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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
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- Coping (2)
- Extreme environments (2)
- Material perception (2)
- Neural networks (2)
- Trauma (2)
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- Abuse (1)
- Adaptability (1)
- Affective states (1)
- Aging (1)
- Aiming accuracy (1)
- Animal-assisted intervention (1)
- Animal-assisted therapy (1)
- Astronauts (1)
- Attachment (1)
- Attention (1)
- Binocular vision; Stereopsis; Inverse optics; Multiple view geometry; Inverse projective geometry; (1)
- Classification images (1)
- Cognitive task (1)
- Commercial fishing (1)
- Community (1)
- Configural encoding (1)
- Confinement (1)
- Coping mechanisms (1)
- Cultural studies (1)
- Decoding (1)
- Deep learning (1)
- Dog (1)
- Empathy (1)
- Empathy toward animals (1)
- Encoding (1)
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Articles 1 - 21 of 21
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Stressors, Coping Mechanisms, And Uplifts Of Commercial Fishing In Alaska: A Qualitative Approach To Factors Affecting Human Performance In Extreme Environments, Jennifer Pickett, Joeri Hofmans
Stressors, Coping Mechanisms, And Uplifts Of Commercial Fishing In Alaska: A Qualitative Approach To Factors Affecting Human Performance In Extreme Environments, Jennifer Pickett, Joeri Hofmans
Journal of Human Performance in Extreme Environments
We depict the physical and psychological challenges of commercial fishing in Alaska as well as the uplifts, or positive experiences fishermen report. We describe an array of coping methods that are utilized during the fishing season and the contexts in which they occur. Our findings help clarify the link between human behavior, stressors, coping mechanisms employed, and uplifts experienced when working in extreme conditions. By doing this, we provide a better understanding of the effects that severe conditions have on wellbeing, such as working for long periods of time in cramped quarters in remote, extreme environments, and how Alaskan fishermen …
‘‘The Greatest Teacher, Failure Is’’: Handling Failure In Military Parachute Training, David Bergman
‘‘The Greatest Teacher, Failure Is’’: Handling Failure In Military Parachute Training, David Bergman
Journal of Human Performance in Extreme Environments
The present study examined failure in an extreme setting within a military parachute training course used to better prepare individuals for combat. A grounded theory analysis of interviews and observations led to four interdependent reasons for failure, three mediating factors of how failure was perceived, and eight ways of coping in how individuals handled failure. Two overarching master themes were established of decision aversion where individuals tend to avoid making decisions regarding their own failure in order to minimize guilt and shame, and externalization where attribution is made primarily to causes outside the self in order to maintain a positive …
Human Adaptability For Deep Space Missions: An Exploratory Study, Paul T. Bartone, Robert R. Roland, Jocelyn V. Bartone, Gerald P. Krueger, Albert A. Sciarretta, Bjorn Helge Johnsen
Human Adaptability For Deep Space Missions: An Exploratory Study, Paul T. Bartone, Robert R. Roland, Jocelyn V. Bartone, Gerald P. Krueger, Albert A. Sciarretta, Bjorn Helge Johnsen
Journal of Human Performance in Extreme Environments
The present qualitative study conducts in-depth interviews with astronauts and other subject matter experts in order to shed light on human adaptability in extreme environments. Deep space travel will entail a range of highly stressful conditions to which astronauts must adapt. Feelings of isolation will be increased, as the space traveler is farther from Earth for longer periods of time. Daily life will take place in small and confined areas, for durations extending into years. The dangers of the extreme environment of space are ever-present, and failure of critical equipment or components can lead to death. Astronauts will need to …
Interpersonal And Pet Attachment, Empathy Toward Animals, And Anthropomorphism: An Investigation Of Pet Owners In Romania, Alina Simona Rusu, Carmen Costea-Barlutiu, Dennis C. Turner
Interpersonal And Pet Attachment, Empathy Toward Animals, And Anthropomorphism: An Investigation Of Pet Owners In Romania, Alina Simona Rusu, Carmen Costea-Barlutiu, Dennis C. Turner
People and Animals: The International Journal of Research and Practice
The current study investigates the associations between interpersonal and pet attachment (anxiety and avoidance dimensions), empathy toward animals, and anthropomorphism in the Romanian cultural context, where problems regarding the effectiveness of pet management programs are still being reported. A sample of 244 adult respondents, with a mean age of 32.9 years, mostly females (89.8%) and pet owners, completed standard instruments of interpersonal and pet attachment, empathy toward animals and anthropomorphism. In agreement with other studies in the field of human-animal interactions, our data indicate that female pet owners scored higher than male owners in empathy toward animals and the level …
Paws For Thought: The Importance Of Dogs In A Seniors Social Intervention, Elisa Maria Concetta Papotto, Jessica Lee Oliva Dr
Paws For Thought: The Importance Of Dogs In A Seniors Social Intervention, Elisa Maria Concetta Papotto, Jessica Lee Oliva Dr
People and Animals: The International Journal of Research and Practice
As Australia faces an aging population with an unprecedented life expectancy, it is the community’s obligation to ensure seniors are offered resources to support their well-being. Studies investigating loneliness in aged-care facilities attest to the therapeutic properties of dogs for residents’ sense of well-being. Consequently, this study aimed to ascertain the effectiveness of a community-based dog lover’s initiative for the self-management of well-being among senior citizens. Our qualitative research investigated whether community gatherings including dogs would produce greater feelings of subjective well-being among senior citizens compared to community gatherings without dogs. A conventional content analysis provided support for the supposition …
Psychosocial Impact Of Pet Keeping On Schoolchildren In China, Yanxia Song, Toshiya Hirose, Naoko Koda
Psychosocial Impact Of Pet Keeping On Schoolchildren In China, Yanxia Song, Toshiya Hirose, Naoko Koda
People and Animals: The International Journal of Research and Practice
Studies in Western countries have demonstrated the benefits of pets for humans. However, there are not many studies on human-pet relationships in different cultures and societies; for example, few in Asia. This questionnaire survey demonstrated that attachment to pets benefits the psychosocial development of schoolchildren aged 9 to 16 years (n = 599: 340 boys and 259 girls, 284 rural students and 315 urban students) in Hunan Province, central south China. Children with higher attachment to their pets scored higher on the scales of self-efficacy and empathy than those with lower attachment and those who had no pets. Moreover, girls …
The Intersection Of Aging And Pet Guardianship: Influences Of Health And Social Support, Ranell L. Mueller, Elizabeth G. Hunter
The Intersection Of Aging And Pet Guardianship: Influences Of Health And Social Support, Ranell L. Mueller, Elizabeth G. Hunter
People and Animals: The International Journal of Research and Practice
Studies of the human-animal bond show many positive health effects for pet guardians including a sense of companionship, reduced depression and loneliness, and higher activity levels, yet few studies have examined factors such as how the pet guardians’ health, age, and social networks influence their relationship with and ability to care for their pet. These health factors may affect the ability of older adults to care for their pets, therefore inhibiting them from reaping positive benefits associated with pet guardianship. This qualitative study involved 21 in-depth interviews with older adults, aged 60+, who were pet guardians. Four themes emerged from …
Effects Of Short-Term Human-Horse Interactions On Human Heart Rate Variability: A Multiple Single Case Study, Saan Ecker, Amy Lykins
Effects Of Short-Term Human-Horse Interactions On Human Heart Rate Variability: A Multiple Single Case Study, Saan Ecker, Amy Lykins
People and Animals: The International Journal of Research and Practice
Influences from human-horse interactions form the basis of the emerging field of equine-assisted psychotherapy (EAP). However, the psychophysiological effects of horses on humans in the EAP context have been underinvestigated. This multiple single case design study examined the effects of short-term human-horse interactions on human heart rate variability (HRV). Nine adults with limited prior experience with horses participated in time-limited in vivo exposures to five different free-roaming horses in a yard. Results were mixed with HRV improving from a preexposure baseline in 40% and deteriorating in 23% of the 43 ten-minute horse-human interactions. In the remaining horse-human interactions, HRV was …
The Broader Autism Phenotype In Early Childhood: Associations With Maternal Play Behaviors, Kezia Setiawan
The Broader Autism Phenotype In Early Childhood: Associations With Maternal Play Behaviors, Kezia Setiawan
The Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research
No abstract provided.
The Influence Of Tropical Climate On Cognitive Task Performance And Aiming Accuracy In Young International Fencers, Nicolas Robin, Aurelie Collado, Stephane Sinnapah, Elisabeth Rosnet, Olivier Hue, Guillaume R. Coudevylle
The Influence Of Tropical Climate On Cognitive Task Performance And Aiming Accuracy In Young International Fencers, Nicolas Robin, Aurelie Collado, Stephane Sinnapah, Elisabeth Rosnet, Olivier Hue, Guillaume R. Coudevylle
Journal of Human Performance in Extreme Environments
This study examined how a tropical climate (TC) influences the cognitive and aiming task performances of young international fencers. The participants performed the tasks in TC and an air-conditioned room. In each session, they completed questionnaires evaluating affective states, fatigue, and comfort and thermal sensations. They also carried out cognitive tasks (simple and choice reaction time, attention, and vigilance tasks) and a motor task testing aiming accuracy with a sword while wearing protective clothing and a mask. TC, which was observed to decrease thermal discomfort, was revealed to decrease aiming accuracy and positive affective states. There was no deleterious effect …
Transforming Trauma: Resilience And Healing Through Our Connections With Animals, Philip Tedeschi, Molly Anne Jenkins
Transforming Trauma: Resilience And Healing Through Our Connections With Animals, Philip Tedeschi, Molly Anne Jenkins
Purdue University Press Books
Have you ever looked deep into the eyes of an animal and felt entirely known? Often, the connections we share with non-human animals represent our safest and most reliable relationships, offering unique and profound opportunities for healing in periods of hardship. This book focuses on research developments, models, and practical applications of human-animal connection and animal-assisted intervention for diverse populations who have experienced trauma. Physiological and psychological trauma are explored across three broad and interconnected domains: 1) child maltreatment and family violence; 2) acute and post-traumatic stress, including military service, war, and developmental trauma; and 3) times of crisis, such …
Is The Selective Tuning Model Of Visual Attention Still Relevant?, John K. Tsotsos
Is The Selective Tuning Model Of Visual Attention Still Relevant?, John K. Tsotsos
MODVIS Workshop
No abstract provided.
The Fluid Representations Of Networks Estimating Liquid Viscosity, Jan Jaap R. Van Assen, Shin'ya Nishida, Roland W. Fleming
The Fluid Representations Of Networks Estimating Liquid Viscosity, Jan Jaap R. Van Assen, Shin'ya Nishida, Roland W. Fleming
MODVIS Workshop
No abstract provided.
Selecting Maximally-Predictive Deep Features To Explain What Drives Fixations In Free-Viewing, Matthias Kümmerer, Thomas S.A. Wallis, Matthias Bethge
Selecting Maximally-Predictive Deep Features To Explain What Drives Fixations In Free-Viewing, Matthias Kümmerer, Thomas S.A. Wallis, Matthias Bethge
MODVIS Workshop
No abstract provided.
Modelling Human Perception Of High Gloss Materials Using Neural Networks, Konrad E. Prokott, Hideki Tamura, Roland W. Fleming
Modelling Human Perception Of High Gloss Materials Using Neural Networks, Konrad E. Prokott, Hideki Tamura, Roland W. Fleming
MODVIS Workshop
No abstract provided.
Differentiating Changes In Population Encoding Models With Psychophysics And Neuroimaging, Jason Hays, Fabian Soto Phd
Differentiating Changes In Population Encoding Models With Psychophysics And Neuroimaging, Jason Hays, Fabian Soto Phd
MODVIS Workshop
It is now common among visual scientists to make inferences about neural population coding of stimuli from indirect measures such as those provided by neuroimaging and psychophysics. The success of such studies depends strongly on simulation work using standard population encoding models extended with decoders (in psychophysics) and measurement models (in neuroimaging). However, not all studies are accompanied by simulation work, and those that are tend to vary widely in their assumptions about encoding, decoding, and measurement. To solve these issues, we designed a Python package (PEMGUIN) to assist computational modelling by providing simple ways to manage encoders' tuning functions, …
Recovering Depth From Stereo Without Using Any Oculomotor Information, Tadamasa Sawada
Recovering Depth From Stereo Without Using Any Oculomotor Information, Tadamasa Sawada
MODVIS Workshop
The human visual system uses binocular disparity to perceive depth within 3D scenes. It is commonly assumed that the visual system needs oculomotor information about the relative orientation of the two eyes to perceive depth on the basis of binocular disparity. The necessary oculomotor information can be obtained from an efference copy of the oculomotor signals, or from a 2D distribution of the vertical disparity, specifically, from the vertical component of binocular disparity. It is known that oculomotor information from the efference copy and from the vertical disparity distribution can affect the perception of depth based on binocular disparity. But, …
An Observer Model Version Of General Recognition Theory, Fabian Soto Phd
An Observer Model Version Of General Recognition Theory, Fabian Soto Phd
MODVIS Workshop
No abstract provided.
The Challenge For Vision Of Fluctuating Real-World Illumination, David H. Foster
The Challenge For Vision Of Fluctuating Real-World Illumination, David H. Foster
MODVIS Workshop
No abstract provided.
Safety–Performance Management In Extreme Sports? A Situated Analysis In Spearfishing Activity, Aude Villemain, Willy Buchmann
Safety–Performance Management In Extreme Sports? A Situated Analysis In Spearfishing Activity, Aude Villemain, Willy Buchmann
Journal of Human Performance in Extreme Environments
The aim of this research is to understand safety–performance articulation in spearfishing through the study of the global, specific, and temporal organization of an elite free diver’s activity. Three kinds of data were collected: diary reports, ten elicitation interviews on spearfishing, and two self-confrontation interviews on successful and failed apneas. The results indicated (1) the spearfisher’s global organization during the spearfishing set, (2) the alternation of intentions during apnea and periods of stabilization, (3) harmony with the environment, and (4) the strategy of keeping pace with the fish. The article will discuss the specific competence development needed to manage the …
Trespassing Physical Boundaries: Transgression, Vulnerability And Resistance In Sarah Kane’S Blasted (1995), Paula Barba Guerrero, Ana Mª Manzanas Calvo
Trespassing Physical Boundaries: Transgression, Vulnerability And Resistance In Sarah Kane’S Blasted (1995), Paula Barba Guerrero, Ana Mª Manzanas Calvo
CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture
Sarah Kane’s Blasted has been analyzed from various perspectives that address the layers of destruction it exposes. From the questioning of its title and meaning, to the unravelling of the protagonists’ abusive relationship, the analyses have emphasized the depiction of vulnerability as the defining human trait that Jean Ganteau observes in contemporary British literature. However, a key aspect has been overlooked in the critical response to the play: for Kane vulnerability does not equal helplessness, but rather stands in opposition to it. Hence, this article concentrates on how Blasted formulates a new understanding of vulnerability that fits Judith Butler’s later …