Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Articles 1 - 30 of 184
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Ten Trenches: A Scienceart Collaboration, Timothy J. Cohen, Martin Cohen, Stephanie Kermode, Michael G. Leggett
Ten Trenches: A Scienceart Collaboration, Timothy J. Cohen, Martin Cohen, Stephanie Kermode, Michael G. Leggett
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
Collaborative and cross-disciplinary research by a group of artists and scientists in an Australian rural setting generates data and ideas that form the basis of a wider understanding of the ramifications of global warming and cooling within the local, regional and national community. The work is viewed as an initial educational platform that will allow the public to see and understand the complexities of climate-based research.
Coral Reefs And Reef Islands Of The Amirantes Archipelago, Western Indian Ocean, Sarah Hamylton, Tom Spencer, Annelise B. Hagan
Coral Reefs And Reef Islands Of The Amirantes Archipelago, Western Indian Ocean, Sarah Hamylton, Tom Spencer, Annelise B. Hagan
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
No abstract provided.
Spatial Modelling Of Benthic Cover Using Remote Sensing Data In The Aldabra Lagoon, Western Indian Ocean, Sarah Hamylton, Tom Spencer, A Hagan
Spatial Modelling Of Benthic Cover Using Remote Sensing Data In The Aldabra Lagoon, Western Indian Ocean, Sarah Hamylton, Tom Spencer, A Hagan
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
Spatially explicit ecological modelling was used to predict the distribution of 4 benthic components (live coral, carbonate sand, macroalgae and dead coral) inside the Aldabra lagoon, southern Seychelles, western Indian Ocean. Both classic ordinary least-squares and spatial autoregression techniques were carried out on a field data set of 774 spatially referenced records and 3 satellite remote sensing images to define an empirical relationship between local environmental conditions (water depth and water level variation) and benthic cover. This relationship was then used to generate a synoptic model of the spatial cover and distribution of each benthic component at the landscape (i.e. …
Accordion Vs. Quantum Tectonics: Insights Into Continental Growth Processes From The Paleozoic Of Eastern Gondwanan, Jonathan C. Aitchison, Solomon Buckman
Accordion Vs. Quantum Tectonics: Insights Into Continental Growth Processes From The Paleozoic Of Eastern Gondwanan, Jonathan C. Aitchison, Solomon Buckman
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
The Early Paleozoic Lachlan Fold Belt of eastern Australia is widely regarded as an ancient convergent plate margin beneath which paleo-Pacific (Panthalassic) oceanic lithosphere was continuously subducted. It is cited as the type example of a retreating accretionary orogeny. However, sandstone compositions, the sedimentological nature and timing of chert accumulation and overall stratigraphic architecture are not necessarily consistent with this model. We suggest an alternative explanation for growth of Gondwanan continental margin. Oceanic lithosphere outboard of the passive Gondwana continental margin was subducted beneath an extensive intra-oceanic island arc that now crops out as an allochthonous element (Macquarie arc) within …
Long-Range Correlations In Fourier Transform Infrared, Satellite, And Modeled Co In The Southern Hemisphere, Olaf Morgenstern, Guang Zeng, Stephen W. Wood, John Robinson, Dan Smale, Clare Paton-Walsh, Nicholas B. Jones, David W. T Griffith
Long-Range Correlations In Fourier Transform Infrared, Satellite, And Modeled Co In The Southern Hemisphere, Olaf Morgenstern, Guang Zeng, Stephen W. Wood, John Robinson, Dan Smale, Clare Paton-Walsh, Nicholas B. Jones, David W. T Griffith
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
We use Fourier transfonn infrared ground-based measurements and satellite and model data to assess long-range correlations in tropospheric carbon monoxide. We fmd that CO columns measured in New Zealand correlate well with those measured in Antarctica, if a transport-related lag is taken into account. The model suggests that this long-range correlation is part of a mode of anomalous CO comprising almost the whole southern extratropics, which is linked to biomass burning in the southern continents. No such mode is modeled for the Northern Hemisphere. The area of long-range correlations maximizes for the southern subtropical Pacific, which is identified as an …
Riverine Source Of Arctic Ocean Mercury Inferred From Atmospheric Observations, Jenny A. Fisher, Daniel J. Jacob, Anne L. Soerensen, Helen M. Amos, Alexandra Steffen, Elsie M. Sunderland
Riverine Source Of Arctic Ocean Mercury Inferred From Atmospheric Observations, Jenny A. Fisher, Daniel J. Jacob, Anne L. Soerensen, Helen M. Amos, Alexandra Steffen, Elsie M. Sunderland
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
Methylmercury is a potent neurotoxin that accumulates in aquatic food webs. Human activities, including industry and mining, have increased inorganic mercury inputs to terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Methylation of this mercury generates methylmercury, and is thus a public health concern. Marine methylmercury is a particular concern in the Arctic, where indigenous peoples rely heavily on marine-based diets. In the summer, atmospheric inorganic mercury concentrations peak in the Arctic, whereas they reach a minimum in the northern mid-latitudes. Here, we use a global three-dimensional ocean–atmosphere model to examine the cause of this Arctic summertime maximum. According to our simulations, circumpolar rivers …
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Retrieved From The Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (Gosat): Comparison With Ground-Based Tccon Observations And Geos-Chem Model Calculations, A Cogan, H Boesch, R Parker, L Feng, Paul Palmer, J-F Blavier, Nicholas M. Deutscher, Ronald Macatangay, Justus Notholt, C M. Roehl, Thorsten Warneke, Debra Wunch
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Retrieved From The Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (Gosat): Comparison With Ground-Based Tccon Observations And Geos-Chem Model Calculations, A Cogan, H Boesch, R Parker, L Feng, Paul Palmer, J-F Blavier, Nicholas M. Deutscher, Ronald Macatangay, Justus Notholt, C M. Roehl, Thorsten Warneke, Debra Wunch
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
We retrieved column-averaged dry air mole fractions of atmospheric carbon dioxide (XCO 2) from backscattered short-wave infrared (SWIR) sunlight measured by the Japanese Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT). Over two years of XCO 2 retrieved from GOSAT is compared with XCO 2 inferred from collocated SWIR measurements by seven ground-based Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) stations. The average difference between GOSAT and TCCON XCO 2 for individual TCCON sites ranges from -0.87 ppm to 0.77 ppm with a mean value of 0.1 ppm and standard deviation of 0.56 ppm. We find an average bias between all GOSAT and TCCON …
Comment On The Ionization Energy Of B2f4, Bun Chan, Adam J. Trevitt, Stephen J. Blanksby, Leo Radom
Comment On The Ionization Energy Of B2f4, Bun Chan, Adam J. Trevitt, Stephen J. Blanksby, Leo Radom
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
The Gn test sets(1) of accurate (uncertainty ≤ 1 kcal mol–1 ≈ 4 kJ mol–1) experimental data are widely employed in the development and assessment of quantum chemistry procedures. However, while all the data in the Gn sets nominally carry a sub-kcal mol–1 uncertainty, several of the experimental values show uncharacteristically large discrepancies when compared with values determined by high-level theoretical calculations. One of these questionable values is the adiabatic ionization energy (IE) of B2F4, for which the theoretical values calculated, for example, with the high-level G2 (1133.9, kJ mol–1),(1b) G3 (1135.4 kJ mol–1),(2) and G4 (1127.2 kJ mol–1)(3) procedures …
Evidence Of Enso Mega-Drought Triggered Collapse Of Prehistory Aboriginal Society In Northwest Australia, Hamish Mcgowan, Samuel K. Marx, P Moss, Andrew Hammond
Evidence Of Enso Mega-Drought Triggered Collapse Of Prehistory Aboriginal Society In Northwest Australia, Hamish Mcgowan, Samuel K. Marx, P Moss, Andrew Hammond
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
The Kimberley region of northwest Australia contains one of the World's largest collections of rock art characterised by two distinct art forms; the fine featured anthropomorphic figures of the Gwion Gwion or Bradshaw paintings, and broad stroke Wandjina figures. Luminescence dating of mud wasp nests overlying Gwion Gwion paintings has confirmed an age of at least 17,000 yrs B.P. with the most recent dates for these paintings from around the mid-Holocene (5000 to 7000 yrs B.P.). Radiocarbon dating indicates that the Wandjina rock art then emerged around 3800 to 4000 yrs B.P. following a hiatus of at least 1200 yrs. …
Atmospheric Tomography: A Bayesian Inversion Technique For Determining The Rate And Location Of Fugitive Emissions, Ruhi Humphries, Charles Jenkins, Ray Leuning, Steve Zegelin, David Griffith, Christopher Caldow, Henry Berko, Andrew Feitz
Atmospheric Tomography: A Bayesian Inversion Technique For Determining The Rate And Location Of Fugitive Emissions, Ruhi Humphries, Charles Jenkins, Ray Leuning, Steve Zegelin, David Griffith, Christopher Caldow, Henry Berko, Andrew Feitz
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
A Bayesian inversion technique to determine the location and strength of trace gas emissions from a point source in open air is presented. It was tested using atmospheric measurements of N2O and CO2 released at known rates from a source located within an array of eight evenly spaced sampling points on a 20 m radius circle. The analysis requires knowledge of concentration enhancement downwind of the source and the normalized, three-dimensional distribution (shape) of concentration in the dispersion plume. The influence of varying background concentrations of ~1% for N2O and ~10% for CO2 was removed by subtracting upwind concentrations from …
Channel Adjustments In Response To The Operation Of Large Dams: The Upper Reach Of The Lower Yellow River, Yuanxu Ma, He Qing Huang, Gerald C. Nanson, Yongi Li, Wenyi Yao
Channel Adjustments In Response To The Operation Of Large Dams: The Upper Reach Of The Lower Yellow River, Yuanxu Ma, He Qing Huang, Gerald C. Nanson, Yongi Li, Wenyi Yao
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
The Yellow River in China carries an extremely large sediment load. River channel-form and lateral shifting in a dynamic, partly meandering and partly braided reach of the lower Yellow River, have been significantly influenced by construction of Sanmenxia Dam in 1960, Liujiaxia Dam in 1968, Longyangxia Dam in 1985 and Xiaolangdi Dam in 1997. Using observations from Huayuankou Station, 128 km downstream of Xiaolangdi Dam, this study examines changes in the river before and after construction of the dams. The temporal changes in the mean annual flow discharge and mean annual suspended sediment concentration have been strongly influenced by operation …
Development Of A Spatial Data Infrastructure For Coastal Management In The Amirante Islands, Seychelles, Sarah M. Hamylton, Justin Prosper
Development Of A Spatial Data Infrastructure For Coastal Management In The Amirante Islands, Seychelles, Sarah M. Hamylton, Justin Prosper
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
Spatial data infrastructures play a key role in coastal management decision making in the Seychelles. This paper describes four components of a web-based spatial data infrastructure that were developed to facilitate coastal management of the Amirante Islands in the Seychelles. The four components include: (i) the institutional arrangement for using spatial data effectively to address local management challenges, (ii) the production of island habitat maps from remotely sensed data, (iii) the tasks undertaken for promoting access to and use of this spatial data, and (iv) an example of how this data is used for a specific coastal management application in …
Preliminary Validation Of Column-Averaged Volume Mixing Ratios Of Carbon Dioxide And Methane Retrieved From Gosat Short-Wavelength Infrared Spectra, David W. Griffith, G C. Toon, B Connor, R Sussmann, Thorsten Warneke, Nicholas M. Deutscher, Paul O. Wennberg, Justus Notholt, V Sherlock, J Robinson, O Uchino, C M. Roehl, I Morino, Debra Wunch, Janina Messerschmidt, Y Yoshida, M Inoue, M Rettinger
Preliminary Validation Of Column-Averaged Volume Mixing Ratios Of Carbon Dioxide And Methane Retrieved From Gosat Short-Wavelength Infrared Spectra, David W. Griffith, G C. Toon, B Connor, R Sussmann, Thorsten Warneke, Nicholas M. Deutscher, Paul O. Wennberg, Justus Notholt, V Sherlock, J Robinson, O Uchino, C M. Roehl, I Morino, Debra Wunch, Janina Messerschmidt, Y Yoshida, M Inoue, M Rettinger
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
Column-averaged volume mixing ratios of carbon dioxide and methane retrieved from the Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT) Short-Wavelength InfraRed observation (GOSAT SWIR XCO2 and XCH4 ) were compared with the reference calibrated data obtained by ground-based high-resolution Fourier Transform Spectrometers (g-b FTSs) participating in the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON). Preliminary results are as follows: the GOSAT SWIR XCO2 and XCH4 (Version 01.xx) are biased low by 8.85 ±4.75 ppm (2.3±1.2 %) and 20.4±18.9 ppb (1.2±1.1 %), respectively. The standard deviation of the GOSAT SWIR XCO2 and XCH4 is about 1% after correcting the negative biases of XCO2 and …
Extensional And Colisional Magmatic Records In The Apiai Terrane, South-Southeastern Brazil: Integration Of Geochronological U-Pb Zircon Ages, Oswaldo Siga Junior, Miguel Angelo Stipp Basei, Allen P. Nutman, Kei Sato, Ian Mcreath, Claudia Regina Passarelli, Dunyi Liu
Extensional And Colisional Magmatic Records In The Apiai Terrane, South-Southeastern Brazil: Integration Of Geochronological U-Pb Zircon Ages, Oswaldo Siga Junior, Miguel Angelo Stipp Basei, Allen P. Nutman, Kei Sato, Ian Mcreath, Claudia Regina Passarelli, Dunyi Liu
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
The aim of this work is the presentation of a synthesis of available geochronological data for the basement inliers and metavolcano-sedimentary sequences which occur in the southern part of the Apiai Terrane, south-southeastern Brazil. These data, especially those obtained during the last decade, have made substantial modifi cations to the tectonic scenario of south-southeastern Brazil with the recognition of the presence of extensional basins (continental rifts) with magmatism and sedimentation at the late Paleoproterozoic (1790 - 1750 Ma) and of the Mesoproterozoic (1600 - 1450 Ma). These processes started at the late Paleoproterozoic in the Betara, Perau and Apiai Mirim …
Methane Observations From The Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite: Comparison To Ground-Based Tccon Data And Model Calculations, Robert Parker, Hartmut Boesch, Austin Cogan, Annemarie Fraser, Liang Feng, Paul Palmer, Janina Messerschmidt, Nicholas M. Deutscher, David W. Griffith, Justus Notholt, Paul O. Wennberg, Debra Wunch
Methane Observations From The Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite: Comparison To Ground-Based Tccon Data And Model Calculations, Robert Parker, Hartmut Boesch, Austin Cogan, Annemarie Fraser, Liang Feng, Paul Palmer, Janina Messerschmidt, Nicholas M. Deutscher, David W. Griffith, Justus Notholt, Paul O. Wennberg, Debra Wunch
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
We report new short-wave infrared (SWIR) column retrievals of atmospheric methane (X CH4) from the Japanese Greenhouse Gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT) and compare observed spatial and temporal variations with correlative ground-based measurements from the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) and with the global 3-D GEOS-Chem chemistry transport model. GOSAT X CH4 retrievals are compared with daily TCCON observations at six sites between April 2009 and July 2010 (Bialystok, Park Falls, Lamont, Orleans, Darwin and Wollongong). GOSAT reproduces the site-dependent seasonal cycles as observed by TCCON with correlations typically between 0.5 and 0.7 with an estimated single-sounding precision between 0.4-0.8%. …
Retrieval Of Atmospheric Co2 With Enhanced Accuracy And Precision From Sciamachy: Validation With Fts Measurements And Comparison With Model Results, M Reuter, H Bovensmann, M Buchwitz, Jp Burrows, B Connor, Nicholas M. Deutscher, David W. Griffith, J Heymann, Gretchen Keppel-Aleks, Janina Messerschmidt, Justus Notholt, Christof Petri, J Robinson, O Schneising, V Sherlock, Voltaire A. Velazco, Thorsten Warneke, Paul O. Wennberg, Debra Wunch
Retrieval Of Atmospheric Co2 With Enhanced Accuracy And Precision From Sciamachy: Validation With Fts Measurements And Comparison With Model Results, M Reuter, H Bovensmann, M Buchwitz, Jp Burrows, B Connor, Nicholas M. Deutscher, David W. Griffith, J Heymann, Gretchen Keppel-Aleks, Janina Messerschmidt, Justus Notholt, Christof Petri, J Robinson, O Schneising, V Sherlock, Voltaire A. Velazco, Thorsten Warneke, Paul O. Wennberg, Debra Wunch
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
The Bremen Optimal Estimation differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) (BESD) algorithm for satellite based retrievals of XCO 2 (the column-average dry-air mole fraction of atmospheric CO 2) has been applied to Scanning Imaging Absorption Spectrometer for Atmospheric Cartography (SCIAMACHY) data. It uses measurements in the O 2-A absorption band to correct for scattering of undetected clouds and aerosols. Comparisons with precise and accurate ground-based Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) measurements at four Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) sites have been used to quantify the quality of the new SCIAMACHY XCO 2 data set. Additionally, the results have been compared to …
The Dirt On Assessing Post-Fire Erosion In The Mount Lofty Ranges: Comparing Methods, Rowena H. Morris, Solomon Buckman, Paul Connelly, Deirdre Dragovich, Bertram Ostendorf, Ross A. Bradstock
The Dirt On Assessing Post-Fire Erosion In The Mount Lofty Ranges: Comparing Methods, Rowena H. Morris, Solomon Buckman, Paul Connelly, Deirdre Dragovich, Bertram Ostendorf, Ross A. Bradstock
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
Land managers are required to assess a range of environmental attributes prior to and after prescribed burning. Current environmental assessments vary depending on the organisation involved and the existing information about localised soil erosion. Auditing successful environmental assessments requires ongoing field monitoring to evaluate whether the magnitude and extent of predicted post-fire impacts are comparable. The impacts of post-fire erosion were assessed by the authors using the techniques of water sampling, sediment traps, erosion pins, laser scanning, photogrammetry and visual field assessment. Each data collecting method varies in its spatial and temporal reach in terms of monitoring landscape changes in …
The Australian Methane Budget: Interpreting Surface And Train-Borne Measurements Using A Chemistry Transport Model, A Fraser, C C. Miller, Paul Palmer, Nicholas M. Deutscher, Nicholas B. Jones, David W. Griffith
The Australian Methane Budget: Interpreting Surface And Train-Borne Measurements Using A Chemistry Transport Model, A Fraser, C C. Miller, Paul Palmer, Nicholas M. Deutscher, Nicholas B. Jones, David W. Griffith
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
We investigate the Australian methane budget from 2005-2008 using the GEOS-Chem 3D chemistry transport model, focusing on the relative contribution of emissions from different sectors and the influence of long-range transport. To evaluate the model, we use in situ surface measurements of methane, methane dry air column average (XCH 4) from ground-based Fourier transform spectrometers (FTSs), and train-borne surface concentration measurements from an in situ FTS along the north-south continental transect. We use gravity anomaly data from Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment to describe the spatial and temporal distribution of wetland emissions and scale it to a prior emission estimate, …
Airborne And Ground-Based Measurements Of The Trace Gases And Particles Emitted By Prescribed Fires In The United States, I R. Burling, R J. Yokelson, S K. Akagi, S P. Urbanski, C E. Wold, David W. Griffith, T J. Johnson, J Reardon, D R. Weise
Airborne And Ground-Based Measurements Of The Trace Gases And Particles Emitted By Prescribed Fires In The United States, I R. Burling, R J. Yokelson, S K. Akagi, S P. Urbanski, C E. Wold, David W. Griffith, T J. Johnson, J Reardon, D R. Weise
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
We have measured emission factors for 19 tracegas species and particulate matter (PM2.5) from 14 prescribedfires in chaparral and oak savanna in the southwesternUS, as well as conifer forest understory in the southeasternUS and Sierra Nevada mountains of California. These arelikely the most extensive emission factor field measurementsfor temperate biomass burning to date and the only publishedemission factors for temperate oak savanna fuels. This studyhelps to close the gap in emissions data available for temperatezone fires relative to tropical biomass burning. Wepresent the first field measurements of the biomass burningemissions of glycolaldehyde, a possible precursor for aqueousphase secondary organic aerosol …
Electron Affinities, Well Depths, And Vibrational Spectroscopy Of Cis- And Trans-Hoco, Christopher J. Johnson, Michael E. Harding, Berwyck L. J Poad, John F. Stanton, Robert E. Continetti
Electron Affinities, Well Depths, And Vibrational Spectroscopy Of Cis- And Trans-Hoco, Christopher J. Johnson, Michael E. Harding, Berwyck L. J Poad, John F. Stanton, Robert E. Continetti
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
We report vibrationally resolved photoelectron spectra of internally cold HOCO– and DOCO– anions at wavelengths near and well above the detachment threshold. These spectra are dominated by a strong Franck–Condon progression of three low-energy modes of the cis isomer, the first gas-phase measurement of these vibrations. Using highly resolved, near-threshold spectra we are able to reassign the electron affinities (EAs) of cis- and trans-HOCO to 1.51 ± 0.01 and 1.37 ± 0.01 eV, respectively. Using these EAs, well depths with respect to OH + CO are determined to be 1.07 ± 0.02 eV for trans-HOCO and 0.99 ± 0.02 eV …
Photoelectron-Photofragment Coincidence Spectroscopy In A Cryogenically Cooled Linear Electrostatic Ion Beam Trap, Christopher J. Johnson, Ben B. Shen, Berwyck L. J Poad, Robert E. Continetti
Photoelectron-Photofragment Coincidence Spectroscopy In A Cryogenically Cooled Linear Electrostatic Ion Beam Trap, Christopher J. Johnson, Ben B. Shen, Berwyck L. J Poad, Robert E. Continetti
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
A cryogenically cooled linear electrostatic ion beam trap for use in photoelectron-photofragment coincidence (PPC) spectroscopy is described. Using this instrument, anions created in cold, low-dutycycle sources can be stored for many seconds in a ∼20 K environment to cool radiatively, removing energetic uncertainties due to vibrationally excited precursor anions. This apparatus maintains a well-collimated beam necessary for high-resolution fragment imaging and the high experimental duty cycle needed for coincidence experiments. Ion oscillation is bunched and phase-locked to a modelocked laser, ensuring temporal overlap between ion bunches and laser pulses and that ions are intersected by the laser only when travelling …
Communication: New Insight Into The Barrier Governing Co2 Formation From Oh + Co, Christopher J. Johnson, Berwyck L. Poad, Ben B. Shen, Robert E. Continetti
Communication: New Insight Into The Barrier Governing Co2 Formation From Oh + Co, Christopher J. Johnson, Berwyck L. Poad, Ben B. Shen, Robert E. Continetti
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
Despite its relative simplicity, the role of tunneling in the reaction OH + CO → H + CO(2) has eluded the quantitative predictive powers of theoretical reaction dynamics. In this study a one-dimensional effective barrier to the formation of H + CO(2) from the HOCO intermediate is directly extracted from dissociative photodetachment experiments on HOCO and DOCO. Comparison of this barrier to a computed minimum-energy barrier shows that tunneling deviates significantly from the calculated minimum-energy pathway, predicting product internal energy distributions that match those found in the experiment and tunneling lifetimes short enough to contribute significantly to the overall reaction. …
Sources, Distribution, And Acidity Of Sulfate-Ammonium Aerosol In The Arctic In Winter-Spring, Jenny A. Fisher, Daniel J. Jacob, Q Wang, Roya Bahreini, C C. Carouge, M J. Cubison, Jack E. Dibb, Thomas Diehl, J L. Jimenez, E M. Leibensperger, Zifeng Lu, Marcel B.J Meinders, H. O T. Pye, Patricia K. Quinn, Sangeeta Sharma, David G. Streets, Aaron Van Donkelaar, R M. Yantosca
Sources, Distribution, And Acidity Of Sulfate-Ammonium Aerosol In The Arctic In Winter-Spring, Jenny A. Fisher, Daniel J. Jacob, Q Wang, Roya Bahreini, C C. Carouge, M J. Cubison, Jack E. Dibb, Thomas Diehl, J L. Jimenez, E M. Leibensperger, Zifeng Lu, Marcel B.J Meinders, H. O T. Pye, Patricia K. Quinn, Sangeeta Sharma, David G. Streets, Aaron Van Donkelaar, R M. Yantosca
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
We use GEOS-Chem chemical transport model simulations of sulfate–ammonium aerosol data from the NASA ARCTAS and NOAA ARCPAC aircraft campaigns in the North American Arctic in April 2008, together with longer-term data from surface sites, to better understand aerosol sources in the Arctic in winter–spring and the implications for aerosol acidity. Arctic pollution is dominated by transport from mid-latitudes, and we test the relevant ammonia and sulfur dioxide emission inventories in the model by comparison with wet deposition flux data over the source continents. We find that a complicated mix of natural and anthropogenic sources with different vertical signatures is …
Calibration Of Tccon Column-Averaged Co2: The First Aircraft Campaign Over European Tccon Sites, Janina Messerschmidt, M. Geibel, T. Blumenstock, H. Chen, Nicholas Deutscher, A. Engel, D. Feist, C. Gerbig, M. Gisi, F. Hase, K. Katrynski, O. Kolle, J. Lavric, Justus Notholt, M. Palm, M. Ramonet, M. Rettinger, M. Schmidt, R. Sussmann, G. Toon, F. Truong, Thorsten Warneke, Paul Wennberg, Debra Wunch, I. Xueref-Remy
Calibration Of Tccon Column-Averaged Co2: The First Aircraft Campaign Over European Tccon Sites, Janina Messerschmidt, M. Geibel, T. Blumenstock, H. Chen, Nicholas Deutscher, A. Engel, D. Feist, C. Gerbig, M. Gisi, F. Hase, K. Katrynski, O. Kolle, J. Lavric, Justus Notholt, M. Palm, M. Ramonet, M. Rettinger, M. Schmidt, R. Sussmann, G. Toon, F. Truong, Thorsten Warneke, Paul Wennberg, Debra Wunch, I. Xueref-Remy
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
The Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) is a ground-based network of Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS) sites around the globe, where the column abundances of CO2, CH4, N2O, CO and O2 are measured. CO2 is constrained with a precision better than 0.25% (1-σ). To achieve a similarly high accuracy, calibration to World Meteorological Organization (WMO) standards is required. This paper introduces the first aircraft calibration campaign of five European TCCON sites and a mobile FTS instrument. A series of WMO standards in-situ profiles were obtained over European TCCON sites via aircraft and …
Validation Of The Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment By Noncoincident Mkiv Balloon Profiles, Voltaire A. Velazco, G. Toon, J.-F. Blavier, A. Kleinbohl, G. Manney, W. Daffer, P. Bernath, K. Walker, C. Boone
Validation Of The Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment By Noncoincident Mkiv Balloon Profiles, Voltaire A. Velazco, G. Toon, J.-F. Blavier, A. Kleinbohl, G. Manney, W. Daffer, P. Bernath, K. Walker, C. Boone
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
We have compared volume mixing ratio profiles of atmospheric trace gases measured by the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE) version 2.2 and the MkIV solar occultation Fourier transform infrared spectrometers. These gases are H2O, O3, N2O, CO, CH4, HNO3, HF, HCl, OCS, ClONO2, HCN, CH3Cl, CF4, CCl2F2, CCl3F, COF2, CHF2Cl, and SF6. Due to the complete lack of close spatiotemporal coincidences between the ACE occultations and the MkIV balloon flights, we used potential temperatures and equivalent latitudes from analyzed meteorological fields to find comparable ACE and MkIV profiles. The results show excellent agreement for CH4, N2O, and other long‐lived gases but …
Atolls, Colin D. Woodroffe, Naomi Biribo
Atolls, Colin D. Woodroffe, Naomi Biribo
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
No abstract provided.
Continental Aridification And The Vanishing Of Australia's Megalakes, Timothy J. Cohen, Gerald C. Nanson, John D. Jansen, B. G. Jones, Zenobia Jacobs, P Treble, David M. Price, Jan-Hendrik May, A Smith, Linda K. Ayliffe, John C. Hellstrom
Continental Aridification And The Vanishing Of Australia's Megalakes, Timothy J. Cohen, Gerald C. Nanson, John D. Jansen, B. G. Jones, Zenobia Jacobs, P Treble, David M. Price, Jan-Hendrik May, A Smith, Linda K. Ayliffe, John C. Hellstrom
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
The nature of the Australian climate at about the time of rapid megafaunal extinctions and humans arriving in Australia is poorly understood and is an important element in the contentious debate as to whether humans or climate caused the extinctions. Here we present a new paleoshoreline chronology that extends over the past 100 k.y. for Lake Mega-Frome, the coalescence of Lakes Frome, Blanche, Callabonna and Gregory, in the southern latitudes of central Australia. We show that Lake Mega-Frome was connected for the last time to adjacent Lake Eyre at 50-47 ka, forming the largest remaining interconnected system of paleolakes on …
Alunite Formation Within Silica Stalactites From The Sydney Region, South-Eastern Australia, Robert A. Wray
Alunite Formation Within Silica Stalactites From The Sydney Region, South-Eastern Australia, Robert A. Wray
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
"This paper presents X-ray diffraction and SEM evidence for the formation of alunite, and possibly small quantities of natroalunite, within opal-A stalactites formed on quartz sandstone near Sydney in south-eastern, Australia. Alunite has been reported as a speleogenetic mineral from sediments within a number of caves around the world, but this is believed to be the first report of speleothemic alunite in opaline silica speleothems. Individual alunite crystals have not been visually identified, but SEM X-ray element mapping suggests the alunite has formed amongst kaolinite clay. Sedimentary alunite and natroalunite formation is usually associated with the reaction of sulphuric acid …
Phylum Arthropoda, Subphylum Trilobitomorpha: Trilobites, Anthony J. Wright, Roger A. Cooper
Phylum Arthropoda, Subphylum Trilobitomorpha: Trilobites, Anthony J. Wright, Roger A. Cooper
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
This volume is the second of three that provide a complete review and inventory of New Zealand's entire living and fossil biodiversity - an international effort involving more than 220 New Zealand and overseas specialists and the most comprehensive of its kind in the world. Together, the three volumes will list every one of the almost 55,000 known species of New Zealand's animals, plants, fungi and micro-organisms. Volume 2 mostly deals with the major branch of the animal kingdom known as Ecdysozoa (moulting animals), which includes arachnids, centipedes and millipedes, crustaceans and insects. It also includes the enigmatic phylum Chaetognatha …
Soils Of Low Elevation Coral Structures, John Morrison
Soils Of Low Elevation Coral Structures, John Morrison
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
The small islands of the South Pacific region, like many other parts of the world, arc (~\I\j riencing population growth and, more particularly, the movement of people into )11,1I1!1 urban centres. Most Pacific cities, especially the capitals of regional countries, arc locili ",I in naturally protected coastal waterways. This is a historical situation, arising from III,' need to provide protected deep-water harbours for ships, the main form of internaliol\,d travel and trade. These waters are protected by offshore barrier reefs, by islands or by ril(,1 ine deltas. However, these protective mechanisms also have the effect of limiting mix!II): of near-shore …