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Articles 1 - 5 of 5
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Dialogue Television: The Climate Engineers, James Fleming
Dialogue Television: The Climate Engineers, James Fleming
James R. Fleming
The problem of global warming is getting massive public attention. This comes forty years after the first major government report outlining the problem. But there is considerable disagreement over what steps should be taken to mitigate the problem and some scientist fear that politicians are not displaying sufficient urgency. James Fleming describes the technological quick fixes proposed by some scientists and the problems they might create.
The Extracellular Chaperone Clusterin Influences Amyloid Formation And Toxicity By Interacting With Pre-Fibrillar Structures, Justin Yerbury, Stephen Poon, Sarah Meehan, Brianna Thompson, Janet Kumita, Christopher Dobson, Mark Wilson
The Extracellular Chaperone Clusterin Influences Amyloid Formation And Toxicity By Interacting With Pre-Fibrillar Structures, Justin Yerbury, Stephen Poon, Sarah Meehan, Brianna Thompson, Janet Kumita, Christopher Dobson, Mark Wilson
Mark R Wilson
Clusterin is an extracellular chaperone present in all disease-associated extracellular amyloid deposits, however, its roles in amyloid formation and protein deposition in vivo are poorly understood. The current study initially aimed to characterise the effects of clusterin on amyloid formation in vitro by a panel of eight protein substrates. Two of the substrates (Alzheimer's beta peptide and a PI3-SH3 domain) were then used in further experiments to examine the effects of clusterin on amyloid cytotoxicity and to probe the mechanism of clusterin action. We show that clusterin exerts potent effects on amyloid formation, the nature and extent of which vary …
The Extracellular Chaperone Clusterin Potently Inhibits Human Lysozyme Amyloid Formation By Interacting With Prefibrillar Species, Mark Wilson, Justin Yerbury, Stephen Poon, Christopher Dobson, C V Robinson, Elise Stewart, Janet Kumita, Mireille Dumoulin, Gemma Caddy, Christine Hagan
The Extracellular Chaperone Clusterin Potently Inhibits Human Lysozyme Amyloid Formation By Interacting With Prefibrillar Species, Mark Wilson, Justin Yerbury, Stephen Poon, Christopher Dobson, C V Robinson, Elise Stewart, Janet Kumita, Mireille Dumoulin, Gemma Caddy, Christine Hagan
Mark R Wilson
We have studied the effects of the extracellular molecular chaperone, clusterin, on the in vitro aggregation of mutational variants of human lysozyme, including one associated with familial amyloid disease. The aggregation of the amyloidogenic variant I56T is inhibited significantly at clusterin-to-lysozyme ratios as low as 1:80 (i.e. one clusterin molecule per 80 lysozyme molecules). Experiments indicate that under the conditions where inhibition of aggregation occurs, clusterin does not bind detectably to the native or fibrillar states, or to the monomeric transient intermediate known to be a key species in the aggregation reaction. Rather, it seems to interact with oligomeric species …
Effects Of Glycosylation On The Structure And Function Of The Extracellular Chaperone Clusterin, Elise Stewart, Andrew Aquilina, Simon B Easterbrook-Smith, D Murphy-Durland, C Jacobsen, S Moestrup, Mark Wilson
Effects Of Glycosylation On The Structure And Function Of The Extracellular Chaperone Clusterin, Elise Stewart, Andrew Aquilina, Simon B Easterbrook-Smith, D Murphy-Durland, C Jacobsen, S Moestrup, Mark Wilson
Mark R Wilson
Clusterin is the first well characterized, constitutively secreted extracellular chaperone that binds to exposed regions of hydrophobicity on non-native proteins. It may help control the folding state of extracellular proteins by targeting them for receptor-mediated endocytosis and intracellular lysosomal degradation. A notable feature of secreted clusterin is its heavy glycosylation. Although carbohydrate comprises approximately 20−25% of the total mass of the mature molecule, its function is unknown. Results from the current study demonstrate that deglycosylation of human serum clusterin had little effect on its overall secondary structure content but produced a small increase in solvent-exposed hydrophobicity and enhanced the propensity …
The Climate Engineers: Playing God To Save The Planet, James Fleming
The Climate Engineers: Playing God To Save The Planet, James Fleming
James R. Fleming
As alarm over global warming spreads, a radical idea is gaining momentum. Forget cuts in greenhouse-gas emissions, some scientists argue. Find a technological fix. Bounce sunlight back into space by pumping reflective nanoparticles into the atmosphere. Launch mirrors into orbit around the earth. Create a “planetary thermostat.” But what sounds like science fiction is actually an old story. For more than a century, scientists, soldiers, and charlatans have hatched schemes to manipulate the weather and climate. Like them, today’s aspiring climate engineers wildly exaggerate what is possible, and they scarcely consider political, military, and ethical implications of attempting to manage …