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Articles 1 - 30 of 313
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
A Political Theory Of Kulturkampf: Evidence From Imperial Prussia & Republican Turkey, Ioannis N. Grigoriadis, Theocharis Grigoriadis
A Political Theory Of Kulturkampf: Evidence From Imperial Prussia & Republican Turkey, Ioannis N. Grigoriadis, Theocharis Grigoriadis
Theocharis Grigoriadis
No abstract provided.
Religion, Administration & Public Goods: Experimental Evidence From Russia, Theocharis N. Grigoriadis
Religion, Administration & Public Goods: Experimental Evidence From Russia, Theocharis N. Grigoriadis
Theocharis Grigoriadis
In this paper, I argue that religion matters for the provision of public goods. I identify three normative foundations of Eastern Orthodox monasticism with strong economic implications: 1. solidarity, 2. obedience, and 3. universal discipline. I propose and solve a public goods game with a three-tier hierarchy, where these norms are modeled as treatments. Obedience and universal discipline facilitate the provision of threshold public goods in equilibrium, whereas solidarity does not. Empirical evidence is drawn from public goods experiments run with regional bureaucrats in Tomsk and Novosibirsk, Russia. The introduction of the same three norms as experimental treatments produces different …
Religious Origins Of Democracy & Dictatorship, Theocharis Grigoriadis
Religious Origins Of Democracy & Dictatorship, Theocharis Grigoriadis
Theocharis Grigoriadis
Weber considered the Protestant work ethic the foundation of modern capitalism. I extend Weber’s theory by arguing that states with predominantly Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, and Muslim populations have had a stronger inclination toward underdevelopment and dictatorship than states with Protestant or Jewish majorities. This is the case because their respective religious collectives (monastery, tariqa) promote the hierarchical provision of common goods at the expense of market incentives. I define the aforementioned three religions as collectivist, in contrast to Protestantism and Judaism, which I define as individualist. I provide a historical overview that designates the Jewish kibbutz as the collective …
La Oposición Política: Notas Para Una Discusión Teórica, Fernando Barrientos Del Monte
La Oposición Política: Notas Para Una Discusión Teórica, Fernando Barrientos Del Monte
Fernando Barrientos Del Monte
La oposición es un rol que en las democracias desempeñan, por lo general, los partidos políticos. Su importancia radica en que son el factor de control de los gobiernos en turno y la alternativa a la formación de nuevos gobiernos. Pero la oposición adquiere connotaciones más amplias en función de la posición que determinados grupos políticos asuman frente al sistema político. En este texto se esboza un modelo analítico para distinguir los tipos de oposición en los sistemas políticos con especial atención en las democracias occidentales.
Chapter 4 (Draft): John Locke And The Hobbesian Hypothesis: How A Very Similar Colonial Prejudice Found Its Way Into The Natural Rights Justification Of Private Property, Karl Widerquist, Grant Mccall
Chapter 4 (Draft): John Locke And The Hobbesian Hypothesis: How A Very Similar Colonial Prejudice Found Its Way Into The Natural Rights Justification Of Private Property, Karl Widerquist, Grant Mccall
Karl Widerquist
This chapter is a preliminary draft of Chapter 4 of the book, "Prehistoric Myths in Modern Political Philosophy." The role of this chapter is to show that what we call "the Hobbesian Hypothesis" is an essential premise in John Locke's justification of private property. The Hobbesian hypothesis, in this context, is the claim that everyone is better off in a society with private land and resource ownership (even if they own no land or resources) than they could reasonably except to be in a society in which these resources remained unowned and people lived as hunter-gatherers. This chapter does not …
Chapter 3 (Draft) The Hobbesian Hypothesis: How A Colonial Prejudice Became An Essential Premise In The Most Popular Justification Of Government, Karl Widerquist, Grant Mccall
Chapter 3 (Draft) The Hobbesian Hypothesis: How A Colonial Prejudice Became An Essential Premise In The Most Popular Justification Of Government, Karl Widerquist, Grant Mccall
Karl Widerquist
This chapter is a draft of Chapter Three of the book that Grant McCall and I are writing. The book is called, "Prehistoric Myths in Modern Political Philosophy." This chapter shows now Hobbes introduce an empirical claim into his most influential justification of the state. We call this claim the Hobbesian hypothesis: everyone is better off under the authority of a sovereign government than everyone would be outside of that authority. The chapter argue that this hypothesis is a strong, counterfactual, empirical claim about people in small-scale stateless societies that has not been well-established by empirical evidence.
Karl Marx And His Ideas About Inequality, Vivek Kumar Srivastava Dr.
Karl Marx And His Ideas About Inequality, Vivek Kumar Srivastava Dr.
Vivek Kumar Srivastava Dr.
Marx has looked inequality in his own particular way. He has nowhere discussed about inequality in direct terms but his ideas about it are widely spread in his writings.
Waiting For Giorgio, Ananya Vajpeyi
Back To The Agriculture - The Development Of The Comparative Advantage Of Sudan’S Commodities, Yagoub Elryah Dr.
Back To The Agriculture - The Development Of The Comparative Advantage Of Sudan’S Commodities, Yagoub Elryah Dr.
Yagoub Elryah (PhD)
In recent years, the Dutch disease created by losing the oil revenues has encouraged countries to diversify the comparative advantage in other products and services, and for many countries including Sudan agricultural products are at the top of the exports. Hence, this paper analyzed the comparative advantages of Sudan’s agricultural products and to show the extent to which products that Sudan should specialize in to regain some of missed comparative advantages. In order to figure out this, data were extracted from the International Trade Center (ITC)’s Trade map, the UNCTAD COMTRADE database and Central Bank of Sudan. In this study, …
History Of Utilitarian Social Thought, James E. Crimmins
History Of Utilitarian Social Thought, James E. Crimmins
James E Crimmins
No abstract provided.
Chapters 1-2 (Drafts) Of Prehistoric Myths In Modern Political Philosophy: Chapter 1-2, Karl Widerquist, Grant Mccall
Chapters 1-2 (Drafts) Of Prehistoric Myths In Modern Political Philosophy: Chapter 1-2, Karl Widerquist, Grant Mccall
Karl Widerquist
These two chapters are early and very preliminary drafts of the first to chapters of the book, "Prehistoric Myths in Modern Political Philosophy." The first chapter sets up what we are trying to do with this research project and previews our findings. The basic argument of the book is that political philosophers make dubious claims about prehistory in theor theories. These claims are poorly (if at all) research even though they are essential premises in many important political theories. The role of the book is both to show that these claims are necessary to support the arguments in influential political …
Avoiding The Guillotine: The Need For Balance And Purpose In Determining Fundamental Rights Under The Fourteenth Amendment, Timothy A. Campbell
Avoiding The Guillotine: The Need For Balance And Purpose In Determining Fundamental Rights Under The Fourteenth Amendment, Timothy A. Campbell
Timothy A Campbell
This Article examines the need to bridge the two fields of thought in fundamental rights jurisprudence. This Article argues two points. Broadly, an objective principle to determine fundamental rights is non-existent because rights by their nature are subjective. Hence, the Court must accept some subjectivity, but it needs to install guideposts to direct the judge’s discretion. The Court also needs to adopt a balanced approach that combines rationalism and traditionalism. They need to look at the purpose of the asserted right, the specificity of the asserted right, legal precedent, and history in formulating a balanced approach.
What Is Islamic Democracy? The Three Cs Of Islamic Governance, Muqtedar Khan
What Is Islamic Democracy? The Three Cs Of Islamic Governance, Muqtedar Khan
Muqtedar Khan
This book chapter explores the three Cs of Islamic Governance; Constitution, Consultation and Consent.
"The Bigger The Cake?": Puzzling Over Equality 20 Years Into Post-Apartheid South Africa, Jeremy P. Cronin
"The Bigger The Cake?": Puzzling Over Equality 20 Years Into Post-Apartheid South Africa, Jeremy P. Cronin
jeremy p cronin
No abstract provided.
Reconciling Liberalism And Judaism? Human Rights In Israel, Raphael Cohen-Almagor
Reconciling Liberalism And Judaism? Human Rights In Israel, Raphael Cohen-Almagor
raphael cohen-almagor
This essay argues that mixing religion in politics is problematic. It becomes destructive when the religion is unyielding and coercive. Whenever religious powers are on the rise, the foundations of liberal democracy are shaken and its protective mechanisms are regressing. Indeed, in Israel egalitarianism is still in the making. Orthodox Judaism and liberal democracy are in conflict. The rise of one comes at the expense of the other in a situation where religion does not encompass the concept of freedom from religion. This essay further argues that Palestinians and Israelis are entitled to the same rights and liberties. Accommodations and …
Lincoln’S Vision Of Free Labor: Was Universal Opportunity, Education, And Economic Nationalism Enough To Enhance Freedmens’ Rights After The Civil War And Reconstruction?, Harry M. Hipler
Harry M Hipler
This paper will explore free labor, education, and universal opportunity – the latter being synonymous with equal opportunity – as described by Abraham Lincoln, and its connectivity to economic development and nationalism before, during, and after the Civil War era. First, I discuss Lincoln’s vision of free labor that defined his vision in 19th century America. Next, I explore the importance of universal opportunity and education as they relate to free labor as defined by white Republicans and Lincoln. The Republican Party and Lincoln strongly believed that free labor was the harbinger of success to obtain universal opportunity for all …
Regaining Missed Opportunities: The Role Of Agriculture Post-Separation Development In Sudan, Yagoub Elryah Dr.
Regaining Missed Opportunities: The Role Of Agriculture Post-Separation Development In Sudan, Yagoub Elryah Dr.
Yagoub Elryah (PhD)
Agricultural sector is play a vital role in the Sudan economy and is considered to be the backbone of industrial development in the country. Sudan lost both south Sudan and oil revenues, the poverty increased among Sudanese. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to examine the role of agriculture in post-separation development in Sudan. However, it missed opportunities on a number of occasions due to inappropriate economic policies, continues recent region conflicts. The key massage from the studies examined in this paper is that agricultural sector in Sudan still face many challenges. Among the challenges are absence of political …
Global And Regional Determinants Of Regime Type: Pakistan, Jakob A Friedman
Global And Regional Determinants Of Regime Type: Pakistan, Jakob A Friedman
Jakob A Friedman
Abstract: Traditional fields of study for international relations (IR) scholars have revolved around the question of how regimes interact with one another in the international sphere. This paper deals with answering the question of how regimes emerge in the first place. To this end, there are two competing narratives in IR, which seek to explain the origins of regime type. The first is that regimes are shaped entirely by a given nations regional security concerns, the other is that regimes emerge in response to global political paradigms. Throughout the exploration of the political history of Pakistan, this paper seeks to …
Islam, Democracy And Islamism After The Counterrevolution In Egypt, Muqtedar Khan
Islam, Democracy And Islamism After The Counterrevolution In Egypt, Muqtedar Khan
Muqtedar Khan
This article examines Muslim Brotherhood's governance during its brief reign and advances recommendations for reform.
Understanding Putin's Foreign And Economic Policy Correlation, Sumantra Maitra
Understanding Putin's Foreign And Economic Policy Correlation, Sumantra Maitra
Sumantra Maitra
No abstract provided.
Review: The Bush Leadership, The Power Of Ideas, And The War On Terror, Dylan Kissane
Review: The Bush Leadership, The Power Of Ideas, And The War On Terror, Dylan Kissane
Dylan Kissane
No abstract provided.
Public Reason As Higher Law, Gordon D. Ballingrud
Public Reason As Higher Law, Gordon D. Ballingrud
Gordon D Ballingrud
This paper presents a model of higher-law formation by employing a modified version of John Rawls’ idea of public reason. The model specifies a theory of public reason that combines the procedural and substantive aspects of public reason, and extends the concept over a third dimension, time. This concept, by virtue of its multi-generational democratic pedigree, forms a repository of political and legal concepts of justice that conform to the duty of civility, and the broad consensus on political and legal norms required of the content of public reason, which forms the overlapping consensus. Thus, public reason as higher law …
Bentham And Utilitarianism In The Early Nineteenth Century, James E. Crimmins
Bentham And Utilitarianism In The Early Nineteenth Century, James E. Crimmins
James E Crimmins
No abstract provided.
Between Politics And Science: The Dilemma Of Reason, Roozbeh (Rudy) B. Baker, Zoran S. Nikolić
Between Politics And Science: The Dilemma Of Reason, Roozbeh (Rudy) B. Baker, Zoran S. Nikolić
Roozbeh (Rudy) B. Baker
Curiosity, our deepest inner intellectual need and concern brought about what we today call science. This Article will try to address the problem of the interrelation between politics and science. There is no need to discuss which of the two came first, but rather the real question is to what extent can science influence the political process? Can it help proper decision-making and, if it can, to what extent? Decision-making is most often prefixed with the term political. Can the intellectual class representing the world of science have an influence on political decision-making? As C. Wright Mills rightly noticed, if …
A Cordialidade Brasileira: Um Mito Em Contradição, Paulo S. Peres
A Cordialidade Brasileira: Um Mito Em Contradição, Paulo S. Peres
Paulo S. Peres
Neste texto discuto o escopo e os sentidos dados ao conceito de Homem Cordial, com a finalidade de destacar que há duas concepções em conflito atualmente acerca da cordialidade brasileira. De um lado, a visão não-acadêmica percebe a cordialidade como a expressão apenas de sentimentos afáveis e, como tal, consistindo numa característica positiva do povo brasileiro. De outro lado, a visão acadêmica concebe a cordialidade como a expressão de sentimentos tanto afáveis como agressivos, sendo ambos negativos para o desenvolvimento político brasileiro, uma vez que resultam na indistinção entre espaços/bens públicos e privados. Em qualquer um dos casos, como procuro …
Conservatism, Stefan Andreasson
Legitimation, Mark C. Modak-Truran
Legitimation, Mark C. Modak-Truran
Mark C Modak-Truran
This article identifies three different conceptions of legitimation - pre-modern, modern, and post-secular - that compete both within and across national boundaries for the coveted prize of informing the social imaginary regarding how the government and the law should be legitimated in constitutional democracies. Pre-modern conceptions of legitimation consider governments and rulers legitimate if they are ordained by God or if the political system is ordered in accordance with the normative cosmic order. Contemporary proponents of the pre-modern conception range from those in the United States who maintain that the government has been legitimated by the “Judeo-Christian tradition” to those …
Turkey’S Quest For A “New International Order”: The Discourse Of Civilization And The Politics Of Restoration, Murat Yesiltas
Turkey’S Quest For A “New International Order”: The Discourse Of Civilization And The Politics Of Restoration, Murat Yesiltas
Murat Yesiltas
This article argues that the increasing emphasis of civilization in Turkish foreign policy discourse fundamentally affected Turkey’s criticism of the current international order. Political elites during the Justice and Development Party era have framed their critiques of international order in the context of the “politics of restoration”; the political discourse seeks to re-construct Turkey’s national, regional and international political discourse and engagement. They have also re- contextualized the politics of restoration along the axis of a discourse of the “New Turkey”. In this sense, the “New Turkey” discourse reproduced the civilizational identity part of Turkey’s international order narrative by blending …
In Search Of A Just Political Economy: Why We Should Go Beyond Rawls's Pod And Schefczyk's Ruws, Fabian Schuppert
In Search Of A Just Political Economy: Why We Should Go Beyond Rawls's Pod And Schefczyk's Ruws, Fabian Schuppert
Fabian Schuppert
No abstract provided.
Supermayorías A Nivel Legislativo. Los Problemas Del Debate Y Una Propuesta Metodológica, Sergio Verdugo Sverdugor@Udd.Cl
Supermayorías A Nivel Legislativo. Los Problemas Del Debate Y Una Propuesta Metodológica, Sergio Verdugo Sverdugor@Udd.Cl
Sergio Verdugo R.
Se analiza el debate institucional relativo a si deben o no permanecer los quórums legislativos súper-mayoritarios (esto es, aquellos mayores a la mayoría simple) en la Constitución. El autor critica la manera en que la discusión ha tenido lugar desde la perspectiva académica. Luego, revisa los alcances y límites de los argumentos favorables a las supermayorías, defendiendo la idea de que ellas pueden servir de forma instrumental algunos fines legítimos que son compatibles con la democracia. Las implicancias de este trabajo alcanzan a algunas leyes orgánicas constitucionales y, también, a las leyes de quórum calificado, a las que se les …