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Full-Text Articles in Physics
Real-Time Microbe Detection Based On Director Distortions Around Growing Immune Complexes In Lyotropic Chromonic Liquid Crystals, Sergij V. Shiyanovskii, T. Schneider, Ivan I. Smalyukh, T. Ishikawa, G. D. Niehaus, K. J. Doane, C. J. Woolverton, Oleg Lavrentovich
Real-Time Microbe Detection Based On Director Distortions Around Growing Immune Complexes In Lyotropic Chromonic Liquid Crystals, Sergij V. Shiyanovskii, T. Schneider, Ivan I. Smalyukh, T. Ishikawa, G. D. Niehaus, K. J. Doane, C. J. Woolverton, Oleg Lavrentovich
Oleg Lavrentovich
We describe director distortions in the nematic liquid crystal (LC) caused by a spherical particle with tangential surface orientation of the director and show that light transmittance through the distorted region is a steep function of the particle's size. The effect allows us to propose a real-time microbial sensor based on a nontoxic lyotropic chromonic LC (LCLC) that detects and amplifies the presence of immune complexes. A cassette is filled with LCLC, antibody, and antigen-bearing particles. Small and isolated particles cause no macroscopic distortions of the LCLC. Upon antibody-antigen binding, the growing immune complexes distort the director and cause detectable …
Monodomain Alignment Of The Smectic-A Liquid Crystalline Phase From The Isotropic Phase, Mitya Reznikov, Bentley Wall, Mark A. Handschy, Philip J. Bos
Monodomain Alignment Of The Smectic-A Liquid Crystalline Phase From The Isotropic Phase, Mitya Reznikov, Bentley Wall, Mark A. Handschy, Philip J. Bos
Philip J. Bos
The liquid crystal alignment method described here provides uniform orientation of otherwise difficult-to-align smectic-A liquid crystal materials lacking a nematic phase. The smectic-A phase is grown in the presence of a 10–20 K/mm temperature gradient from an air bubble located within a cell by a photolithographically defined channel in the cell substrates. We obtain uniform layer alignment in millimeter-wide smectic regions at growth rates below about 0.05 μm/s even though there is a tendency for spontaneous nucleation of focal-conic defects at higher growth rates once the width of the smectic-A region exceeds the critical value of about 20 μm.
The Effect Of Salt On Ion Adsorption On A Siox Alignment Film And Reduced Conductivity Of A Liquid Crystal Host, Yi Huang, Achintya Bhowmik, Philip J. Bos
The Effect Of Salt On Ion Adsorption On A Siox Alignment Film And Reduced Conductivity Of A Liquid Crystal Host, Yi Huang, Achintya Bhowmik, Philip J. Bos
Philip J. Bos
It is shown that the addition of salt to liquid crystal cells, using a SiOx alignment layer, can actually reduce the ion concentration. This seeming contradiction may be explained by the ability of salt to complex with water and to aid the drying of the liquid crystal material. The results show a pathway to purifying liquid crystal devices to the extent needed for low-power low-refresh rate displays for e-book applications.
Doping The Nematic Liquid Crystal 5cb With Milled Batio3 Nanoparticles, Alexander Lorenz, Natalie Zimmerman, Satyendra Kumar, Dean R. Evans, Gary Cook, Hienz-S. Kitzerow
Doping The Nematic Liquid Crystal 5cb With Milled Batio3 Nanoparticles, Alexander Lorenz, Natalie Zimmerman, Satyendra Kumar, Dean R. Evans, Gary Cook, Hienz-S. Kitzerow
Satyendra Kumar
The simple nematic mesogen 5CB was doped with milled BaTiO3 nanoparticles and was investigated with x-ray scattering. Doping with BaTiO3 nanoparticles of 9 nm in diameter led to the formation of crystallites. These crystallites precipitated and formed a waxlike nanodispersion of 5CB and nanoparticles, which led to intense x-ray scattering signals characteristic of a multilayer structure. Surprisingly, the multilayers possess unusual interlayer spacing, which cannot be explained by simple smectic order of the calamitic molecules.