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2011

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Articles 1 - 30 of 37

Full-Text Articles in Physics

Lectio Praecursoria, Kari Myöhänen Dec 2011

Lectio Praecursoria, Kari Myöhänen

Kari Myöhänen

Lectio praecursoria: Modelling of combustion and sorbent reactions in three-dimensional flow environment of a circulating fluidized bed furnace


Variational Approach For Fractional Diffusion-Wave Equations On Cantor Sets, Guo-Cheng Wu, Kai-Teng Wu Nov 2011

Variational Approach For Fractional Diffusion-Wave Equations On Cantor Sets, Guo-Cheng Wu, Kai-Teng Wu

G.C. Wu

The fractional variational iteration method is used to investigate the diffusion-wave problem on Cantor sets. The approximate solution is obtained in forms of fractional differentiable functions


Environmental Research With Undergraduates In East Asia: Collaborations In China And Japan, Gary A. Morris, Jon Schoer Oct 2011

Environmental Research With Undergraduates In East Asia: Collaborations In China And Japan, Gary A. Morris, Jon Schoer

Gary A. Morris

China: From 2007-2008 as part of a collaborative research project funded by the ASIANetwork, VU and the VLACD, 5 VU students (2 chemistry, 1 biology, 1 environmental science, and 1 civil engineering) spent 3 weeks in Zhejiang province, China and 7 additional weeks in northwest Indiana comparing and contrasting water quality issues and attitudes in the two regions. While in China, the students interacted with one another and graduate students, faculty, and staff from Zhejiang University and Zhejiang A &F University, and with multiple local & regional officials and residents to collect water quality data and opinions about key water …


The M81 Group Dwarf Irregular Galaxy Ddo165. Ii. Connecting Recent Star Formation With Ism Structures And Kinematics, John M. Cannon, Hans P. Most, Evan D. Skillman, Daniel R. Weisz, David Cook, Andrew E. Dolphin, Robert C. Kennicutt, Jr., Janice Lee, Anil Seth, Fabian Walter, Steven R. Warren Jul 2011

The M81 Group Dwarf Irregular Galaxy Ddo165. Ii. Connecting Recent Star Formation With Ism Structures And Kinematics, John M. Cannon, Hans P. Most, Evan D. Skillman, Daniel R. Weisz, David Cook, Andrew E. Dolphin, Robert C. Kennicutt, Jr., Janice Lee, Anil Seth, Fabian Walter, Steven R. Warren

John Cannon

No abstract provided.


Applications Of Local Fractional Calculus To Engineering In Fractal Time-Space: Local Fractional Differential Equations With Local Fractional Derivative, Yang Xiao-Jun Jun 2011

Applications Of Local Fractional Calculus To Engineering In Fractal Time-Space: Local Fractional Differential Equations With Local Fractional Derivative, Yang Xiao-Jun

Xiao-Jun Yang

This paper presents a better approach to model an engineering problem in fractal-time space based on local fractional calculus. Some examples are given to elucidate to establish governing equations with local fractional derivative.


A Short Introduction To Local Fractional Complex Analysis, Yang Xiao-Jun Jun 2011

A Short Introduction To Local Fractional Complex Analysis, Yang Xiao-Jun

Xiao-Jun Yang

This paper presents a short introduction to local fractional complex analysis. The generalized local fractional complex integral formulas, Yang-Taylor series and local fractional Laurent’s series of complex functions in complex fractal space, and generalized residue theorems are investigated.


A New Viewpoint To The Discrete Approximation: Discrete Yang-Fourier Transforms Of Discrete-Time Fractal Signal, Yang Xiao-Jun Jun 2011

A New Viewpoint To The Discrete Approximation: Discrete Yang-Fourier Transforms Of Discrete-Time Fractal Signal, Yang Xiao-Jun

Xiao-Jun Yang

It is suggest that a new fractal model for the Yang-Fourier transforms of discrete approximation based on local fractional calculus and the Discrete Yang-Fourier transforms are investigated in detail.


Relativistic Gravitational Potential Energy And General Free Fall: A Fundamental Topic In Physics, Jorge A. Franco Jun 2011

Relativistic Gravitational Potential Energy And General Free Fall: A Fundamental Topic In Physics, Jorge A. Franco

Jorge A Franco

In this paper, we derived expressions of the relativistic potential energy for radial, circular and general curvilinear motion of a mass under the influence of a gravitational field, and the equivalence relationship between velocity and radius in each case. Also it was obtained the influence of altitude on time, mass, length and other physical magnitudes for circular and general curvilinear motion, and for the static case or radial.


Relativistic Analysis Of Doppler Effect And Aberration Based On Vectorial Lorentz Transformations, Jorge A. Franco Jun 2011

Relativistic Analysis Of Doppler Effect And Aberration Based On Vectorial Lorentz Transformations, Jorge A. Franco

Jorge A Franco

In this paper, we derived more general and correct expressions for the Relativistic Doppler and Aberration effect.


The Evolution Of Stellar Structures In Dwarf Galaxies, N. Bastian, D. R. Weisz, E. D. Skillman, K.B. W. Mcquinn, A. E. Dolphin, R. A. Gutermuth, John M. Cannon, B. Ercolano, M. Gieles, R. C. Kennicutt, F. Walter Apr 2011

The Evolution Of Stellar Structures In Dwarf Galaxies, N. Bastian, D. R. Weisz, E. D. Skillman, K.B. W. Mcquinn, A. E. Dolphin, R. A. Gutermuth, John M. Cannon, B. Ercolano, M. Gieles, R. C. Kennicutt, F. Walter

John Cannon

No abstract provided.


Ozone Profile Observations In Houston, Texas (1994 - 2010) From Aircraft, Balloons, And Satellites, Gary A. Morris, Barry Lefer, Bernhard Rappenglueck, Christine Haman, Christopher Boxe, Scott Hersey, Valerie Thouret, Jean-Pierre Cammas, Bryan Johnson, Samuel Oltmans Apr 2011

Ozone Profile Observations In Houston, Texas (1994 - 2010) From Aircraft, Balloons, And Satellites, Gary A. Morris, Barry Lefer, Bernhard Rappenglueck, Christine Haman, Christopher Boxe, Scott Hersey, Valerie Thouret, Jean-Pierre Cammas, Bryan Johnson, Samuel Oltmans

Gary A. Morris

Houston, Texas has long been an urban area plagued with high levels of surface ozone, particularly in spring and late summer. The combination of a large commuter population and one of the largest concentrations of petrochemical plants in the world results in abundant and nearly co-located sources of NOx and hydrocarbons. The location of Houston on the South Coast of the United States in a subtropical climate results in meteorological conditions that favor ozone production. Using MOZAIC (1994 - 2004), ozonesonde (2000, 2004 - 2010), and TES (2005 – 2010) data, we examine the evolution of ozone profiles over Houston …


Condensation States And Landscaping With The Theory Of Abstraction, Subhajit Kumar Ganguly Jan 2011

Condensation States And Landscaping With The Theory Of Abstraction, Subhajit Kumar Ganguly

Subhajit Kumar Ganguly

The Abstraction theory is applied in landscaping. A collection of objects may be made to be vast or meager depending upon the scale of observations. This idea may be developed to unite the worlds of the great vastness of the universe and the minuteness of the sub-atomic realm. Keeping constant a scaling ratio for both worlds, these may actually be converted into two self-same representatives with respect to scaling. The Laws of Physical Transactions are made use of to study Bose-Einstein condensation. As the packing density of concerned constituents increase to a certain critical value, there may be evolution of …


Analysis Of The Theory Of Abstraction, Subhajit Kumar Ganguly Jan 2011

Analysis Of The Theory Of Abstraction, Subhajit Kumar Ganguly

Subhajit Kumar Ganguly

In this paper,a few more implications of the laws of physical transactions as per the Theory of Abstraction are dealt with.Analysis of these implications suggests the existence of `hidden` mass and `hidden` energy in a given physical transaction.Trajectory - examination of such possible transport is carried out. Relativistic cyclist phenomena are also dealt with in this paper.


Abstraction In Theory - Laws Of Physical Transactions, Subhajit Kumar Ganguly Jan 2011

Abstraction In Theory - Laws Of Physical Transactions, Subhajit Kumar Ganguly

Subhajit Kumar Ganguly

Considering transport or tendency of transport of physical entities from an initial to a final point,we come to a similar basis of understanding of various physical phenomena.The trajectory-behaviour of such transport represents the effect or field of influence.This way,we may explain cluster-formation in the universe,an expanding universe,etc.This may also lead to a similar basis for understanding the four non-contact forces of nature.Also,for different ranges of acceleration in the field formed in spacetime,we have different properties of matter interacting.This may explain the difference in ranges of the various forces.


A Few Implications Of The Laws Of Transactions, From The Abstraction Theory., Subhajit Kumar Ganguly Jan 2011

A Few Implications Of The Laws Of Transactions, From The Abstraction Theory., Subhajit Kumar Ganguly

Subhajit Kumar Ganguly

Considering transport of light through space-time, following the laws of physical transactions, it may be said that there must be a spreading effect on it. Over suitable distances from a source of light, an observer's perception is bound to be affected due to this spreading. In the following paper, these effects on the reception of a signal, due to the spreading of light are studied. Experimental set-ups are desired to verify the actual angles of spread with their theoretical values. An experiment regarding the minimum distance between two disturbances for them to be distinguishable is also carried out. The energy …


Hamiltonian Dynamics In The Theory Of Abstraction, Subhajit Kumar Ganguly Jan 2011

Hamiltonian Dynamics In The Theory Of Abstraction, Subhajit Kumar Ganguly

Subhajit Kumar Ganguly

This paper deals with fluid flow dynamics which may be Hamiltonian in nature and yet chaotic.Here we deal with sympletic invariance, canonical transformations and stability of such Hamiltonian flows. As a collection of points move along, it carries along and distorts its own neighbourhood. This in turn affects the stability of such flows.


Local Fractional Functional Analysis And Its Applications, Yang Xiao-Jun Jan 2011

Local Fractional Functional Analysis And Its Applications, Yang Xiao-Jun

Xiao-Jun Yang

Local fractional functional analysis is a totally new area of mathematics, and a totally new mathematical world view as well. In this book, a new approach to functional analysis on fractal spaces, which can be used to interpret fractal mathematics and fractal engineering, is presented. From Cantor sets to fractional sets, real line number and the spaces of local fractional functions are derived. Local fractional calculus of real and complex variables is systematically elucidated. Some generalized spaces, such as generalized metric spaces, generalized normed linear spaces, generalized Banach's spaces, generalized inner product spaces and generalized Hilbert spaces, are introduced. Elemental …


Local Fractional Laplace’S Transform Based Local Fractional Calculus, Yang Xiaojun Jan 2011

Local Fractional Laplace’S Transform Based Local Fractional Calculus, Yang Xiaojun

Xiao-Jun Yang

In this paper, a new modeling for the local fractional Laplace’s transform based on the local fractional calculus is proposed in fractional space. The properties of the local fractional Laplace’s transform are obtained and an illustrative example for the local fractional system is investigated in detail.


Fundamentals Of Local Fractional Iteration Of The Continuously Nondifferentiable Functions Derived Form Local Fractional Calculus, Yang Xiaojun Jan 2011

Fundamentals Of Local Fractional Iteration Of The Continuously Nondifferentiable Functions Derived Form Local Fractional Calculus, Yang Xiaojun

Xiao-Jun Yang

A new possible modeling for the local fractional iteration process is proposed in this paper. Based on the local fractional Taylor’s series, the fundamentals of local fractional iteration of the continuously non-differentiable functions are derived from local fractional calculus in fractional space.


Local Fractional Integral Transforms, Yang X Jan 2011

Local Fractional Integral Transforms, Yang X

Xiao-Jun Yang

Over the past ten years, the local fractional calculus revealed to be a useful tool in various areas ranging from fundamental science to various engineering applications, because it can deal with local properties of non-differentiable functions defined on fractional sets. In fractional spaces, a basic theory of number and local fractional continuity of non-differentiable functions are presented, local fractional calculus of real and complex variables is introduced. Some generalized spaces, such as generalized metric spaces, generalized normed linear spaces, generalized Banach’s spaces, generalized inner product spaces and generalized Hilbert spaces, are introduced. Elemental introduction to Yang-Fourier transforms, Yang-Laplace transforms, local …


Dna Strand Patterns On Aluminium Thin Films, Wan Haliza Binti Abd Majid Jan 2011

Dna Strand Patterns On Aluminium Thin Films, Wan Haliza Binti Abd Majid

Wan Haliza binti Abd Majid

A new patterning method using Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid (DNA) strands capable of producing nanogaps of less than 100 nm is proposed and investigated in this work. DNA strands from Bosenbergia rotunda were used as the fundamental element in patterning DNA on thin films of aluminium (Al) metal without the need for any lithographic techniques. The DNA strands were applied in buffer solutions onto thin films of Al on silicon (Si) and the chemical interactions between the DNA strands and Al creates nanometer scale arbitrary patterning by direct transfer of the DNA strands onto the substrate. This simple and cost-effective method …


Conductivity And Structural Studies Of Plasticized Polyacrylonitrile (Pan) - Lithium Triflate Polymer Electrolyte Films, Zurina Osman Jan 2011

Conductivity And Structural Studies Of Plasticized Polyacrylonitrile (Pan) - Lithium Triflate Polymer Electrolyte Films, Zurina Osman

Zurina Osman

The effect of different plasticizers on the properties of PAN-LiCF(3)SO(3) polymer electrolytes has been studied. Propylene carbonate (Pc) and ethylene carbonate (EC) having different values of donor numbers, dielectric constant and viscosity have been used as plasticizers. The highest room temperature conductivity for the film in the PAN-LiCF(3)SO(3) system was 3.04 x 10(-4) s cm(-1). The highest room temperature conductivity for the films in the PAN-EC-LiCF(3)SO(3) system and the PAN-PC-LiCF(3)SO(3) system was 1.32 x 10(-3) and 8.64 x 10(-4) S cm(-1). The addition of plasticizers has been found to enhance the conductivity of polymer electrolytes by increasing the amorphous content …


Comparative Studies On Plasticized And Unplasticized Polyacrylonitrile (Pan) Polymer Electrolytes Containing Lithium And Sodium Salts, Zurina Osman Jan 2011

Comparative Studies On Plasticized And Unplasticized Polyacrylonitrile (Pan) Polymer Electrolytes Containing Lithium And Sodium Salts, Zurina Osman

Zurina Osman

Polymer electrolytes based on polyacrylonitrile (PAN) containing inorganic salts; lithium inflate (LiCF(3)SO(3)) and sodium triflate (NaCF(3)SO(3)) and ethylene carbonate (EC) as plasticizer were prepared using solvent casting technique. In this study, five systems of plasticized and unplasticized polymer electrolyte films i.e. PAN-EC, PAN-LiCF(3)SO(3), PAN-NaCF(3)SO(3) PAN-EC-LiCF(3)SO(3) and PAN-EC-NaCF(3)SO(3) systems have been prepared. The structural and morphological properties of the films were studied using infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) while the conductivity study was done by using impedance spectroscopy. The infrared results revealed that interaction had taken place between the nitrogen atoms of PAN and Li(+) and Na(+) ions from …


Development And Characterization Of Poly-Epsilon-Caprolactone-Based Polymer Electrolyte For Lithium Rechargeable Battery, Zurina Osman Jan 2011

Development And Characterization Of Poly-Epsilon-Caprolactone-Based Polymer Electrolyte For Lithium Rechargeable Battery, Zurina Osman

Zurina Osman

A biodegradable polymer electrolyte based on Poly-epsilon-caprolactone (PCL) with various level of concentrations of Lithium salt and plasticizer have been synthesized under both the ambient and vacuum environments. The ionic conductivity, morphology, topology and structural properties are examined using EIS, SEM and XRD respectively. Conductivity as high as 3.48E-(04) Scm(-1) and 4.99E(-04) Scm(-1) are obtained for the ambient and vacuum environment respectively. Ionic mobility is improved by increasing the amorphousity content of the polymer and degree of salt dissociation with plasticizer. Ionic conductivity is further enhanced with the addition Li salt to increase the free ions concentration. Ionic conductivity measurements …


Split-Complex Representation Of The Universal Hypermultiplet, Moataz Emam Jan 2011

Split-Complex Representation Of The Universal Hypermultiplet, Moataz Emam

Moataz Emam

Split-complex fields usually appear in the context of Euclidean supersymmetry. In this paper, we propose that this can be generalized to the non-Euclidean case and that, in fact, the split-complex representation may be the most natural way to formulate the scalar fields of the five dimensional universal hypermultiplet. We supplement earlier evidence of this by studying a specific class of solutions and explicitly showing that it seems to favor this formulation. We also argue that this is directly related to the symplectic structure of the general hypermultiplet fields arising from non-trivial Calabi-Yau moduli. As part of the argument, we find …


Are We There Yet? The Search For A Theory Of Everything, Moataz Emam Jan 2011

Are We There Yet? The Search For A Theory Of Everything, Moataz Emam

Moataz Emam

No abstract provided.


Fabrication And Characterization Of Graphene Hydrogel Via Hydrothermal Approach As A Scaffold For Preliminary Study Of Cell Growth, Huang Nay Ming Jan 2011

Fabrication And Characterization Of Graphene Hydrogel Via Hydrothermal Approach As A Scaffold For Preliminary Study Of Cell Growth, Huang Nay Ming

Huang Nay Ming

Three-dimensional assembly of graphene hydrogel is rapidly attracting the interest of researchers because of its wide range of applications in energy storage, electronics, electrochemistry, and waste water treatment. Information on the use of graphene hydrogel for biological purposes is lacking, so we conducted a preliminary study to determine the suitability of graphene hydrogel as a substrate for cell growth, which could potentially be used as building blocks for biomolecules and tissue engineering applications. A three-dimensional structure of graphene hydrogel was prepared via a simple hydrothermal method using two-dimensional large-area graphene oxide nanosheets as a precursor. The concentration and lateral size …


Bi-Relaxation Behaviors In Epitaxial Multiferroic Double-Perovskite Bife0.5mn0.5o3/Caruo3 Heterostructures, Chew Khian Hooi, Zhan Q., Jiang Y., Miao J., Zhang X. Jan 2011

Bi-Relaxation Behaviors In Epitaxial Multiferroic Double-Perovskite Bife0.5mn0.5o3/Caruo3 Heterostructures, Chew Khian Hooi, Zhan Q., Jiang Y., Miao J., Zhang X.

Chew Khian Hooi

Multiferroic double-perovskite BiFe0.5Mn0.5O3 thin film heterostructures were epitaxially grown on CaRuO3-buffered (001) SrTiO3 by pulse laser deposition. Typical Vogel-Fulcher relaxorlike dielectric and magnetic susceptibilities were observed, implying the film exhibits the properties of an electric relaxor and a magnetic relaxor. Polarization and size of polar nanoregions (PNRs) were determined by fitting the dielectric constant to a multi-polarization mechanism model. It was found that PNRs of 7-11 nm decrease from 0.67 mu C/cm(2) to 0.11 mu C/cm(2), as the temperature increases from 380 K to 460 K. A weak ferromagnetism was observed via magnetic hysteresis loops up to 300 K. (C) …


Defects Control For Improved Electrical Properties In (Ba0.8sr0.2)(Zr0.2ti0.8)O-3 Films By Co Acceptor Doping, Chew Khian Hooi, Jiang Y., Miao J. Jan 2011

Defects Control For Improved Electrical Properties In (Ba0.8sr0.2)(Zr0.2ti0.8)O-3 Films By Co Acceptor Doping, Chew Khian Hooi, Jiang Y., Miao J.

Chew Khian Hooi

(Ba0.8Sr0.2)(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O-3 (BSZT) films were grown on La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 buffered (001) SrTiO3 substrates by pulsed laser deposition. Effects of Co doping on electrical properties of the films were investigated to establish material design through defects control. The doping led to a significant improvement in the electrical properties with reduction in leakage current and dielectric loss. In addition, the dielectric tunability and figure of merit were enhanced, implying that Co-doped BSZT films are promising materials for tunable microware applications. Our detail studies suggest that the improved electrical properties of Co-doped BSZT films are closely related to defect concentrations in the films. (C) 2011 …


Applications Of A 3-D Cfb Model On Oxycombustion, Gasification And Calcinator In Calcium Looping, Kari Myöhänen, Timo Hyppänen, Markku Nikku, Matti Koski, Jarno Parkkinen Jan 2011

Applications Of A 3-D Cfb Model On Oxycombustion, Gasification And Calcinator In Calcium Looping, Kari Myöhänen, Timo Hyppänen, Markku Nikku, Matti Koski, Jarno Parkkinen

Kari Myöhänen

No abstract provided.