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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Of Mice And Men: Role Of Mice In Biomedical Research Questioned, Christopher J. Degeling, Jane Johnson
Of Mice And Men: Role Of Mice In Biomedical Research Questioned, Christopher J. Degeling, Jane Johnson
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
A study recently published in the peer-reviewed journal PNAS (Proceedings of the National of Academy Sciences) shows that mice are poor models for human inflammatory diseases. The paper, which focused on sepsis, burns and trauma, raises questions about the fundamental role of mice in biomedical research.
'It Was Not Just A Walking Experience': Reflections On The Role Of Care In Dog-Walking, Christopher J. Degeling, Melanie Rock
'It Was Not Just A Walking Experience': Reflections On The Role Of Care In Dog-Walking, Christopher J. Degeling, Melanie Rock
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Research into physical activity and human health has recently begun to attend to dog-walking. This study extends the literature on dog-walking as a health behaviour by conceptualizing dog-walking as a caring practice. It centres on qualitative interviews with 11 Canadian dog-owners. All participants resided in urban neighbourhoods identified through previous quantitative research as conducive to dog-walking. Canine characteristics, including breed and age, were found to influence people's physical activity. The health of the dog and its position in the life-course influenced patterns of dog-walking. Frequency, duration and spatial patterns of dog-walking all depended on relationships and people's capacity to tap …
The Role Of Hypothalamic H1 Receptor Antagonism In Antipsychotic-Induced Weight Gain, Meng He, Chao Deng, Xu-Feng Huang
The Role Of Hypothalamic H1 Receptor Antagonism In Antipsychotic-Induced Weight Gain, Meng He, Chao Deng, Xu-Feng Huang
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Treatment with second generation antipsychotics (SGAs), notably olanzapine and clozapine, causes severe obesity side effects. Antagonism of histamine H1 receptors has been identified as a main cause of SGA-induced obesity, but the molecular mechanisms associated with this antagonism in different stages of SGA-induced weight gain remain unclear. This review aims to explore the potential role of hypothalamic histamine H1 receptors in different stages of SGA-induced weight gain/obesity and the molecular pathways related to SGA-induced antagonism of these receptors. Initial data have demonstrated the importance of hypothalamic H1 receptors in both short- and long-term SGA-induced obesity. Blocking hypothalamic H1 receptors by …
Changing Role Of Local Institutions To Enable Individual And Collective Actions For Adapting To Climate Change, Popular Gentle, Rik Thwaites, Digby Race, Kim Alexander
Changing Role Of Local Institutions To Enable Individual And Collective Actions For Adapting To Climate Change, Popular Gentle, Rik Thwaites, Digby Race, Kim Alexander
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Studies and practices on commons have demonstrated that local institutions can develop institutional arrangements to manage resources such as forests and water and can ensure benefit sharing mechanisms in a sustainable and equitable way. The characters, functions and roles of local institutions required to manage commons are well studied and translated in practice. Few researchers have reported on the role of local institutions in adaptation to climate change and variability with little known about key characters and functions reqUired. This article is based on a case study research in the mountains of Nepal following a mixed method approach including in-depth …
Solution Based Teaching Methods In A Problem Based Curriculum: The Role Of A Mental Health Nurse In Addressing The Challenges Of Curriculum Delivery In A Regional Medical School, Kerry Dawes
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Abstract of poster presentatio presented at the ACHMN's 39th International Mental Health Nursing Conference Collaboration and Partnership in Mental Health Nursing, 22-24 October 2013, Pan Pacific Hotel, Perth, Western Australia.
The Role Of Ghrelin Signalling In Second-Generation Antipsychotic-Induced Weight Gain, Qingsheng Zhang, Chao Deng, Xu-Feng Huang
The Role Of Ghrelin Signalling In Second-Generation Antipsychotic-Induced Weight Gain, Qingsheng Zhang, Chao Deng, Xu-Feng Huang
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Based on clinical and animal studies, this review suggests a tri-phasic effect of second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) on circulating ghrelin levels: an initial increase exerted by the acute effect of SGAs; followed by a secondary decrease possibly due to the negative feedback from the SGA-induced body weight gain or hyperphagia; and a final re-increase to reach the new equilibrium. Moreover, the results can also vary depending on individual SGAs, other hormonal states, dietary choices, and other confounding factors including medical history, co-treatments, age, gender, and ghrelin measurement techniques. Interestingly, rats treated with olanzapine, an SGA with high weight gain liabilities, are …
Australian General Practitioner Perceptions Of The Detection And Screening Of At-Risk Drinking, And The Role Of The Audit-C: A Qualitative Study, Chun Wah Michael Tam, Nicholas Arnold Zwar, Roslyn Markham
Australian General Practitioner Perceptions Of The Detection And Screening Of At-Risk Drinking, And The Role Of The Audit-C: A Qualitative Study, Chun Wah Michael Tam, Nicholas Arnold Zwar, Roslyn Markham
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Background: At-risk drinking is common in Australia. Validated screening tools such as the AUDIT-C have been promoted to general practitioners (GPs), but appear rarely used and detection of at-risk drinking in primary care remains low. We sought to describe Australian GP perceptions of the detection and screening of at-risk drinking; to understand their low uptake of alcohol screening questionnaires, and in particular, their attitude to the adoption of the AUDIT-C. Methods. Semi-structured focus group interviews of four groups of GPs and GP trainees were conducted in metropolitan Sydney between August and October 2011. Audio recordings were transcribed and analysed using …
The Role Of Vet In Transitioning To Renewable Energy Sources, Louise Fitzgerald, Judie Cross, Rosemary Raper
The Role Of Vet In Transitioning To Renewable Energy Sources, Louise Fitzgerald, Judie Cross, Rosemary Raper
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
The Federal Government's Renewable Energy Target (RET), while too conservative according to reliable sources, has established that by 2020, twenty percent of Australia's electricity supply will come from renewable sources, primarily wind and solar energy. In this paper, we consider the implications of the transition to renewables for the Australian labour market in three ways. First, we critically review the literature on how the shift to renewables will impact on jobs in terms of the number and types of new jobs and those that may be phased out. Second, by drawing on illustrative examples of training and education programs currently …
The Short And The Tall Of It: The Role Of Viewer Height In Recognising Faces Viewed From Above And Below., Simone Favelle, Stephen Palmisano, Jessica Jackson
The Short And The Tall Of It: The Role Of Viewer Height In Recognising Faces Viewed From Above And Below., Simone Favelle, Stephen Palmisano, Jessica Jackson
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Paper presented at the 2013 Experimental Psychology Conference on the 3-6 April 2013.
Catalytic Role Of Ge In Highly Reversible Geo2/Ge/C Nanocomposite Anode Material For Lithium Batteries, Kuok Hau Seng, Mi-Hee Park, Zai Ping Guo, Hua-Kun Liu, Jaephil Cho
Catalytic Role Of Ge In Highly Reversible Geo2/Ge/C Nanocomposite Anode Material For Lithium Batteries, Kuok Hau Seng, Mi-Hee Park, Zai Ping Guo, Hua-Kun Liu, Jaephil Cho
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
GeO2/Ge/C anode material synthesized using a simple method involving simultaneous carbon coating and reduction by acetylene gas is composed of nanosized GeO2/Ge particles coated by a thin layer of carbon, which is also interconnected between neighboring particles to form clusters of up to 30 μm. The GeO2/Ge/C composite shows a high capacity of up to 1860 mAh/g and 1680 mAh/g at 1 C (2.1 A/g) and 10 C rates, respectively. This good electrochemical performance is related to the fact that the elemental germanium nanoparticles present in the composite increases the reversibility of the conversion reaction of GeO2. These factors have …
Rejection Of Small And Uncharged Chemicals Of Emerging Concern By Reverse Osmosis Membranes: The Role Of Free Volume Space Within The Active Skin Layer, Takahiro Fujioka, Nagayasu Oshima, Ryoichi Suzuki, Stuart J. Khan, Annalie Roux, Yvan Poussade, Jörg E. Drewes, Long D. Nghiem
Rejection Of Small And Uncharged Chemicals Of Emerging Concern By Reverse Osmosis Membranes: The Role Of Free Volume Space Within The Active Skin Layer, Takahiro Fujioka, Nagayasu Oshima, Ryoichi Suzuki, Stuart J. Khan, Annalie Roux, Yvan Poussade, Jörg E. Drewes, Long D. Nghiem
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
Free-volume hole-radii of the active skin layer of one seawater and two low pressure reverse osmosis (RO) membranes - namely SWC5, ESPAB, and ESPA2 respectively - were evaluated using positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) with a slow positron beam. The results were related to the rejection of boric acid and eight N-nitrosamines to provide insights to the transport of these small solutes through RO membranes. At pH 8 (which is the experimental pH in this study), these solutes are uncharged. PALS analysis showed that the SWC5 has the smallest mean free-volume hole-radius (0.259 nm) among the three RO membranes investigated …
Impact Of Chemical Cleaning On The Nanofiltration Of Pharmaceutically Active Compounds (Phacs): The Role Of Cleaning Temperature, Alexander Simon, William E. Price, Long D. Nghiem
Impact Of Chemical Cleaning On The Nanofiltration Of Pharmaceutically Active Compounds (Phacs): The Role Of Cleaning Temperature, Alexander Simon, William E. Price, Long D. Nghiem
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
This study investigated the impact of chemical cleaning on the physicochemical properties of a nanofiltration membrane and its subsequent separation efficiency of inorganic salts and two pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs), sulfamethoxazole and carbamazepine. Chemical cleaning was simulated by immersing virgin membrane samples in aqueous citric acid, sodium hydroxide (NaOH), ethylenediaminetetraacetic-acid (EDTA) and sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) at various temperatures for 18 h. The cleaning temperature did not exert any discernible impact on the surface charge of the NF270 membrane selected in this study. However, high cleaning temperatures were shown to either amplify or reduce the impact of chemical cleaning on …
The Strategic Role Of Engineering Asset Management, Khaled O. El-Akruti, Richard Dwight, Tieling Zhang
The Strategic Role Of Engineering Asset Management, Khaled O. El-Akruti, Richard Dwight, Tieling Zhang
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
The current concept of an asset management (AM) system focuses on the lifecycle of engineered assets and little has been done in the literature on its link to organizational strategy. In this paper, the AM system′s position within an organizational structure and its role in competitive strategy has been explored. Two case studies involving AM have been analyzed using a proposed framework which is comprised of a set of planning and control activities maintaining a control mechanism and a relationship with the strategy-making process. It is argued that the AM system structure and the mechanism play a key role in …
Characterising Poly (Vinyl Chloride)/Aliquat 336 Polymer Inclusion Membranes: Evidence Of Phase Separation And Its Role In Metal Extraction, Nurul-Syazana Abdul-Halim, Philip G. Whitten, Long D. Nghiem
Characterising Poly (Vinyl Chloride)/Aliquat 336 Polymer Inclusion Membranes: Evidence Of Phase Separation And Its Role In Metal Extraction, Nurul-Syazana Abdul-Halim, Philip G. Whitten, Long D. Nghiem
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
The miscibility of the base polymer poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) and the extractant Aliquat 336 in polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs) was investigated by characterisation of thermal transitions using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The extractions of Cd (II) and Zn (II) using PVC/Aliquat 336 PIMs with different base polymer/extractant composition and different extraction temperature were also investigated. Changes in the PIM's heat capacity measured by DSC were small, thus, could only be used to determine the glass transition temperature (Tg) of PIMs with low Aliquat 336 content. On the other hand, DMA results clearly identify the …
The Role Of Public Procurement In Improving Accessibility To Ict, Gunela Astbrink, William Tibben
The Role Of Public Procurement In Improving Accessibility To Ict, Gunela Astbrink, William Tibben
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
Government bodies use public procurement policies and mechanisms to purchase ICT products and services. Some governments in OECD countries apply accessibility criteria when procuring ICT to improve access to their services and employment opportunities for people with disabilities. This may have a flow-on effect of greater availability of affordable and accessible ICT thus improving digital inclusion. This paper outlines research on comparative analysis of the situation in Australia with current policy in OECD countries. The research resulted in recommendations for a consumer-oriented plan to work with Australian governments on the introduction of accessibility criteria in ICT public procurement.
The Potential For An Enhanced Role For Mri In Radiation-Therapy Treatment Planning, P Metcalfe, G P. Liney, L Holloway, A Walker, M Barton, G P. Delaney, S Vinod, W Tome
The Potential For An Enhanced Role For Mri In Radiation-Therapy Treatment Planning, P Metcalfe, G P. Liney, L Holloway, A Walker, M Barton, G P. Delaney, S Vinod, W Tome
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
The exquisite soft-tissue contrast of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has meant that the technique is having an increasing role in contouring the gross tumor volume (GTV) and organs at risk (OAR) in radiation therapy treatment planning systems (TPS). MRI-planning scans from diagnostic MRI scanners are currently incorporated into the planning process by being registered to CT data. The soft-tissue data from the MRI provides target outline guidance and the CT provides a solid geometric and electron density map for accurate dose calculation on the TPS computer. There is increasing interest in MRI machine placement in radiotherapy clinics as an adjunct …
The Role Of Life Cycle Cost In Engineering Asset Management, Khaled El-Akruti, Richard Dwight, Tieling Zhang, Mujbil Al-Marsumi
The Role Of Life Cycle Cost In Engineering Asset Management, Khaled El-Akruti, Richard Dwight, Tieling Zhang, Mujbil Al-Marsumi
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
This paper presents a case study demonstrating life cycle cost (LCC) analysis as a major and critical activity of engineering asset management decisions and control. The objective is to develop a maintenance policy to control the economics of replacement and repair practice of refractory lining of an electric arc furnace (EAF). The replacement & repair policies involve the optimum life policy, the repair versus replacement policies, the repair limit method and the comparison of lining material types from different suppliers. The developed models provide a method for defining the most important factors involved in decision making with respect to operational …
The Role Of Geosynthetics In Improving The Behaviour Of Ballasted Rail Tracks, Buddhima Indraratna, Sanjay Shrawan Nimbalkar
The Role Of Geosynthetics In Improving The Behaviour Of Ballasted Rail Tracks, Buddhima Indraratna, Sanjay Shrawan Nimbalkar
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
This chapter contains a laboratory assessment of the role of geosynthetics in the performance of railway ballast. The main objectives of this testing were to examine the actual potential of selected geosynthetic products for ballast stabilisation. A series of cyclic drained tests were carried out using a large scale prismoidal triaxial apparatus that was designed and built at the University of Wollongong, and is the most innovative cyclic process simulation testing equipment available in the world today. The effects of different types of geosynthetics, including bi-axial geogrid, non-woven geotextile and geocomposite (a combination of bi-axial geogrid and non-woven geotextile) have …
Paleoclimate Data-Model Comparison And The Role Of Climate Forcings Over The Past 1500 Years, Steven J. Phipps, Helen V. Mcgregor, Joelle Gergis, Ailie J. E Gallant, Raphael Neukom, Samantha Stevenson, Duncan Ackerley, Josephine R. Brown, Matt J. Fischer, Tas D. Van Ommen
Paleoclimate Data-Model Comparison And The Role Of Climate Forcings Over The Past 1500 Years, Steven J. Phipps, Helen V. Mcgregor, Joelle Gergis, Ailie J. E Gallant, Raphael Neukom, Samantha Stevenson, Duncan Ackerley, Josephine R. Brown, Matt J. Fischer, Tas D. Van Ommen
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
The past 1500 years provide a valuable opportunity to study the response of the climate system to external forcings. However, the integration of paleoclimate proxies with climate modeling is critical to improving the understanding of climate dynamics. In this paper, a climate system model and proxy records are therefore used to study the role of natural and anthropogenic forcings in driving the global climate. The inverse and forward approaches to paleoclimate data–model comparison are applied, and sources of uncertainty are identified and discussed. In the first of two case studies, the climate model simulations are compared with multiproxy temperature reconstructions. …
Eye Tracking Infants: Investigating The Role Of Attention During Learning On Recognition Memory, Gemma Taylor, Jane S. Herbert
Eye Tracking Infants: Investigating The Role Of Attention During Learning On Recognition Memory, Gemma Taylor, Jane S. Herbert
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
In the present study, eye tracker methodology was used to explore whether there were age-related changes in the focus of infant attention during a learning event and subsequent recognition memory for event features. Six- and 9-month old infants watched a video of an adult demonstrating a sequence of actions with an object while visual attention was recorded using an eye tracker. At both ages, attention was focused primarily on the object and person, with the background attended to for approximately 12% of their viewing time. Recognition memory for the person, object and background from the video was assessed immediately using …
Who Cares Wins: The Role Of Local News And News Sources In Influencing Community Responses To Marine Protected Areas, Michelle Voyer, Tanja Dreher, William Gladstone, Heather Goodall
Who Cares Wins: The Role Of Local News And News Sources In Influencing Community Responses To Marine Protected Areas, Michelle Voyer, Tanja Dreher, William Gladstone, Heather Goodall
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Mass media is a key tool by which environmental interventions, such as Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are communicated to the public. The way in which local news outlets present and explain MPAs to local communities is likely to be influential in determining how they respond to the proposal. In particular the tendency of news media to focus on areas of conflict and dispute ensures ideology and politics play a central role in reporting of MPA proposals, often simplifying debate into an 'us versus them' or 'fishers versus conservationists' ideological conflict. This can lead to the outright rejection of an MPA …
The Role Of Monocular Regions In The Perception Of Stereoscopic Surfaces, S Wardle, Barbara Gillam, Stephen Palmisano
The Role Of Monocular Regions In The Perception Of Stereoscopic Surfaces, S Wardle, Barbara Gillam, Stephen Palmisano
Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Abstract presented at the 36th European Conference on Visual Perception, 25-29 August 2013, Bremen, Germany