Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Hot Topics In Recent Lis Publications, Guoying Liu

Leddy Library Presentations

No abstract provided.

Profound Health Care Discrimination Experienced By Transgender People: Rapid Systematic Review, Luisa Kcomt

Social Work Publications

Transgender people experience interpersonal and structural barriers which prevent them from accessing culturally and medically competent health care. This rapid systematic review examined the prevalence of health care discrimination among transgender people in the U.S. and drew comparisons with sexual minority samples and the general U.S. population. Eight primary studies with 35 prevalence estimates were analyzed. The transgender population experience profound rates of discrimination within the U.S. health care system. Compared to sexual minorities, transgender participants appear to be more compromised in their access to health care. Service providers must change structural inequities which contribute to transgender people’s invisibility

Rising Tides? Data Capture, Platform Accumulation, And New Monopolies In The Digital Music Economy, Leslie M. Meier, Vincent R. Manzerolle

Communication, Media & Film Publications

This article examines the roles of platform-based distribution and user data in the digital music economy. Drawing on trade press, newspaper coverage, and a consumer privacy complaint, we offer a critical analysis of tech-music partnerships forged between Samsung and Jay-Z (2013), Apple iTunes Store and U2 (2014), Tidal and Kanye West (2016), and Apple Music and Drake (2017). In these cases, information technology (IT) companies supported album releases, and music was used to generate user data and attention: logics of data and attention capture were interwoven. The IT and music industries have adapted their business strategies to what we conceptualize …

Green Behaviors In The Laboratory, Environmental Donations In The Field, Taberah Michelle D Couto

Major Papers

Behavior within an experiment is generally explained by either a pure profit motive or a response to the context of the experiment which is likely driven by different factors such as individuals' environmental friendliness. Are participants in laboratory experiments responding to the context of the experimental setting and not merely to a profit motive? Using a preliminary analysis, I draw evidence from data collected in a two-stage laboratory experiment designed and conducted by Palm-Forster et al. (In Press) at the University of Delaware. In the first stage of the experiment, participants performed a series of tasks concerning their tradeoffs between …

Election Cycles And The Allocation Of Foreign Aid, Darren Michael James Larue

Major Papers

In this study, I explore the political budget cycle effect on foreign aid spending on the extensive and intensive margins. I find evidence to support the statement that foreign aid is not neutral to the existence of elections but is in fact manipulated by the incumbent government one year before an election. This study is an improvement from the recent literature in two distinct ways. First, I explore the overall election cycle effect for the different sub-categories of official development assistance (ODA): debt relief, infrastructure, humanitarian aid, multi-sector aid, production aid, program aid, and social infrastructure aid. Second, I …

The Economic Impact Of The University Of Windsor On The Tri-County Region Through Education, Christian James George

Major Papers

We improve upon the groundwork that began with “The Economic Impact of the

University of Windsor on the Tri-County Region” by Tselmuun Tserenkhuu (2017). We

quantify the economic impact of education, measured by the aggregate income differential

of graduates of the University of Windsor who have stayed within the tri-county region and

found employment and those who graduate from the local college. Using data provided by

the University of Windsor, Leddy Library and tri-county census data, we estimate (1)

number of graduates the university has produced each year, (2) fraction of graduates who

remain in the tri-county region, (3) fraction …

Usage-Based Insurance Or The Implications Of Taking Big Brother For A Ride, Devina Lakhtakia

Major Papers

The use of telematics in the automobile industry has been growing recently to resolve the problem of asymmetric information in the insurance market related to the identification of the type of a driver. This paper aims to study the impact of the introduction of usage-based insurance on the market participants taking into account the privacy costs associated with the installation of such a behaviour-monitoring device. We assume that UBI is offered as part of the contract to the agents and is voluntary to install. Our findings suggest that no matter how highly an agent values her privacy, there will always …

Challenges Faced By Non-Profit Associations In Laos: A Case Study Of Huam Jai Asasamak, Raminder Kaur

Major Papers

This paper looks at the case study of Huam Jai Asasamak, a Non-Profit Association operating in Laos in order to understand various challenges faced by Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) in the socialist regime of the Laos. It uses participant observation as a research method based on time spent living in Laos as well as other qualitative research methods including document analysis, observation, and interviews. The paper gives a contextual overview of Laos and shows that civil society is a new phenomenon in Laos linked to social and political consequences of opening up of the Laos economy in 1980s. Furthermore, the …

Immigration Reform In Contemporary America: Why It May Never Happen., Amina Philbert-Ives

Major Papers

There have been several key moments in immigration reform in the United States since the 1960s, starting with major change in immigration policy that took place under President Johnson in 1965. This paper will examine two key moments of successful reform in US history - The Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965, and the 1986 Immigration Reform and Control Act. In recent times however, Americans have seen the failure of Congress to enact immigration reform, and the use by Presidents Obama and Trump of executive authority in order to bring about any sort of changes. Consequently, this paper will also …

Chinese Enclave Protections Among Married Chinese American Women: Exploratory Secondary Analysis Of Colon Cancer Survival, Luisa Kcomt, Kevin Gorey

Social Work Publications

Objective: Like the barrio advantage theory related to Mexican Americans, a theory about the protective effects of Chinese American enclaves is developing. Such protections were examined among socioeconomically vulnerable people with colon cancer.

Design: A colon cancer cohort established in California between 1995 and 2000, and followed until the enactment of the Affordable Care Act was utilized in this study. Secondary analysis was conducted on the 5-year survival among 127 Chinese Americans and 4524 other Americans (3810 non-Hispanic white and 714 Hispanic people). A third of the original cohort was selected from high poverty neighborhoods. Chinese American enclaves were neighborhoods …

The Theory And Practice Of Building Developmental States In The Global South, Jewellord Nem Singh, Jesse Salah Ovadia

Political Science Publications

Reviewing decades of thinking regarding the role of the state in economic development, we argue for the continued relevance of the concept of the ‘developmental state’. With reference to Argentina, Brazil, Ethiopia, Rwanda and China, we contend that new developmental states are evidence of a move beyond the historical experience of East Asian development. Further, we argue for the applicability of the developmental state framework to key questions of governance, institution building, industrial policy and the extractive industries, as well as to a wide variety of cases of successful and failed state-led development in the early twenty-first century.

Studying The Developmental State: Theory And Method In Research On Industrial Policy And State-Led Development In Africa, Jesse Salah Ovadia, Christina Wolf

Political Science Publications

This paper examines theoretical and methodological issues in the study of African developmental states. We argue that applying this concept beyond East Asia must take into account changes in the global economic context–in particular systemic tendencies towards deficient consumer demand–to uncover the conditions under which demand for commodity production remains or becomes expansionary. We further argue for a mixed methods case study approach to structural transformation, blending quantitative and qualitative evidence at multiple levels of analysis. The examples of concrete manufacturing and oil and gas in Nigeria and Tanzania illustrate our approach to researching state-led development in Africa.

Unlocking Open Access: How To Comply With Funders' Mandates., Helen Power

Leddy Library Publications

No abstract provided.

A Tale Of Two Ftzs: Reforming Canada's Foreign Trade Zone Program, Kyle Sousa

Major Papers

Foreign Trade Zones are a means of importing and exporting goods while avoiding the payment of tariffs on goods. This is done though the institution of zones that are solely relegated for this purpose which are operated outside of the government. The ultimate goal of FTZs is the abatement of tariffs and excise taxes within the zone, thus stimulating economic growth in the area that the zone is located by attracting foreign business interests. FTZs offer a level of flexibility to those who wish to make use of them, as they allow for money to be free rather than in …

Exploring The Role Of In-Person Components For Online Health Behavior Change Interventions: Can A Digital Person-To-Person Component Suffice?, Sara Santarossa, Deborah Kane, Charlene Y. Senn, Sarah J. Woodruff

Psychology Publications

© Sara Santarossa, Deborah Kane, Charlene Y Senn, Sarah J Woodruff. The growth of the digital environment provides tremendous opportunities to revolutionize health behavior change efforts. This paper explores the use of Web-based, mobile, and social media health behavior change interventions and determines whether there is a need for a face-to-face or an in-person component. It is further argued that that although in-person components can be beneficial for online interventions, a digital person-to-person component can foster similar results while dealing with challenges faced by traditional intervention approaches. Using a digital person-to-person component is rooted in social and behavioral theories such …

Predatory Publishing: How To Safely Navigate The Waters Of Open Access., Helen Power

Leddy Library Publications

Open access publishing enables scholarship to be openly accessible to everyone, which has countless benefits. However, the open access movement has opened the door for "predatory publishers" to take advantage of researchers surviving in this publish or perish academic landscape. Predatory journals are becoming increasingly common. Nursing researchers, instructors, and students need to be made aware of the dangers of predatory journals, and they need to know how to identify them. While there are blacklists and whitelists that can be used to aid in decision-making, it is critical to note that these lists can never be entirely up to date. …

The Interplay Between Human Rights And Accessibility Laws: Lessons Learned And Considerations For The Planned Federal Accessibility Legislation, Laverne Jacobs

Law Publications

In this study, the author analyzes, comparatively, the administrative governance functions of legislation that provides accessibility standards in six jurisdictions that also offer legal protection from discrimination to people with disabilities: Australia, the United Kingdom, the United States and the Canadian provinces of Ontario, Manitoba and Nova Scotia. The following governance functions were examined: a) creating accessibility standards, b) enforcing accessibility standards, c) enforcing decisions,d) encouraging compliance, e) raising public awareness (and promoting systemic culture change) and f) public education. The study was conducted with a view to understanding how human rights laws, principles and values can be used to …

A Study Of Electronic Logging Devices And Mandatory Entry Level Training In Ontario And Their Effects On The Shortage Of Truck Drivers In Windsor-Essex, Corey Isaac Shenken

Major Papers

North America, and more specifically, Windsor-Essex are currently in the midst of a truck driver shortage. This is happening in a time when more drivers are needed for today’s increased capacity and necessity of trucks on the road. Both the federal government of Canada and the provincial government of Ontario have introduced recent legislation that will have negative effects on the current shortage of truck drivers.

The federal government of Canada is introducing a mandatory Electronic Logging Device mandate to take place in December 2019, that will require all commercial transport truck drivers to install an electronic log that will …

Creating A Livable Region Through Sustainable Development Practices: Reorienting Development In Windsor-Essex Through The Implementation Of Light Rail Transit, Justin Morgan Appler

Major Papers

Windsor-Essex County lacks proper regional transportation, a major sustainability issue compounded by poor land use strategies, resulting in low-density suburban communities defined by extensive sprawl and heavy dependence on private automobile use. The current development direction of Windsor-Essex County is unsustainable on multiple levels, turning the region into space in which residents have limited options for how they can efficiently travel within their own municipality and to other municipalities. The downtown core of Windsor needs serious regeneration and the communities that make up the larger metropolitan region need an effective means of travel that is both environmentally sustainable and affordable. …

Functional Accessibility On The Web: How The Aoda Fails End Users, Jamie V. Kramer Ma, Chrp

Major Papers

The Accessibility for Ontarians with Disabilities Act, 2005 (AODA) impacts the way persons with disabilities are able to access goods and services in Ontario. With more than 3 million people living with disabilities in Ontario, it is essential to enact the legislation to create equity. The AODA equates “obtainable” with “accessible” without recognizing the stark contrast between having access to something and being able to keep informed because the content is created with persons with disabilities in mind. This paper focuses on the effectiveness of the AODA’s website compliance standards under the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) as required by …

Seniors Living With Alzheimer's Disease And Dementia: The Promise Of App Technology, Angelica Lu

Major Papers

The purpose of this paper considers the potential of seniors with Alzheimer’s Disease and dementia using “apps” on Mobile Application Technology that may assist their daily issues. Based on the Ontario 2017 budget, the government’s plan to improve health care services by providing additional funding will significantly impact citizens who use these services on a regular basis. Unfortunately, the number of Canadian citizens that will develop Alzheimer’s and dementia are projected to double in the next decade. Because of this projection, the Dementia Strategy is meant to assist those affected by the illness as well as ensuring their quality of …

Refuting The Sharing Economy: An Examination Of Mainstream And Critical Perspectives, Samar El-Khatib

Major Papers

This Major Research Paper analyzes dominant corporate narratives of the sharing economy, as well as offers a critical perspective to the key tenants of this new economic model.

The study focuses on answering the following question: To what extent does the municipal government of Toronto’s Sharing Economy webpage provide a favourable representation of the sharing economy, one that aligns closely with the dominant corporate narrative?

With a Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) of The City of Toronto’s Sharing Economy webpage found within the Policy, Research, Public Consultation and Events section of their website, this research aims to obtain an in-depth understanding …

Social Return On Investment As A Common Approach To Impact Measurement, Robert Michael Moore

Major Papers

Social Return on Investment (SROI) analysis is an outcome based approach that Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) can use to evaluate the social value created by their investments and to forecast the potential value created by those investments. It is used to demonstrate how social value can be measured using concrete indicators (monetary values). The process is sequential and formulaic – the researcher needs to follow the steps and input the applicable data before moving to the next steps. It is necessary to develop the simpler, overarching process of social impact measurement before evolving the analysis further. SROI transcends Social Impact Measurement …

Impacts Of Foreign Direct Investment (Fdi) On Rural Poverty In Developing Countries: The Case Of Mining Fdi In Ghana, Gabriel Adu

Major Papers

This study assesses the impacts of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the mining sector on rural poverty in Ghana. To this end, the study uses qualitative research techniques, and employs New Institutionalist and Marxist theoretical perspectives. The study notes that large-scale mining activities in Ghana have intensified with increased foreign capital involvement in the mining industry following the mining sector reforms in 1986. The study finds that whilst mining has the potential to reduce rural poverty by way of revenue generation, employment creation, and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), the weak institutional capacity in the country manifesting through the pro-investor mining …

Economic Analysis Of An Emerging-Economy Stock Market:The Case Of The Shanghai Stock Exchange, Minxu Yang

Major Papers

The objective of this study is three-fold. First, this study investigates the applicability of the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) to the Shanghai Stock Exchange (SSE). This study provides the latest estimates for the firm-level and portfolio betas for 1,406 companies in the SSE. Using a simplified method to estimate the portfolio betas, this study finds that the CAPM is applicable for the case of the SSE. Second, this study also finds that international macroeconomic movements captured by GDP growth, exchange rates, and stock market indices in other major markets significantly explain the stock prices for companies listed in the …

The Concurrent Rise Of Diversity And Islamophobia: A Comparative Study Of The Uk And France, Tugce Arslan

Major Papers

This paper assesses the current stance of multiculturalism and diversity in Europe by taking a closer look at the perception of Muslims in the United Kingdom and France. It is a comparative study that analyzes the sentiments of nationalism along with how a series of pivotal events that have impacted the integration process of the Muslim populations. A look at certain key factors such as cultural and identity clashes, increasing instability in the Middle East and the influence of the media, demonstrates a rise in Islamophobia in Europe. By focusing on how the rise in Islamophobia has affected the perception …

How Disney’S Abc Avoided Reporting Electronic Arts Star Wars Game Micro-Transactions, Rohan Khanna

Major Papers

With advancement in technology in the context of high speed internet, smartphones, animation and videogames to name a few, companies like Disney have been harnessing this evolution to help prosper in a capitalist competitive environment. Through the incorporation of Huckin’s Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), the research observes Disney’s attempt to fully leverage its newly acquired (costly) property, Star Wars in the realm of video games, to synergize promotional activities for the much more profitable films. The videogame is covered through articles and interviews on the ABC (American Broadcasting Company) news website and YouTube, respectively, and aims to report on the …

Native Advertising Disclosures In Journalism: An Assessment On The Accurate Reporting Of Disclosure Wording In Conveying Advertising Intent, Darko Milenkovic

Major Papers

The struggling journalism industry adopted the practice of native advertising to raise digital revenue. This practice offered advertisers a chance to purchase the services of a publication in order to have their story published. The goal of native advertising is for advertising to become invisible to consumers, and to be presented to audiences as if were regular editorial content. The only distinguishing feature is a disclosure, often identifying the accompanying article as being “Sponsored Content,” “Promoted Content”, “Custom Content,” or a “Paid Post.” This research paper discusses the struggles of journalism and digital advertising. It examines the many definitions of …

Managing Transboundary Water Resources: A Comparative Study Of The Great Lakes Of North America And The Great Lakes Of Africa, Derrick Gyamfi

Major Papers

Water is essential to life. This essential resource is not equitably distributed throughout the world. Therefore, countries that are fortunate enough to have water resources within their jurisdiction should take prudent measures to maximize the benefits that water resources bring to the people and the many lives they support. However, when a water resource is shared by two or more countries, its management becomes very difficult. It takes cooperation between the countries to effectively manage shared water resources.

The United States and Canada have proven that cooperation is all that is needed to manage shared water resources. In 1909, the …

Mobilizing The Audience Commodity 2.0: Digital Labour And Always-On Media, Vincent R. Manzerolle

Communication, Media & Film Publications

This paper re-examines the work of Dallas Smythe in light of the popularization of Internetenabled mobile devices (IMD). In an era of ubiquitous connectivity Smythe’s prescient analysis of audience ‘work’ offers a historical continuum in which to understand the proliferation of IMDs in everyday life. Following Smythe’s line of analysis, this paper argues that the expansion of waged and unwaged digital labour facilitated by these devices contributes to the overall mobilization of communicative, cognitive and co-operative capacities--capacities central to the accumulation strategies of ‘informational capitalism.’ As such, the rapid uptake of these devices globally is an integral component in this …