Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Capital Punishment Reforms In Illinois: Comparing The Views Of Police, Prosecutors, And Public Defenders, Robert M. Lombardo, David Olson

Criminal Justice & Criminology: Faculty Publications & Other Works

On 9 March 2011, Governor Patrick Quinn abolished capital punishment in Illinois stating that the state’s system of imposing the death penalty was inherently flawed. Quinn’s announcement followed an eleven-year effort to end the death penalty that began with a 2000 moratorium on executions imposed by then Governor George Ryan. This moratorium was the direct result of the appellate reversal of a series of death-row convictions. Prompted by these reversals, Ryan also created the Governor’s Commission on Capital Punishment to study the use of the death penalty in Illinois. As a result of this effort, comprehensive legislation was enacted to …

What Does Your Repository Do? Measuring And Calculating Impact, Margaret Heller

University Libraries: Faculty Publications and Other Works

A multifaceted approach at understanding the impact of institutional repositories using both quantitative and qualitative processes, particularly with regards to alignment with institutional mission.

Youth Gangs: An Overview Of Key Findings And Directions For The Future, Terrance J. Taylor, J. Michael Vecchio

Criminal Justice & Criminology: Faculty Publications & Other Works

Youth gangs have received considerable attention for many decades. Undoubtedly, their disproportionate involvement in violence is one main reason for this attention. While gang members spend most of their lives engaging in the same types of behaviors as other youth (sleeping, eating, playing video games, going to school), they are also much more likely than non-gang members to be involved in violence and other criminal activity. Indeed, scholars have often highlighted the functional nature of violence as it pertains to gangs.

Gangs come in a variety of forms: prison gangs, outlaw motorcycle gangs, extremist groups, and drug trafficking organizations, among …

How Secular Should Democracy Be? A Cross-Disciplinary Study Of Catholicism And Islam In Promoting Public Reason, David Ingram, David Ingram

Philosophy: Faculty Publications and Other Works

I argue that the same factors (strategic and principled) that motivated Catholicism to champion liberal democracy are the same that motivate 21^st Century Islam to do the same. I defend this claim by linking political liberalism to democratic secularism. Distinguishing institutional, political, and epistemic dimensions of democratic secularism, I show that moderate forms of political and epistemic secularism are most conducive to fostering the kind of public reasoning essential to democratic legitimacy. This demonstration draws upon the ambivalent impact of Indonesia’s Islamic parties in advancing universal social justice aims as against more sectarian policies.

Celebrating Faculty Scholarship: Bibliography - 2013, Loyola University Chicago

University Libraries: Faculty Publications and Other Works

A bibliography of faculty publications submitted for inclusion in the fifth annual 'Celebrating Faculty Scholarship' event sponsored by Loyola University Libraries. The event, which took place on October 21, 2014 in the Richard J. Klarchek Information Commons on the university's Lake Shore Campus, featured articles, books, creative works, and other materials authored by Loyola University Chicago faculty in 2013.

Civil Society Organizations Supporting Genocide And Mass Atrocity Prevention At The Multilateral Level, Jennifer Smyser

Jan Karski Conference

No abstract provided.

Simulating The Turkish Tax System, Adem Ileri, Pinar Derin-Güre

Topics in Middle Eastern and North African Economies

Tax systems are used for economic and social concerns such as promoting the economic growth or decreasing the income inequality and tax evasion, increasing the social welfare, etc. Researchers argue that the consumption taxes are quite high in Turkey compared to other OECD countries. Since, the proposed tax reform in this study decreases the VAT rate to 15 percent and increases the top statutory income tax rate to 40 percent. This paper constructs and present first set of a 55-period overlapping generations (OLG) model for Turkey to analyze and evaluate the impact of tax reform on macroeconomic variables and welfare. …

Fdi Effects On Economic Growth: The Role Of Natural Resource And Environmental Policy, Maryam Asghari, Nathalie Hilmi, Alain Safa

Topics in Middle Eastern and North African Economies

Foreign direct investment (FDI) is a crucial ingredient of the global economy. In the Persian Gulf, FDI is a major source of economic growth, employment, technology, and productivity. Because of these benefits, attracting FDI in the Persian Gulf region has become a key element of strategies promoting economic development. Natural resources and environmental policy in host countries may affect the FDIeconomic growth relationship. There has been much dispute as to whether economies that are open and those with more natural capital and lax environmental policy grow faster. This paper examines whether natural resources and environmental policy in Persian Gulf countries …

Is Poverty A Cause Or A Result Of Poor Labor Market Performance In Turkey?, Ayse Aylin Bayar, Serkhan Degirmenci

Topics in Middle Eastern and North African Economies

The Turkish economy has shown great economic growth performance from 2000 onwards. Many main macroeconomic indicators show remarkable improvement, including poverty and income inequality. Although poverty has declined; it still has one of the highest ratios compared to other developing countries. In this respect, fighting against poverty and sustaining poverty alleviation are still very substantial issues for Turkey. Similarly, the labor force participation rate of females in the urban labor market has an increasing trend over this period. And, again the female labor force participation rate is one of the lowest ratios among OECD countries. With these examples in mind, …

Do Wives’ Earnings Have An Impact On Income Inequality?: Evidence From Turkey, Ayse Aylin Bayar, Bengi Yanik İlhan

Topics in Middle Eastern and North African Economies

The Turkish economy has been experiencing a structural transformation as a result of economic liberalization, especially after the 1990s. Liberalization and integration to the world economy have had inevitable distributional consequences. In that sense, trends in the distribution of income have received substantial attention in recent years. As income inequality becomes an important issue for developing countries, gender (in)equality in Turkey also has gained attention. There exists a vast survey in the literature about the relationship between gender discrimination and inequality. Mainly, more recent research has concentrated on the reasons for gender discrimination in the labor market and its effects …

The Impact Of Institutional Quality In Attracting Foreign Direct Investment In Algeria, Bounoua Chaib, Matallah Siham

Topics in Middle Eastern and North African Economies

This study examines the impact of institutional quality in attracting FDI in Algeria over the period 1995-2011 using the Heritage Foundation’s economic freedom index which reflects economic institutional quality (EIQ) and two governance indicators, namely: government effectiveness (GE) and voice and accountability (VA) that represent political institutional quality. The Johansen cointegration test has been employed in order to investigate the existence of long-run relationships among the tested variables. Additionally, the vector error correction model (VECM) has been applied to analyze the long-run and short-run dynamic relationships among the various time series, besides using both impulse response functions and variance decomposition. …

Governance And Economic Growth: Interpretations For Mena Countries, Noha Emara, Eric Jhonsa

Topics in Middle Eastern and North African Economies

Using Two-stage Least Square (TSLS) regression for cross-sectional observations of 197 countries for the year 2009, the study estimates the impact of the improvement in the quality of governance on per capita income and the increase in per capita income on the quality of governance. Following Kaufman and Kraay (2002) methodology, the results suggest a positive, strong statistically significant causation from quality of governance to per capita income. In addition, the results suggest a positive causation from per capita income to quality of governance. The estimation results are used to interpret the relationship between governance and growth for 22 MENA …

Quantitative Evaluation Of The Struggle Of Economic Performance: The Case Of Mena Countries, Noha Emara

Topics in Middle Eastern and North African Economies

The recent political uprising in the Middle East and North African (MENA) economies shines the light on evaluating the so-called structural reforms that are aimed at achieving economic freedom. This paper examines the impact of liberal policies on the economic performance of labor and capital productivity in MENA economies. Using nonlinear Panel Least Squares regression with regional dummies and period fixed effects (LSDV) for a sample of 18 MENA countries over the period 1995-2009, the study estimates the impact of different aspects of economic freedom on labor and capital productivity. The economic freedom measure encompass different areas, including freedom of …

Competition And Economic Growth: An Empirical Analysis With Special Reference To Mena Countries, Marwa W. Gomaa

Topics in Middle Eastern and North African Economies

The underlying study analyzes the impact of competition on economic growth, and tests whether this impact might change according to the technological gap between the observed country and the technological leader country. Using panel data estimation for a sample of 115 countries over the period 1995-2010, and controlling for the MENA countries in the sample, the results suggest that intensive domestic competition, proxied by business freedom, tends to hinder the growth rate of an economy independent of the country's distance from the technological frontier, providing evidence in support to the Schumpeterian argument. However this effect is almost negligible for MENA …

Cbe And Fx Devaluation: Bitter Enemies Or Is It Just A Matter Of Time? Analyzing The Impact Of An Egp Devaluation On Egypt’S Trade Balance, Ziad Waleed Amer

Topics in Middle Eastern and North African Economies

After the 2011 revolution, Egypt’s central Bank (CBE) changed its stance from a managed floating exchange rate regime to stabilizing the EGP, even though the market kept pushing for a devaluation to adjust Egypt’s trade competitiveness given the deteriorating state of the economy in general and the external balance specifically. This paper tries to judge the behavior of the Central Bank by looking at the possible effects of a real devaluation on Egypt’s trade competitiveness. Using an ARDL model, we study both the 2003 devaluation and the 2013 partial devaluation, and conclude that the impact of a real devaluation on …

Does The Budget Deficit Crowd-Out Private Credit From The Banking Sector? The Case Of Egypt, Samah Shetta, Ahmed Kamaly

Topics in Middle Eastern and North African Economies

Driven by the observed growing budget deficit and the heavy reliance on debtfinancing from the banking sector, this study sets to test the lazy banking hypothesis for Egypt. According to this hypothesis, government borrowing crowds out private investment through its dampening effect on private credit. The study estimates a VAR model using quarterly data spanning for almost four decades. The estimated model has unearthed a number of interesting results. As the government issues more debt instruments to finance its deficit, banks shift their portfolio away from risky private loans and opt for lazy behavior characterized by a shrinking overall credit …

An Analysis Of North Africa's Capacity To Achieve Renewable Energy Development, Wai Mun Hong

Topics in Middle Eastern and North African Economies

Although blessed with abundant solar and wind energies, North Africa has yet to maximise its socioeconomic gain from tapping these resources. In view of North African demographic and middle class expansion, energy demand is set to increase. Tapping renewable energy sources will not only address these problems, but also will be an impetus to the faltering socioeconomic dynamic the region needs to boost sustainable development to benefit from globalisation. However, with bureaucratic-laden institutions and corruptions hindering the private sector from flourishing, governments are compelled to mobilise public finances to cover the lack of private investments in renewable energy projects. Increasing …

Understanding The Yelp Review Filter: An Exploratory Study, David Kamerer

School of Communication: Faculty Publications and Other Works

Reviews on Yelp.com can be an important factor in driving customers to a business. However, many business owners have expressed concern with Yelp’s review filtering system, which was created to flag low–quality or fake reviews. This study performs a content analysis of a subset of Yelp restaurant and religious organization reviews, visible and filtered, exploring signals from the reviews or the reviewers that might explain the filtering process. The study finds that factors intrinsic to the review itself are not related to filtering, but factors related to the reviewer are strong predictors. The Yelp system is much more likely to …

What Does Your Repository Do?: Understanding And Calculating Impact, Margaret Heller

University Libraries: Faculty Publications and Other Works

Librarians working in scholarly communications need to understand how to calculate and explain how including work in a repository affects its impact. This presentation describes the current state of research and practice into metrics for repositories including traditional metrics and newer alternative metrics, and some preliminary results of a research study assessing the usage and impact of a Digital Commons repository.

Library Spaces In The 21st Century—Meeting The Challenges Of User Needs For Information, Technology, And Expertise, Robert A. Seal

University Libraries: Faculty Publications and Other Works

Libraries and library professionals face multiple challenges in meeting user needs in the second decade of the new millennium. This is particularly true in academic libraries where students and faculty demand and expect fast, easy, and seamless access to information as well as flexible, comfortable places to work alone was well as collaboratively with colleagues, friends, classmates, and instructors. These same patrons often require the assistance of information specialists to navigate a library’s increasingly large array of online resources. The past fifteen plus years have seen a major shift in philosophy in the U.S. and in other parts of the …

Neural Correlates Of Suspiciousness And Interactions With Anxiety During Emotional And Neutral Word Processing, Joscelyn E. Fisher, George A. Miller, Sarah M. Sass, Rebecca L. Silton

Psychology: Faculty Publications and Other Works

Suspiciousness is usually classified as a symptom of psychosis, but it also occurs in depression and anxiety disorders. Though how suspiciousness overlaps with depression is not obvious, suspiciousness does seem to overlap with anxious apprehension and anxious arousal (e.g., verbal iterative processes and vigilance about environmental threat). However, suspiciousness also has unique characteristics (e.g., concern about harm from others and vigilance about social threat). Given that both anxiety and suspiciousness have been associated with abnormalities in emotion processing, it is unclear whether it is the unique characteristics of suspiciousness or the overlap with anxiety that drive abnormalities in emotion processing. …

To Create True Sanctuary Cities, We Must End Racist Policing, Reyna Wences, Ruth Gomberg-Munoz

Anthropology: Faculty Publications and Other Works

No abstract provided.

Economic Conditions In Egypt: Current And Future, Gouda Abdel-Khalek

Topics in Middle Eastern and North African Economies

No abstract provided.

Poverty In Secular And Islamic Economics; Conceptualization And Poverty Alleviation Policy, With Reference To Egypt, Karima Korayem, Neamat Mashhour

Topics in Middle Eastern and North African Economies

No abstract provided.

Middle Class And Pro-Poor Growth In Egypt: The Missing Connection, Abeer Rashdan

Topics in Middle Eastern and North African Economies

Assessing whether distributional changes are “pro-poor” has become increasingly widespread in academic and policy circles. Based on the methodology of Ravallion and Chen (2003), Kakwani and Pernia (2000) and Kakwani, Khandker, and Son (2003) using grouped data, the paper generates three indices to test whether distributional changes were indeed pro-poor during the period (1990-2008). Another issue is whether pro-poor judgments should be correlative with the size of the middle class. The paper presents the evolution of middle class in Egypt using different thresholds. The middle class in Egypt has followed the path of bulging in size under a certain threshold …

Economic Development And Industrial Pollution In The Mediterranean Region: A Panel Data Analysis, Sevil Acar, Mahmut Tekce

Topics in Middle Eastern and North African Economies

This paper aims to analyse the determinants of industrial pollution in selected Mediterranean countries. As carbon dioxide (CO2) emerges as the main pollutant in the industrial sector, per capita CO2 emissions from manufacturing industries and construction has been taken as a proxy for industrial pollution. The study uses data from the World Development Indicators for the period 1971-2010. The results from the panel data model estimations indicate the existence of an inverse U-shaped relation between GDP per capita and industrial pollution in selected Mediterranean countries, which validates the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis. In addition, the share of industry, per capita …

Estimation Of Gender Wage Differentials Using Oaxaca Decomposition Technique, Marwa Biltagy

Topics in Middle Eastern and North African Economies

This paper focuses on estimating wage differences between males and females in Egypt to understand the determinants of the gender wage gap and control of this variation. The methodology of this paper is based on studying and analyzing the topic of wage differentials between males and females by using the Oaxaca decomposition technique. The data used in the analysis is obtained from the Egypt Labor Market Panel Survey 2006 (ELMPS 2006), which was presented by Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics (CAPMAS) in cooperation with Economic Research Forum (ERF). The findings of this paper help deepen the understanding of …

The Relationship Between Oil Price And The Algerian Exchange Rate, Abderrezak Benhabib, Si Mohammed Kamel, Samir Maliki

Topics in Middle Eastern and North African Economies

The goal of this study is to investigate the relationship between oil price and the nominal US Dollar/Algerian Dinar exchange rate through an empirical analysis using a VAR Model (Vector Autoregressive Model) upon monthly data for the period 2003-2013. Results show that a cointegration relationship is not detected between the oil and exchange rate in Algeria. However, the estimation of a VAR model indicates that a 1% increase in oil price would tend to depreciate Algerian Dinar against US Dollar by nearly 0.35%. This negative impact emphasizes how the Algerian dinar is a non-oil currency and explains how the foreign …

Attempts To Industrial Reforms In Algeria: Do They Fit The Logic Of Globalization?, Chérif Begga, Abdelhamid Merghit

Topics in Middle Eastern and North African Economies

Since its independence in 1962, Algeria, as an oil producing country, undertook the construction of a socialist economy supported by heavy industrialisation and substantial investment in human capital. This strategy of development was based on state-led industrialization, after it nationalized almost the whole economy in 1966. However, this policy focused on establishing large state enterprises and investing heavily in the public sector while not allowing any significant role for the private sector. This rapid industrialization resulted in severe inefficiencies in the productive capacity of various industries and generated fiscal imbalances in the mid-1970s, which constrained Algeria’s ability to continue its …

Regional Integration Effects On Investment And Growth In Algeria, Nacira Boukhezer

Topics in Middle Eastern and North African Economies

The positive effect of financial development on growth has led several authors to advocate the liberalization of the financial sector from the constraints caused by repressive policies disturbing its operation. This policy will theoretically promote financial deepening, which will positively impact growth through increased savings and its allocation to more profitable sectors. The new requirements of the global economy have made economic and financial systems more integrated and liberalized, encouraged by the formation of regional groupings. The partnership between Algeria and the European Union (EU) could be a way of convergence and development for the banking system which has long …