Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Book Review: Eisenhower And The Management Of Prosperity By John W. Sloan, Ann Mari May

Department of Economics: Faculty Publications

Twenty-five years ago, Dwight Eisenhower was often depicted as a president with no great competence nor interest in economics or domestic policy issues. However, as those interested in presidential studies know, Eisenhower has been posthumously rehabilitated.

The revisionist literature on Eisenhower is now becoming complete, and John Sloan's book Eisenhower and the Management of Prosperity reflects this revisionism by examining economic policy formation in the 1950s. In Sloan's book, we see an Eisenhower who was not only competent in economics, but was also very aware of the political ramifications of economic policy. We also see in Eisenhower's leadership style a …

Changes In Extension Educators' Perceptions Of Job Dimensions And Job Satisfaction Following Organizational Restructuring, John W. Furgason

Department of Agricultural Leadership, Education and Communication: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Scholarship

The literature provides ample evidence that state Extension programs across the country are introducing new or modified program development approaches and reorganized work units as they attempt to remain responsive to the public's educational needs. Implementation of such innovations, in many instances, represents change in Extension agent roles and responsibilities which could be characterized as a redesign of Extension work. Research on the effects of job redesign has consistently found evidence that workers' perceptions of certain core dimensions or characteristics of their jobs influence their satisfaction with that job. Given the changing organizational climate within Extension and the findings of …

Lecture Vs. Discussion In Teaching Biology For Tenth Grade Students In Saudi Arabia, Sultana Kaseem Ai-Faleh

Department of Agricultural Leadership, Education and Communication: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Scholarship

The primary purpose of this study was to determine if there were any significant differences between lecture and discussion methods with regard to students' learning achievement. There were three null hypotheses addressed by this study. Null hypothesis I was: there was no significant difference in the students' learning achievement with respect to either lecture or discussion methods. Null hypothesis II was: there was no significant difference between the students' pre-test scores and post-test scores. Null hypothesis III was: there were no differences in the students satisfaction with respect to the two teaching methods. Three teachers and 151 students in six …

Editors And Journalism Schools, Will Norton Jr., Michael Stricklin

College of Journalism and Mass Communications: Faculty Publications

There are distinct differences in how editors of community newspapers and editors of metropolitan newspapers view journalism preparation.

Editors of newspapers with circulations of fewer than 10,000 place significantly more emphasis on journalism coursework, career planning, newspaper economics and knowledge of the local community than do editors of larger newspapers.

Editors of newspapers with circulations greater than 10,000 place more emphasis on background in the liberal arts and previous newspaper experience than do editors of smaller newspapers.

These findings are the result of answers to a questionnaire mailed a few months ago to more than 1,600 daily newspaper editors throughout …

Two Comparisons Of Rural Public Television Viewers And Nonviewers In, Will Norton Jr., John W. Windhauser, Susan Langdon Norton

College of Journalism and Mass Communications: Faculty Publications

A study of public television viewers in Oxford, Mississippi, in 1977 and 1989 found both consistency and differences in viewing patterns. In both periods, viewers watched television in general about six hours a day. But viewers of all education levels were much more likely to watch public television in 1989 than in 1977, when watchers tended to be those with higher levels of education. The amount of time spent watching public television inched up in 1989, and there is evidence that viewers assimilated public television more into their regular viewing. The study concludes that public television appeals to a broader …

Native Americans, The Courts And Water Policy: Is Nothing Sacred?, Peter J. Longo, Chrisitana E. Miewald

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences

Public policy in such areas as the environment is increasingly being shaped by the courts as they resolve conflicts. There is some question whether the courts are able to include in policy decisions those values that are not derived from economic utility. In this article, the values represented by traditional Native American beliefs about nature and particularly water are examined. While Native Americans have won some court battles over water, the judges have usually decided on the basis of contractual and treaty agreements and not on the basis of the preservation of traditional values. Cases arising in the Great Plains …

Tools For Managing Design And Development Of A Twenty-First Century Technology Base, James W. King, Richard Cornell

Department of Agricultural Leadership, Education, and Communication: Faculty Publications

This article describes what is involved in future projections for technology-based learning, and highlights the importance of the management of educational technologies. It looks at various organizational models, as well as models of personal vision.

Agricultural Protection In Developing Countries, Lilyan E. Fulginiti, Richard K. Perrin

Department of Agricultural Economics: Faculty Publications

The present paper explores why farmers are taxed in poor countries and subsidized in rich countries. Using the economic theory of contests to come to an understanding of the incentives for agricultural protectionism, we first sketch a framework for an excludable and rivalrous rent. We then apply this framework to agricultural protectionism in developing countries.

Great Plains Research News And Notes - Vol. 2, No. 2, 1992

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences

Contents:

Conferences

Call for papers

Review Of The Bats Of Texas By David J. Schmidley, Patricia W. Freeman

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences

There are few "Bats of” books for states because usually there are not that many species located in a particular state and second, we often do not have much information about the bats in a particular place or state. But there has been increasing interest in bats in the last few years stimulated by organizations like Bat Conservation International and publications like Bats of Carlsbad Caverns, both of which have high quality photographs of bats. The Carlsbad publication has particularly spectacular pictures of bats in flight.

Great Plains Research Contents - Vol. 2, No. 2, 1992

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences

Table of Contents

Career Differentiation: The Legal Community In Lincoln, Nebraska 1880-1891, Andrew Koszewski

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences

The development of a legal community in late nineteenth-century Lincoln, Nebraska, offers an opportunity to examine career differentiation. Relying upon census and Lincoln city directories, the data analysis reveals similar patterns to previous research on the legal profession and some significant differences. Lincoln attorneys usually came from middle or lower classes backgrounds, seldom graduated from college, relocated to Nebraska from midwestern states, practiced alone, joined numerous fraternal organizations, became involved in politics, and were overwhelmingly Republicans.

Great Plains Research Annual Index - Vol. 2, No. 2, 1992

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences

No abstract provided.

The Popper Proposals For The Great Plains: A View From The Canadian Prairies, Alec H. Paul

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences

The Popper thesis, that large parts of the U.S. Great Plains are best suited to their pre-settlement role of "buffalo commons" and should be returned to that state, might also be applied to portions of the Canadian prairies north of the 49th parallel. The Canadian Dry Belt, often referred to as the Palliser Triangle, has suffered drought and environmental degradation similar to the U. S. Great Plains. Rural depopulation began in the 1920s, and in the 1930s the region became known as the Canadian Dustbowl. As early as the 1920s, some farmers had begun to work together to develop land-use …

Landscape Ecology Of Hedgerows And Fencerows In Panama Township, Lancaster County, Nebraska, Richard K. Sutton

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences

This study investigated woody plant composition, structure, and biomass of hedgerows and fencerows, and for effects between human attitudes and management practices; Fencerows arise as narrow strips of woody and herbaceous plants at field margins and property boundaries. Hedgerows grow from intentional linear plantings. Exotic species were more important in fencerow composition. Hackberry, Missouri gooseberry, American plum, and white mulberry readily inhabited both fencerows and hedgerows. Woody plants exhibited clumped distribution in both hedgerows and fencerows. A moisture gradient emerged as a factor in distribution of species. Management caused a significant difference in species richness and biomass in both hedgerows …

Great Plains Research Introduction - Vol. 2, No. 2, 1992, Paul A. Kay

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences

Most Americans possess an image of the Great Plains derived, I suspect, from a high-speed window. The interstate highways, those great passing through routes, provide constricted views; I-80, for example, trapped in the Platte River Valley across much of Nebraska, leads one to think of the Plains as flat. The image from 30,000-plus feet is no less informative, to the untrained observer, of the web of life below; even the giant circles of the center pivots bespeak large empty spaces. Neither viewing platform is sufficient to reveal the intricacies of the Plains, let alone the concerns of those who live …

Review Of Contemporary Federal Policy Toward American Indians By Emma R. Gross, Beth R. Ritter

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences

This book is a public policy study detailing the various factors which culminated in pro-Indian federal policy and legislation during the 1970s. The author's primary thesis is to suggest the 1970s represented a marked departure from previous federal Indian policy and legislation in that Native Americans themselves were well-represented in the democratic process impacting favorable federal decision-making.

A Daring Proposal For Dealing With An Inevitable Disaster? A Review Of The Buffalo Commons Proposal, Karen De Bres, Mark Guizlo

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences

In December 1987, "The Great Plains: From Dust to Dust, a Daring Proposal for Dealing With an Inevitable Disaster," by Frank and Deborah Popper appeared in Planning, a journal of the American Planning Association. While many alternatives have been suggested to solve the environmental, social, and economic problems of the region, the Poppers' Buffalo Commons thesis quickly made regional and national headlines. Since 1987, the Poppers, while writing and speaking on this topic at length, have failed to substantiate many of their arguments. Meanwhile, their somewhat facile assumptions have attracted a wide and sometimes favorable audience. This paper contains three …

Population Change In The High Plains Ogallala Region: 1980-1990, Stephen E. White

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences

This study explores the role of groundwater exploitation on population change in the High Plains Ogallala region. Results from several multiple regression analyses are examined to assess the relationship between 1980-1990 population changes in 184 counties with the dominance of irrigated agriculture, change in irrigated acreage, historical population change, farm size change, population density, urbanization, and the level of agricultural employment.

Change in irrigated acreage is significantly associated with population change for Nebraska and for the 90 counties that have an urban place. However, the more important factors are the degree of urbanization among the urban counties and long term …

A Chromosome Study Of Blue Grama (Bouteloua Gracilis) In Northern Colorado, T. Tsuchiya, W. Mcginnies, A. Shahla

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences

Chromosomes were studied in somatic cells of 60 plants of blue grama, Bouteloua gracilis (Willd. ex Kunth) Lag ex Griffiths, collected from a 7-hectare field of native range at the Central Plains Experiment Range (CPER), Nunn, Colorado, to determine chromosome constitution in relation to the plant characteristics. Somatic chromosomes were studied in root tips collected from vigorously growing plants in the greenhouse. Acetocarmine squash method was used to make slide preparation. The majority of the plants were 2n =40. However, three plants were 2n=50 and two were 2n=60. The pentaploid plants (2n =50) were recorded for the first time in …

Withholding Payment On Otoe-Missouria Reservation Lands, Daniel W. Overton

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences

In 1883 the U.S. General Land Office conducted the sale of the eastern remnant of the Big Blue reservation in Nebraska and Kansas for the benefit of its owners, the Otoe-Missouria Indians. The property sold for an average of $12.22 an acre. It was the highest per-acre price ever offered for Indian lands on the Central and Northern Great Plains. Before the first year of white settlement had come to an end, however, many landholders began to petition federal authorities for payment-time extensions and, eventually, debt reductions. They argued that they had been "forced" to pay more for their lands …

Review Of Sociobiology And The Social Sciences By Robert W. Bell And Nancy J. Bell, David R. Johnson

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences

The application of evolutionary theory of inclusive fitness to understanding human social behavior has seen a recent resurgence in anthropology, psychology, and sociology. While sociobiological theory and research are still incipient In these disciplines, the perspective has received enough attention to warrant all social scientists becoming more acquainted with the theory and methods of the practicing sociobiologist. The title and modest size of this book (only 130 pages) suggest that it might serve well for this purpose. It contains seven original papers by practicing sociobiologists written for an audience not well versed in the evolutionary model. While terms are carefully …

Review Of Aquatic Invertebrates Of Alberta By Hugh F. Clifford, Paul B. Kannowski

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences

Alberta is a province with diverse geography, climate, and ecology. Encompassing level prairies, gently sloping hills, and the high mountains of the eastern slope of the Rockies, it provides outstanding scenery as well as productive farming and extensive mineral production. Its variable climate provides short, hot summers and long, cold winters. A relatively high level of rainfall (and snowfall) provides an abundance of running and standing water habitats, including four major rivers (Milk, Saskatchewan, Athabasca, and Peace), two large lakes (Athabasca and Lesser Slave), and many smaller lakes and prairie potholes. This physical diversity has provided environmental features that enable …

Review Of Gaining Access: Congress And The Farm Lobby, 1919-1981 By John Mark Hansen, Jim Kendrick

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences

This work explores the impact that interest groups have on influencing national agricultural legislation, and thus, U.S. agricultural policy. The term "interest groups" implies the entire gambit ofthose who desire to, or actually do, have notable impact on the formulation of U.S. agricultural policy. Actually, Hansen confines his analysis (except for the National Milk Producers Federation) to those general farm organizations that were active during the period 1919-1981.

By confining his main analysis to general farm organizations (American Farm Bureau Federation, National Farmers Union, National Farmers Organization, etc.), Hansen misses other major players who also have access to Congress. In …

Review Of Eyewitness At Wounded Knee By Richard E. Jensen, R. Eli Paul, And John E. Carter, Michael L. Tate

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences

In Native American history, no event is more pregnant with symbolism than the confrontation which occurred four days after Christmas in a remote part ofwestern South Dakota. American Indians have since referred to it as the Massacre at Wounded Knee where more than 250 men, women and children were wantonly killed by vengeance-seeking troops of the 7th Cavalry. Other commentators, especially white observers of 1890, called it the Last Battle of the Indian Wars, implying that two armies met in one final conflict to decide the fate ofthe Northern Plains. Today, most scholars follow the interpretations of Robert Utley's masterful …

Review Of Canadian Agricultural Trade-Disputes, Actions And Prospects By G. Lermer And K. K. Klein, Michael Troughton

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences

This book of edited conference papers addresses Canadian agricultural trade in the context of "an era of trade liberalization" which includes the signing of the Canada-U.S. Free Trade Agreement (FTA) and the anticipated conclusion of the Uruguay Round of the GATT negotiations, both of which receive considerable attention. The book's 13 chapters are divided into three sections; the first describes the context of agricultural trade dispute, with emphasis on the mechanics of resolution in the FTA and GATT; the second examines some specific trade actions, with the emphasis on disputes over dumping and which resulted in applications of countervailing duties; …

Review Of Drought And Natural Resources Management In The United States: Impacts And Implications Of The 1987-89 Drought By William E. Riebsame, Stanley A Changnon, Jr., And Thomas R. Karl, Steven J. Meyer

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences

This effort by Riebsame, Changnon, and Karl is a well-written, well organized examination of the 1987-89 drought from both a scientific and sociological perspective. Through their investigation of society's and government's handling of this drought event, the authors make a strong case that "despite a decade of growing interest in the social and economic impacts of climate fluctuations ... the nation remains ill-prepared to cope with unusual climate conditions."

In the first chapter, Riebsame et al. briefly present how past droughts have impacted the U.S. and how society/government has typically managed (or mismanaged) those past drought events. They also present …

Review Of An Ecological History Of Agriculture, 10,000 B.C.- A.D. 10,000 By Daniel E. Vasey, Donald M. Edwards

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences

Population, environment, and energy are used as three significant determinants of agricultural systems. An Ecological History of Agriculture covers the span of time from the first known managed agriculture to an uncertain future. In a systematic manner, the author moves through chapters from the origins of agriculture to the future, covering topics along the span of time of the origins of agriculture, preindustrial agriculture, pastoralism, industrial agriculture, the present state of agriculture, and the future for agriculture. Interwoven is a global coverage of the influence of population, environment, and energy on agricultural systems as impacting ecosystems of the tropics, dry …

Review Of Cheyenne Bottoms: Wetland In Jeopardy By John L. Zimmerman, John Janovy

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences

The Cheyenne Bottoms, Barton County, Kansas, has long been hallowed ground for birders and scientists as well as hunters. The dikes let one drive slowly through the marshes, scanning the flats for favorite sandpiper species and experiencing first hand the isolation of the central Kansas prairies. John Zimmerman, professor of biology at Kansas State University, had captured the Cheyenne Bottoms aura in eloquent prose, giving us a taste of wetlands natural history, while bringing to life the political and economic conflicts surrounding Arkansas River, and Walnut Creek, water. In many ways, the Cheyenne Bottoms case is a modern archetypical prairie …

An Evaluation Of The Endocrine Response To Dystocia In The Primiparous Cow And Calf, Glenda M. Borcher

Department of Agricultural Leadership, Education and Communication: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Scholarship

Parturition is a very stressful event for both the cow and the calf. Endocrine changes occur which typically enable to calf to make the transition from a uterine to a gaseous environment. These endocrine changes are basic stress responses, necessary for an organism to maintain homeostasis. They include surges in catecholamine and cortisol secretion and changes in T3 secretion in response to temperature changes. It is well established that the stress response, if

prolonged, can become detrimental. Prolonged stress can result in muscle wasting, immune impairment and gastrointestinal ulceration. If parturition is delayed or particularly stressful due to environmental factors …