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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Phonologically Informed Edit Distance Algorithms For Word Alignment With Low-Resource Languages, Richard T. Mccoy, Robert Frank Oct 2019

Phonologically Informed Edit Distance Algorithms For Word Alignment With Low-Resource Languages, Richard T. Mccoy, Robert Frank

Robert Frank

We present three methods for weighting edit distance algorithms based on linguistic information. These methods base their penalties on (i) phonological features, (ii) distributional character embeddings, or (iii) differences between cognate words. We also introduce a novel method for evaluating edit distance through the task of low-resource word alignment by using edit-distance neighbors in a high-resource pivot language to inform alignments from the low-resource language. At this task, the cognate-based scheme outperforms our other methods and the Levenshtein edit distance baseline, showing that NLP applications can benefit from information about cross-linguistic phonological patterns.


Jabberwocky Parsing: Dependency Parsing With Lexical Noise, Jungo Kasai, Robert Frank Oct 2019

Jabberwocky Parsing: Dependency Parsing With Lexical Noise, Jungo Kasai, Robert Frank

Robert Frank

Parsing models have long benefited from the use of lexical information, and indeed current state-of-the art neural network models for dependency parsing achieve substantial improvements by benefiting from distributed representations of lexical information. At the same time, humans can easily parse sentences with unknown or even novel words, as in Lewis Carroll’s poem Jabberwocky. In this paper, we carry out jabberwocky parsing experiments, exploring how robust a state-of-the-art neural network parser is to the absence of lexical information. We find that current parsing models, at least under usual training regimens, are in fact overly dependent on lexical information, and perform …


Pedagogical Discourse Styles Of Native And Non-Native Language Teachers, Stacy Anne Reynolds-Case Oct 2019

Pedagogical Discourse Styles Of Native And Non-Native Language Teachers, Stacy Anne Reynolds-Case

Stacy Anne Reynolds-Case

This study seeks to uncover the characteristics of foreign language instructors’ discourse styles implemented in the classroom when teaching students the target language. Foreign language classrooms are unique to academia because the teachers of the language, depending on whether they are native or non-native speakers of the target language, learned it in different environments and for distinct purposes. Many of the previous studies examining the effect a teacher’s ability in the target language will have on his/her instruction have focused on native and non-native speakers’ teaching styles and/or methodologies. Rather than the effect on the teacher’s style, the central question …


The Introductory Text In The Narrative Imagination (Sonallah Ibrahim), Widad Witwit, Journal Port Science Research Aug 2019

The Introductory Text In The Narrative Imagination (Sonallah Ibrahim), Widad Witwit, Journal Port Science Research

port Science Research

The introductory text is imaginative, carried out by a fictional character assigned to the author the initiation status, which makes this study the field of operation. Because the initiation is so important as a textual threshold at which two worlds, real and imagined, are entrusted to entice the reader to the world of the text, the writers sought to enrich it by suggestive cards with concentrated interpretability. The opening of the modern narrator has become - consciously - the code for reading the text and imbibing its climates and environments. If the openings of classical novels by framing the investigative …


Information Literacy In The Phonology Classroom, Jonathan Howell, Catherine Baird May 2019

Information Literacy In The Phonology Classroom, Jonathan Howell, Catherine Baird

Jonathan Howell

Most of our students, particularly undergraduates, are not destined to become phonologists, or even linguists. Our primary goal, then, ought not to be instruction of any specific theory, topic or dataset. The imperative is to develop in students the literacies which inform the practice of phonology but which will also serve students in other arenas. In this talk, we discuss a collaboration between phonologist and librarian to embed information literacy into a one-semester undergraduate introduction to phonology. We want to help students to uncover the threshold concepts identified as central to information literacy by the Association of College & Research …


Effects Of Bilingualism On Language Processing: Evidence From Monolingual (English) And Bilingual (French, Spanish, Portuguese, Russian, And Arabic) Speakers, Stephanie Castelin, Salim A. Mouloua, Gabriella A. Fiorino, Eric T. Bell, Paola N. Luigi, Zamira Y. Feliz, Andrea A. Alfonsi, Mustapha Mouloua Apr 2019

Effects Of Bilingualism On Language Processing: Evidence From Monolingual (English) And Bilingual (French, Spanish, Portuguese, Russian, And Arabic) Speakers, Stephanie Castelin, Salim A. Mouloua, Gabriella A. Fiorino, Eric T. Bell, Paola N. Luigi, Zamira Y. Feliz, Andrea A. Alfonsi, Mustapha Mouloua

Stephanie Castelin

The present study was designed to empirically examine the effects of bilingualism on language processing in relation to congruent and incongruent sentences. 59 monolingual and bilingual participants completed a semantic congruence decision task. Results indicated significant differences in accuracy and reaction time among monolingual and bilingual speakers.  These findings have theoretical implications and apply to both workplace and classroom settings for various learning and communication activities.  


Teaching Language Variation In The Classroom: Strategies And Models From Teachers And Linguists, Michelle D. Devereaux, Chris C. Palmer Dec 2018

Teaching Language Variation In The Classroom: Strategies And Models From Teachers And Linguists, Michelle D. Devereaux, Chris C. Palmer

Chris C. Palmer

Bringing together the varied and multifaceted expertise of teachers and linguists in one accessible volume, this book presents practical tools, grounded in cutting-edge research, for teaching about language and language diversity in the ELA classroom. By demonstrating practical ways teachers can implement research-driven linguistic concepts in their own teaching environment, each chapter offers real-world lessons as well as clear methods for instructing students on the diversity of language. Written for pre-service and in-service teachers, this book includes easy-to-use lesson plans, pedagogical strategies and activities, as well as a wealth of resources carefully designed to optimize student comprehension of language variation.


Slurs And Register: A Case Study In Meaning Pluralism, Justina Diaz-Legaspe, Chang Liu, Robert J. Stainton Dec 2018

Slurs And Register: A Case Study In Meaning Pluralism, Justina Diaz-Legaspe, Chang Liu, Robert J. Stainton

Robert J. Stainton

Most theories of slurs fall into one of two families: those which understand slurring terms to involve special descriptive/informational content (however conveyed), and those which understand them to encode special emotive/expressive content. Our view is that both offer essential insights, but that part of what sets slurs apart is use-theoretic content. In particular, we urge that slurring words belong at the intersection of a number of categories in a sociolinguistic register taxonomy, one that usually includes [+slang] and [+vulgar] and always includes [-polite] and [+derogatory]. Thus, e.g., what distinguishes ‘Chinese’ from ‘chink’ is neither a peculiar sort of descriptive nor …


Hand Annotation And Reliability: Corpus Linguistic Approaches To Teaching And Studying Writing, Brian Larson Mar 2018

Hand Annotation And Reliability: Corpus Linguistic Approaches To Teaching And Studying Writing, Brian Larson

Brian Larson

If I say “He’s an eligible BLANK,” you’re likely to complete the sentence with “bachelor.” The fact that “eligible” and “bachelor” often appear together--in corpus-linguistic terms, they are collocated--tells us something about the meaning of “bachelor” that is not in its dictionary definition and related social values (e.g., gendered ones, in this example). This workshop, sponsored by the Linguistics, Language, and Writing (LLW) Standing Group, used hands-on activities to introduce theories and methods of corpus-linguistic analysis for various purposes, genres, and sub-fields within writing studies. Facilitators guided attendees through examples of the use of corpus methods in FYC, writing center …


Reviews Of Barbara Johnstone, The Linguistic Individual, Barbara Johnstone Dec 2017

Reviews Of Barbara Johnstone, The Linguistic Individual, Barbara Johnstone

Barbara Johnstone

This pdf contains reviews by several authors


Miscellaneous Reviews Of Book Chapters By Barbara Johnstone In Edited Volumes., Barbara Johnstone Dec 2017

Miscellaneous Reviews Of Book Chapters By Barbara Johnstone In Edited Volumes., Barbara Johnstone

Barbara Johnstone

Miscellaneous reviews of book chapters by Barbara Johnstone in edited volumes.


Reviews Of Barbara Johnstone, Discourse Analysis, Barbara Johnstone Dec 2017

Reviews Of Barbara Johnstone, Discourse Analysis, Barbara Johnstone

Barbara Johnstone

This pdf contains reviews by several authors.


Reviews Of Barbara Johnstone, Qualitative Methods In Sociolinguistics, Barbara Johnstone Dec 2017

Reviews Of Barbara Johnstone, Qualitative Methods In Sociolinguistics, Barbara Johnstone

Barbara Johnstone

this pdf contains reviews by several authors


Reviews Of Barbara Johnstone, Repetition In Arabic Discourse, Barbara Johnstone Dec 2017

Reviews Of Barbara Johnstone, Repetition In Arabic Discourse, Barbara Johnstone

Barbara Johnstone

This pdf contains reviews by several authors


Reviews Of Barbara Johnstone (Ed.), Repetition In Discourse: Interdisciplinary Perspectives, Barbara Johnstone Dec 2017

Reviews Of Barbara Johnstone (Ed.), Repetition In Discourse: Interdisciplinary Perspectives, Barbara Johnstone

Barbara Johnstone

This pdf contains several reviews.


Review Of Katherine A Remlinger, Yooper Talk: Dialect As Identity In Michigan's Upper Peninsula, Barbara Johnstone Dec 2017

Review Of Katherine A Remlinger, Yooper Talk: Dialect As Identity In Michigan's Upper Peninsula, Barbara Johnstone

Barbara Johnstone

This is the pre-publication proof. For the final version with the correct page numbers, consult the journal.


Introduction To Discourse, Structure And Linguistic Choice By T. Price Caldwell, Robert J. Stainton Dec 2017

Introduction To Discourse, Structure And Linguistic Choice By T. Price Caldwell, Robert J. Stainton

Robert J. Stainton

No abstract provided.


Two Questions About Interpretive Effects, Robert J. Stainton, Christopher Viger Dec 2017

Two Questions About Interpretive Effects, Robert J. Stainton, Christopher Viger

Robert J. Stainton

We discuss central themes in Lepore and Stone's Imagination and Convention. We begin by laying out their view, and then pose both empirical and methodological criticisms.


Teaching To Self Assess: Developing Critical Thinking Skills For Student Interpreters, Stephen Fitzmaurice Dec 2017

Teaching To Self Assess: Developing Critical Thinking Skills For Student Interpreters, Stephen Fitzmaurice

Stephen Fitzmaurice

In an effort to teach critical thinking skills to interpreting students, our
educational interpreting program has stopped providing direct feedback
on their interpreted work. We believe that independent practitioners
need to be skilled at self-assessment rather than relying on external ratings
of performance; thus, for the last 2 years, I have taught and then
graded students on the efficacy of their self-assessment of their own
work. To assess this change, I analyzed the Educational Interpreter Performance
Assessment (EIPA) ratings of students who received direct
feedback and those who learned to self-assess. The findings indicate that
the students who were taught …


The Contribution Of Lexical Diversity To College‐Level Writing, Melanie C. González Oct 2017

The Contribution Of Lexical Diversity To College‐Level Writing, Melanie C. González

Melanie González

This article reports on a study that investigated the extent to which lexical frequency and lexical diversity contribute to writing proficiency scores on monolingual English‐speaking writers’ and advanced multilingual writers’ academic compositions. The data consist of essays composed by 104 multilingual English learners enrolled in advanced second language writing courses at various intensive English programs and 68 monolingual English‐speaking university students in a first‐year composition course. Three independent raters evaluated the essays according to the TOEFL iBT independent writing rubric. Results from a binary logistic regression reveal that lexical diversity has a significantly greater impact on writing score than lexical …


Logical Form And The Vernacular Revisited, Andrew Botterell, Robert J. Stainton Aug 2017

Logical Form And The Vernacular Revisited, Andrew Botterell, Robert J. Stainton

Robert J. Stainton

We revisit a debate initiated some fifteen years ago by Ray Elugardo and Robert Stainton about the domain of arguments. Our main result is that arguments are not exclusively sets of linguistic expressions. Instead, as we put it, some non-linguistic items have ‘logical form’. The crucial examples are arguments, both deductive and inductive, made with unembedded words and phrases.


Welcome To Ilead: An Introduction To Intercultural Communication For Intensive English Program Students, Sharon Tjaden-Glass Jul 2017

Welcome To Ilead: An Introduction To Intercultural Communication For Intensive English Program Students, Sharon Tjaden-Glass

Sharon Tjaden-Glass

Presentation introduces participants to the rationale, curriculum, and outcomes of the iLEAD intercultural communication program.


Adverbial Clauses And Speaker And Interlocutor Gender In Shakespeare’S Plays, Theresa M. Mcgarry, Kelsey Kiser Jun 2017

Adverbial Clauses And Speaker And Interlocutor Gender In Shakespeare’S Plays, Theresa M. Mcgarry, Kelsey Kiser

Theresa M McGarry

This study draws on previous findings regarding adverbial clauses in relation to speaker and interlocutor gender in a corpus of current actual speaker data. Our aim is to examine those same relations in a corpus of Shakespeare’s comedies and histories. Mondorf (2004) investigated four types of adverbial clauses in a corpus of modern speech and found that the women used more causal, conditional and purpose clauses than the men, while the men used more concessive clauses. Mondorf’s explanation for this difference is that women use the three clause types that mitigate the speaker’s commitment to the truth of the proposition, …


Socio-Cultural Models Of Second Language Learning In Immigrants In Canada., Fanli Jia, Alexandra Gottardo, Aline Ferreira Feb 2017

Socio-Cultural Models Of Second Language Learning In Immigrants In Canada., Fanli Jia, Alexandra Gottardo, Aline Ferreira

Fanli Jia

The most significant challenge for the minority immigrant is learning a new language.
They arrive in a new culture and community hoping to master English quickly in order
to achieve their academic and career goals. However, many immigrants have mentioned
general barriers resulting from being unable to communicate with peers outside their cul
-tural and linguistic group. Recent research has identified several cognitive variables such
as vocabulary, reading aloud, and grammatical judgment related to second-language
learning in immigrants; however, little attention was given to sociocultural factors such
as acculturation, motivation, and cultural learning because learning a language is a nec …


Review Of _Harmonic Grammar And Harmonic Serialism_, Eric Baković Dec 2016

Review Of _Harmonic Grammar And Harmonic Serialism_, Eric Baković

Eric Baković

Harmonic Grammar and Harmonic Serialism (henceforth HGHS) consists of thirteen chapters addressing matters of empirical, theoretical, and typological concern to Harmonic Grammar (HG) and Harmonic Serialism (HS). As the editors note in their preface, HG and HS are "in some ways relatives of OT [Optimality Theory] in that they incorporate much of its structure (e.g. candidate comparison by markedness and faithfulness constraints)," except that "HS questions the choice of parallel over serial evaluations, while HG questions the assumption that constraints are ranked rather than weighted." Anyone interested in an introduction to and further developments within either HG or HS, …


Bucld2017_Proceedings_Brooks Et Al. (1).Pdf, Patricia Brooks, Josita Maouene, Kevin Sailor, Liat Seiger-Gardner Dec 2016

Bucld2017_Proceedings_Brooks Et Al. (1).Pdf, Patricia Brooks, Josita Maouene, Kevin Sailor, Liat Seiger-Gardner

Dr. Josita C Maouene

Children with Specific Language Impairment (SLI) exhibit weak semantic-priming effects in spoken-word production/recognition relative to children with typical language development (TLD). We explored whether underutilization of semantic cues in lexical access might stem from variation in the structure of children’s semantic networks. Children with SLI and age-matched TLD controls (N=20 per group; ages 7;10–10;8) performed a repeated word-association task, producing the first word that came to mind in response to 24 cue-words over 4 list repetitions. Children with SLI produced more weakly related responses to the cue-words than TLD controls, and greater numbers of perseverative responses. Network models explored possible …


Aspect Comprehension And Processing In Narratives By Native Spanish Speakers, Hannah Riddle Rojas Dec 2016

Aspect Comprehension And Processing In Narratives By Native Spanish Speakers, Hannah Riddle Rojas

Andreas Schramm

Draft copy


It​ ​Is​ ​Time​ ​To​ ​Tackle​ ​Aspect!​ ​Some​ ​Insights​ ​To​ ​Help​ ​Clear​ ​Up The​ ​Tense/Aspect​ ​Mystery, Andreas Schramm Dec 2016

It​ ​Is​ ​Time​ ​To​ ​Tackle​ ​Aspect!​ ​Some​ ​Insights​ ​To​ ​Help​ ​Clear​ ​Up The​ ​Tense/Aspect​ ​Mystery, Andreas Schramm

Andreas Schramm

In this article, Dr. Andreas Schramm draws on the research of his graduate students, colleagues,
and from his own recent sabbatical to describe what makes the tense-aspect system in English
notoriously challenging to teach and learn, and to show that it can nonetheless be explicitly
taught. Drawing from his experience as an English learner and one-time English teacher in
training, he shares anecdotes and practical tips to help English as a Second and Foreign
Language teachers unpack the meaning of tense and aspect for their learners.


Unpacking A Political Icon: ‘Bike Lanes’ And Orders Of Indexicality, Michael Miller Yoder, Barbara Johnstone Dec 2016

Unpacking A Political Icon: ‘Bike Lanes’ And Orders Of Indexicality, Michael Miller Yoder, Barbara Johnstone

Barbara Johnstone

Indexicality, the ability of language to evoke the context in which it usually occurs, is a concept
commonly drawn upon in sociolinguistics and linguistic anthropology. This article applies the
framework of orders of indexicality to political discourse about a controversial topic in Pittsburgh,
United States, the construction of bike lanes. A concordance analysis of the term bike lanes in
news media, blogs and online news comments demonstrates variation in indexical meanings of
bike lanes between those who oppose and those who support them.We argue that the
orders of indexicality approach help explain how groups with different interests can reinforce or …


Enregistering Dialect, Barbara Johnstone Dec 2016

Enregistering Dialect, Barbara Johnstone

Barbara Johnstone

No abstract provided.