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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Cell Surface Antigens Of Mycoplasma Species Bovine Group 7 Bind And Activate Plasminogen, Kylie Bower, Steven Djordjevic, Nicholas M Andronicos, Marie Ranson
Cell Surface Antigens Of Mycoplasma Species Bovine Group 7 Bind And Activate Plasminogen, Kylie Bower, Steven Djordjevic, Nicholas M Andronicos, Marie Ranson
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Mycoplasma species bovine group 7 bound plasminogen at the cell surface in a lysine-dependent manner. Cell-bound plasminogen was rapidly activated to plasmin by exogenous urokinase, and this activity was associated with plasminogen binding capacity. Binding assays using plasminogen modified with a trifunctional cross-linking agent revealed several binding proteins.
Distribution Of Intimin Subtypes Among Escherichia Coli Isolates From Ruminant And Human Sources, Vidiya Ramachandran, Kim Brett, Michael A Hornitzky, Mark Dowton, Karl A Bettelheim, Mark J. Walker, Steven P. Djordjevic
Distribution Of Intimin Subtypes Among Escherichia Coli Isolates From Ruminant And Human Sources, Vidiya Ramachandran, Kim Brett, Michael A Hornitzky, Mark Dowton, Karl A Bettelheim, Mark J. Walker, Steven P. Djordjevic
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
The intimin gene eae, located within the locus of enterocyte effacement pathogenicity island, distinguishes enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) and some Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) strains from all other pathotypes of diarrheagenic E. coli. EPEC is a leading cause of infantile diarrhea in developing countries, and intimin-positive STEC isolates are typically associated with life-threatening diseases such as hemolytic-uremic syndrome and hemorrhagic colitis. Here we describe the development of a PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) assay that reliably differentiates all 11 known intimin types (α1, α2, β, γ, κ, ɛ, η, ι, λ, θ, and ζ) and three new …
Evolution Of Chemical Contaminant And Toxicology Studies, Part 1 - An Overview, Dianne F. Jolley, Glennys A. O'Brien, Robert John Morrison
Evolution Of Chemical Contaminant And Toxicology Studies, Part 1 - An Overview, Dianne F. Jolley, Glennys A. O'Brien, Robert John Morrison
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
The study of environmental chemical contaminants and their toxicological effects has changed dramatically over the last 50 years. Initially studies concentrated on trying to identify what contaminants were actually present and to develop quantitative methods to determine the concentrations (total) present. Health impacts were often investigated independently in medical research centres. With improving analytical techniques, studies of the speciation of contaminants began and the specific forms that were creating the major problems were gradually identified. Continuing improvements in analytical chemistry, together with a move towards more integrated and multidisciplinary research now sees chemists, biologists, toxicologists and health researchers working closely …
Evolution Of Chemical Contaminant And Toxicology Studies, Part 2- Case Studies Of Selenium And Arsenic, Glennys O'Brien, Dianne Jolley, Robert John Morrison
Evolution Of Chemical Contaminant And Toxicology Studies, Part 2- Case Studies Of Selenium And Arsenic, Glennys O'Brien, Dianne Jolley, Robert John Morrison
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
As the second of a two part series discussing the evolution of the field of environmental toxicology, this paper presents two case studies: selenium and arsenic. Developments over several decades in the understanding of the behaviour of arsenic and selenium in different chemical forms in various compartments of the environment are discussed. Selenium was initially thought to be toxic, but later investigations showed it to be an essential micronutrient with a variety of biochemical functions, and, importantly, that there is a very narrow gap between the essential and the toxic body burden. Arsenic, on the other hand, has not yet …
Streptococcus Pyogenes Prtfii, But Not Sfbi, Sfbii Or Fbp54, Is Represented More Frequently Among Invasive-Disease Isolates Of Tropical Australia, A. Delvecchio, B. J. Currie, Jason D. Mcarthur, Mark J. Walker, K. S. Sriprakash
Streptococcus Pyogenes Prtfii, But Not Sfbi, Sfbii Or Fbp54, Is Represented More Frequently Among Invasive-Disease Isolates Of Tropical Australia, A. Delvecchio, B. J. Currie, Jason D. Mcarthur, Mark J. Walker, K. S. Sriprakash
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococcus) strains may express several distinct ®bronectinbinding proteins (FBPs) which are considered as major streptococcal adhesins. Of the FBPs, SfbI was shown in Šitro to promote internalization of the bacterium into host cells and has been implicated in persistence. In the tropical Northern Territory, where group A streptococcal infection is common, multiple genotypes of the organism were found among isolates from invasive disease cases and no dominant strains were observed. To determine whether any FBPs is associated with invasive disease propensity of S. pyogenes, we have screened streptococcal isolates from bacteraemic and necrotizing fasciitis patients and …
Synthesis Of Chiral Allylic Amines Via Palladium(0) Catalysed Allylations Of Allylic Carbonates With Chiral Sulfinamide Anions, Zemin Dong, Stephen G. Pyne
Synthesis Of Chiral Allylic Amines Via Palladium(0) Catalysed Allylations Of Allylic Carbonates With Chiral Sulfinamide Anions, Zemin Dong, Stephen G. Pyne
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
The palladium(0) catalysed allylation reactions of allylic carbonates with chiral sulfinamide anions to give unstable allylic sulfinamide products are described. These products are readily converted to stable, chiral N-benzoyl or N-tosyl allylic amine derivatives with poor to modest enantiomeric purities (ee 23-41%).
Considerations For Capping Metal-Contaminated Sediments In Dynamic Estuarine Environments, Stuart L. Simpson, Ian D. Pryor, Ben R. Mewburn, Graeme E. Batley, Dianne F. Jolley
Considerations For Capping Metal-Contaminated Sediments In Dynamic Estuarine Environments, Stuart L. Simpson, Ian D. Pryor, Ben R. Mewburn, Graeme E. Batley, Dianne F. Jolley
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
The effects of tides, bioturbating organisms and periods of anoxia on metal fluxes from contaminated harbour sediments in a shallow tidal estuarine bay were studied, together with capping technology options for the containment of metal contaminants. Zinc fluxes from the sediments were high, ranging from 10 to 89 mg Zn /m2/day. In the absence of capping, experiments in corer reactors showed that simulated tidal processes increased zinc fluxes 5- fold. Fluxes were also greater in the presence of sediment-dwelling organisms. If organisms were removed, and recolonising organisms later added, their bioturbation activities initially lowered zinc fluxes, but fluxes …
Clusterin Is An Extracellular Chaperone That Specifically Interacts With Slowly Aggregating Proteins On Their Off-Folding Pathway, Stephen Poon, T. M. Treweek, Mark R. Wilson, Simon B. Easterbrook-Smith, John A. Carver
Clusterin Is An Extracellular Chaperone That Specifically Interacts With Slowly Aggregating Proteins On Their Off-Folding Pathway, Stephen Poon, T. M. Treweek, Mark R. Wilson, Simon B. Easterbrook-Smith, John A. Carver
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
Clusterin is an extracellular mammalian chaperone protein which inhibits stress-induced precipitation of many different proteins. The conformational state(s) of proteins that interact with clusterin and the stage(s) along the folding and off-folding (precipitation-bound) pathways where this interaction occurs were previously unknown. We investigated this by examining the interactions of clusterin with different structural forms of α-lactalbumin, γ-crystallin and lysozyme. When assessed by ELISA and native gel electrophoresis, clusterin did not bind to various stable, intermediately folded states of α-lactalbumin nor to the native form of this protein, but did bind to and inhibit the slow precipitation of reduced α-lactalbumin. Reduction-induced …
Synthesis Of (+/-)Epipentenomycin I And Iii, Weerachai Phutdhawong, Stephen G. Pyne, Apiwat Baramee, Duang Buddhasukh, Brian W. Skelton, Allan H. White
Synthesis Of (+/-)Epipentenomycin I And Iii, Weerachai Phutdhawong, Stephen G. Pyne, Apiwat Baramee, Duang Buddhasukh, Brian W. Skelton, Allan H. White
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
A synthesis of (±) epipentenomycin I and III is reported from a regioselective epoxidation of racemic 3-hydroxy- and 3-acetoxy-2-methylene-4-cyclopentenone, respectively, with dimethyldioxirane followed by hydrolytic ring-opening of the resulting epoxide.
Mildly Acidic Ph Activates The Extracellular Molecular Chaperone Clusterin, Stephen Poon, M. S. Rybchyn, S. B. Easterbrook-Smith, J. A. Carver, G. J. Pankhurst, Mark R. Wilson
Mildly Acidic Ph Activates The Extracellular Molecular Chaperone Clusterin, Stephen Poon, M. S. Rybchyn, S. B. Easterbrook-Smith, J. A. Carver, G. J. Pankhurst, Mark R. Wilson
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
Many features of the chaperone action of clusterin are similar to those of the intracellular small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) which, like clusterin, exist in solution as heterogeneous aggregates. Increased temperature induces dissociation of some sHSP aggregates and an enhanced chaperone action, suggesting that a dissociated form is the active chaperone species. We recently reported that clusterin aggregates dissociate at mildly acidic pH. To further explore the similarities between clusterin and the sHSPs, we tested the effects of temperature and pH on the structure of clusterin and its chaperone action. Our results demonstrate that increased temperature does not induce dissociation …
Indole Derivatives From The Egg Masses Of Muricid Molluscs, Kirsten Benkendorff, John B. Bremner, Andrew R. Davis
Indole Derivatives From The Egg Masses Of Muricid Molluscs, Kirsten Benkendorff, John B. Bremner, Andrew R. Davis
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
A range of brominated indole derivatives were found in the egg masses of six species of muricid molluscs. Several non-brominated indoles were also present in the eggs of two Mediterranean Muricidae, although these were not found in the Australian species. Tyrindoleninone (3), was the only compound found in all six species and is likely to be responsible for the observed antimicrobial activity of these muricid egg masses [1,2]. These bioactive indoles appear to be characteristic of muricid egg masses and were not found in the egg masses from 17 species in different families of marine molluscs.
Initial Studies On Alkaloids From Lombok Medicinal Plants, Surya Hadi, John B. Bremner
Initial Studies On Alkaloids From Lombok Medicinal Plants, Surya Hadi, John B. Bremner
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Initial investigation of medicinal plants from Lombok has resulted in the collection of 100 plant species predicted to have antimicrobial, including antimalarial, properties according to local medicinal uses. These plants represent 49 families and 80 genera; 23% of the plants tested positively for alkaloids. Among the plants testing positive, five have been selected for further investigation involving structure elucidation and antimicrobial testing on the extracted alkaloids. Initial work on structural elucidation of some of the alkaloids is reported briefly.
Detection Of P2x Purinergic Receptors On Human B Lymphocytes, Ronald Sluyter, J A. Barden, James Wiley
Detection Of P2x Purinergic Receptors On Human B Lymphocytes, Ronald Sluyter, J A. Barden, James Wiley
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
B lymphocytes are known to synthesise the P2X(7) subtype of the P2X purinergic receptor family; however, the identification of the other six P2X subtypes on these cells has been limited by the absence of specific antibodies. In this study, we used a panel of anti-P2X polyclonal antibodies and confocal microscopy to examine the presence of each P2X receptor on human B lymphocytes. We observed that P2X(1), P2X(2), P2X(4) and P2X(7) subtypes, but not P2X(3), P2X(5) and P2X(6) subtypes, are present on B lymphocytes.
Enhanced Tumor Growth In Uv-Irradiated Skin Is Associated With An Influx Of Inflammatory Cells Into The Epidermis, Ronald Sluyter, Gary M. Halliday
Enhanced Tumor Growth In Uv-Irradiated Skin Is Associated With An Influx Of Inflammatory Cells Into The Epidermis, Ronald Sluyter, Gary M. Halliday
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
UV radiation causes a number of cellular changes within the skin which play a role in tumor outgrowth, including immunosuppression and production of growth-enhancing cytokines, Both of these enable tumors to grow but their relative importance in carcinogenesis is poorly defined. In this study, C3H/HeN mice were exposed to a single inflammatory dose of 410 mJ/cm(2) UVB radiation (plus 100 mJ/cm2 UVA radiation) followed by the inoculation of a regressor squamous cell carcinoma into or the painting of oxazolone onto the treated skin. Tumors transplanted 2 or 3 but not 4 days after irradiation had a significantly higher growth rate …
Single Nucleotide Primer Extension (Snupe) Analysis Of The G6pd Gene In Somatic Cells And Oocytes Of A Kangaroo (Macropus Robustus), Debbie Watson, Anita S. Jacombs, David A. Loebel, Edward S. Robinson, Peter G. Johnston
Single Nucleotide Primer Extension (Snupe) Analysis Of The G6pd Gene In Somatic Cells And Oocytes Of A Kangaroo (Macropus Robustus), Debbie Watson, Anita S. Jacombs, David A. Loebel, Edward S. Robinson, Peter G. Johnston
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
cDNA sequence analysis of the X-linked glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) gene has shown a base difference between two subspecies of the kangaroo, Macropus robustus robustus (wallaroo) and M. r. erubescens (euro). A thymine residue in the wallaroo at position 358 in exon 5 has been replaced by a cytosine residue in the euro, which accounts for the previously reported electrophoretic difference between the two subspecies. This base difference allowed use of the Single Nucleotide Primer Extension (SNuPE) technique to study allele-specific expression of G6PD at the transcriptional level. We began by examining G6PD expression in somatic cells and observed complete paternal …
Role Of Phosphoglucomutase Of Bordetella Bronchiseptica In Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis And Virulence, Nicholas P. West, Heidrun Jungnitz, John Fitter, Jason D. Mcarthur, Carlos Guzman, Mark J. Walker
Role Of Phosphoglucomutase Of Bordetella Bronchiseptica In Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis And Virulence, Nicholas P. West, Heidrun Jungnitz, John Fitter, Jason D. Mcarthur, Carlos Guzman, Mark J. Walker
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
The phosphoglucomutase (PGM)-encoding gene of Bordetella bronchiseptica is required for lipopolysaccharide (LPS) biosynthesis. An insertion mutant of the wild-type B. bronchiseptica strain BB7865 which disrupted LPS biosynthesis was created and characterized (BB7865pgm). Genetic analysis of the mutated gene showed it shares high identity with PGM genes of various bacterial species and forms part of an operon which also encompasses the gene encoding phosphoglucose isomerase. Functional assays for PGM revealed that enzyme activity is expressed in bothbvg-positive and bvg-negative strains ofB. bronchiseptica and is substantially reduced in BB7865pgm. Complementation of the mutated PGM …
Clusterin Protein Diversity In The Primate Eye, Paul Wong, Bruce A. Pfeffer, Steven L. Bernstein, Michelle L. Chambers, Gerald J. Chader, Zahra F. Zakeri, Yan-Q Wu, Mark Wilson, S Patricia Becerra
Clusterin Protein Diversity In The Primate Eye, Paul Wong, Bruce A. Pfeffer, Steven L. Bernstein, Michelle L. Chambers, Gerald J. Chader, Zahra F. Zakeri, Yan-Q Wu, Mark Wilson, S Patricia Becerra
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Purpose: The clusterin gene encodes a multi-functional protein that has been identified in different tissues, including a number of different eye tissues, primarily in the mouse and to a much lesser extent in humans. Clusterin has been implicated in a number of cellular processes such as lipid transport, membrane integrity, apoptosis, and neurodegeneration, all of which could be important to the biology of the eye. In the current communication, we provide data that confirms the expression of clusterin in a number of different human eye tissues and establishes the expression profile of this gene in monkey derived eye tissues. The …
Electrospray Ionisation Mass Spectrometry Of Ruthenium And Palladium Complexes With Oligonucleotides, Jennifer L. Beck, Amy Humphries, Margaret Sheil, Stephen F. Ralph
Electrospray Ionisation Mass Spectrometry Of Ruthenium And Palladium Complexes With Oligonucleotides, Jennifer L. Beck, Amy Humphries, Margaret Sheil, Stephen F. Ralph
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
No abstract provided.
Synthesis Of Thiazole Analogues Of The Immunosuppressive Agent (1r,2s,3r)-2-Acetyl-4(5)-(1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroxybutyl)Imidazole, George R. Jeoffreys, Alison T. Ung, Stephen G. Pyne, Brian W. Skelton, Allan H. White
Synthesis Of Thiazole Analogues Of The Immunosuppressive Agent (1r,2s,3r)-2-Acetyl-4(5)-(1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroxybutyl)Imidazole, George R. Jeoffreys, Alison T. Ung, Stephen G. Pyne, Brian W. Skelton, Allan H. White
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
The synthesis of four of the diastereoisomers of 2-acetyl-5-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydroxybutyl)thiazole and two of the diastereoisomers of 2-acetyl-5-(1,2,3,4,5-pentahydroxypentyl)thiazole and 2-acetyl-4-(1,2,3,4,5-pentahydroxypentyl)thiazole are reported. These syntheses involve the condensation of 5- or 4-metallated 2-(1,1-dimethoxyethyl)thiazoles with 2,3-O-isopropylidene-D-erythrono-1,4-lactone or 5-O-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-2,3-O-isopropylidene-D-ribonolactone followed by reductive ring-opening of the resulting lactols. The stereochemistries and structures of some key compounds have been determined by single crystal X-ray structural analysis.
[60]Fullerene Amino Acids And Related Derivatives, Glenn A. Burley, Paul A. Keller, Stephen G. Pyne
[60]Fullerene Amino Acids And Related Derivatives, Glenn A. Burley, Paul A. Keller, Stephen G. Pyne
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
This paper is a review of the literature concerning the preparation of [60]fullerene amino acid and peptide derivatives. The structure and applications of these derivatives to the biological and material sciences is also presented.
Effect Of Organic Solvents On The Separation Of Benzoic Acids By Capillary Electrophoresis, Young J. Lee, William E. Price, Margaret Sheil
Effect Of Organic Solvents On The Separation Of Benzoic Acids By Capillary Electrophoresis, Young J. Lee, William E. Price, Margaret Sheil
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
The effect of organic modifiers on the separation of a number of closely related isomeric benzoic acids by capillary electrophoresis is described. It is shown that while a single modifier concentration cannot help resolve the entire electropherogram, organic modifiers do significantly enhance the resolution of parts of the separation system by comparison with 40 mmol l-1 phosphate buffer. The effects on separation and retention times are discussed in terms of the effects on electroosmotic flow and the electrophoretic mobilities of the charged solutes. The effects were found to be modifier specific, although the trends were in the same direction (ie., …