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Articles 1 - 17 of 17
Full-Text Articles in Physics
Observation Of B0→P¯Λd(*)−, Y. Y. Chang Et Al
Observation Of B0→P¯Λd(*)−, Y. Y. Chang Et Al
Faculty and Research Publications
We report the first observation of the decays B0→p¯ΛD(*)−. The data sample of 711 fb−1 used in this analysis corresponds to 772×106 B¯B pairs, collected at the Υ(4S) resonance by the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e− collider. We observe 19.8σ and 10.8σ excesses of events for the two decay modes and measure the branching fractions of B0→p¯ΛD− and B0→p¯ΛD*− to be (25.1±2.6±3.5)×10−6 and (33.6±6.3±4.4)×10−6, respectively, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic. These results are not compatible with the predictions based on the generalized factorization approach. In addition, a threshold enhancement in the dibaryon …
Self-Consistent Modeling Of Photoionization And The Kerr Effect In Bulk Solids, Jeremy R. Gulley, Thomas E. Lanier
Self-Consistent Modeling Of Photoionization And The Kerr Effect In Bulk Solids, Jeremy R. Gulley, Thomas E. Lanier
Faculty and Research Publications
In calculations of ultrafast laser-induced ionization the treatment of fundamental mechanisms such as photoionization and the Kerr effect are treated in isolation using monochromatic perturbative approaches. Such approaches are often questionable for pulses of ultrashort duration and multi-chromatic spectra. In this work we address this issue by solving the quantum optical Bloch equations in a 3D quasi-momentum space and show how to couple this model to ultrashort pulse propagation in dielectrics. This approach self-consistently couples a quantum calculation of the photoionization yield, the photoionization current, and the current from free-carriers with the traditional Kerr effect (self-focusing and self phase modulation) …
Calculation Of Nonlinear Optical Damage From Space-Time-Tailored Pulses In Dielectrics, Thomas E. Lanier, Jeremy R. Gulley
Calculation Of Nonlinear Optical Damage From Space-Time-Tailored Pulses In Dielectrics, Thomas E. Lanier, Jeremy R. Gulley
Faculty and Research Publications
Control of the time duration of a laser pulse as it focuses spatially in a material provides a means for delaying the onset of nonlinear e↵ects during propagation. We investigate simultaneous space-time focusing (SSTF) of femtosecond radially-chirped annular pulses in Kerr dielectrics. The energy and temporal chirp of pulses incident upon a grating-grating-lens system are varied in simulations that solve the unidirectional pulse propagation equation. This system is modeled by inserting transformations that act on the electric field obtained from propagation from one component to the next. The propagation is coupled to the time evolution of the free charge density …
Inclusive Cross Sections For Pairs Of Identified Light Charged Hadrons And For Single Protons In E^{+}E^{-} At Sqrt[S]=10.58gev, R. Seidl Et Al., D. Joffe
Inclusive Cross Sections For Pairs Of Identified Light Charged Hadrons And For Single Protons In E^{+}E^{-} At Sqrt[S]=10.58gev, R. Seidl Et Al., D. Joffe
Faculty and Research Publications
We report the first double differential cross sections of two charged pions and kaons (e+e−→hhX) in electron-positron annihilation as a function of the fractional energies of the two hadrons for any charge and hadron combination. The dependence of these dihadron cross sections on the topology (same, opposite hemisphere or anywhere) is also studied with the help of the event shape variable thrust and its axis. The ratios of these dihadron cross sections for different charges and hadron combinations directly shed light on the contributing fragmentation functions. For example, we find that the ratio of same-sign pion pairs over opposite-sign pion …
First Observation Of The Hadronic Transition Υ(4s)→Ηhb(1p)And New Measurement Of The Hb(1p) And Ηb(1s) Parameters, U. Tamponi, R. Mussa, A. Abdesselam, H. Aihara, K. Arinstein, D. Joffe
First Observation Of The Hadronic Transition Υ(4s)→Ηhb(1p)And New Measurement Of The Hb(1p) And Ηb(1s) Parameters, U. Tamponi, R. Mussa, A. Abdesselam, H. Aihara, K. Arinstein, D. Joffe
Faculty and Research Publications
Using a sample of 771.6×106 ΥΥ(4S) decays collected by the Belle experiment at the KEKB e+e− collider, we observe, for the first time, the transition Υ(4S)→ηhb(1P) with the branching fraction B[Υ(4S)→ηhb(1P)]=(2.18±0.11±0.18)×10−3 and we measure the hb(1P) mass Mhb(1P)=(9899.3±0.4±1.0) MeV/c2, corresponding to the hyperfine (HF) splitting ΔMHF(1P)=(0.6±0.4±1.0) MeV/c2. Using the transition hb(1P)→γηb(1S), we measure the ηb(1S) mass Mηb(1S)=(9400.7±1.7±1.6) MeV/c2, corresponding to ΔMHF(1S)=(59.6±1.7±1.6) MeV/c2, the ηb(1S) width Γηb(1S)=(8+6−5±5) MeV/c2and the branching fraction B[hb(1P)→γηb(1S)]=(56±8±4)%.
First Observation Of The Hadronic Transition Υ(4s)→Ηhb(1p) And New Measurement Of The Hb(1p) And Ηb(1s) Parameters, U. Tamponi Et Al
First Observation Of The Hadronic Transition Υ(4s)→Ηhb(1p) And New Measurement Of The Hb(1p) And Ηb(1s) Parameters, U. Tamponi Et Al
Faculty and Research Publications
Using a sample of 771.6×106 ΥΥ(4S) decays collected by the Belle experiment at the KEKB e+e− collider, we observe, for the first time, the transition Υ(4S)→ηhb(1P) with the branching fraction B[Υ(4S)→ηhb(1P)]=(2.18±0.11±0.18)×10−3 and we measure the hb(1P) mass Mhb(1P)=(9899.3±0.4±1.0) MeV/c2, corresponding to the hyperfine (HF) splitting ΔMHF(1P)=(0.6±0.4±1.0) MeV/c2. Using the transition hb(1P)→γηb(1S), we measure the ηb(1S) mass Mηb(1S)=(9400.7±1.7±1.6) MeV/c2, corresponding to ΔMHF(1S)=(59.6±1.7±1.6) MeV/c2, the ηb(1S) width Γηb(1S)=(8+6−5±5) MeV/c2 and the branching fraction B[hb(1P)→γηb(1S)]=(56±8±4)%.
Measurement Of The Branching Ratio Of B[Over ¯]→D^{(*)}Τ^{−}Ν[Over ¯]_{Τ} Relative To B[Over ¯]→D^{(*)}ℓ^{-}Ν[Over ¯]_{ℓ} Decays With Hadronic Tagging At Belle, M. Huschle Et Al., D. Joffe
Measurement Of The Branching Ratio Of B[Over ¯]→D^{(*)}Τ^{−}Ν[Over ¯]_{Τ} Relative To B[Over ¯]→D^{(*)}ℓ^{-}Ν[Over ¯]_{ℓ} Decays With Hadronic Tagging At Belle, M. Huschle Et Al., D. Joffe
Faculty and Research Publications
We report a measurement of the branching fraction ratios R(D(*)) of ¯B→D(*)τ−¯ντ relative to ¯B→D(*)ℓ−¯νℓ (where ℓ=e or μ) using the full Belle data sample of 772×106B¯B pairs collected at the Υ(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e− collider. The measured values are R(D)=0.375±0.064(stat)±0.026(syst) and R(D∗)=0.293±0.038(stat)±0.015(syst). The analysis uses hadronic reconstruction of the tag-side B meson and purely leptonic τ decays. The results are consistent with earlier measurements and do not show a significant deviation from the standard model prediction.
First Observation Of Cp Violation In ¯B0→D(*)Cph0 Decays By A Combined Time-Dependent Analysis Of Babar And Belle Data, A. Abdesselam Et Al
First Observation Of Cp Violation In ¯B0→D(*)Cph0 Decays By A Combined Time-Dependent Analysis Of Babar And Belle Data, A. Abdesselam Et Al
Faculty and Research Publications
We report a measurement of the time-dependent CP asymmetry of ¯B0→D(*)CPh0 decays, where the light neutral hadron h0 is a π0, η, or ω meson, and the neutral D meson is reconstructed in the CP eigenstates K+K−, K0Sπ0, or K0Sω. The measurement is performed combining the final data samples collected at the Υ(4S) resonance by the BABAR and Belle experiments at the asymmetric-energy B factories PEP-II at SLAC and KEKB at KEK, respectively. The data samples contain (471±3)×106B¯B pairs recorded by the BABAR detector and (772±11)×106B¯B pairs recorded by the Belle detector. We measure the CP asymmetry parameters −ηfS=+0.66±0.10(stat)±0.06(syst) and …
High-Order Threshold Corrections For Top-Pair And Single-Top Production, Nikolaos Kidonakis
High-Order Threshold Corrections For Top-Pair And Single-Top Production, Nikolaos Kidonakis
Faculty and Research Publications
I present results for high-order corrections from threshold resummation to cross sections and differential distributions in top-antitop pair production and in single-top production. I show aN3LO results for the total tt¯ cross section as well as for the top-quark transverse momentum (pT) and rapidity distributions, and the top-quark forward-backward asymmetry in tt¯production. I compare with the most recent Tevatron and LHC data, including at 13 TeV. I also present aNNLO results for cross sections and pT distributions in t-channel, s-channel, and tW-channel single-top production.
Symmetry And The Arrow Of Time In Theoretical Black Hole Astrophysics, David Garofalo
Symmetry And The Arrow Of Time In Theoretical Black Hole Astrophysics, David Garofalo
Faculty and Research Publications
While the basic laws of physics seem time-reversal invariant, our understanding of the apparent irreversibility of the macroscopic world is well grounded in the notion of entropy. Because astrophysics deals with the largest structures in the Universe, one expects evidence there for the most pronounced entropic arrow of time. However, in recent theoretical astrophysics work it appears possible to identify constructs with time-reversal symmetry, which is puzzling in the large-scale realm especially because it involves the engines of powerful outflows in active galactic nuclei which deal with macroscopic constituents such as accretion disks, magnetic fields, and black holes. Nonetheless, the …
N3lo Calculations For Top-Quark Differential Cross Sections Near Partonic Threshold, Nikolaos Kidonakis
N3lo Calculations For Top-Quark Differential Cross Sections Near Partonic Threshold, Nikolaos Kidonakis
Faculty and Research Publications
I present calculations of approximate corrections from NNLL soft-gluon resummation for total and differential cross sections in top-antitop pair production and single-top production in hadronic collisions. I show that soft-gluon corrections from partonic threshold are the dominant contribution to top-quark production and closely approximate exact results. I present aN3LO results for the total tt¯cross section, the top-quark pT and rapidity distributions, and the top-quark forwardbackward asymmetry. I also provide updates for single-top production in the t, s, and tW channels. Finally, I discuss top-quark production via anomalous gluon couplings.
Selectivity Mechanism Of The Voltage-Gated Proton Channel, Hv1, Todor Dudev, Boris Musset, Deri Morgan, Susan M. Smith
Selectivity Mechanism Of The Voltage-Gated Proton Channel, Hv1, Todor Dudev, Boris Musset, Deri Morgan, Susan M. Smith
Faculty and Research Publications
Abstract• Introduction• Results• Discussion• Methods• Additional Information• References• Acknowledgements• Author information• Supplementary information Voltage-gated proton channels, HV1, trigger bioluminescence in dinoflagellates, enable calcification in coccolithophores, and play multifarious roles in human health. Because the proton concentration is minuscule, exquisite selectivity for protons over other ions is critical to HV1 function. The selectivity of the open HV1 channel requires an aspartate near an arginine in the selectivity filter (SF), a narrow region that dictates proton selectivity, but the mechanism of proton selectivity is unknown. Here we use a reduced quantum model to elucidate how the Asp–Arg SF selects protons but excludes …
N3lo Approximate Results For Top-Quark Differential Cross Sections And Forward-Backward Asymmetry, Nikolaos Kidonakis
N3lo Approximate Results For Top-Quark Differential Cross Sections And Forward-Backward Asymmetry, Nikolaos Kidonakis
Faculty and Research Publications
I present a calculation of approximate N3LO corrections from NNLL soft-gluon resummation for differential distributions in top-antitop pair production in hadronic collisions. Soft-gluon corrections are the dominant contribution to top-quark production and closely approximate exact results through NNLO. I show aN3LO results for the total tt¯ cross section, the top-quark pT and rapidity distributions, and the top-quark forward-backward asymmetry. The higher-order corrections are significant and they reduce theoretical uncertainties.
Theoretical Results For Electroweak-Boson And Single-Top Production, Nikolaos Kidonakis
Theoretical Results For Electroweak-Boson And Single-Top Production, Nikolaos Kidonakis
Faculty and Research Publications
I present results from recent high-order calculations for the production of electroweak bosons and top quarks. In particular, I discuss W and Z boson production at large transverse momentum, single-top production, and FCNC top production. Theoretical predictions which include higherorder soft-gluon corrections are presented for total cross sections and differential distributions at the LHC.
Measurement Of The Direct Cp Asymmetry In ¯B→Xs+Dγ Decays With A Lepton Tag, L. Pesántez Et Al
Measurement Of The Direct Cp Asymmetry In ¯B→Xs+Dγ Decays With A Lepton Tag, L. Pesántez Et Al
Faculty and Research Publications
We report the measurement of the direct CP asymmetry in the radiative ¯B→Xs+dγ decay using a data sample of (772±11)×106 B¯B pairs collected at the Υ(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e− collider. The CP asymmetry is measured as a function of the photon energy threshold. For E∗γ≥2.1 GeV, where E∗γ is the photon energy in the center-of-mass frame, we obtain ACP(¯B→Xs+dγ)=(2.2±3.9±0.9)%, consistent with the standard model prediction.
The Top Quark Forward-Backward Asymmetry At Approximate N3lo, Nikolaos Kidonakis
The Top Quark Forward-Backward Asymmetry At Approximate N3lo, Nikolaos Kidonakis
Faculty and Research Publications
I calculate the top quark forward-backward asymmetry at the Tevatron in both the laboratory frame and the tt¯ rest frame. I show that soft-gluon corrections are the dominant contribution to the asymmetry and closely approximate exact results through next-tonext-to-leading order (NNLO). I present a calculation of the asymmetry including approximate next-to-next-to-next-to-leading-order (N3LO) soft-gluon contributions from next-tonext-to-leading-logarithm (NNLL) resummation as well as electroweak corrections. Thus approximate N3LO (aN3LO) results are obtained, which significantly enhance and improve previous NNLO results. The theoretical aN3LO result for the top quark forward-backward asymmetry at the Tevatron in the laboratory frame is (6.8±0.3)%, and in the …
Nnnlo Soft-Gluon Corrections For The Top-Quark Pt And Rapidity Distributions, Nikolaos Kidonakis
Nnnlo Soft-Gluon Corrections For The Top-Quark Pt And Rapidity Distributions, Nikolaos Kidonakis
Faculty and Research Publications
I present a calculation of next-to-next-to-next-to-leading-order (NNNLO) soft-gluon corrections for differential distributions in top-antitop pair production in hadronic collisions. Approximate NNNLO (aNNNLO) results are obtained from soft-gluon resummation. Theoretical predictions are shown for the top-quark aNNNLO transverse momentum (pT ) and rapidity distributions at LHC and Tevatron energies. The aNNNLO corrections enhance previous results for the distributions but have smaller theoretical uncertainties.