Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Cognitive Relatives Yet Moral Strangers?, Judith Benz-Scharzberg, Andrew Knight

Andrew Knight, PhD

This article provides an empirically based, interdisciplinary approach to the following two questions: Do animals possess behavioral and cognitive characteristics such as culture, language, and a theory of mind? And if so, what are the implications, when long-standing criteria used to justify differences in moral consideration between humans and animals are no longer considered indisputable? One basic implication is that the psychological needs of captive animals should be adequately catered for. However, for species such as great apes and dolphins with whom we share major characteristics of personhood, welfare considerations alone may not suffice, and consideration of basic rights may …

People -- Marine Mammal Interactions, Andrew Butterworth, Mark P. Simmonds

Mark P. Simmonds, OBE

Our relationships with marine mammals are complex. We have used them as resources, and in some places this remains the case; viewed them as competitors and culled them (again ongoing in some localities); been so captivated and intrigued by them that we have taken them into captivity for our entertainment; and developed a lucrative eco-tourism activity focused on them in many nations. When we first envisaged this special topic, we had two overarching aims:

Firstly, we hoped to generate critical evaluation of some of our relationships with these animals.

Secondly, we hoped to attract knowledgeable commentators and experts who might …

Sexual Misconduct, Religion, And Culture, Alev Dudek

Alev Dudek

Gu 2018.Pdf, Chien-Juh Gu

Chien-Juh Gu

The Dark Side Of Creative Tourism: A Philosophical Dialogue With Culture, Babu P. George

Babu George

Enacting A Culture Of Peace: A Peace Education Guide For Adult Learners In Myanmar

Tatsushi Arai

Social Institutions And Same-Sex Sexuality : Attitudes, Perceptions And Prospective Rights And Freedoms For Non-Heterosexuals, Padmore Adusei Amoah, Razak Mohammed Gyasi

Dr. AMOAH Padmore Adusei

Religious and cultural values have been used as a yardstick to disregard the rights and freedoms of people in non-normative sexual relationships in many African countries. However, little is known about the extent to which this assertion is empirically buttressed by public opinion in the Kumasi Metropolis in Ghana. Employing in-depth interviews and a focus group discussion, this study sought public opinion on how religious and cultural precepts informed attitudes and perception on same-sex sexuality. Twenty people who were aged 19 to 60 years participated in the study. The phenomenon of same-sex sexuality was expressively distasteful to majority of participants …

Cross-Cultural Issues In Employee Performance And Talent Management In The Middle East, Aloma Jayasundera, Babu P. George

Babu George

Three's The Charm In Michelin Ratings, Mike Grenby

Mike Grenby

For the pleasure, you'll pay $540 for a tasting meal at one Paris restaurant.

Recognizing Moral Identity As A Cultural Construct, Fanli Jia, Tobias Krettenauer

Fanli Jia

Mountain Kingdom Extraordinaire, Mike Grenby

Mike Grenby

Bhutan: where marijuana grows on the roadsides and life is measured in Gross National Happiness.

Social Institutions And Same-Sex Sexuality : Attitudes, Perceptions And Prospective Rights And Freedoms For Non-Heterosexuals, Padmore Adusei Amoah, Razak Mohammed Gyasi

Mr. GYASI Razak Mohammed

Religious and cultural values have been used as a yardstick to disregard the rights and freedoms of people in non-normative sexual relationships in many African countries. However, little is known about the extent to which this assertion is empirically buttressed by public opinion in the Kumasi Metropolis in Ghana. Employing in-depth interviews and a focus group discussion, this study sought public opinion on how religious and cultural precepts informed attitudes and perception on same-sex sexuality. Twenty people who were aged 19 to 60 years participated in the study. The phenomenon of same-sex sexuality was expressively distasteful to majority of participants …

Warming Up To Iceland, Mike Grenby

Mike Grenby

Harsh economic climate has made the land of ice and fire easier on the wallet.

Dainty Plates Eatery All The Rage In London, Mike Grenby

Mike Grenby

London chef's travels inspire his innovative healthy menu.

Can Asians Be Creative?, Chua, Roy Y. J., Jerry Zremski

Roy CHUA

A crotchety American named Henry Ford invented a modern, fast and efficient way to manufacture automobiles and a Japanese man named Eiji Toyoda refined and perfected it. A series of innovators across the western world developed the television - and the tech specialists at Sony, Toshiba and a host of other Asian companies found ways to make TVs better, cheaper, faster. And an idiosyncratic Californian named Steve Jobs invented a company that made a smart phone for the masses - and then outsourced the manufacturing to China. If you detect a pattern here, you are not alone. Asia may be …

El-Malik_Reading Imaginative Futures Across Historical Moments.Pdf, Shiera S. Malik

Shiera S el-Malik

Semi-Wild Chimpanzees Open Hard-Shelled Fruits Differently Across Communities, Bruce Rawlings, Marina Davilla-Ross, Sarah T. Boysen

Sarah Boysen, PhD

Researchers investigating the evolutionary roots of human culture have turned to comparing behaviours across nonhuman primate communities, with tool-based foraging in particular receiving much attention. This study examined whether natural extractive foraging behaviours other than tool selection differed across nonhuman primate colonies that had the same foods available. Specifically, the behaviours applied to open the hard-shelled fruits of Strychnos spp. were examined in three socially separate, semi-wild colonies of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) that lived under shared ecological conditions at Chimfunshi Wildlife Orphanage, and were comparable in their genetic makeup. The chimpanzees (N = 56) consistently applied six techniques to open …

Gender In Print Advertisements: A Snapshot Of Representations From Around The World, Pamela K. Morris

Pamela K. Morris

No abstract provided.

What Is "American" In American Religion?, Rhys H. Williams, Sylvester Johnson, Kathryn Gin Lum

Rhys Williams

No abstract provided.

Conceptualizing Beauty: A Content Analysis Of U.S. And French Women's Magazine Advertisements, Pamela Morris, Katharine Nichols

Pamela K. Morris

Although beauty is a major industry, it is elusive and based on culture. The purpose of this investigation is to expand the idea of female beauty beyond physical characteristics through an exploration of women’s magazine advertisements from France and the United States. Over 570 ads from ten women’s fashion magazines are content analyzed. Among the major findings is that American publications consist of more hair care and makeup products than in France, in contrast, French magazines include more ads for lotions and perfumes. In terms of tone, people in American publications show more smiles, while people in France are more …

Culture And Metaphors In Advertisements: France, Germany, Italy, The Netherlands, And The United States, Pamela Morris, Jennifer A. Waldman

Pamela K. Morris

Culture and language are intertwined. Metaphors, based on culture, are ubiquitous in thinking and communication. As social artifacts reflecting culture, advertising messages provide an opportunity to compare metaphors in different nations. Goals of this article are to understand how and why advertisers use metaphors and how they differ across countries, as well as how cultural characteristics are used to create compelling ad messages. Using a content analysis of 87 French, German, Italian, Dutch, and American magazine advertisements, this study examines metaphor usage and cultural attributes from four culture-bound product groups: food and beverage, automobiles, insurance/finance, and personal care.

Gender Images In Hurricane Katrina Coverage, Pamela K. Morris

Pamela K. Morris

Media coverage of Hurricane Katrina was criticized in terms of race and class. But analyses from a gender perspective are missing. This research reviewed photographs of Katrina coverage in four prominent U.S. newspapers. Findings show that victims were all sexes and ages; but when it came to officials and heroes – men dominated. Also, women were more often shown with children than were men. These stereotypical images found in times of crises show culture’s core.

Driving Gender: An Analysis Of U.S. Auto Ad Visuals 1925-2005, Pamela K. Morris

Pamela K. Morris

Advertising has been found to be not only a reflection of society, but also the basis for living amongst a group of people. The images in advertisements especially provide ideas and standards for acceptable behavior, social norms and values specific to men and women. Studying advertisement visuals can illuminate power relations in culture. This approach to feminist theory takes a look at how women and others are used to sell products and how these depictions illuminate power. A framework using cultural, communication and feminist theories is constructed to build an approach for reviewing advertising messages. Focus is on visuals of …

Occupy Wall Street Signs: Visual Reflections Of Hidden Soical Issues, Pamela K. Morris

Pamela K. Morris

From a social action theory perspective, Occupy Wall Street protesters’ signs are grounded examples of grass-roots forces attempting to generate cultural and political change. Using an advertising perspective and contextualizing messages in social and cultural terms, important issues raised by the protesters can be identified and analyzed. Results can enrich discourse of challenges. This paper is an exploratory investigation of 55 Occupy Wall Street signs using content analysis. It attempts to answer questions: How are the Occupy Wall Street protesters communicating their messages through signs; what are the issues; and how do the issues relate to advertising models?

Geo, Audio, Video, Photo: How Digital Convergence In Mobile Devices Facilitates Participatory Culture In Libraries, Peta Hopkins, Joanna Hare, Jessie Donaghey, Wendy Abbott

Wendy Abbott

Libraries are often hailed as the cultural and learning hub of their communities. To deepen community engagement and social inclusion, libraries are adopting new technologies to facilitate a participatory and learning culture. With market saturation of smartphones and tablets and their associated apps, new affordances for content creation, curation and sharing show great potential to enhance participatory culture. The typical smartphone or tablet now incorporates digital technologies such as geo-location, audio, video, photo and web technologies. Bringing these technologies into a single device has enabled the development of apps such as Instagram, HistoryPin and SoundCloud. It has also changed the …

Ways Of War In The Americas: Mayas And Aztecs (Ad 700-1500), Jennifer Mathews

Jennifer P Mathews

No abstract provided.

Removal Of Trace Organic Contaminants By An Mbr Comprising A Mixed Culture Of Bacteria And White-Rot Fungi, Luong Nguyen, Faisal Hai, Shufan Yang, Jinguo Kang, Frederic Leusch, Felicity Roddick, William Price, Long Nghiem

Faisal I Hai

The degradation of 30 trace organic contaminants (TrOC) by a white-rot fungus-augmented membrane bioreactor (MBR) was investigated. The results show that white-rot fungal enzyme (laccase), coupled with a redox mediator (1-hydroxy benzotriazole, HBT), could degrade TrOC that are resistant to bacterial degradation (e.g. diclofenac, triclosan, naproxen and atrazine) but achieved low removal of compounds (e.g. ibuprofen, gemfibrozil and amitriptyline) that are well removed by conventional activated sludge treatment. Overall, the fungus-augmented MBR showed better TrOC removal compared to a system containing conventional activated sludge. The major role of biodegradation in removal by the MBR was noted. Continuous mediator dosing to …

Enhancement Of Trace Organic Contaminant Degradation By Crude Enzyme Extract From Trametes Versicolor Culture: Effect Of Mediator Type And Concentration, Ngoc Luong Nguyen, Faisal Ibney Hai, Jinguo Kang, Frederic Leusch, Felicity Roddick, S Faraj Magram, William Price, Long Nghiem

Faisal I Hai

The performance of two redox mediating compounds, namely 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HBT) and syringaldehyde (SA), was compared in terms of enhancement of enzymatic degradation of a diverse set of 14 phenolic and 16 non-phenolic trace organic contaminants (TrOCs) and the toxicity of the treated media. Extracellular enzyme extract (predominantly containing laccase) from Trametes versicolor culture achieved efficient degradation (70-95%) of nine phenolic and one non-phenolic TrOCs. Mediator dosing extended the spectrum of efficiently degraded TrOCs to 13 phenolic and three non-phenolic compounds, with moderate improvements in removal of a few other non-phenolic compounds. TrOC removal efficiency improved significantly as the HBT dose …

Framing The Game: Assessing The Impact Of Cultural Representations On Consumer Perceptions Of Legitimacy, Ashlee Humphreys, Kathryn A. Latour

Kathryn A. LaTour

No abstract provided.

The Appeal To Tradition: Cultural Evolution And Logical Soundness, William Harpine

William D Harpine

No abstract provided.