Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Health And Development Of Children Born After Assisted Reproductive Technology And Sub-Fertility Compared To Naturally Conceived Children: Data From A National Study, Alastair G. Sutcliffe, Edward Melhuish, Jacqueline Barnes, Julian Gardiner

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

In a non-matched case-control study using data from two large national cohort studies, we investigated whether indicators of child health and development up to 7 years of age differ between children conceived using assisted reproductive technology (ART), children born after sub-fertility (more than 24 months of trying for conception) and other children. Information on ART use/sub-fertility was available for 23,649 children. There were 227 cases (children conceived through ART) and two control groups: 783 children born to sub-fertile couples, and 22,639 children born to couples with no fertility issues. In models adjusted for social and demographic factors there were significant …

Young And Misunderstood In The Education System: A Case Study Of Giftedness And Specific Learning Disabilities, Catherine M. Wormald, Wilma Vialle, Karen B. Rogers

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

An academically child who is gifted with learning disabilities is not readily recognised within the education system as demonstrating such contradictory traits. While there is a growing body of literature on such twice-exceptional children, effective means of identification and educational interventions still lags behind. To understand how this situation impacts individuals, an intensive case study of a young man, Thomas, with both gifts and learning disabilities was undertaken. Outstanding knowledge but an inability to demonstrate and express that knowledge meant frustration for Thomas. As a consequence, his disability meant that he manifested as a student with behavioural issues in the …

Implementing A Whole Of School Approach For Students With Asd: A Pilot Study, Amanda A. Webster

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Presentation made at The Aspect Autism in Education Conference, 31 July - 1 August 2014, Sydney, Australia

Development Of An Exposure Control Plan For Diesel Particulate Matter: A Case Study In An Underground Metalliferous Mine, Fouad Rizk, Jane L. Whitelaw

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Abstract presented at the 32nd Annual Conference & Exhibition of the Australian Institute of Occupational Hygienists Inc, 29 November - 3 December 2014, Melbourne, Australia.

'Treats', 'Sometimes Foods', 'Junk': A Qualitative Study Exploring 'Extra Foods' With Parents Of Young Children, Nicholas A. Petrunoff, Rachel L. Wilkenfeld, Lesley King, Victoria Flood

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Objective The present study investigated parents' understanding and approaches to providing energy-dense and nutrient-poor 'extra foods' to pre-school children and explored variation between parents of low and high socio-economic status in relation to these issues. Design We conducted thirteen focus groups. Data were subject to framework analysis. Setting Child-care centres in distinctly socially disadvantaged and socially advantaged areas. Subjects Eighty-eight parents of children aged 3-5 years. Results The three most common terms parents identified to describe foods that are not 'everyday foods' were 'treats', 'sometimes foods' and 'junk'. Parents' perceptions regarding what influences them in providing food to their children …

An Fmri Study Exploring Cognitive Processing During Computer - Based Discovery Learning, Barney Dalgarno, Gregor Kennedy, Sue Bennett

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Discovery-based learning designs incorporating active exploration are common within computer-based instructional simulations, supported by constructivist theories of learning focussing on active individual knowledge construction. On the other hand, researchers have highlighted empirical evidence showing that ‘pure’ discovery learning is of limited value and that combinations of explicit instruction and guided discovery learning are more effective. Little is known, however, about differences in the cognitive processing that occurs when a learner undertakes active discovery learning using a computer-based simulation compared to when they are guided through observation of simulation output. A better understanding of the cognitive processing occurring when learners interact …

Effects Of Problem Solving After Worked Example Study On Primary School Children's Monitoring Accuracy, Martine Baars, Tamara Van Gog, Anique De Bruin, Fred Paas

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Research on expository text has shown that the accuracy of students' judgments of learning (JOLs) can be improved by instructional interventions that allow students to test their knowledge of the text. The present study extends this research, investigating whether allowing students to test the knowledge they acquired from studying a worked example by means of solving an identical problem, either immediately or delayed, would enhance JOL accuracy. Fifth grade children (i) gave an immediate JOL, (ii) a delayed JOL, (iii) solved a problem immediately and then gave a JOL, (iv) solved a problem immediately and gave a delayed JOL, or …

Development Of An Evidence-Based Framework To Support Knowledge Translation Within The Australian Dementia Training And Study Program, Lyn Phillipson, Richard Fleming, E Beattie, M Winbolt, Samantha Reis

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Abstract presented at the National Dementia Research Forum 2014, 19 September 2014, Sydney, Australia

Smoking Cessation In Drug And Alcohol Treatment Settings: A Qualitative Study Of Staff And Client Barriers And Facilitators, Billie Bonevski, Amanda Wilson, Adrian Dunlop, Anthony Shakeshaft, Flora Tzelepis, Scott Walsberger, Michael Farrell, Peter James Kelly, Ashleigh Guillaumier, Eliza Skelton

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Abstract presented at the Australasian Professional Society on Alcohol and other Drugs Conference 2014, 9-12 November 2014, Adelaide, Australia

Preferred Eeg Brain States At Stimulus Onset In A Fixed Interstimulus Interval Equiprobable Auditory Go/Nogo Task: A Definitive Study, Robert Barry, Frances M. De Blasio, Vilfredo De Pascalis, Diana Karamacoska

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This study examined the occurrence of preferred EEG phase states at stimulus onset in an equiprobable auditory Go/NoGo task with a fixed interstimulus interval, and their effects on the resultant event-related potentials (ERPs). We used a sliding short-time FFT decomposition of the EEG at Cz for each trial to assess prestimulus EEG activity in the delta, theta, alpha and beta bands. We determined the phase of each 2. Hz narrow-band contributing to these four broad bands at 125. ms before each stimulus onset, and for the first time, avoided contamination from poststimulus EEG activity. This phase value was extrapolated 125. …

Do Low-Income Neighbourhoods Have The Least Green Space? A Cross-Sectional Study Of Australia's Most Populous Cities, Thomas Astell-Burt, Xiaoqi Feng, Suzanne Mavoa, Hannah M. Badland, Billie Giles-Corti

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background

An inequitable distribution of parks and other ‘green spaces’ could exacerbate health inequalities if people on lower incomes, who are already at greater risk of preventable diseases, have poorer access.

Methods

The availability of green space within 1 kilometre of a Statistical Area 1 (SA1) was linked to data from the 2011 Australian census for Sydney (n = 4.6 M residents); Melbourne (n = 4.2 M); Brisbane (n = 2.2 M); Perth (n = 1.8 M); and Adelaide (n = 1.3 M). Socioeconomic circumstances were measured via the percentage population of each SA1 living on < $21,000 per annum. Negative binomial and logit regression models were used to investigate association between the availability of green space in relation to neighbourhood socioeconomic circumstances, adjusting for city and population density.

Results

Green space availability …

Cohort Protocol Paper: The Pain And Opioids In Treatment (Point) Study, Gabrielle Campbell, Richard P. Mattick, Raimondo Bruno, Briony K. Larance, Suzanne Nielsen, Milton Cohen, Nicholas Lintzeris, Fiona Shand, Wayne Hall, Bianca Hoban, Chyanne Kehler, Michael P. Farrell, Louisa Degenhardt

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background Internationally, there is concern about the increased prescribing of pharmaceutical opioids for chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP). In part, this is related to limited knowledge about the long-term benefits and outcomes of opioid use for CNCP. There has also been increased injection of some pharmaceutical opioids by people who inject drugs, and for some patients, the development of problematic and/or dependent use. To date, much of the research on the use of pharmaceutical opioids among people with CNCP, have been clinical trials that have excluded patients with complex needs, and have been of limited duration (i.e. fewer than 12 weeks). …

Patients' Perspectives On The Impact Of A New Copd Diagnosis In The Face Of Multimorbidity: A Qualitative Study, Sameera Ansari, Hassan Hosseinzadeh, Sarah Dennis, Nicholas Arnold Zwar

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, often occurs in the presence of comorbidities, which may influence experience and management of the disease. No prior research seems to have gained perspectives of newly diagnosed primary care COPD patients in the context of multimorbidity. Aims: This qualitative study aimed to explore the impact of a new diagnosis of COPD in the context of multimorbidity and also sought to gain a better understanding of how patients react to the diagnosis and incorporate it into their lives. Methods: Participants were identified from a cohort of primary …

A Longitudinal Examination Of The Outcomes For Gifted Students In The Wollongong Youth Study, Wilma Vialle, Steven J. Howard

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Abstract presented at the 14th International ECHA Conference, 17-20 September, Ljubljana, Slovenia

Parents And Adolescents Discuss Gambling Advertising: A Qualitative Study, Samantha L. Thomas

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The study specifically aimed to explore:

1. How socio-cultural factors may influence the meanings individuals construct about gambling.

2. How different audience segments (in this case parents and their children) interpret messages about different types of advertisements in different ways.

3. How the framing of messages about gambling may influence perceptions about the risks and benefits associated with different types of gambling products and services.

The specific objectives of the study were to:

1. Provide detailed qualitative information about how different audience segments interpret the messages they see in gambling advertisements.

2. Strengthen understandings about how different gambling advertising strategies …