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Table Of Contents
Ethnic Studies Review
Table of Contents for Ethnic Studies Review, Vol. 20, April 1997.
Editor's Note, Faythe Tumer
Editor's Note, Faythe Tumer
Ethnic Studies Review
This issue of the Journal of the National Association of Ethnic Studies presents an interesting cross section of ethnic groups in the United States: Native American, Vietnamese, Latino, African American. Several of the articles involving these groups raise the persistent question of assimilation versus acculturation and where the health and welfare of the children of immigrants or the younger generation of immigrants lies. Shaw N. Gynan in "Hispanic Immigration and Spanish Maintenance as Indirect Measures of Ethnicity: Reality and Perceptions" has found that the newest generation of Latinos not only are more involved ethnically with their Spanish heritage than earlier …
National Traitors In Chicano Culture And Literature: Malinche And Chicano Homosexuals, Alma Rosa Alvarez
National Traitors In Chicano Culture And Literature: Malinche And Chicano Homosexuals, Alma Rosa Alvarez
Ethnic Studies Review
This article examines the literary representation of a treatment of homosexuality in Mexican/Chicano culture. In this study, Alvarez argues that this cultural treatment is rooted in the gender paradigm central to Mexican/Chicano culture: the narrative of La Malinche.
Community Versus Assimilation: A Study In American Assimilation At Saint Joseph's Indian Industrial School, Sarah Shillinger
Community Versus Assimilation: A Study In American Assimilation At Saint Joseph's Indian Industrial School, Sarah Shillinger
Ethnic Studies Review
No govemment policy has had more of an impact on American Indians than the boarding school movement of the early to mid-twentieth century. This movement isolated American Indian children from their homes and communities and attempted to assimilate them into European-American society. This article studies the effects of this policy on children at the Saint Joseph's Indian Industrial School in Wisconsin. It uses oral history to recapture the voices and experiences of teachers and students. The use of oral history allows a comprehensive understanding of the cultural, social and academic atmosphere of the school.
Giving Oral Expression "Free Rein": Implications For Diversity Of University Hate Speech Code, Tim A. Pilgrim
Giving Oral Expression "Free Rein": Implications For Diversity Of University Hate Speech Code, Tim A. Pilgrim
Ethnic Studies Review
This paper uses history, law, and First Amendment theory to examine the concepts of political correctness, free speech, and hate speech in a search for a solution of how best to deal with hate speech incidents that occur in the university campus community. The paper notes the American tendency toward tyranny of the majority as noted by Alexis de Tocqueville in the 1830s and then proceeds to examine the double-edged sword of free speech. By guaranteeing freedom of speech we promote the right to shout down ethnic and other minority groups; by providing penalties against those who use it to …
Hispanic Immigration And Spanish Maintenance As Indirect Measures Of Ethnicity: Reality And Perceptions, Shaw N. Gynan
Hispanic Immigration And Spanish Maintenance As Indirect Measures Of Ethnicity: Reality And Perceptions, Shaw N. Gynan
Ethnic Studies Review
Many supporters of official English have accused U.S. Hispanics of refusing to learn English and rejecting the traditional assimilationist model by clinging to their ethnolinguistic identity. An analysis of U.S. Census data from the last thirty years refutes these claims. The picture of U.S. Hispanic maintenance of ethnolinguistic identity has evolved. Here we show that while adult Spanish loyalty has decreased, youth Spanish loyalty has increased; however, Spanish maintenance does not occur at the expense of English proficiency. Once recent immigrants are subtracted from the Hispanic population, U.S. Census figures show clearly that long-term limited English proficiency has decreased substantially. …
[Review Of] Michael Angelo. The Sikh Diaspora: Tradition And Change In An Immigrant Community, Karen Leonard
[Review Of] Michael Angelo. The Sikh Diaspora: Tradition And Change In An Immigrant Community, Karen Leonard
Ethnic Studies Review
This is a peculiarly narrow book, although published as part of a series on Asian Americans entitled Reconceptualizing Culture, History, Politics. The title is misleading, at first referring to "the Sikh diaspora," the settlement of India's Punjabi Sikhs throughout the world, but then indicating "an immigrant community" which turns out to be in the U.S., the upstate New York region around the capital, Albany. Angelo wanted to study Sikhs, a highly visible religious Indian sub-group, to see the effect of interaction with American culture on traditional religious values and attitudes. He found 2,694 Asian Indians in the 1990 Albany district …
[Review Of] Julie Brown, Ed. Ethnicity And The American Short Story, Phillipa Kafka
[Review Of] Julie Brown, Ed. Ethnicity And The American Short Story, Phillipa Kafka
Ethnic Studies Review
Replete with essays, all excellent in diverse ways and covering a broad range of American ethnicities, this cutting-edge text successfully answers questions about claims of uniqueness and difference for ethnic American short stories as the grounds for inclusion in critical discussions of the genre.
[Review Of] Daniele Conversi. The Basques, The Catalans And Spain: Alternative Routes To Nationalist Mobilisation, Laura Bathurst
[Review Of] Daniele Conversi. The Basques, The Catalans And Spain: Alternative Routes To Nationalist Mobilisation, Laura Bathurst
Ethnic Studies Review
In this book, Daniele Conversi compares and contrasts two widely known nationalist movements in Spain: the Basques in the northeast and the Catalans in the east. Working from both primary and secondary sources including documentary material such as political pamphlets, communiqu's, periodicals, and nationalists' declarations and writings, as well as sociolinguistic data and personal interviews, he constructs a detailed historical account of the emergence of both movements at the end of the nineteenth century through the 1980s. Included in his book are maps, glossary, extensive notes, index, and large bibliography. Conversi's particular focus is on the leading intellectuals and intelligentsia …
[Review Of] Daniel Friedman And Sharon Grimberg. Miss India Georgia, Kasturi Dasgupta
[Review Of] Daniel Friedman And Sharon Grimberg. Miss India Georgia, Kasturi Dasgupta
Ethnic Studies Review
Miss India Georgia is an intelligent and insightful video documentary that tells the story of four Indian American teenagers, who in `the process of preparing for Atlanta's annual South Asian beauty pageant reflect on the trials and tribulations of their bi-cultural lives. It is a timeless tale told over and over as each new wave of immigrants has come ashore and their children have had to resolve the incongruities of their multiple ethnicities.
[Review Of] Clyde Holler. Black Elk's Religion: The Sun Dance And Lakota Catholicism, David M. Gradwohl
[Review Of] Clyde Holler. Black Elk's Religion: The Sun Dance And Lakota Catholicism, David M. Gradwohl
Ethnic Studies Review
Few, if any, American Indian individuals are more widely known in the United States than the Lakota holy man, Black Elk (1863-1950). His story, particularly as presented by John Neihardt in Black Elk Speaks, has been required reading for legions of students taking classes in literature, religion, anthropology, and American Indian Studies. Scholars in those fields have generated a body of critical literature which has taken on a life of its own as Neihardt's book, originally published in 1931, has been reprinted in paperback editions many times since 1960. During the 1970s, Neihardt appeared on the Dick Cavett show and, …
[Review Of] Charles W. Mills. The Racial Contract, John H. Mcclendon Iii
[Review Of] Charles W. Mills. The Racial Contract, John H. Mcclendon Iii
Ethnic Studies Review
Over the past few years I have read a number of articles by Professor Charles Mills. I have found him to be a stimulating thinker and lucid writer. In fact, I had the opportunity to use his article, "Non-Cartesian Sums: Philosophy and the African American Experience" (Teaching Philosophy, September 1994) in an NEH seminar that I conducted on multicultural approaches to Honor College teaching. Mills is a significant voice among the small cadre of Black philosophers committed to correction of and expansion beyond the Eurocentric myopia of professional philosophy. In his previous scholarship he demonstrates not only that he is …
[Review Of] Kyeyoung Park. The Korean American Dream: Immigrants And Small Business In New York City, Robert Mark Silverman
[Review Of] Kyeyoung Park. The Korean American Dream: Immigrants And Small Business In New York City, Robert Mark Silverman
Ethnic Studies Review
Kyeyoung Park illustrates how the Korean American dream emerges from a harsh reality. Park's central argument is that Korean immigrant adjustment is driven by an ideology of self-help. Within the context of this ideology, Korean immigrants see a close connection between entrepreneurial activity and basic survival in America. It is argued that the primacy of establishing one's own small business in order to generate stability and security has an overarching influence on the activities of individual Korean immigrants and the Korean American community in general. From this premise, Park describes how the preoccupation with entrepreneurship for subsistence shapes various spheres …
[Review Of] Gail Pellet And Stanley Nelson (Producers And Directors). Shattering The Silences, Belinda Acosta
[Review Of] Gail Pellet And Stanley Nelson (Producers And Directors). Shattering The Silences, Belinda Acosta
Ethnic Studies Review
"Our silence will not protect us," poet and feminist Audre Lorde has written, and broken silences recur with startling clarity in Shattering the Silences. The video documentary features professors of color from across the nation discussing their experiences as scholars, as people of color in predominantly white institutions, as women of color in predominantly male departments, and as husbands, mentors, and for some, as the first in their family to pursue a life in academia. Each story is compelling, sometimes painful, and always poignant.
[Review Of] William S. Penn, Ed. As We Are Now, Maurice M. Martinez
[Review Of] William S. Penn, Ed. As We Are Now, Maurice M. Martinez
Ethnic Studies Review
There is an old spoken French Creole proverb that goes: Bay Kou Bile, Pote `Mak Soje' (He who strikes the blow forgets, he who bears the marks remembers). As We Are Now is a book of essays that reveals hidden memories retained in the collective conscience of many of America's indigenous peoples who bear the painful marks of past history. The thirteen contributors discuss and analyze mainstream American responses to the act of cross-fertilization, an act of love by persons from different ethnic and cultural backgrounds who dared to intermarry or bond with an underclass -- people of color. Their …
[Review Of] Juan F. Perea, Ed. Immigrants Out!: The New Nativism And The Anti-Immigrant Impulse In The United States, Robert Mark Silverman
[Review Of] Juan F. Perea, Ed. Immigrants Out!: The New Nativism And The Anti-Immigrant Impulse In The United States, Robert Mark Silverman
Ethnic Studies Review
Immigrants Out! offers a response to nativist sentiment in the contemporary discussion of immigration policy. Individually, each chapter in this edited volume charts the development of contemporary nativist sentiment, while identifying the themes that have nurtured nativism historically. Some important relationships are identified between issue oriented politics and more general theses that emerge from nativist thought. For instance, in several passages English-only laws are described as a small, although highly symbolic, component of a broader ideology based on separatism and isolationism. Similarly, proposals to place restrictions on social welfare benefits for immigrants are linked to the more general curtailment of …
[Review Of] Clara E. Rodriguez, Ed. Latin Looks: Images Of Latinas And Latinos In The U.S. Media, Gabriel Haslip-Viera
[Review Of] Clara E. Rodriguez, Ed. Latin Looks: Images Of Latinas And Latinos In The U.S. Media, Gabriel Haslip-Viera
Ethnic Studies Review
The anthology Latin Looks is an important contribution to the literature on Latinos and their relationship to the mass media in the United States. It builds on the earlier work by Rosa Linda Fregoso, George Hadley-Garcia, Chon Noriega, Luis Reyes, Peter Ruble, Allen Woll, and others. The book focuses primarily on television and film; however, there is no discussion of the films produced in other countries, or the Spanish language films produced in the United States. The images that are developed in music, literature, or magazines are also not discussed, although there is an admission that these are an important …
[Review Of] Jacqueline Jones Royster, Ed. Southern Horrors And Other Writings: The Anti-Lynching Campaign Of Ida B. Wells, 1892-1900, George H. Junne Jr
[Review Of] Jacqueline Jones Royster, Ed. Southern Horrors And Other Writings: The Anti-Lynching Campaign Of Ida B. Wells, 1892-1900, George H. Junne Jr
Ethnic Studies Review
Ida B. Wells (Barnett) was the first writer to document the lynchings of African Americans. Born in 1862, at age sixteen she had to raise her four brothers and sisters after the 1878 deaths of her parents. Still, she managed to attend Rust College and Fisk University. While teaching school in Memphis, Wells first began writing articles for a church newspaper and then contributed to other Baptist newspapers. She used the pen name of "Iola," and the popularity of her articles led to her becoming co-owner of the Memphis Free Speech and Headlight in 1889. It was the lynching of …
[Review Of] Jeffrey Rubin-Dorsky And Shelley Fisher Fishkin. People Of The Book: Holstein Thirty Scholars Reflect On Their Jewish Identity, Sandra J. Holstein
[Review Of] Jeffrey Rubin-Dorsky And Shelley Fisher Fishkin. People Of The Book: Holstein Thirty Scholars Reflect On Their Jewish Identity, Sandra J. Holstein
Ethnic Studies Review
People of the Book is an important contribution to ethnic studies and identity politics. It is a dense and reflective collection of essays which defines Judaism in personal and scholarly contexts. As one of the contributors, Nancy Miller, says: "It's not easy to write about being Jewish" (168). The editors divide the essays into four parts. After the introductory essay, Part 2, "Transformations," examines how the authors' activism grows out of their Jewish heritage. "Negotiations," looks at Jewish definition in the context of other Jewish and non-Jewish communities, and "Explorations," shows the relationship between being Jewish and pursuing a discipline. …
[Review Of] Linda Mack Schloff. "And Prairie Dogs Weren't Kosher": Jewish Women In The Upper Midwest Since 1855, David M. Gradwohl
[Review Of] Linda Mack Schloff. "And Prairie Dogs Weren't Kosher": Jewish Women In The Upper Midwest Since 1855, David M. Gradwohl
Ethnic Studies Review
Wit and wisdom permeate this tome from its wonderful title to the end of the last chapter. The idea of Jews even considering the possibility of consuming brisket of prairie dog (without the cream gravy, of course) is hilarious. But behind this humor is the serious question of why the matter would even be considered. The book's title comes from the child of early Jewish immigrants of South Dakota recalling "my parents got tired of eating potatoes, and prairie dogs weren't kosher."
An Examination Of Social Adaptation Processes Of Vietnamese Adolescents, Fayneese Miller, My Do, Jason Sperber
An Examination Of Social Adaptation Processes Of Vietnamese Adolescents, Fayneese Miller, My Do, Jason Sperber
Ethnic Studies Review
The purpose of the study was to examine the factors that affect the ways in which Vietnamese youth feel about themselves and their "place" in society. More specifically, the purpose was to determine the relationship between sociocultural factors (L e. language proficiency, length of residence, socioeconomic class, ethnic identity, and cultural continuity) and such person-oriented variables as depression and alienation. Thrity-one college and fifteen high school students responded to a series of questions about themselves, family, relationships, personality, and achievement motivation. It was found that perceived problems with one's ethnic group, cultural continuity, and parental attitudes toward schooling significantly predicted …
Black Cowboys In The American West: A Historiographical Review, David Goldstein-Shirley
Black Cowboys In The American West: A Historiographical Review, David Goldstein-Shirley
Ethnic Studies Review
Few subjects in the ethnic experience of the United States are as fraught with mythology and misinformation as black cowboys. Although absent from most classic history texts of the American West, black cowboys probably constituted about a quarter of the working cowboys in the nineteenth century, although q uantitative data to establish a number are lacking. This essay reviews the historiography of black cowboys published during the last half-century, noting how much of it is marred either by glossing over the presence of black cowboys or by credulously repeating estimates of their numbers established by earlier work. The essay speculates …
[Review Of] Elionne Belden. Claiming Chinese Identity, Russell Endo
[Review Of] Elionne Belden. Claiming Chinese Identity, Russell Endo
Ethnic Studies Review
Thirty years ago, when the field of Asian American studies was in its infancy, identity was one of the subjects that received much attention. Since then, a good deal of research on or related to identity has been conducted, and, in the past few years, several significant pieces of work have been published. Claiming Chinese Identity is not among the latter.
[Review Of] Karen Christian. Show And Tell: Identity As Performance In U.S. Latino/A Fiction, J. Alemán
[Review Of] Karen Christian. Show And Tell: Identity As Performance In U.S. Latino/A Fiction, J. Alemán
Ethnic Studies Review
Christian's crucial contribution to ethnic studies is her book's argument that ethnic identity is more performance than essence. Of course, this is an unresolved and essentialized issue, but Christian summarizes the debate well, situating her study in the performance camp as she relies on Judith Butler's theory of performativity to examine the inter-related performances of ethnicity and gender in Chicano/a, U.S. Cuban, Puerto Rican, and Dominican texts. As Christian explains, static U.S. Latino/a identity categories create "collective fictions" that "regulate performances of gender, sexuality, and cultural identity," but alternative performances of ethnicity and sexuality, Christian argues, subvert these "collective fictions" …
[Review Of] Nathan Glazer. We Are All Multicultural Now, Jonathan A. Majak
[Review Of] Nathan Glazer. We Are All Multicultural Now, Jonathan A. Majak
Ethnic Studies Review
Some of the readers familiar with Nathan Glazer's writings may be surprised or intrigued, as the case may be, by his latest book, We Are All Multiculturalists Now. That title seems quite an extraordinary declaration from a man who became known in the 1980s for his neoconservatism as well as for his persistent criticism of certain liberal social policies such as affirmative action. Has he finally seen the light? Not exactly. The book is by no means an apologia nor is it a ringing endorsement of multiculturalism either. Indeed, the reader is held in some suspense till the last chapter …
[Review Of] Cora Govers And Hans Vermeulen, Eds. The Politics Of Ethnic Consciousness, Jonathan A. Majak
[Review Of] Cora Govers And Hans Vermeulen, Eds. The Politics Of Ethnic Consciousness, Jonathan A. Majak
Ethnic Studies Review
Govers and Vermeulen's book seems to be a timely one, considering the resurgence of inter-ethnic strife that is causing so much misery in many parts of the world, especially since the collapse of the Soviet Union and the end of the cold war. The book, however, is not an expose on the politics of ethnic consciousness. Rather, it is a collection of case studies that address certain aspects of ethnic consciousness. Govers and Vermeulen provide the theoretical context for these studies in the introductory first chapter of the book. Indeed, the book can be usefully divided into two main parts, …
[Review Of] Wahneema Lubiano, Ed. The House That Race Built: Black Americans, U.S. Terrain, Clarence Spigner
[Review Of] Wahneema Lubiano, Ed. The House That Race Built: Black Americans, U.S. Terrain, Clarence Spigner
Ethnic Studies Review
The House that Race Built is a fascinating account of race and racism upon the terrain of United States' culture in the 1990s. Seventeen scholars, brought together at a Race Matters Conference at Princeton University, produced various essays and were evidently given plenty of leeway by the book's editor, Wahneema Lubiano. Various disciplines of law, history, sociology, fine arts, ethnic studies, literature, divinity, and politics are represented. Contributors addressed issues ranging from homosexuality, affirmative action, O.J. Simpson and religion, to perspectives on work vis-a-vis play, culture, Black Nationalism, whiteness, crime, and the black diaspora. A common denominator, in my view, …
[Review Of] Phillipa Kafka. (Un)Doing The Missionary Position: Gender Asymmetry In Contemporary Asian American Women's Writing, David Goldstein-Shirley
[Review Of] Phillipa Kafka. (Un)Doing The Missionary Position: Gender Asymmetry In Contemporary Asian American Women's Writing, David Goldstein-Shirley
Ethnic Studies Review
Phillipa Kafka's clever book title turns on her deconstruction of what she sees as a simultaneous patriarchal and racist orientation of some contemporary literary criticism, akin to the unquestioned, naturalized supremacy presumed by agents of political imperialism such as missionaries. By focusing on what she sees as feminist and postfeminist writing by contemporary Asian American women authors -- specifically, their attention to gender asymmetry -- she demonstrates that we can read these works as a collective strike against the sexism of much (male) postcolonial, Marxist, and deconstructionist criticism and the racism of much (white) feminist criticism. Her readings of Amy …
[Review Of] Rakhmiel Peltz. From Immigrant To Ethnic Culture: American Yiddish In South Philadelphia, Ayala Fader
[Review Of] Rakhmiel Peltz. From Immigrant To Ethnic Culture: American Yiddish In South Philadelphia, Ayala Fader
Ethnic Studies Review
Rakhmiel Peltz, in From Immigrants to Ethnic Culture: American Yiddish in South Philadelphia, presents one of the few ethnographies available on spoken American Yiddish in his investigation of the elderly children of immigrant Jews in a Philadelphia neighborhood. Drawing on audiotaped ethnographic data which includes life histories, personal narratives, interviews, and naturally-occurring interactions in local contexts, Peltz examines how Jewish residents attempt to maintain their yiddishkayt (`Jewishness') as they become a shrinking minority in what was once a thriving Jewish community.