Physics Commons^™

Digital Plasmonic Holography, Joseph W. Nelson, Greta R. Knefelkamp, Alexandre G. Brolo, Nathan C. Lindquist

Physics and Engineering Faculty Publications

We demonstrate digital plasmonic holography for direct in-plane imaging with propagating surface-plasmon waves. Imaging with surface plasmons suffers from the lack of simple in-plane lenses and mirrors. Lens-less digital holography techniques, however, rely on digitally decoding an interference pattern between a reference wave and an object wave. With far-field diffractive optics, this decoding scheme provides a full recording, i.e., a hologram, of the amplitude and phase of the object wave, giving three-dimensional information from a two-dimensional recording. For plasmonics, only a one-dimensional recording is needed, and both the phase and amplitude of the propagating plasmons can be extracted for high-resolution …

Prospects For Observing And Localizing Gravitational-Wave Transients With Advanced Ligo, Advanced Virgo And Kagra, B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, M. R. Abernathy, F. Acernese, K. Ackley, C. Adams, Marc Favata, Shaon Ghosh, Rodica Martin

Department of Physics and Astronomy Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

We present possible observing scenarios for the Advanced LIGO, Advanced Virgo and KAGRA gravitational-wave detectors over the next decade, with the intention of providing information to the astronomy community to facilitate planning for multi-messenger astronomy with gravitational waves. We estimate the sensitivity of the network to transient gravitational-wave signals, and study the capability of the network to determine the sky location of the source. We report our findings for gravitational-wave transients, with particular focus on gravitational-wave signals from the inspiral of binary neutron star systems, which are the most promising targets for multi-messenger astronomy. The ability to localize the sources …

Revealing The Broad Line Region Of Ngc 1275: The Relationship To Jet Power, Brian Punsly, Paola Marziani, Vardha Nicola Bennert, Hiroshi Nagai, Mark A. Gurwell

Physics

NGC 1275 is one of the most conspicuous active galactic nuclei (AGN) in the local universe. The radio jet currently emits a flux density of ~10 Jy at ~1 mm wavelengths, down from the historic high of ~65 Jy in 1980. Yet, the nature of the AGN in NGC 1275 is still controversial. It has been debated whether this is a broad emission line (BEL) Seyfert galaxy, an obscured Seyfert galaxy, a narrow line radio galaxy, or a BL Lac object. We clearly demonstrate a persistent Hβ BEL over the last 35 yr with a full width at half …

Optimization Of Detergent-Mediated Reconstitution Of Influenza A M2 Protein Into Proteoliposomes, Catherine Hirshfeld Crouch, Margaret H. Bost , '17, Tae H. Kim , '14, Bryan M. Green , '16, Douglas Stuart Arbuckle , '17, Carl H. Grossman, Kathleen P. Howard

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Works

We report the optimization of detergent-mediated reconstitution of an integral membrane-bound protein, full-length influenza M2 protein, by direct insertion into detergent-saturated liposomes. Detergent-mediated reconstitution is an important method for preparing proteoliposomes for studying membrane proteins, and must be optimized for each combination of protein and membrane constituents used. The purpose of the reconstitution was to prepare samples for site-directed spin-labeling electron paramagnetic resonance (SDSL-EPR) studies. Our goals in optimizing the protocol were to minimize the amount of detergent used, reduce overall proteoliposome preparation time, and confirm the removal of all detergent. The liposomes were comprised of (1-palmitoyl-2-oleyl-sn-glycero-phosphocholine (POPC) and 1-palmitoyl-2-oleyl-sn-glycero-3-[phospho-rac-(1-glycerol)] …

Improved Gas Sensing Performance Of Ald Azo 3-D Coated Zno Nanorods, P. Lin, X. Chen, K. Zhang, H. Baumgart

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

This paper reports an enhancement on the sensing performance of ZnO nanorod ethanol sensors with a new approach by utilizing nested coatings of Aluminum doped ZnO (AZO) thin films by Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) technology. ZnO nanorods were grown by the hydrothermal method with the ZnO seed layer synthesized on Silicon wafers by ALD. To enhance the sensing performance of ZnO nanorod ethanol sensors, multiple coated AZO thin film 3-D coatings were deposited on the surface of the intrinsic ZnO nanorods by ALD.To investigate the sensing performance of the ZnO nanorods sensor for the detection of ethanol vapor, a gas …

Wavelength Stability In A Hybrid Photonic Crystal Laser Through Controlled Nonlinear Absorptive Heating In The Reflector, Andrei P. Bakoz, Alexandros A. Liles, Alfredo A. Gonzalez-Fernandez, Tatiana Habruseva, Changyu Hu, Evgeny A. Viktorov, Stephen P. Hegarty, Liam O'Faolain

Cappa Publications

The need for miniaturized, fully integrated semiconductor lasers has stimulated significant research efforts into realizing unconventional configurations that can meet the performance requirements of a large spectrum of applications, ranging from communication systems to sensing. We demonstrate a hybrid, silicon photonics-compatible photonic crystal (PhC) laser architecture that can be used to implement cost-effective, high-capacity light sources, with high side-mode suppression ratio and milliwatt output output powers. The emitted wavelength is set and controlled by a silicon PhC cavity-based reflective filter with the gain provided by a III–V-based reflective semiconductor optical amplifier (RSOA). The high power density in the laser cavity …

Challenges With Large Transverse Momentum In Semi-Inclusive Deeply Inelastic Scattering, J. O. Gonzalez-Hernandez, T. C. Rogers, N. Sato, B. Wang

Physics Faculty Publications

We survey the current phenomenological status of semi-inclusive deeply inelastic scattering at moderate hard scales and in the limit of very large transverse momentum. As the transverse momentum becomes comparable to or larger than the overall hard scale, the differential cross sections should be calculable with fixed order perturbative QCD (pQCD) methods, while small transverse momentum (transverse-momentum-dependent factorization) approximations should eventually break down. We find large disagreement between HERMES and COMPASS data and fixed order calculations done with modern parton densities, even in regions of kinematics where such calculations should be expected to be very accurate. Possible interpretations are suggested.

Determination Of The Magnetic Field Dependence Of The Surface Resistance Of Superconductors From Cavity Tests, J. R. Delayen, H. Park, S. Su. De Silva, G. Ciovati, Z. Li

Physics Faculty Publications

We present a general method to derive the magnetic field dependence of the surface resistance of superconductors from the Q-curves obtained during the cryogenic tests of cavities. The results are applied to coaxial half-wave cavities, TM-like “elliptical” accelerating cavities, and cavities of more complicated geometries.

Question 1: Clock Variation; Question 2: Recycling Coffee Pods, Larry Weinstein

Physics Faculty Publications

The article presents questions and answers regarding the impact of gravity on pendulum clocks and the recycling of coffee pods.

Evidence For Terahertz Acoustic Phonon Parametric Oscillator Based On Acousto-Optic Degenerate Four-Wave Mixing In A Silicon Doping Superlattice, Thomas E. Wilson

Physics Faculty Research

We report evidence for a 1.0-THz self-starting mirrorless acoustic phonon parametric oscillator (MAPPO) produced from acousto-optic phase-conjugate degenerate four-wave (D4WM) mixing in a THz laser-pumped silicon doping superlattice (DSL). The DSL was grown by molecular beam epitaxy on a (100) boron-doped silicon substrate. A superconducting NbTiN subwavelength grating was used to couple the THz laser radiation into the DSL. Superconducting granular aluminum bolometric detection, coupled with Si:B piezophonon spectroscopy, revealed excitation of THz coherent compressional and shear waves, along the ⟨111⟩ direction only. The Bragg scattering condition for distributed feedback, and the energy conservation requirement for the D4WM process, were …

Author Correction: Femtosecond Laser Mass Spectrometry And High Harmonic Spectroscopy Of Xylene Isomers (Scientific Reports (2018) Doi: 10.1038/S41598-018-22055-9), Abdullah Alharbi, Andrewy E. Boguslavskiy, Dane Austin, Nicolas Thire, D. Wood, P. Hawkins, Felicity Mcgrath, A. S. Johnson, I. Lopez-Quintas, Bruno Schmidt, Francois Legare, J. P. Marangos, Anh-Thu Le, Ravi Bhardwaj

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

The original version of this Article contained a typographical error in the spelling of the author Nicolas Thiré, which was incorrectly given as Nicholas Thiré. Nicolas Thiré was also incorrectly affiliated with 'Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano, IQFR-CSIC, Serrano 119, 28006, Madrid, Spain'. The correct affiliation is listed below.

INRS-EMT, Advanced Laser Light Source, 1650 Lionel-Boulet Bvd, Varennes, J3X1S2, Canada.

This has now been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the Article and in the accompanying Supplementary Information file.

Identification Of Receptor Ligands In Apo B100 Reveals Potential Functional Domains, Juan Guevara Jr., Jamie Romo Jr., Ernesto Hernandez, Natalia Valentinova Guevara

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications and Presentations

LDL, VLDL and other members of the low-density lipoparticles (LLPs) enter cells through a large family of receptors. The actual receptor ligand(s) in apolipoprotein B100, one of the main proteins of LLP, remain(s) unknown. The objective of this study was to identify true receptor ligand(s) in apo B100, a molecule of 4,563 residues. Apo B100 contains 33 analogues of Cardin-Weintraub Arginine/Lysine-based receptor ligand motifs and shares key Lysine motifs and sequence similarity with the LDL receptor-associated protein, RAP, MESD, and heat shock proteins. Eleven FITC-labeled synthetic peptides of 21 – 42 residues, with at least one ligand, were tested for …

High-Performance Self-Powered Uv Detector Based On Sno2-Tio2 Nanomace Arrays, Duo Chen, Lin Wei, Lingpan Meng, Yanxue Chen, Yufeng Tian, Shishen Yan, Liangmo Mei, Jun Jiao

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Photoelectrochemical cell-typed self-powered UV detectors have attracted intensive research interest due to their low cost, simple fabrication process, and fast response. In this paper, SnO2-TiO2 nanomace arrays composed of SnO2 nanotube trunk and TiO2 nanobranches were prepared using soft chemical methods, and an environment-friendly self-powered UV photodetector using this nanostructure as the photoanode was assembled. Due to the synergistic effect of greatly accelerated electron-hole separation, enhanced surface area, and reduced charge recombination provided by SnO2-TiO2 nanomace array, the nanostructured detector displays an excellent performance over that based on bare SnO2 arrays. The impact of the growing time of TiO2 branches …

Combining Atomic Force Microscopy And Shear-Force Acoustic Near-Field Microscopy To Characterize Confined Mesoscopic Fluids, Monte Allen Kozell, Theodore Brockman, Andres H. La Rosa

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

An atomic force microscopy (AFM) cantilever is integrated into to a quartz tuning fork (QTF) to probe the viscoelastic properties of mesoscopic fluid layers confined between two solid surfaces under shear. Two procedures to fabricate the AFM/QTF probe are described herein. In the first, a nano-manipulator is used to transport a commercially available afm cantilever from its chip holder to the edge of a QTF tine. In the second, an afm cantilever is fabricated at the edge of the QTF tine itself. In both cases we exploit the capabilities of a dual-beam system (focused ion beam/scanning electron microscope), equipped with …

Confined Fluid Analyzed With Near-Field Acoustic Detection, Rodolfo Fernandez Rodriguez, Theodore Brockman, J. Bai, Andres H. La Rosa

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Measurement of the damping and elastic interactions between two solids interfaces (one being the apex of a tapered probe that is attached to one tine of a quartz tuning fork while the other is a flat substrate) under relative lateral oscillatory motion are reported. The solid boundaries are separated by a nanometer sized gap, and emphasis is placed on the role played by the mesoscopic fluid trapped in between. The measurements were implemented using two new acoustic techniques that have been integrated into a tuning fork based scanning probe microscope; the whole metrology system offers sub-nanometer precision for controlling the …

Finite Element Method Analysis Of Whispering Gallery Acoustic Sensing, T. Le, H. Tran, Rodolfo Fernandez Rodriguez, C.J. Solano Salinas, Nima Laal, R. Bringas, J. Quispe, F. Segundo, Andres H. La Rosa

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Whispering Gallery Acoustic Sensing (WGAS) has recently been introduced as a sensing feedback mechanism to control the probe-sample separation distance in scanning probe microscopy that uses a quartz tuning fork as a sensor (QTF-SPM). WGAS exploits the SPM supporting frame as a resonant acoustic cavity to monitor the nanometer-sized amplitude of the QTF oscillations. Optimal WGAS sensitivity depends on attaining an exact match between the cavity's frequency peak response and the TF resonance frequency. However, two aspects play against this objective: i) the unpredictable variability of the TF resonance frequency (upon attaching a SPM-probe to one of its tines), …

Probe Damage Evaluation In Frequency-Modulation Shear-Force Acoustic Near-Field Microscopy, Theodore Brockman, Rodolfo Fernandez Rodriguez, J. Bai, Monte Allen Kozell, Andres H. La Rosa

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Shear-force acoustic near-field microscopy (SANM) and Whispering Gallery Acoustic Sensing have recently been introduced as a tandem system to characterize the viscoelastic response of fluids confined between two solid-boundaries in relative oscillatory lateral motion. SANM uses a) a laterally oscillating tapered probe (attached to a quartz tuning fork QTF) as one of the trapping boundaries, and b) an acoustic sensor (attached to the other flat-substrate boundary) that independently monitors the fluid’s acoustic emission. On the other and, WGAS is another technique that uses an acoustic transducer (attached to the frame holding the probe) to monitor the probe’s lateral motion amplitude. …

Instrumentation-Level Improvements In Shear-Force Near-Field Acoustic Microscopy, J. Bai, P. Devulapalli, Theodore Brockman, Andres H. La Rosa

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

The recently introduced Shear-force Near-field Acoustic Microscopy (SANM) brings a new sensing mechanism to the scanning probe microscopy family. SANM's ability to simultaneously monitor, in real time, several physical sample's responses presents some challenges for ensuring optimal operation; namely, avoid "cross-talk" among the multiple signals, address the compensation of thermal drift to ensure reproducibility of the measurements, and measuring the typical low-level signals obtained from nanometer-sized tested regions. Here, several improvements relevant to SANM, but valid for SPM in general, are addressed. i) The probe's coarse approach is performed via stepper motors, which are controlled either by a computer …

Generating High-Order Optical And Spin Harmonics From Ferromagnetic Monolayers, G.P. Zhang, M.S. Si, M. Murakami, Y.H. Bai, Thomas George

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Works

High-order harmonic generation (HHG) in solids has entered a new phase of intensive research, with envisioned band-structure mapping on an ultrashort time scale. This partly benefits from a flurry of new HHG materials discovered, but so far has missed an important group. HHG in magnetic materials should have profound impact on future magnetic storage technology advances. Here we introduce and demonstrate HHG in ferromagnetic monolayers. We find that HHG carries spin information and sensitively depends on the relativistic spin–orbit coupling; and if they are dispersed into the crystal momentum k space, harmonics originating from real transitions can be k-resolved and …

Search For Subsolar-Mass Ultracompact Binaries In Advanced Ligo's First Observing Run, B. P. Abbott, Marco Cavaglia, For Full List Of Authors, See Publisher's Website.

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We present the first Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo search for ultracompact binary systems with component masses between 0.2 M_⊙-1.0 M_⊙ using data taken between September 12, 2015 and January 19, 2016. We find no viable gravitational wave candidates. Our null result constrains the coalescence rate of monochromatic (delta function) distributions of nonspinning (0.2 M_⊙, 0.2 M_⊙) ultracompact binaries to be less than 1.0 x 10⁶ Gpc^-3 yr^-1 and the coalescence rate of a similar distribution of (1.0 M_⊙, 1.0 M_⊙) ultracompact binaries to be less …

Prospects For Observing And Localizing Gravitational-Wave Transients With Advanced Ligo, Advanced Virgo And Kagra, Benjamin P. Abbott, Marco Cavaglia, For Full List Of Authors, See Publisher's Website.

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We present possible observing scenarios for the Advanced LIGO, Advanced Virgo and KAGRA gravitational-wave detectors over the next decade, with the intention of providing information to the astronomy community to facilitate planning for multi-messenger astronomy with gravitational waves. We estimate the sensitivity of the network to transient gravitational-wave signals, and study the capability of the network to determine the sky location of the source. We report our findings for gravitational-wave transients, with particular focus on gravitational-wave signals from the inspiral of binary neutron star systems, which are the most promising targets for multi-messenger astronomy. The ability to localize the sources …

Impact Of Bubble Baths On Stainless Steel Sphere Water Entry, Wesley Robinson

Physics Capstone Projects

Soap Bubbles on the water surface would seem to be an intuitive means for splash suppression, but their presence appears to be a double edged sword. We present on the water entry of hydrophilic spheres where the liquid surface is augmented by the presence of a bubble layer, similar to a bubble bath. While the presence of a bubble layer can diminish splashing upon impact at low Weber numbers, it also induces cavity formation at speeds below the critical velocity. The formation of a cavity generally results in larger Worthington jets and thus, larger amounts of ejected liquid. Bubble layers …

Mathematica Program To Compute Klein Gordon Equation For Generic Black Holes, Brant Smith

Physics Capstone Projects

The goal of this project is to develop a program that will compute the Klein Gordon equation for generic Black Holes through the program Mathematica. This program will be available on Utah State websites for public usage. This project focuses on an understanding of General Relativity and more concretely on theoretical aspects of Black Holes. Developing the program begins with computing the Laplace equation in flat space to understand what it means to have empty space without a Black Hole. The Klein Gordon equation for a Schwarzschild Black Hole is then solved to show what happens once a static, non-rotating …

Strong Electron-Boson Coupling In The Iron-Based Superconductor Bafe1.9pt0.1as2 Revealed By Infrared Spectroscopy, Zhen Xing, Shanta Saha, J. Paglione, M. M. Qazilbash

Arts & Sciences Articles

Understanding the formation of Cooper pairs in iron-based superconductors is one of the most important topics in condensed matter physics. In conventional superconductors, the electron-phonon interaction leads to the formation of Cooper pairs. In conventional strong-coupling superconductors like lead (Pb), the features due to electron-phonon interaction are evident in the infrared absorption spectra. Here we investigate the infrared absorption spectra of the iron arsenide superconductor BaFe1.9Pt0.1As2. We find that this superconductor has fully gapped (nodeless) Fermi surfaces, and we observe the strong-coupling electron-boson interaction features in the infrared absorption spectra. Through modeling with the Eliashberg function based on Eliashberg theory, …

Validation Of The Nonhydrostatic General Curvilinear Coastal Ocean Model (Gccom) For Stratified Flows, Mariangel Garcia, Paul Choboter, Ryan K. Walter, Jose E. Castillo

Physics

While global- and basin-scale processes can be captured quite well with computationally-inexpensive hydrostatic models, smaller-scale features such as shoaling nonlinear internal waves and bores, coastal fronts, and other convective processes require the use of a nonhydrostatic model to accurately capture dynamics. Here the nonhydrostatic capabilities of the General Curvilinear Coastal Ocean Model (GCCOM) in a stratified environment are introduced. GCCOM is a three-dimensional, nonhydrostatic Large Eddy Simulation (LES), rigid lid model that has the ability to run in a fully three-dimensional general curvilinear coordinate system. This model was previously validated for unstratified flows with curvilinear coordinates. Here, recent advances of …

Isostructural Metal-Insulator Transition In Vo2, J. W. Spinuzzi, D. A. Tenne

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

The metal-insulator transition in correlated materials is usually coupled to a symmetry-lowering structural phase transition. This coupling not only complicates the understanding of the basic mechanism of this phenomenon but also limits the speed and endurance of prospective electronic devices. Here, we design and demonstrate an isostructural, purely electronically-driven metal-insulator transition in epitaxial heterostructures of an archetypal correlated material vanadium dioxide. A combination of thin-film synthesis, structural and electrical characterizations, and theoretical modeling reveals that an interface interaction suppresses the electronic correlations without changing the crystal structure in this otherwise correlated insulator. It stabilizes a non-equilibrium metallic phase, and leads …

Transverse Spin Transfer To Λ And Λ¯ Hyperons In Polarized Proton-Proton Collisions At √S = 200 Gev, J. Adam, L. Adamczyk, James K. Adkins, G. Agakishiev, M. M. Aggarwal, Z. Ahammed, I. Alekseev, D. M. Anderson, R. Aoyama, A. Aparin, D. Arkhipkin, E. C. Aschenauer, M. U. Ashraf, F. Atetalla, A. Attri, G. S. Averichev, X. Bai, V. Bairathi, K. Barish, A. J. Bassill, A. Behera, R. Bellwied, A. Bhasin, A. K. Bhati, J. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, L. C. Bland, I. G. Bordyuzhin, J. D. Brandenburg, A. V. Brandin, Renee H. Fatemi, Suvarna Ramachandran

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

The transverse spin transfer from polarized protons to Λ and Λ¯ hyperons is expected to provide sensitivity to the transversity distribution of the nucleon and to the transversely polarized fragmentation functions. We report the first measurement of the transverse spin transfer to Λ and Λ¯ along the polarization direction of the fragmenting quark, D_TT, in transversely polarized proton-proton collisions at √s = 200  GeV with the STAR detector at RHIC. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 18  pb⁻¹ and cover the pseudorapidity range |η| < 1.2 and transverse momenta p_T up to 8  GeV/c. …

Directly Photoexcited Dirac And Weyl Fermions In Zrsis And Nbas, Christopher P. Weber, Leslie M. Schoop, Stuart S. P. Parkin, Robert C. Newby, Alex Nateprov, Bettina Lotsch, Bala Murali Krishna Mariserla, J. Matthew Kim, Keshav M. Dani, Hans A. Bechtel, Ernerst Arushanov, Mazhar Ali

Physics

We report ultrafast optical measurements of the Dirac line-node semimetal ZrSiS and the Weyl semimetal NbAs, using mid-infrared pump photons from 86 meV to 500 meV to directly excite Dirac and Weyl fermions within the linearly dispersing bands. In NbAs, the photoexcited Weyl fermions initially form a non-thermal distribution, signified by a brief spike in the differential reflectivity whose sign is controlled by the relative energy of the pump and probe photons. In ZrSiS, electron-electron scattering rapidly thermalizes the electrons, and the spike is not observed. Subsequently, hot carriers in both materials cool within a few picoseconds. This cooling, as …

Structural, Magnetic, And Mössbauer Studies Of Transition Metal-Doped Gd2fe16ga0.5tm0.5 Intermetallic Compounds (Tm = Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, And Zn), Jiba Dahal, K. S. Syed Ali, S. R. Mishra, J. Alam

Department of Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

The effect of transition metal substitution for Fe and the structural and magnetic properties of Gd₂Fe₁₆Ga_0.5TM_0.5 (TM = Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn) compounds were investigated in this study. Rietveld analysis of X-ray data indicates that all the samples crystallize in the hexagonal Th₂Ni₁₇ structure. The lattice parameters a, c, and the unit cell volume show TM ionic radii dependence. Both Ga and TM atoms show preferred site occupancy for 12j and 12k sites. The saturation magnetization at room temperature was observed for Co, Ni, and Cu of …

In Defence Of The Self-Location Uncertainty Account Of Probability In The Many-Worlds Interpretation, Kelvin J. Mcqueen, Lev Vaidman

Philosophy Faculty Articles and Research

We defend the many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics (MWI) against the objection that it cannot explain why measurement outcomes are predicted by the Born probability rule. We understand quantum probabilities in terms of an observer's self-location probabilities. We formulate a probability postulate for the MWI: the probability of self-location in a world with a given set of outcomes is the absolute square of that world's amplitude. We provide a proof of this postulate, which assumes the quantum formalism and two principles concerning symmetry and locality. We also show how a structurally similar proof of the Born rule is available for …