Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Articles 1 - 8 of 8
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Abortion Policy And Fertility Outcomes: The Eastern European Experience, Phillip B. Levine, Douglas Staiger
Abortion Policy And Fertility Outcomes: The Eastern European Experience, Phillip B. Levine, Douglas Staiger
Dartmouth Scholarship
Theory suggests that abortion restrictions will influence fertility outcomes such as pregnancy, abortion, and birth. This paper exploits the variations in abortion policy generated in Eastern Europe in the late 1980s and early 1990s to examine their impact on fertility outcomes. We distinguish among countries with severe, moderate, and few restrictions on abortion access and examine the impact of changes across all three categories. As we hypothesize, the results indicate that countries that changed from very restrictive to liberal abortion laws experienced a large reduction in births. Changes from modest restrictions to abortion available on request, however, led to no …
A Double-Edged Sword: Globalization And Biosecurity, Stephen G. Brooks, Kendall Hoyt
A Double-Edged Sword: Globalization And Biosecurity, Stephen G. Brooks, Kendall Hoyt
Dartmouth Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Sociological Realms Of Emotional Experience, Kathryn J. Lively, David R. Heise
Sociological Realms Of Emotional Experience, Kathryn J. Lively, David R. Heise
Dartmouth Scholarship
No abstract provided.
How Will 401(K) Pension Plans Affect Retirement Income?, Andrew A. Samwick, Jonathan Skinner
How Will 401(K) Pension Plans Affect Retirement Income?, Andrew A. Samwick, Jonathan Skinner
Dartmouth Scholarship
How has the emergence of defined contribution pensi on plans, such as 401(k) plans, affected the financial security of future retirees? We consider this question using a unique dataset of pension plan formulas for the Surveys of Consumer Finances in 1983 and 1989 and the characteristics of 401(k) plans from the Surveys of Consumer Finances between 1989 and 2001. Our simulations account for uncertainty in earnings and rates of return on stocks and bonds, ownership of company stock, uncertainty in earnings, and heterogeneity in asset choices, plan participation, and job tenure. We find that in the mid-1990s, 401(k) plans were …
Iatrogenic Specification Error: A Cautionary Tale Of Cleaning Data, Christopher R. Bollinger, Amitabh Chandra
Iatrogenic Specification Error: A Cautionary Tale Of Cleaning Data, Christopher R. Bollinger, Amitabh Chandra
Dartmouth Scholarship
In empirical research it is common practice to use sensible rules of thumb for cleaning data. Measurement error is often the justification for removing (trimming) or recoding (winsorizing) observations whose values lie outside a specified range. We consider a general measurement error process that nests many pl ausible models. Analytic results demonstrate that winsorizing and trimming are only solutions for a narrow class of measurement error processes. Indeed, for the measurement error processes found in most social-science data, such procedures can induce or exacerbate bias, and even inflate the variance estimates. We term this source of bias “Iatrogenic” (or econometrician …
Stage-Specific And Interactive Effects Of Sedimentation And Trout On A Headwater Stream Salamander, Winsor H. Lowe, Keith H. Nislow, Douglas T. Bolger
Stage-Specific And Interactive Effects Of Sedimentation And Trout On A Headwater Stream Salamander, Winsor H. Lowe, Keith H. Nislow, Douglas T. Bolger
Dartmouth Scholarship
In species with complex life cycles, stage-specific effects of environmental conditions combine with factors regulating stage-specific recruitment to determine population-level response to habitat disturbance. The abundance of the stream salamander Gyrinophilus porphyriticus(Plethodontidae) is negatively related to both logging-associated sedimentation and brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) in headwater streams throughout New Hampshire, USA. To understand the mechanisms underlying these patterns, we investigated stage-specific and interactive effects of sedimentation and brook trout on G. porphyriticus. We conducted quantitative surveys of salamanders, brook trout, and substrate embeddedness in 15 first-order streams and used a controlled experiment to test the direct and interactive effects of …
The Capital Asset Pricing Model: Theory And Evidence, Eugene F. Fama, Kenneth R. French
The Capital Asset Pricing Model: Theory And Evidence, Eugene F. Fama, Kenneth R. French
Dartmouth Scholarship
The capital asset pricing model (CAPM) of William Sharpe (1964) and John Lintner (1965) marks the birth of asset pricing theory (resulting in a Nobel Prize for Sharpe in 1990). Before their breakthrough, there were no asset pricing models built from first principles about the nature of tastes and investment opportunities and with clear testable predictions about risk and return. Four decades later, the CAPM is still widely used in applications, such as estimating the cost of equity capital for firms and evaluating the performance of managed portfolios. And it is the centerpiece, indeed often the only asset pricing model …
Policy Watch: Trade Adjustment Assistance, Katherine Baicker, M. Marit Rehavi
Policy Watch: Trade Adjustment Assistance, Katherine Baicker, M. Marit Rehavi
Dartmouth Scholarship
No abstract provided.