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Articles 1 - 19 of 19
Full-Text Articles in Physics
Photolithographic Patterning Of Vacuum-Deposited Organic Light Emitting Devices, Peifang Tian, P. E. Burrows, S. E. Forrest
Photolithographic Patterning Of Vacuum-Deposited Organic Light Emitting Devices, Peifang Tian, P. E. Burrows, S. E. Forrest
Peifang Tian
We demonstrate a photolithographic technique to fabricate vacuum-deposited organic light emitting devices. Photoresist liftoff combined with vertical deposition of the emissive organic materials and the metal cathode, followed by oblique deposition of a metal cap, avoids the use of high processing temperatures and the exposure of the organic materials to chemical degradation. The unpackaged devices show no sign of deterioration in room ambient when compared with conventional devices fabricated using low-resolution, shadow mask patterning. Furthermore, the devices are resistant to rapid degradation when operated in air for extended periods. This work illustrates a potential foundation for the volume production of …
Features Of The Photon Statistics Of Two Coupled Electromagnetic Field Modes Under The Conditions Of Strong Mode Coupling, Mikhail E. Veisman, Serguei Y. Kalmykov
Features Of The Photon Statistics Of Two Coupled Electromagnetic Field Modes Under The Conditions Of Strong Mode Coupling, Mikhail E. Veisman, Serguei Y. Kalmykov
Serge Youri Kalmykov
The probabilities of transitions between the Fock states of two electromagnetic field modes under the influence of coupling between modes of finite duration are investigated. It is shown that the transition probability is a strongly oscillating function of the mode numbers of the photons. Under conditions in which the coupling frequency exceeds the geometric mean of the mode frequencies (strong coupling), large numbers of photons are excited in the mode with the lower frequency. The excitation of a two-dimensional radiation field oscillator and the ‘‘red’’ symmetry of the transition probabilities can be attributed to instability of the classical two-dimensional oscillator …
A Surface-Emitting Vacuum-Deposited Organic Light Emitting Device, V. Bulovic, Peifang Tian, P. E. Burrows, M. R. Gokhale, S. R. Forrest, M. E. Thompson
A Surface-Emitting Vacuum-Deposited Organic Light Emitting Device, V. Bulovic, Peifang Tian, P. E. Burrows, M. R. Gokhale, S. R. Forrest, M. E. Thompson
Peifang Tian
We demonstrate a vacuum-deposited organic light emitting device which emits from its top surface through a transparent indium-tin-oxide anode. This device employs a novel protective cap layer which prevents damage to the organic layers during sputter deposition of the anode, while also improving hole injection. Mechanisms of current transport and carrier injection from the contacts are investigated. This device configuration allows for integration of organic light emitting devices with n-channel field effect transistors used in display active matrix backplanes.
Production Of Η Mesons In Double Pomeron Exchange, Alec Schramm, Daniel Reeves
Production Of Η Mesons In Double Pomeron Exchange, Alec Schramm, Daniel Reeves
Alec J Schramm
We estimate the production cross section for ηc and ηb mesons via Pomeron-Pomeron fusion in peripheral heavy-ion collisions. Total and elastic PP cross sections are calculated in an equivalent Pomeron approximation.
Correlated And Coherent States Of The Two-Dimensional Quantum Oscillator With A Nonstationary Mode Coupling, Mikhail E. Veisman, Serguei Y. Kalmykov
Correlated And Coherent States Of The Two-Dimensional Quantum Oscillator With A Nonstationary Mode Coupling, Mikhail E. Veisman, Serguei Y. Kalmykov
Serge Youri Kalmykov
We investigate the squeezing and correlation phenomena of quantum fluctuations in correlated coherent states of a system of two oscillatory modes with a parametric coupling of the coordinates. In the regime of strong coupling between the modes, we discover an excitation and a strong correlation of the quantum fluctuations. The matrix of dispersions and covariances of the coordinates and momenta is found explicitly with the help of the method of the linear quantum integrals of motion.
Effects Of Low Polymer Content In A Liquid-Crystal Microlens, Toshiaki Nose, Shin Masuda, Susumu Sato, Jianlin Li, Liang-Chy Chien, Philip Bos
Effects Of Low Polymer Content In A Liquid-Crystal Microlens, Toshiaki Nose, Shin Masuda, Susumu Sato, Jianlin Li, Liang-Chy Chien, Philip Bos
Liang-Chy Chien
A small number of bifunctional monomers are mixed with a nematic liquid crystal (LC) and cured with a distributed electric field, which is produced by a circular-hole-patterned electrode structure. A gradient type of lens, that is, a LC microlens, is investigated for various polymer concentrations. Addition of 3% polymer is enough to freeze the gradient-index properties of the structure in the form of a convex lens, and a polymer-stabilized LC microlens is demonstrated. Although a lower concentration of polymer cannot hold the distribution properties in a curing process, it can maintain the variable focus as a nematic material can. The …
Effects Of Low Polymer Content In A Liquid-Crystal Microlens, Toshiaki Nose, Shin Masuda, Susumu Sato, Jianlin Li, Liang-Chy Chien, Philip J. Bos
Effects Of Low Polymer Content In A Liquid-Crystal Microlens, Toshiaki Nose, Shin Masuda, Susumu Sato, Jianlin Li, Liang-Chy Chien, Philip J. Bos
Philip J. Bos
A small number of bifunctional monomers are mixed with a nematic liquid crystal (LC) and cured with a distributed electric field, which is produced by a circular-hole-patterned electrode structure. A gradient type of lens, that is, a LC microlens, is investigated for various polymer concentrations. Addition of 3% polymer is enough to freeze the gradient-index properties of the structure in the form of a convex lens, and a polymer-stabilized LC microlens is demonstrated. Although a lower concentration of polymer cannot hold the distribution properties in a curing process, it can maintain the variable focus as a nematic material can. The …
Two-Photon Optogalvanic Spectra Of Argon: Odd Parity Rydberg States, Naveed Piracha, M. Baig, S. Khan, B. Suleman
Two-Photon Optogalvanic Spectra Of Argon: Odd Parity Rydberg States, Naveed Piracha, M. Baig, S. Khan, B. Suleman
Naveed K. Piracha
Extensive new data on the odd-parity, single-colour, two-photon optogalvanic spectra of argon in the visible region is reported using an excimer-pumped dye laser in conjunction with an argon discharge cell. The experimental technique enables us to record a pure two-photon spectrum in a region which is dominated by one-photon transitions. A large number of two-photon transitions, originating from the two metastable states [...] and [...] to the excited states of configurations [...] (J=0, 2) and [...] (J = 0 - 4) of argon, has been recorded and arranged into 10 Rydberg series. The interchannel interactions among the [...] and the …
Backward Stimulated Raman Scattering Of A Modulated Laser Pulse In Plasmas, Nikolai E. Andreev, Serguei Y. Kalmykov
Backward Stimulated Raman Scattering Of A Modulated Laser Pulse In Plasmas, Nikolai E. Andreev, Serguei Y. Kalmykov
Serge Youri Kalmykov
The specific features of backward stimulated Raman scattering (BSRS) of a short modulated (multi-frequency) laser pulse in underdense plasmas are studied. The effect of resonant suppression of the BSRS of higher frequency pulse components is explored. For an arbitrary pair of pulse components, in the conditions of weak coupling, it is demonstrated that the backscattering of a higher frequency laser pulse component is a five-wave resonant process at a frequency difference between the components close to the double plasma frequency. In the conditions of strong coupling the backscattering of neither pulse component is suppressed and the spectrum of the instability …
Small Scale Electronic Transport In Diamond Microcrystals., M. Jaeger, S. Hyun, Anthony Day, M. Thorpe, B. Golding
Small Scale Electronic Transport In Diamond Microcrystals., M. Jaeger, S. Hyun, Anthony Day, M. Thorpe, B. Golding
Anthony Roy Day
The interpretation of electronic transport in polycrystalline diamond has proven difficult as a result of the disorder arising from physical and chemical inhomogeneities. We describe experimental methods, based on electron beam lithography, for studying transport in single crystallites grown by CVD on Si substrates. The electrical contacting process utilizes the flexibility of the scanning electron microscope to write metallic contacts to individual crystallites with lateral dimensions of a few μm. A detailed analysis of the current distribution in the crystals allows us to extract the electronic conductivity from arbitrarily shaped, faceted crystals.
Stiffness Of Measurement System And Significant Figures Of Displacement Which Are Required To Interpret Adhesional Force Curves, Nancy Burnham, Kunio Takahashi, Hubert Pollock, Tadao Onzawa
Stiffness Of Measurement System And Significant Figures Of Displacement Which Are Required To Interpret Adhesional Force Curves, Nancy Burnham, Kunio Takahashi, Hubert Pollock, Tadao Onzawa
Nancy A. Burnham
Force curves obtained from an elastic contact theory are shown and compared with experimental results. In the elastic contact theory, a pin-on-disk contact is assumed and the following interaction are taken into consideration; (i) elastic deformation, (ii) the specific energy of adhesion in the area of the contact, which is expressed as the difference between the surface energies and the interface energy, (iii) the long-range interaction outside the area of contact, assuming the additivity of the Lennard-Jones type potential, and (iv) another elastic term for the measurement system such as the cantilever stiffness of an atomic force microscope (AFM). In …
Low Pressure Synthesis Of Bulk, Polycrystalline Gallium Nitride, Alberto Argoitia, Cliff C. Hayman, John C. Angus, Long Wang, Jeffrey S. Dyck, Kathleen Kash
Low Pressure Synthesis Of Bulk, Polycrystalline Gallium Nitride, Alberto Argoitia, Cliff C. Hayman, John C. Angus, Long Wang, Jeffrey S. Dyck, Kathleen Kash
Jeffrey Dyck
Thick films of polycrystalline GaN were grown at low pressures by direct reaction of atomic nitrogen with liquid Ga without the presence of a substrate. The crystals were confirmed to be wurtzitic GaN by x-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. Photoluminescence spectra showed near band edge peaks and broad yellow band emission at both 298 and 10 K. The results show that atomic nitrogen is an attractive alternative to high pressure N2 for the saturation of liquid gallium with nitrogen for the synthesis of bulk GaN.
Synthesis Of Bulk, Polycrystalline Gallium Nitride At Low Pressures, Alberto Argoitia, John Angus, Cliff Hayman, Long Wang, Jeffrey Dyck, Kathleen Kash
Synthesis Of Bulk, Polycrystalline Gallium Nitride At Low Pressures, Alberto Argoitia, John Angus, Cliff Hayman, Long Wang, Jeffrey Dyck, Kathleen Kash
Jeffrey Dyck
Bulk, polycrytalline gallium nitride was crystallized from gallium saturated with nitrogen obtained from a microwave electron cyclotron resonance source. The polycrystalline samples are wurtzitic and n-type. Well-faceted crystals give near-band-edge and yellow band photo-luminescence at both 10K and 300K. The results show that atomic nitrogen is an attractive alternative to high pressure molecular nitrogen for saturation of gallium with nitrogen for synthesis of bulk gallium nitride.
Growth Of Bulk, Polycrystalline Gallium And Indium Nitride At Sub-Atmospheric Pressures, John Angus, Alberto Argoitia, Cliff Hayman, Long Wang, Jeffrey Dyck, Kathleen Kash
Growth Of Bulk, Polycrystalline Gallium And Indium Nitride At Sub-Atmospheric Pressures, John Angus, Alberto Argoitia, Cliff Hayman, Long Wang, Jeffrey Dyck, Kathleen Kash
Jeffrey Dyck
Bulk polycrystalline gallium nitride and indium nitride were crystallized at sub-atmospheric pressures by saturating the pure metals with nitrogen from a microwave electron cyclotron resonance source. Saturation of Ga/In melts with nitrogen led only to the crystallization of gallium nitride. The polycrystralline samples were wurtzitic. The gallium nitride was well faceted, with narrow Raman lineshapes, and showed near-band-edge and yellow band photo-luminescence at both 4K and 300K. The indium nitirde was formed in smaller amounts, was less well faceted, and showed no photoluminescence.
The Linear Potential Propagator, Br Holstein
The Linear Potential Propagator, Br Holstein
Barry R Holstein
The Feynman propagator for the case of a linear potential is evaluated by a variety of means.
The Elastic Moduli Of Random Networks: Calculations, Anthony Day
The Elastic Moduli Of Random Networks: Calculations, Anthony Day
Anthony Roy Day
No abstract provided.
Internal Forces In Nondegenerate 2d Electron Systems, Christopher Fang-Yen, M Dykman, M Lea
Internal Forces In Nondegenerate 2d Electron Systems, Christopher Fang-Yen, M Dykman, M Lea
Christopher Fang-Yen
No abstract provided.
A Nonlinear Deformed Su(2) Algebra With A Two-Color Quasitriangular Hopf Structure, Andrei Ludu
A Nonlinear Deformed Su(2) Algebra With A Two-Color Quasitriangular Hopf Structure, Andrei Ludu
Andrei Ludu
No abstract provided.
Nonlinear Liquid Drop Model. Cnoidal Waves, Andrei Ludu
Nonlinear Liquid Drop Model. Cnoidal Waves, Andrei Ludu
Andrei Ludu
No abstract provided.