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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
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Articles 1 - 5 of 5
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Stressors, Coping Mechanisms, And Uplifts Of Commercial Fishing In Alaska: A Qualitative Approach To Factors Affecting Human Performance In Extreme Environments, Jennifer Pickett, Joeri Hofmans
Stressors, Coping Mechanisms, And Uplifts Of Commercial Fishing In Alaska: A Qualitative Approach To Factors Affecting Human Performance In Extreme Environments, Jennifer Pickett, Joeri Hofmans
Journal of Human Performance in Extreme Environments
We depict the physical and psychological challenges of commercial fishing in Alaska as well as the uplifts, or positive experiences fishermen report. We describe an array of coping methods that are utilized during the fishing season and the contexts in which they occur. Our findings help clarify the link between human behavior, stressors, coping mechanisms employed, and uplifts experienced when working in extreme conditions. By doing this, we provide a better understanding of the effects that severe conditions have on wellbeing, such as working for long periods of time in cramped quarters in remote, extreme environments, and how Alaskan fishermen …
‘‘The Greatest Teacher, Failure Is’’: Handling Failure In Military Parachute Training, David Bergman
‘‘The Greatest Teacher, Failure Is’’: Handling Failure In Military Parachute Training, David Bergman
Journal of Human Performance in Extreme Environments
The present study examined failure in an extreme setting within a military parachute training course used to better prepare individuals for combat. A grounded theory analysis of interviews and observations led to four interdependent reasons for failure, three mediating factors of how failure was perceived, and eight ways of coping in how individuals handled failure. Two overarching master themes were established of decision aversion where individuals tend to avoid making decisions regarding their own failure in order to minimize guilt and shame, and externalization where attribution is made primarily to causes outside the self in order to maintain a positive …
Human Adaptability For Deep Space Missions: An Exploratory Study, Paul T. Bartone, Robert R. Roland, Jocelyn V. Bartone, Gerald P. Krueger, Albert A. Sciarretta, Bjorn Helge Johnsen
Human Adaptability For Deep Space Missions: An Exploratory Study, Paul T. Bartone, Robert R. Roland, Jocelyn V. Bartone, Gerald P. Krueger, Albert A. Sciarretta, Bjorn Helge Johnsen
Journal of Human Performance in Extreme Environments
The present qualitative study conducts in-depth interviews with astronauts and other subject matter experts in order to shed light on human adaptability in extreme environments. Deep space travel will entail a range of highly stressful conditions to which astronauts must adapt. Feelings of isolation will be increased, as the space traveler is farther from Earth for longer periods of time. Daily life will take place in small and confined areas, for durations extending into years. The dangers of the extreme environment of space are ever-present, and failure of critical equipment or components can lead to death. Astronauts will need to …
The Influence Of Tropical Climate On Cognitive Task Performance And Aiming Accuracy In Young International Fencers, Nicolas Robin, Aurelie Collado, Stephane Sinnapah, Elisabeth Rosnet, Olivier Hue, Guillaume R. Coudevylle
The Influence Of Tropical Climate On Cognitive Task Performance And Aiming Accuracy In Young International Fencers, Nicolas Robin, Aurelie Collado, Stephane Sinnapah, Elisabeth Rosnet, Olivier Hue, Guillaume R. Coudevylle
Journal of Human Performance in Extreme Environments
This study examined how a tropical climate (TC) influences the cognitive and aiming task performances of young international fencers. The participants performed the tasks in TC and an air-conditioned room. In each session, they completed questionnaires evaluating affective states, fatigue, and comfort and thermal sensations. They also carried out cognitive tasks (simple and choice reaction time, attention, and vigilance tasks) and a motor task testing aiming accuracy with a sword while wearing protective clothing and a mask. TC, which was observed to decrease thermal discomfort, was revealed to decrease aiming accuracy and positive affective states. There was no deleterious effect …
Safety–Performance Management In Extreme Sports? A Situated Analysis In Spearfishing Activity, Aude Villemain, Willy Buchmann
Safety–Performance Management In Extreme Sports? A Situated Analysis In Spearfishing Activity, Aude Villemain, Willy Buchmann
Journal of Human Performance in Extreme Environments
The aim of this research is to understand safety–performance articulation in spearfishing through the study of the global, specific, and temporal organization of an elite free diver’s activity. Three kinds of data were collected: diary reports, ten elicitation interviews on spearfishing, and two self-confrontation interviews on successful and failed apneas. The results indicated (1) the spearfisher’s global organization during the spearfishing set, (2) the alternation of intentions during apnea and periods of stabilization, (3) harmony with the environment, and (4) the strategy of keeping pace with the fish. The article will discuss the specific competence development needed to manage the …