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- Lipid Bilayers (16)
- X-Ray Diffraction (11)
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Articles 1 - 23 of 23
Full-Text Articles in Physics
Hiv-1 Tat Membrane Interactions Probed Using X-Ray And Neutron Scattering, Cd Spectroscopy And Md Simulations., Kiyotaka Akabori, Kun Huang, Bradley Treece, Michael Jablin, Brian Maranville, Arthur Woll, John Nagle, Angel Garcia, Stephanie Tristram-Nagle
Hiv-1 Tat Membrane Interactions Probed Using X-Ray And Neutron Scattering, Cd Spectroscopy And Md Simulations., Kiyotaka Akabori, Kun Huang, Bradley Treece, Michael Jablin, Brian Maranville, Arthur Woll, John Nagle, Angel Garcia, Stephanie Tristram-Nagle
Prof. Stephanie Tristram-Nagle Ph.D.
We report the effect on lipid bilayers of the Tat peptide Y47GRKKRRQRRR57 from the HIV-1 virus transactivator of translation (Tat) protein. Synergistic use of low-angle X-ray scattering (LAXS) and atomistic molecular dynamic simulations (MD) indicate Tat peptide binding to neutral dioleoylphosphocholine (DOPC) lipid headgroups. This binding induced the local lipid phosphate groups to move 3Å closer to the center of the bilayer. Many of the positively charged guanidinium components of the arginines were as close to the center of the bilayer as the locally thinned lipid phosphate groups. LAXS data for DOPC, DOPC/dioleoylphosphoethanolamine (DOPE), DOPC/dioleoylphosphoserine (DOPS), and a mimic of …
What Are The True Values Of The Bending Modulus Of Simple Lipid Bilayers?, John Nagle, Michael Jablin, Stephanie Tristram-Nagle, Kiyotaka Akabori
What Are The True Values Of The Bending Modulus Of Simple Lipid Bilayers?, John Nagle, Michael Jablin, Stephanie Tristram-Nagle, Kiyotaka Akabori
Prof. Stephanie Tristram-Nagle Ph.D.
Values of the bending modulus KC are reviewed, and possible causes for the considerable differences are discussed. One possible cause is the use of glucose and sucrose in the classical micromechanical manipulation and shape analysis methods. New data, using the more recent low angle X-ray method, are presented that do not support an effect of glucose or sucrose on KC. Another possible cause is using an incomplete theory to interpret the data. Adding a tilt term to the theory clearly does not affect the value obtained from the shape analysis method. It is shown that a tilt term, using a …
Partial Molecular Volumes Of Lipids And Cholesterol., Alexander Greenwood, Stephanie Tristram-Nagle, John Nagle
Partial Molecular Volumes Of Lipids And Cholesterol., Alexander Greenwood, Stephanie Tristram-Nagle, John Nagle
Prof. Stephanie Tristram-Nagle Ph.D.
Volumetric measurements are reported for fully hydrated lipid/cholesterol bilayer mixtures using the neutral flotation method. Apparent specific volume data were obtained with the lipids DOPC, POPC and DMPC at T=30 degrees Celsius, DPPC at 50 degrees Celsius, and brain sphingomyelin (BSM) at 45 and 24 degrees Celsius for mole fractions of cholesterol x from 0 to 0.5. Unlike previous cholesterol mixture studies, we converted our raw data to partial molecular volume V(L) of the lipid and V(C) of the cholesterol. The partial molecular volumes were constant for POPC and DOPC as x was varied, but had sharp breaks for the …
Structure And Elasticity Of Lipid Membranes With Genistein And Daidzein Bioflavinoids Using X-Ray Scattering And Md Simulations., Mohit Raghunathan, Yuriy Zubovski, Richard Venable, Richard Pastor, John Nagle, Stephanie Tristram-Nagle
Structure And Elasticity Of Lipid Membranes With Genistein And Daidzein Bioflavinoids Using X-Ray Scattering And Md Simulations., Mohit Raghunathan, Yuriy Zubovski, Richard Venable, Richard Pastor, John Nagle, Stephanie Tristram-Nagle
Prof. Stephanie Tristram-Nagle Ph.D.
This work reports the effects of the bioflavinoids genistein and daidzein on lipid bilayers as determined by volume measurements, X-ray scattering, and molecular dynamics simulations. The experimental and simulated total molecular volumes were found to be in outstanding agreement with each other before the addition of genistein and daidzein and also after their addition. Both bioflavinoids inserted into the hydrocarbon region of both DOPC and diphytanoylPC near the carbonyls of the lipids and both decreased the bilayer thicknesses. The long axes of both bioflavinoids were oriented nearly parallel to the plane of the bilayer with their carbonyl groups preferentially pointed …
Preparation Of Oriented, Fully Hydrated Lipid Samples For Structure Determination Using X-Ray Scattering., Stephanie Tristram-Nagle
Preparation Of Oriented, Fully Hydrated Lipid Samples For Structure Determination Using X-Ray Scattering., Stephanie Tristram-Nagle
Prof. Stephanie Tristram-Nagle Ph.D.
This chapter describes a method of sample preparation called "the rock and roll method," which is basically a solvent evaporation technique with controlled manual sample movement during evaporation of solvent from lipid/solvent mixtures that produces well-oriented thick stacks of about 2000 lipid bilayers. Many lipid types have been oriented using different solvent mixtures that balance solubilization of the lipid with uniform deposition of the lipid solution onto solid substrates. These well-oriented thick stacks are then ideal samples for collection of both X-ray diffraction data in the gel phase and X-ray diffuse scattering data in the fluid phase of lipids. The …
Effects Of Ether Vs. Ester Linkage On Lipid Bilayer Structure And Water Permeability., S. Deren Guler, D. Dipon Ghosh, Jianjun Pan, John Mathai, Mark Zeidel, John Nagle, Stephanie Tristram-Nagle
Effects Of Ether Vs. Ester Linkage On Lipid Bilayer Structure And Water Permeability., S. Deren Guler, D. Dipon Ghosh, Jianjun Pan, John Mathai, Mark Zeidel, John Nagle, Stephanie Tristram-Nagle
Prof. Stephanie Tristram-Nagle Ph.D.
The structure and water permeability of bilayers composed of the ether-linked lipid, dihexadecylphosphatidylcholine (DHPC), were studied and compared with the ester-linked lipid, dipalmitoylphosphaditdylcholine (DPPC). Wide angle X-ray scattering on oriented bilayers in the fluid phase indicate that the area per lipid A is slightly larger for DHPC than for DPPC. Low angle X-ray scattering yields A=65.1A(2) for DHPC at 48 degrees C. LAXS data provide the bending modulus, K(C)=4.2x10(-13)erg, and the Hamaker parameter H=7.2x10(-14)erg for the van der Waals attractive interaction between neighboring bilayers. For the low temperature phases with ordered hydrocarbon chains, we confirm the transition from a tilted …
Structure And Water Permeability Of Fully Hydrated Diphytanoylpc., Stephanie Tristram-Nagle, Dong Joo Kim, Nadia Akhunzada, Norbert Kucerka, John Mathai, John Katsaras, Mark Zeidel, John Nagle
Structure And Water Permeability Of Fully Hydrated Diphytanoylpc., Stephanie Tristram-Nagle, Dong Joo Kim, Nadia Akhunzada, Norbert Kucerka, John Mathai, John Katsaras, Mark Zeidel, John Nagle
Prof. Stephanie Tristram-Nagle Ph.D.
Diphytanoylphosphatidylcholine (DPhyPC) is a branched chain lipid often used for model membrane studies, including peptide/lipid interactions, ion channels and lipid rafts. This work reports results of volume measurements, water permeability measurements P(f), X-ray scattering from oriented samples, and X-ray and neutron scattering from unilamellar vesicles at T=30 degrees C. We measured the volume/lipid V(L)=1426+/-1A(3). The area/lipid was found to be 80.5+/-1.5A(2) when both X-ray and neutron data were combined with the SDP model analysis (Kucerka, N., Nagle, J.F., Sachs, J.N., Feller, S.E., Pencer, J., Jackson, A., Katsaras, J., 2008. Lipid bilayer structure determined by the simultaneous analysis of neutron and …
Structure Of Lipid Bilayers, John Nagle, Stephanie Tristram-Nagle
Structure Of Lipid Bilayers, John Nagle, Stephanie Tristram-Nagle
Prof. Stephanie Tristram-Nagle Ph.D.
The quantitative experimental uncertainty in the structure of fully hydrated, biologically relevant, fluid (L(alpha)) phase lipid bilayers has been too large to provide a firm base for applications or for comparison with simulations. Many structural methods are reviewed including modern liquid crystallography of lipid bilayers that deals with the fully developed undulation fluctuations that occur in the L(alpha) phase. These fluctuations degrade the higher order diffraction data in a way that, if unrecognized, leads to erroneous conclusions regarding bilayer structure. Diffraction measurements at high instrumental resolution provide a measure of these fluctuations. In addition to providing better structural determination, this …
Molecular Structures Of Fluid Phase Phosphatidylglycerol Bilayers As Determined By Small Angle Neutron And X-Ray Scattering., Jianjun Pan, Frederick Heberle, Stephanie Tristram-Nagle, Michelle Szymanski, Mary Koepfinger, John Katsaras, Norbert Kucerka
Molecular Structures Of Fluid Phase Phosphatidylglycerol Bilayers As Determined By Small Angle Neutron And X-Ray Scattering., Jianjun Pan, Frederick Heberle, Stephanie Tristram-Nagle, Michelle Szymanski, Mary Koepfinger, John Katsaras, Norbert Kucerka
Prof. Stephanie Tristram-Nagle Ph.D.
We have determined the molecular structures of commonly used phosphatidylglycerols (PGs) in the commonly accepted biologically relevant fluid phase. This was done by simultaneously analyzing small angle neutron and X-ray scattering data, with the constraint of measured lipid volumes. We report the temperature dependence of bilayer parameters obtained using the one-dimensional scattering density profile model - which was derived from molecular dynamics simulations - including the area per lipid, the overall bilayer thickness, as well as other intrabilayer parameters (e.g., hydrocarbon thickness). Lipid areas are found to be larger than their phosphatidylcholine (PC) counterparts, a result likely due to repulsive …
Lipid Bilayer Structure., John Nagle, Stephanie Tristram-Nagle
Lipid Bilayer Structure., John Nagle, Stephanie Tristram-Nagle
Prof. Stephanie Tristram-Nagle Ph.D.
Fluctuations, inherent in flexible and biologically relevant lipid bilayers, make quantitative structure determination challenging. Shortcomings in older methods of structure determination have been realized and new methodologies have been introduced that take fluctuations into account. The large uncertainty in literature values of lipid bilayer structural parameters is being reduced.
Thermodynamic And Structural Characterization Of Amino Acid-Linked Dialkyl Lipids., Stephanie Tristram-Nagle, Ruthven Lewis, Joseph Blickenstaff, Michael Diprima, Bruno Marques, Ronald Mcelhaney, John Nagle, James Schneider
Thermodynamic And Structural Characterization Of Amino Acid-Linked Dialkyl Lipids., Stephanie Tristram-Nagle, Ruthven Lewis, Joseph Blickenstaff, Michael Diprima, Bruno Marques, Ronald Mcelhaney, John Nagle, James Schneider
Prof. Stephanie Tristram-Nagle Ph.D.
Using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), we determined some thermodynamic and structural parameters for a series of amino acid-linked dialkyl lipids containing a glutamic acid-succinate headgroup and di-alkyl chains: C12, C14, C16 and C18 in CHES buffer, pH 10. Upon heating, DSC shows that the C12, C14 and annealed C16 lipids undergo a single transition which XRD shows is from a lamellar, chain ordered subgel phase to a fluid phase. This single transition splits into two transitions for C18, and FTIR shows that the upper main transition is predominantly the melting of …
Structure And Interactions Of Lipid Bilayers: Role Of Fluctuations, John F. Nagle, Stephanie Tristram-Nagle
Structure And Interactions Of Lipid Bilayers: Role Of Fluctuations, John F. Nagle, Stephanie Tristram-Nagle
Prof. Stephanie Tristram-Nagle Ph.D.
The cell is the fundamental unit in biology. Each cell is spatially defined by its cytoplasmic membrane. The structural basis for each membrane is lipid in bilayer form. Following this reductionist point of view, it is therefore not surprising that lipid bilayers have been much studied using a great variety of techniques.
Hiv Fusion Peptide Penetrates, Disorders, And Softens T-Cell Membrane Mimics., Stephanie Tristram-Nagle, Rob Chan, Edgar Kooijman, Pradeep Uppamoochikkal, Wei Qiang, David Weliky, Pradeep Uppamoochikkal
Hiv Fusion Peptide Penetrates, Disorders, And Softens T-Cell Membrane Mimics., Stephanie Tristram-Nagle, Rob Chan, Edgar Kooijman, Pradeep Uppamoochikkal, Wei Qiang, David Weliky, Pradeep Uppamoochikkal
Prof. Stephanie Tristram-Nagle Ph.D.
This work investigates the interaction of N-terminal gp41 fusion peptide (FP) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) with model membranes in order to elucidate how FP leads to fusion of HIV and T-cell membranes. FP constructs were (i) wild-type FP23 (23 N-terminal amino acids of gp41), (ii) water-soluble monomeric FP that adds six lysines on the C-terminus of FP23 (FPwsm), and (iii) the C-terminus covalently linked trimeric version (FPtri) of FPwsm. Model membranes were (i) LM3 (a T-cell mimic), (ii) 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, (iii) 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine/30 mol% cholesterol, (iv) 1,2-dierucoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, and (v) 1,2-dierucoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine/30 mol% cholesterol. Diffuse synchrotron low-angle x-ray scattering from fully …
Orientation Of Tie-Lines In The Phase Diagram Of Dopc/Dppc/Cholesterol Model Biomembranes., Pradeep Uppamoochikkal, Stephanie Tristram-Nagle, John Nagle
Orientation Of Tie-Lines In The Phase Diagram Of Dopc/Dppc/Cholesterol Model Biomembranes., Pradeep Uppamoochikkal, Stephanie Tristram-Nagle, John Nagle
Prof. Stephanie Tristram-Nagle Ph.D.
We report the direction of tie-lines of coexisting phases in a ternary diagram of DOPC/DPPC/cholesterol lipid bilayers, which has been a system of interest in the discussion of biological rafts. For coexisting Ld and Lo phases, we find that the orientation angle α of the tie-lines increases as the cholesterol concentration increases and it also increases as temperature increases from T = 15 °C to T = 30 °C. Results at lower cholesterol concentrations support the existence of a different two-phase coexistence region of Ld and So phases and the existence of a three-phase region separating the two two-phase regions. …
Alamethicin Aggregation In Lipid Membranes., Jianjun Pan, Stephanie Tristram-Nagle, John Nagle
Alamethicin Aggregation In Lipid Membranes., Jianjun Pan, Stephanie Tristram-Nagle, John Nagle
Prof. Stephanie Tristram-Nagle Ph.D.
X-ray scattering features induced by aggregates of alamethicin (Alm) were obtained in oriented stacks of model membranes of DOPC(diC18:1PC) and diC22:1PC. The first feature obtained near full hydration was Bragg rod in-plane scattering near 0.11 A(-1) in DOPC and near 0.08 A(-1) in diC22:1PC at a 1:10 Alm:lipid ratio. This feature is interpreted as bundles consisting of n Alm monomers in a barrel-stave configuration surrounding a water pore. Fitting the scattering data to previously published molecular dynamics simulations indicates that the number of peptides per bundle is n = 6 in DOPC and n >or= 9 in diC22:1PC. The larger …
Lipid Bilayers: Thermodynamics, Structure, Fluctuations, And Interactions., Stephanie Tristram-Nagle, John Nagle
Lipid Bilayers: Thermodynamics, Structure, Fluctuations, And Interactions., Stephanie Tristram-Nagle, John Nagle
Prof. Stephanie Tristram-Nagle Ph.D.
This article, adapted from our acceptance speech of the Avanti Award in Lipids at the 47th Biophysical Society meeting in San Antonio, 2003, summarizes over 30 years of research in the area of lipid bilayers. Beginning with a theoretical model of the phase transition (J.F.N.), we have proceeded experimentally using dilatometry and density centrifugation to study volume, differential scanning calorimetry to study heat capacity, and X-ray scattering techniques to study structure of lipid bilayers as a function of temperature. Electron density profiles of the gel and ripple phases have been obtained as well as profiles from several fluid phase lipids, …
Crac Motif Peptide Of The Hiv-1 Gp41 Protein Thins Sopc Membranes And Interacts With Cholesterol., Alexander Greenwood, Jianjun Pan, Thalia Mills, John Nagle, Richard Epand, Stephanie Tristram-Nagle
Crac Motif Peptide Of The Hiv-1 Gp41 Protein Thins Sopc Membranes And Interacts With Cholesterol., Alexander Greenwood, Jianjun Pan, Thalia Mills, John Nagle, Richard Epand, Stephanie Tristram-Nagle
Prof. Stephanie Tristram-Nagle Ph.D.
This study uses low-angle (LAXS) and wide-angle (WAXS) X-ray synchrotron scattering, volume measurements and thin layer chromatography to determine the structure and interactions of SOPC, SOPC/cholesterol mixtures, SOPC/peptide and SOPC/cholesterol/peptide mixtures. N-acetyl-LWYIK-amide (LWYIK) represents the naturally-occurring CRAC motif segment in the pretransmembrane region of the gp41 protein of HIV-1, and N-acetyl-IWYIK-amide (IWYIK), an unnatural isomer, is used as a control. Both peptides thin the SOPC bilayer by approximately 3 A, and cause the area/unit cell (peptide+SOPC) to increase by approximately 9 A2 from the area/lipid of SOPC at 30 degrees C (67.0+/-0.9 A2). Model fitting suggests that LWYIK's average position …
Volumetric Stability Of Lipid Bilayers., Kelsey Hallinen, Stephanie Tristram-Nagle, John Nagle
Volumetric Stability Of Lipid Bilayers., Kelsey Hallinen, Stephanie Tristram-Nagle, John Nagle
Prof. Stephanie Tristram-Nagle Ph.D.
In agreement with recent reports, a commercial densimeter has yielded a gradual decrease in lipid molecular volume of DPPC multilamellar vesicle dispersions in the gel phase upon repeated thermal cycling between 10 °C and 50 °C. The considerable size of this decrease would have significant implications for the physical chemistry of biomembranes. In contrast, neutral buoyancy measurements performed with similar thermal cycling indicate no gradual change in lipid volume in the gel phase at 20 °C. Remixing the lipid in the densimeter shows that the apparent volume decrease is an artifact. We conclude that gel phase DPPC bilayers exist in …
Α-Synuclein Induces Both Positive Mean Curvature And Negative Gaussian Curvature In Membranes., Anthony Braun, Eva Sevcsik, Pamela Chin, Elizabeth Rhoades, Stephanie Tristram-Nagle, Jonathan Sachs
Α-Synuclein Induces Both Positive Mean Curvature And Negative Gaussian Curvature In Membranes., Anthony Braun, Eva Sevcsik, Pamela Chin, Elizabeth Rhoades, Stephanie Tristram-Nagle, Jonathan Sachs
Prof. Stephanie Tristram-Nagle Ph.D.
Using a combination of X-ray scattering, fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, coarse-grained molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and potential of mean force calculations, we have explored the membrane remodeling effects of monomeric α-synuclein (αS). Our initial findings from multiple approaches are that αS (1) causes a significant thinning of the bilayer and (2) stabilizes positive mean curvature, such that the maximum principle curvature matches that of synaptic vesicles, αS-induced tubules, and the synthetic lipid vesicles to which the protein binds most tightly. This suggests that αS binding to synaptic vesicles likely stabilizes their intrinsic curvature. We then show that αS induces local negative …
Structure Of Fully Hydrated Fluid Phase Lipid Bilayers With Monounsaturated Chains., Norbert Kucerka, Stephanie Tristram-Nagle, John Nagle
Structure Of Fully Hydrated Fluid Phase Lipid Bilayers With Monounsaturated Chains., Norbert Kucerka, Stephanie Tristram-Nagle, John Nagle
Prof. Stephanie Tristram-Nagle Ph.D.
Quantitative structures are obtained at 30 degrees C for the fully hydrated fluid phases of palmitoyloleoylphosphatidylcholine (POPC), with a double bond on the sn-2 hydrocarbon chain, and for dierucoylphosphatidylcholine (di22:1PC), with a double bond on each hydrocarbon chain. The form factors F(qz) for both lipids are obtained using a combination of three methods. (1) Volumetric measurements provide F(0). (2) X-ray scattering from extruded unilamellar vesicles provides /F(qz)/ for low q(z). (3) Diffuse X-ray scattering from oriented stacks of bilayers provides /F(qz)/ for high q(z). Also, data using method (2) are added to our recent data for dioleoylphosphatidylcholine (DOPC) using methods …
Polymorphism In Myristoylpalmitoylphosphatidylcholine., Stephanie Tristram-Nagle, Yisrael Isaacson, Yulia Lyatskaya, Yufeng Liu, Kay Brummond, John Katsaras, John Nagle
Polymorphism In Myristoylpalmitoylphosphatidylcholine., Stephanie Tristram-Nagle, Yisrael Isaacson, Yulia Lyatskaya, Yufeng Liu, Kay Brummond, John Katsaras, John Nagle
Prof. Stephanie Tristram-Nagle Ph.D.
This study focuses on the mixed-chain lipid myristoylpalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (MPPC) near full hydration. The lipid, synthesized according to the procedure of (Mason et al., 1981a, has a low degree of acyl chain migration. When MPPC is temperature-jumped (T-jumped) from the L alpha phase (T = 38 degrees C) to T = 20 degrees C or below, a subgel phase forms; this formation takes less than 1 h at a temperature below T = 12 degrees C. The subgel remains stable up to T = 29 degrees C. When MPPC is T-jumped from the L alpha phase to T = 24 degrees …
Polyunsaturated Docosahexaenoic Vs Docosapentaenoic Acid-Differences In Lipid Matrix Properties From The Loss Of One Double Bond., Nadukkudy Eldho, Scott Feller, Stephanie Tristram-Nagle, Ivan Polozov, Klaus Gawrisch
Polyunsaturated Docosahexaenoic Vs Docosapentaenoic Acid-Differences In Lipid Matrix Properties From The Loss Of One Double Bond., Nadukkudy Eldho, Scott Feller, Stephanie Tristram-Nagle, Ivan Polozov, Klaus Gawrisch
Prof. Stephanie Tristram-Nagle Ph.D.
Insufficient supply to the developing brain of docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n3, DHA), or its omega-3 fatty acid precursors, results in replacement of DHA with docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n6, DPA), an omega-6 fatty acid that is lacking a double bond near the chain's methyl end. We investigated membranes of 1-stearoyl(d(35))-2-docosahexaenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and 1-stearoyl(d(35))-2-docosapentaenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine by solid-state NMR, X-ray diffraction, and molecular dynamics simulations to determine if the loss of this double bond alters membrane physical properties. The low order parameters of polyunsaturated chains and the NMR relaxation data indicate that both DHA and DPA undergo rapid conformational transitions with correlation times of the order of …
X-Ray Structure, Thermodynamics, Elastic Properties And Mdsimulations Of Cardiolipin/Dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine Mixedmembranes, Alex Boscia, Bradley Treece, Dariush Mohammadyani, Judith Klein-Seetharaman, Anthony Braun, Beate Kloesgen, Tsjerk Wassenaar, Stephanie Tristram-Nagle
X-Ray Structure, Thermodynamics, Elastic Properties And Mdsimulations Of Cardiolipin/Dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine Mixedmembranes, Alex Boscia, Bradley Treece, Dariush Mohammadyani, Judith Klein-Seetharaman, Anthony Braun, Beate Kloesgen, Tsjerk Wassenaar, Stephanie Tristram-Nagle
Prof. Stephanie Tristram-Nagle Ph.D.
tCardiolipins (CLs) are important biologically for their unique role in biomembranes that couple phos-phorylation and electron transport like bacterial plasma membranes, chromatophores, chloroplasts andmitochondria. CLs are often tightly coupled to proteins involved in oxidative phosphorylation. The firststep in understanding the interaction of CL with proteins is to obtain the pure CL structure, and the struc-ture of mixtures of CL with other lipids. In this work we use a variety of techniques to characterize the fluidphase structure, material properties and thermodynamics of mixtures of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine(DMPC) with tetramyristoylcardiolipin (TMCL), both with 14-carbon chains, at several mole percentages.X-ray diffuse scattering was used to …