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Conference Program: Second Annual Interdisciplinary Conference On Human Trafficking

Second Annual Interdisciplinary Conference on Human Trafficking, 2010

Sessions and speakers

From Pseudoscience To Protoscience: Estimating Human Trafficking And Modern Forms Of Slavery, Amanda J. Gould

Second Annual Interdisciplinary Conference on Human Trafficking, 2010

Scholars and authors in the field of human trafficking and modern slavery are quick to note the problem of estimating the number of victims. Their works are usually devoid of an appropriate explanation, though, of why there is a problem. Many recognise victims are part of a hidden population and know that they cannot simply be counted. From this they assume that estimates are inherently unreliable. The problem here is not that there are only estimates, but that the estimates are based on either faulty grounds or no apparent methodology at all. Estimation techniques are common in many fields including …

A Market Analysis Of Human Trafficking Systems, Dwayne Ball, Julie Pennington, Ronald Hampton, Anh Nguyen

Second Annual Interdisciplinary Conference on Human Trafficking, 2010

IF YOU UNDERSTAND A MARKETING SYSTEM, YOU CAN UNDERSTAND HOW TO DISRUPT IT.
HUMAN TRAFFICKING AS A MARKETING SYSTEM

Environments in which it operates

Boundaries
physical
in terms of its inputs and outputs

Nodes at which the “product” is
recruited
transported
transformed
exploited
disposed of

Roles of various players
Exchanges
Profit allocations
Structures; governance
Ownership flows
Dynamic mutability
Outcomes to all involved and society as a whole

The "Download" button (at right) goes to a PDF version of the PowerPoint presentation. The PowerPoint slides are also attached (below) as a "Related file."

Media Representation And Human Trafficking: How Anti-Trafficking Discourse Affects Trafficked Persons, Caroline S. Wallinger

Second Annual Interdisciplinary Conference on Human Trafficking, 2010

Competing representations of human trafficking in the media and within the movement have contributed to a general confusion of public perceptions of human trafficking as a social phenomenon. Various activist and political groups have, over the years, divided, delineated and classified trafficking into a series of categories including sex trafficking, labor trafficking and child exploitation. These categories have become an integral part of the collective understanding of human trafficking and they have played a primary role in the crafting of national and international anti-trafficking legislation.

This paper stems from a master‘s thesis which analyzes the discourse on human trafficking, its …

The Colorado Community Needs Assessment And Capacity Building Project, Annjanette Alejano-Steele, Amanda Finger, Rhonda Young

Second Annual Interdisciplinary Conference on Human Trafficking, 2010

Objectives for Session

Why Community-Based Research?
Goals & History of the Colorado Community Needs Assessment Project
Community Impact & Future Directions

Research Question: How do we assess community capacity to address human trafficking?

Re-Considering Trafficking In Human Beings, Kiril Sharapov

Second Annual Interdisciplinary Conference on Human Trafficking, 2010

Trafficking in Human Beings:
- Part of the larger system of exploitation of bodies and labour of others for the benefit of capitalist economies driven by consumption
- Reflects the working of the power relations of the neo-liberal capitalist dominance
- Reflects deep philosophical and practical contradictions between sustainability, respect for human rights and capitalism‟s mode of production
- Is a symptom of the larger system of globalised exploitation of gendered and radicalised labour.
- Cannot be eliminated on a symptomatic level
- A long lasting solution: tighter state regulation of labour practices and critical consciousness among members of the …

Mavericks Or Allies: The Role Of Faith-Based Organizations In The Anti-Trafficking Movement, Sarabeth Harrelson

Second Annual Interdisciplinary Conference on Human Trafficking, 2010

As awareness of trafficking in persons (TIP) and contemporary slavery has grown over the past twenty years, so has the number of organizations forming the modern abolition movement. From vast international organizations like the United Nations (UN) to local rehabilitation centers working with four to five trafficking victims in Nepal, organizations vary drastically in their mission, size, range of influence, and perspective. Among non-governmental organizations (NGO), common activities include raising awareness and financial support, researching TIP, providing victims services, and advocating for specific policy outcomes at local, national, and international levels. Further complicating the relationship between all of these organizations …

A Revised Approach To Reducing Labor Abuses And Human Trafficking, Thomas Reuland

Second Annual Interdisciplinary Conference on Human Trafficking, 2010

In this paper, I challenge current efforts to combat human trafficking. Trafficking is a problem that the law has difficulty preventing, in part, because of market forces. Moreover, the structure of many corporations responds to these market forces, implicates these enterprises in human trafficking, and encourages members of a company to remain complacent in the face of human rights abuses. As corporations strive to increase profit margins on each product they make, they demand low-cost labor and commodify the human beings who satisfy that demand. Meanwhile, branding provides a powerful tool that corporations use to prevent the consumer from recognizing …

Chinese Human Trafficking In The San Francisco Bay Area, Carina Groves

Second Annual Interdisciplinary Conference on Human Trafficking, 2010

Slavery was not abolished in 1863. Ten thousand ethnic and national Chinese victims of human trafficking remain imprisoned throughout the United States. The purpose of this research was to investigate the prevalence of and response to Chinese human trafficking in the San Francisco Bay area. By focusing on one region, my research provides a closer look at the trends in Chinese human trafficking within the U.S.

The "Download" button links to a lower-res (1 MB) version; a high-resolution (15 MB) version is attached (below) as a "Related file."

Novels, Public Policy And Anti-Trafficking Efforts, Donna M. Bickford

Second Annual Interdisciplinary Conference on Human Trafficking, 2010

The discourses on trafficking circulating in the public sphere help construct public response. Representational strategies in literature offer mechanisms to inform how we think about and wrestle with complex issues. So, as we’re thinking about what we know and what we need to know, it’s important to also think about how we know, and to acknowledge that representations have impact and symbolic power. Although human trafficking encompasses both sex and labor trafficking, in the U.S. we have seen the most attention paid to sex trafficking; no wonder, then, that our cultural products reflect that emphasis. Documentary films on the topic …

Sex Trafficking Of Minors In The U.S.:Implications For Policy, Prevention And Research, Kim Kotrla

Second Annual Interdisciplinary Conference on Human Trafficking, 2010

Goals of Session
•Present findings from analysis of 115 cases of minor sex trafficking involving 153 victims
•Discuss implications for policy, practice and prevention

Summary and Purpose of Study
•At least 100,000 U.S. minors trafficked with up to 325,000 more at risk
•Growing awareness about issue
•Limited data about victims themselves
•Present study an attempt to learn more about characteristics of minors trafficked in U.S. for commercial sexual exploitation
•Implications for policy and practice

The "download" button (right) goes to a PDF version of the PowerPoint presentation; the PowerPoint slides are attached (below) as a "Related file".

“Stop Violence Against Us!” -- Rape And Trafficking, Glenn Miles

Second Annual Interdisciplinary Conference on Human Trafficking, 2010

Objectives
1.To provide information from children about violence against children to key decision makers in Government, International Organizations, and NGO‟s.
2.To find out children‟s perceptions and misconceptions so that appropriate education can be provided to children and youth.

The "Download" button (at right) goes to a PDF version of the PowerPoint presentation. The PowerPoint slides are also attached (below) as a "Related file."

The Role And Global Impact Of The U.S. Trafficking In Persons Report, Noam Perry

Second Annual Interdisciplinary Conference on Human Trafficking, 2010

Research questions

Influence of U.S. foreign policy on:
Anti-trafficking policies in different countries.
Anti-trafficking policies in the U.S.
Global and local discourse on human trafficking.

Research conducted through in-depth interviews with various stakeholders, supplemented by media coverage and archives.

Talk outline:
Crash course on the Trafficking in Persons Report.
Macro analysis of past reports.
Preliminary results from Israeli case study.

A Protocol Against Trafficking In Persons: Is It Enough? The Impact Of A Trafficking Treaty, Michelle Forrest

Second Annual Interdisciplinary Conference on Human Trafficking, 2010

What has been done?
UN Convention against Transnational Organized Crime
-Sept. 29, 2003, by the UN General Assembly

Action against/Convention on Trafficking in Human Beings
-Feb. 1, 2008 by the Council of Europe

Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act of 2000
-January, 2006, by US Congress

Human Trafficking Is Used For Recruiting Terrorists, Bekir Cinar

Second Annual Interdisciplinary Conference on Human Trafficking, 2010

Human trafficking is defined as "it involves the exploitation of people through force, coercion, threat, or deception and includes human rights abuses such as debt bondage, deprivation of liberty, or lack of control over freedom and labor" (Unclassified 2005). According to the Protocol (UN Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, especially Women and Children) Human trafficking defines as "illegal trade of human beings, through abduction, the use or threat of force, deception, fraud, or 'sale' for the purposes of sexual exploitation or forced labor" (Unclassified 2005). It is clear that human trafficking is an illegal …

Collaborating Against Human Trafficking, Kirsten Foot, Amoshaun Toft

Second Annual Interdisciplinary Conference on Human Trafficking, 2010

Anti-Human Trafficking (AT) Efforts

Assessed as lacking coordination across sectors and levels of intervention, and between source, transit, and destination countries
Understudied (Laczko, 2005, Mattar, 2004, Schauer and Wheaton, 2006)
Overarching aims of research: 1) Map AT efforts longitudinally & developmentally; 2) Trace collaboration; and 3) Catalyze collaboration by illuminating good practices in robust multi-sector coalitions

Methods

1. Database of AT Actors’ Websites
2. Hyperlink Analysis of AT Web Real Estate and Link Neighborhoods
3. Content Analysis of AT Actors’ Websites
4. Participant Observation in Multi-Sector Coalitions

The "Download" button (right) links to a PDF version of the presentation; the …

Enforcing The Tipplea Act To Curb Emerging Trends In Human Trafficking: A Study Of The Baby Trade In South East Nigeria, Ijeoma Okoronkwo, Anigbogu Maduka

Second Annual Interdisciplinary Conference on Human Trafficking, 2010

•The area of this study is the south east zone of Nigeria, comprising of five states –Abia, Anambra, Ebonyi, Enugu and Imo states. Abiastate is bounded by Akwaibomstate , Rivers and Cross river state in the South South zone, Imo and Ebonyistate in the south east zone
•Imo is integrated and bounded all the south eastern states, Enugu is bounded by Benue state in the north central zone, Ebonyistate is bounded by cross river state, within 80 km to the boundary of Cameroun
•Population of this study is made up 200 pregnant teenager victims of human trafficking rescued by NAPTIP …

Baseline Survey With Masseur Boys In Mumbai, Jasmir Thakur, Glenn Miles

Second Annual Interdisciplinary Conference on Human Trafficking, 2010

The purpose of this research is to determine risk factors of boys who have been sexually exploited in the masseur trade in Mumbai. In addition a follow up survey will be conducted after a year to see if any behaviors have changed based on available soft skill and vocational training. In addition it is hoped that this research will inspire and encourage the NGO and research to take this issue seriously.

The "Download" button (at right) goes to a PDF version of the PowerPoint presentation. The PowerPoint slides are also attached (below) as a "Related file."

Evidence Based Programming: A Case Study, 2007 – 2010, Phnom Penh Cambodia, Luke Bearup

Second Annual Interdisciplinary Conference on Human Trafficking, 2010

The Learning to Impact the Forgotten and Excluded (LIFE) Initiative was undertaken by World Vision US between 2007 and 2010 in Albania, Georgia, Cambodia, India, Myanmar and Mexico. The project aimed to develop a basket of evidence based practices within the field of child protection. The project in Cambodia described herein was undertaken in partnership with the Johns Hopkins University (JHU), Applied Mental Health Research Group.

In August 2007, in collaboration with students of the Sociology Department at the Royal University of Phnom Penh, a qualitative study was undertaken with survivors of trafficking, sexual abuse and commercial sexual exploitation (CSE). …

A Survey Of Child Sex Tourism In The Philippines, Carmen R. Zafft, Sriyani Tidball

Second Annual Interdisciplinary Conference on Human Trafficking, 2010

Child sex tourism is an obscure industry where the tourist's primary purpose is to engage in a sexual experience with a child. Under international legislation, tourism with the intent of having sexual relations with a minor is in violation of the UN Convention of the Rights of a Child. The intent and act is a crime and in violation of human rights. This paper examines child sex tourism in the Philippines, a major destination country for the purposes of child prostitution. The purpose is to bring attention to the atrocities that occur under the guise of tourism. It offers a …

A Deterrence Model To Curbing Human Trafficking In The United States, Michelle Crawford Rickert

Second Annual Interdisciplinary Conference on Human Trafficking, 2010

Human trafficking is squarely a criminal justice problem. In order to eradicate human trafficking the traffickers need to be deterred from engaging in the business of trafficking in people. From a law and economics perspective, optimal deterrence is reached when a sentence or fine is just greater than the probability of getting caught multiplied by the benefit to the criminal. Utilizing this model, the proposed presentation will attempt to demonstrate how to sufficiently deter the trafficker by increasing probability of prosecutions through local laws, increasing the fines and sentences of traffickers once convicted, and increasing the certainty of detection through …

The Intersection Of Law, Theology, And Human Trafficking In The Narrative Of Joseph: Linking The Past To The Present, Julie Waters

Second Annual Interdisciplinary Conference on Human Trafficking, 2010

This paper seeks to connect the biblical narrative of Joseph, a story of slavery and redemption, to modern day human trafficking through the lenses of current and pragmatic legal and theological implications. The two-fold purpose of the paper is to use Joseph as a case study to better understand US anti-human trafficking laws and then provide victims of human trafficking with biblical hope that can be gleaned through a theological understanding of the narrative of Joseph. To fully understand Joseph’s role as a slave and the interplay of modern day implications, the paper first examines the institution of slavery in …

Modern Slavery: A Regional Focus, Amanda J. Gould

Second Annual Interdisciplinary Conference on Human Trafficking, 2010

Kevin Bales, through his study in Understanding Global Slavery: A Reader, provides an important quantitative analysis on the predictive factors of modern slavery. Upon examining his study though, several issues arise including too few observations for several of the variables and the lack of a regional variable. The author decided to rerun his study with replacements for the problematic variables used previously. Upon obtaining the results from this, the author examined development theory (development is believed to be closely liked to slavery), and began creating an alternative model, which eventually included the addition of a regional variable. This model …

The University Of Nebraska‐Lincoln Human Trafficking Team

Second Annual Interdisciplinary Conference on Human Trafficking, 2010

The University of Nebraska‐Lincoln has seven faculty members that are involved in antitrafficking studies, efforts, and the proposed conference. Also on the team is one former UNL PhD student who now teaches at the University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, and a consultant from Washington DC.
The Team members:
Dr. Dwayne Ball
Professor Rochelle Dalla
Dr. Ron Hampton
Assistant Professor Anchalee (Joy) Panigabutra-Roberts
Dr. Laura J. Lederer
Dr. Julia Pennington
Dr. Josephine (Jo) R. Potuto
Sriyani Tidball
Dr. Brian L. Wilcox

Sexual Exploitation And Abuse Of Street Children In Romania: Catalysts Of Vulnerability And Challenges In Recovery, Meredith Gamble

Second Annual Interdisciplinary Conference on Human Trafficking, 2010

An estimated 1,500-3,000 children live on the streets of Romania (UNICEF, 2006; MPHASIS, 2008). Without the basic necessities to survive, a healthy family structure, proper identification, and an education, these children are at a high risk for sexual exploitation. This study examines what factors in the lives of street children contribute to their vulnerability to sexual exploitation and trafficking as well as the effectiveness of existent social services available to street children. Several characteristics in the lives of street children, including poverty and desperation for basic needs, broken family structures, drug use, lack of education, race, and lack of supervision …