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Articles 1 - 30 of 41
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Disruption To Ems Service During Flood Scenarios In Western North Carolina, Julia Cardwell
Disruption To Ems Service During Flood Scenarios In Western North Carolina, Julia Cardwell
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
Given that the intensity and frequency of flood events will increase under climate change scenarios, the ability to model potential impacts, such as those to healthcare access, will become increasingly important. This study analyzes EMS response time under both a historical (Tropical Storm Fred in August 2021) and a modeled flood event (FEMA’s 100-yr floodplain) in western North Carolina, a predominantly rural area. The results indicate that network disruption during flood events is a concern in the study area, and while the historical event produced moderate disruption, the 100-yr event produced major disruptions throughout the study area. This research emphasizes …
Bridging The Divide: Connecting Urban And Rural Care Through The Right! From The Start Initiative, Tess Lefmann, Sannie Snell, Mobolaji E. Famuyide, Sushmitha Inguva, John J. Green
Bridging The Divide: Connecting Urban And Rural Care Through The Right! From The Start Initiative, Tess Lefmann, Sannie Snell, Mobolaji E. Famuyide, Sushmitha Inguva, John J. Green
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
Disparities in health and barriers to healthcare are prominent in rural areas, particularly in the Delta region of Mississippi where high rates of premature births, infant mortality, low weight births, and maternal mortality exacerbate the dearth of access to care. Extending the reach of healthcare providers and services between urban and rural areas is of utmost importance in improving the landscape of maternal and child health. Community health workers (CHWs), trusted individuals in the community, play a valuable role in this through social support. This research note delineates the importance of community health workers as connectors in establishing a trusted …
Hiv And Housing Insecurity In Louisiana, Hui-Peng Liew, Leslie E. Green
Hiv And Housing Insecurity In Louisiana, Hui-Peng Liew, Leslie E. Green
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
This study sought to assign the parishes in Louisiana into distinctive spatial-temporal clusters based on their trends in HIV prevalence and percentages of households with severe housing problems and to assess the parish’s resilience and susceptibility to HIV infection given its pre- existing sociodemographic conditions. Results revealed that trends in the HIV prevalence rates and percentages of households with severe housing problems differed across the five distinct spatial-temporal clusters. The percentage of households with severe housing problems and the percentage of non-Hispanic Black population were positively associated with the HIV prevalence rate while the reverse was true for the percentage …
Preventive Behaviors Along The Rural-Urban Continuum In Utah During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Jessica D. Ulrich-Schad, Jennifer E. Givens, Mitchell Beacham
Preventive Behaviors Along The Rural-Urban Continuum In Utah During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Jessica D. Ulrich-Schad, Jennifer E. Givens, Mitchell Beacham
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
Rural individuals and places face major vulnerabilities in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic, yet how and why rural residents adopted preventive behaviors as a result is not well understood. Using cross-sectional data from an online panel survey of Utahans along the rural-urban continuum collected in June of 2020, we find that, overall, rural Utahans were less likely than their more urban counterparts to adopt preventive behaviors. Those who perceived less risk, knew someone sick with COVID-19, thought former President Trump was doing a good job handling the pandemic, had false optimism about the pandemic, had less formal education, and belonged …
Rural-Urban And Within-Rural Differences In Covid-19 Mortality Rates, Yue Sun, Kent Jason G. Cheng, Shannon M. Monnat
Rural-Urban And Within-Rural Differences In Covid-19 Mortality Rates, Yue Sun, Kent Jason G. Cheng, Shannon M. Monnat
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
Since late-2020, COVID-19 mortality rates have been higher in rural than in urban America, but there has also been substantial within-rural heterogeneity. Using CDC data, we compare COVID-19 mortality rates across the rural-urban continuum as well as within rural counties across different types of labor markets and by metropolitan adjacency. As of October 1, 2021, the cumulative COVID-19 mortality rate was 247.0 per 100,000 population in rural counties compared to 200.7 in urban counties. Higher COVID-19 mortality rates in rural counties are explained by lower average educational attainment and lower median household income. Within rural counties, mortality rates have been …
Space, Place, And Covid-19: Introduction To The Special Issue, Vanessa Parks, Ronald E. Cossman, John J. Green
Space, Place, And Covid-19: Introduction To The Special Issue, Vanessa Parks, Ronald E. Cossman, John J. Green
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
The COVID-19 pandemic alerted the U.S. populace to spatial patterns of health outcomes. Trusted sources of information such as the Johns Hopkins University and The New York Times mapped COVID-19 indicators at the county-level, bringing widespread attention to the timing and clustering of case rates, mortality, and vaccine uptake. The severity of the pandemic has motivated the research community to share data and conduct analyses to illuminate and project trends that would be useful for healthcare providers and policy makers in their communities. This special issue of the Journal of Rural Social Sciences explores the roles space and place have …
Population Aging And Healthcare Costs In China And Japan, Sean Brown
Population Aging And Healthcare Costs In China And Japan, Sean Brown
Honors Theses
This study focuses on the natural demographic phenomenon known as population aging and its intersection with healthcare expenditures. Healthcare spending can be a major burden on a country’s economy, so it is important to accurately assess the connection between these two factors. Population aging occurs when countries reach a point in their demographic transitions characterized by declining total fertility rates and high life expectancy. This natural but undesirable position has implications for virtually all aspects of society, and all countries are trending towards aging. This study examines the cases of China and Japan in an effort to assess the validity …
Racial, Ethnic, And Urban/Rural Differences In Transitions Into Diabetes: Evidence From The Health And Retirement Survey Biomarker And Self-Reported Data, Hyeran Chung, Mary Arends-Kuenning
Racial, Ethnic, And Urban/Rural Differences In Transitions Into Diabetes: Evidence From The Health And Retirement Survey Biomarker And Self-Reported Data, Hyeran Chung, Mary Arends-Kuenning
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
We examine differences in transitions between stages of type 2 diabetes across racial, ethnic, and urban/rural statuses. The individual-level data from the 2006 to 2012 waves of the Health and Retirement Survey (HRS) and county-level data from the 1990-2000 U.S. Censuses, the Dartmouth Atlas of Health Care, and the Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research are used to analyze the transition from the stage of prediabetic to diabetic, and the transition from having no diabetes to being prediabetic and diabetic. The HRS includes both biomarker data and self- reported doctors’ diagnoses of diabetes, which allow us to identify people …
Exploring Rural-Urban Differences In Polygenic Associations For Health Among Older Adults In The United States, Trent Davidson, Jason D. Boardman, Lori M. Hunter
Exploring Rural-Urban Differences In Polygenic Associations For Health Among Older Adults In The United States, Trent Davidson, Jason D. Boardman, Lori M. Hunter
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
A complex combination of genes and environment influence health and, as a result, both genes and environment can play a role in shaping health disparities. We consider distinctions in these influences across rural and urban settings, expanding upon work that shows lower genetic associations in rural compared to urban places by studying an older age group and examining more than the typical outcomes of alcohol/substance abuse. Using a sample of 14,994 adults from the 1992 through 2016 waves of the Health andRetirement Study, our results suggest genetic associations for BMI and heart conditions are significantly lower in rural compared to …
Socio-Spatial Disparities In County-Level Availability Of Aging And Disability Services Organizations, Claire Pendergrast, Danielle Rhubart
Socio-Spatial Disparities In County-Level Availability Of Aging And Disability Services Organizations, Claire Pendergrast, Danielle Rhubart
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
Aging and disability services are essential for supporting older adults in living independently in their homes and communities as they age. Applying theoretical perspectives of community gerontology and spatial inequality, we use county-level data (N=3142) from the National Neighborhood Data Archive (NaNDA) and the American Community Survey to explore if and how availability of aging and disability services organizations varies across the rural-urban continuum and across compositional characteristics of counties. Results show that rural counties are significantly more likely to be aging and disability services deserts. Stratified models show that poverty rates and relative shares of non-Hispanic Blacks are positively …
Support From Adult Children And Parental Health In Rural America, Shelley Clark, Elizabeth M. Lawrence, Shannon M. Monnat
Support From Adult Children And Parental Health In Rural America, Shelley Clark, Elizabeth M. Lawrence, Shannon M. Monnat
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
Adult children are a primary source of care for their aging parents. Parents in rural areas, however, live further from their adult children than parents in urban areas, potentially limiting the support they receive and compromising their health and ability to age in place. We use two waves of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (2013 and 2017) to investigate the relationships among geographic proximity, adult children’s instrumental and financial support, and parental health. Rural parents live further from their adult children and receive less financial support, but they are more likely to receive instrumental assistance. In addition, rural parents …
Rural Population Health And Aging: Introduction To The Special Issue, John J. Green, Shannon M. Monnat, Leif Jensen, Lori Hunter, Martin Sliwinski
Rural Population Health And Aging: Introduction To The Special Issue, John J. Green, Shannon M. Monnat, Leif Jensen, Lori Hunter, Martin Sliwinski
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
This special issue of the Journal of Rural Social Sciences (JRSS) focuses on rural population health and aging. It showcases the work of scholars from several backgrounds and social science disciplines to advance knowledge in a critical field of investigation. Assembled through an open call for submissions coordinated through the National Institute on Aging (NIA) funded Interdisciplinary Network on Rural Population Health and Aging (INRPHA), the collection of articles helps inform a more nuanced understanding of the factors associated with rural places, which often have different health outcomes and aging patterns than their urban counterparts. The authors achieve this through …
Notes From The Editorial Office (Volume 36, Issue 2), John J. Green
Notes From The Editorial Office (Volume 36, Issue 2), John J. Green
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
With volume 36, issue 2 of the Journal of Rural Social Sciences (JRSS), we are pleased to share two recent Presidential Addresses from the Southern Rural Sociological Association (SRSA), originally presented at SRSA annual conferences held in 2020 and 2021. Dr. Jin Young Choi (Sam Houston State University) spoke at the February 2020 conference held in Lexington, Kentucky, and Dr. David Nii O. Tackie (Tuskegee University) presented during the February 2021 virtual conference.
An Examination Of Poverty: Dimensions, Causes, And Solutions, David Nii O. Tackie
An Examination Of Poverty: Dimensions, Causes, And Solutions, David Nii O. Tackie
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
This article, based on the 2021 Southern Rural Sociological Association (SRSA) Presidential Address, assesses the dimensions, causes of, and solutions to poverty. It finds that the definition of poverty varies based on the criteria used, and even by which agency or institution is defining it. It also finds that poverty indices vary by state and by county. For instance, in selected SRSA states, Virginia has the lowest poverty rate and Mississippi has the highest poverty rate. There are several causes of poverty, some of which are lower levels of education, lower levels of health, unemployment, lack of livable wages, and …
Migration, Marginalization, And Institutional Injustice In The Rural South, Jin Young Choi
Migration, Marginalization, And Institutional Injustice In The Rural South, Jin Young Choi
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
At the new beginning of the next 50 years of the Southern Rural Sociological Association (SRSA), the SRSA Presidential Address calls for attention to the issues that rural immigrants have faced – the everyday experiences of international migrants, their marginalization, and institutional injustice in rural America, particularly in the rural South. These issues have often been ignored or downplayed in the larger dialogue on rural issues and in the public debates about immigration policy, even though these social problems have been a perennial issue. Rural social scientists are challenged to be organic intellectuals who do not hide in the ivory …
Notes From The Editorial Office (Volume 36, Issue 1), John J. Green
Notes From The Editorial Office (Volume 36, Issue 1), John J. Green
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
We are excited to share this collection of articles in Volume 36, issue 1 of the Journal of Rural Social Sciences (JRSS).
Research Trends In Amish Population Health, A Growing Literature About A Growing Rural Population, Cory Anderson, Lindsey Potts
Research Trends In Amish Population Health, A Growing Literature About A Growing Rural Population, Cory Anderson, Lindsey Potts
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
The Amish are an endogamous rural population experiencing rapid growth; consequently, they have attracted the attention of population health researchers and service providers. With approximately one quarter of all Amish studies publications now devoted to population health (n=246), the time is ripe to review research trends. Using bibliometric measures, we map the genealogy, influence, and configuration of Amish health publications. Amish population health research has (1) a health culture-focused core with clusters representing social science and health practice, (2) peripheral clusters addressing health conditions–mental, physical, and injury/safety–and (3) several clusters straddling both. We identify fruitful interdisciplinary studies and recommend researchers …
State Of Mississippi And Counties Population Components Of Change, 2020, Jamiko Deleveaux
State Of Mississippi And Counties Population Components Of Change, 2020, Jamiko Deleveaux
Population Briefs
The U.S. Census Bureau released the 2020 Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Counties and County Equivalents in the United States. This annual vintage release of Mississippi’s 82 counties and county equivalents population estimates follows the release of the 2020 Census national and state total populations. The data used to compile the population estimates come from various sources such as the previous decennial census, vital records (births and deaths), and the Internal Revenue Service.
Economic Change, The Death Of The Coal Industry, And Migration Intentions In Rural Colorado, Usa, Adam Mayer
Economic Change, The Death Of The Coal Industry, And Migration Intentions In Rural Colorado, Usa, Adam Mayer
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
Significant portions of the rural U.S. are struggling with out-migration and subsequent population loss. The U.S. energy system is also undergoing a very fundamental transition with the marked decline of the coal industry and the growth of natural gas and renewables. Although the collapse of coal holds many benefits in terms of public health and environmental quality, it could exacerbate problems of population loss. In this analysis, we evaluate how the pending collapse of the coal industry in western Colorado could influence migration intentions using survey data. We find that the decline of the coal industry likely has no substantive …
An Interdisciplinary Approach To Community-Engaged Research Surrounding Lead In Drinking Water In The Mississippi Delta, Kristine L. Willett, Stephanie E. Showalter, Catherine M. Janasie, Josephine P. Rhymes, Kennedy Dickson, John J. Green
An Interdisciplinary Approach To Community-Engaged Research Surrounding Lead In Drinking Water In The Mississippi Delta, Kristine L. Willett, Stephanie E. Showalter, Catherine M. Janasie, Josephine P. Rhymes, Kennedy Dickson, John J. Green
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
Childhood lead poisoning is a problem requiring interdisciplinary attention from toxicology, public health, social sciences, environmental law, and policy. In the U.S., Mississippi was ranked as one of the worst states for lead poisoning with limited childhood screening measures. We conducted community-engaged research by working with leaders in the largely rural Mississippi Delta region from 2016-2019 to collect household water samples and questionnaires and involve their communities in lead poisoning risk awareness and outreach. Drinking water from 213 homes was collected and analyzed for pH and lead concentrations. Highest lead concentrations were from households served by private wells, and detectable …
Evaluating The Impact Of Governmental Partners On School Nutrition And Physical Activity Policies: A Survey Of Florida School Principals, Michael J. Swain, Glenn D. Israel
Evaluating The Impact Of Governmental Partners On School Nutrition And Physical Activity Policies: A Survey Of Florida School Principals, Michael J. Swain, Glenn D. Israel
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
For decades, U.S. schools have implemented policies aimed at improving student nutrition and physical activity. Governmental agencies have led these efforts with funding and regulation, and implementation supported by health and agriculture agencies and university extension services at state and local levels. To understand the roles of these agencies in school health, and other factors leading to the implementation of school health policies, we surveyed school principals in Florida in 2018 on topics related to school nutrition and physical activity policies. Depending on the wellness policy, prevalence varied from 6 percent (Safe Routes to School) to 66 percent (wellness coordinator). …
Notes From The Editorial Office (Volume 35, Issue 2), John J. Green, Elizabeth Young Sweeney
Notes From The Editorial Office (Volume 35, Issue 2), John J. Green, Elizabeth Young Sweeney
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
As the year 2020 draws to a close, we are pleased to share this collection of articles in Volume 35, issue 2 of the Journal of Rural Social Sciences (JRSS). Addressing topics including energy, sustainable agriculture, well-being among aging populations, and survey methods, they showcase the scholarly rural-focused work important for shaping the future.
Does A Web-First Tailored Design Method Work With Rural Populations?, Dylan C. Martinez, Kelly Way, Zola Moon, Timothy Killian, Betsy Garrison
Does A Web-First Tailored Design Method Work With Rural Populations?, Dylan C. Martinez, Kelly Way, Zola Moon, Timothy Killian, Betsy Garrison
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
Considering rural populations are historically difficult to reach, an important component of this research revolves around improving survey techniques in rural areas. To address this issue, a web-first Tailored Design Method (TDM), utilizing a mixed-mode of internet and postal mail surveys, was adapted to research the quality of life experienced by rural families. Aided by the Iowa State University Center for Survey Statistics and Methodology – Survey Research Services, data were collected from 62 rural counties in Arkansas. Socioeconomic-demographic factors were examined regarding survey response mode (i.e. mail vs. web) with some differences found. Logistic regression results demonstrated males were …
Well-Being Among Older Adults In Mississippi: Exploring Differences Between Metropolitan, Micropolitan, And Noncore Rural Settings, Carolyn E. Adams-Price, Joshua J. Turner, Margaret Ralston
Well-Being Among Older Adults In Mississippi: Exploring Differences Between Metropolitan, Micropolitan, And Noncore Rural Settings, Carolyn E. Adams-Price, Joshua J. Turner, Margaret Ralston
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
It is a common belief that older adults in rural areas have high subjective well-being, despite often experiencing greater poverty and having access to fewer resources than older adults who live in urban areas, a phenomenon sometimes referred to as the “rural-urban paradox.” However, research does not consistently find high well-being in rural areas, which might be due to research not distinguishing between very rural and semi-rural (or small town) settings. This study compares the subjective well-being of older adults in micropolitan and noncore counties with the well-being of older adults in metropolitan areas in Mississippi (n = 659). Preliminary …
Southern Rural Sociological Association Statement On The 2020 Census, Southern Rural Sociological Association Officers
Southern Rural Sociological Association Statement On The 2020 Census, Southern Rural Sociological Association Officers
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
The Southern Rural Sociological Association joins the Rural Sociological Society and numerous other organizations in calling for the necessary time to conduct an accurate Census. (This statement was originally released in August 2020 prior to completion of the 2020 Census.)
Explaining Popular Support For Wind Energy In The United States, Jessica Crowe
Explaining Popular Support For Wind Energy In The United States, Jessica Crowe
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
In the last 35 years, wind energy in the United States has transformed from being fringe and experimental to becoming a mainstream, viable, and efficient source of electricity. In this article, we compare wind energy acceptance to acceptance of other energy sources, in particular solar, coal, natural gas, and oil. Through an online survey of 1317 adults throughout the United States, we also examine the impact of individual- level characteristics such as gender, race, age, socio-political factors, and value orientation on a person’s support for renewable energy policy. We find that support for wind energy is higher than for fossil …
Notes From The Editorial Office (Volume 35, Issue 1), John J. Green
Notes From The Editorial Office (Volume 35, Issue 1), John J. Green
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
No abstract provided.
Trust And Discourse: A Case Of Land-Use Conflict In Alachua County, Florida, Anne Saville, Alison Adams
Trust And Discourse: A Case Of Land-Use Conflict In Alachua County, Florida, Anne Saville, Alison Adams
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
Research on natural resources controversies such as land-use conversions has highlighted how stakeholder groups can have significantly different interpretations of the issue. Differing or opposing social values, political interests, and economic concerns play a large part in shaping how groups of people perceive a conflict. In these instances, opposing sides often use discursive frames to communicate their interests and garner support. While previous research has illustrated how frames are deployed in these cases, less is known about the role of trust in the context of frame resonance, especially when the frame deployer is a large corporation. We use the case …
Transformative Change In Rural Ethiopia: The Impact Of Small- And Medium-Scale Irrigation, Logan Cochrane, Anne Cafer
Transformative Change In Rural Ethiopia: The Impact Of Small- And Medium-Scale Irrigation, Logan Cochrane, Anne Cafer
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
Rural livelihoods in Ethiopia are vulnerable due to their reliance upon variable rainfall and the lack of access to irrigation. Irrigation coverage in the country is low, as the existing systems tend to cover state-run and commercial operations. There is significant potential for irrigation to play a transformative role in rural lives and livelihoods. Much of the evidence available in Ethiopia focuses upon technical studies of irrigation systems or impacts on households after gaining access to irrigation. This article highlights the causes and pathways of change. We focus on more financially-viable and environmentally-sound small- and medium-scale systems, versus the large-scale …
Minority Stress Among Gay And Bisexual Men In Agricultural Occupations, Michael C. Parent, Garrett M. Steede
Minority Stress Among Gay And Bisexual Men In Agricultural Occupations, Michael C. Parent, Garrett M. Steede
Journal of Rural Social Sciences
Research integrating the minority stress model and vocational behavior has used broad samples of sexual minority persons. Specific work contexts, particularly traditionally masculine work contexts, may be relevant areas to the integration of minority stress theory and vocational well-being. This study examined the relationship between workplace heterosexism and job satisfaction, as moderated by identity management and person-organization fit, among a sample of 114 sexual minority men, employed in agriculture, recruited from an online social network group. Contrary to prior research, integrating identity management did not moderate the relationship between workplace heterosexism and job satisfaction. Person-organization fit did moderate this relationship, …