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Articles 1 - 30 of 42
Full-Text Articles in Physics
Generation Of Flower High-Order Poincaré Sphere Laser Beams From A Spatial Light Modulator, T. H. Lu, T. D. Huang, J. G. Wang, L. W. Wang, Robert R. Alfano
Generation Of Flower High-Order Poincaré Sphere Laser Beams From A Spatial Light Modulator, T. H. Lu, T. D. Huang, J. G. Wang, L. W. Wang, Robert R. Alfano
Publications and Research
We propose and experimentally demonstrate a new complex laser beam with inhomogeneous polarization distributions mapping onto high-order Poincaré spheres (HOPSs). The complex laser mode is achieved by superposition of Laguerre-Gaussian modes and manifests exotic flower-like localization on intensity and phase profiles. A simple optical system is used to generate a polarization-variant distribution on the complex laser mode by superposition of orthogonal circular polarizations with opposite topological charges. Numerical analyses of the polarization distribution are consistent with the experimental results. The novel flower HOPS beams can act as a new light source for photonic applications.
Properties Of The Schrödinger Theory Of Electrons In Electromagnetic Fields, Viraht Sahni, Xiao-Yin Pan
Properties Of The Schrödinger Theory Of Electrons In Electromagnetic Fields, Viraht Sahni, Xiao-Yin Pan
Publications and Research
The Schrödinger theory of electrons in an external electromagnetic field can be described from the perspective of the individual electron via the ‘Quantal Newtonian’ laws (or differential virial theorems). These laws are in terms of ‘classical’ fields whose sources are quantal expectations of Hermitian operators taken with respect to the wave function. The laws reveal the following physics: (a) In addition to the external field, each electron experiences an internal field whose components are representative of a specific property of the system such as the correlations due to the Pauli exclusion principle and Coulomb repulsion, the electron density, kinetic effects, …
Triode For Magnetic Flux Quanta, V.K. Vlasko-Vlasov, F. Caluto, Timothy Benseman, D. Rosenmann, W.K. Kwok
Triode For Magnetic Flux Quanta, V.K. Vlasko-Vlasov, F. Caluto, Timothy Benseman, D. Rosenmann, W.K. Kwok
Publications and Research
In an electronic triode, the electron current emanating from the cathode is regulated by the electric potential on a grid between the cathode and the anode. Here we demonstrate a triode for single quantum magnetic field carriers, where the flow of individual magnetic vortices in a superconducting film is regulated by the magnetic potential of striae of soft magnetic strips deposited on the film surface. By rotating an applied in-plane field, the magnetic strip potential can be varied due to changes in the magnetic charges at the strip edges, allowing accelerated or retarded motion of magnetic vortices inside the superconductor. …
Research Update: The Mechanocaloric Potential Of Spin Crossover Compounds, Karl G. Sandeman
Research Update: The Mechanocaloric Potential Of Spin Crossover Compounds, Karl G. Sandeman
Publications and Research
We present a first evaluation of the potential for spin crossover (SCO) compounds to be considered as a new class of giant mechanocaloric effect materials. From literature data on the variation of the spin crossover temperature with pressure, we estimate the maximum available adiabatic temperature change for several compounds and the relatively low pressures that may be required to observe these effects.
Investigation Of Electric Field–Induced Structural Changes At Fe-Doped Srtio3 Anode Interfaces By Second Harmonic Generation, David Ascienzo, Haochen Yuan, Steven Greenbaum, Thorsten J. Bayer, Russell A. Maier, Jian-Jun Wang, Clive A. Randall, Elizabeth C. Dickey, Haibin Zhao, Yuhang Ren
Investigation Of Electric Field–Induced Structural Changes At Fe-Doped Srtio3 Anode Interfaces By Second Harmonic Generation, David Ascienzo, Haochen Yuan, Steven Greenbaum, Thorsten J. Bayer, Russell A. Maier, Jian-Jun Wang, Clive A. Randall, Elizabeth C. Dickey, Haibin Zhao, Yuhang Ren
Publications and Research
We report on the detection of electric field–induced second harmonic generation (EFISHG) from the anode interfaces of reduced and oxidized Fe-doped SrTiO3 (Fe:STO) single crystals. For the reduced crystal, we observe steady enhancements of the susceptibility components as the imposed dc-voltage increases. The enhancements are attributed to a field-stabilized electrostriction, leading to Fe:Ti-O bond stretching and bending in Fe:Ti-O6 octahedra. For the oxidized crystal, no obvious structural changes are observed below 16 kV/cm. Above 16 kV/cm, a sharp enhancement of the susceptibilities occurs due to local electrostrictive deformations in response to oxygen vacancy migrations away from the anode. Differences between …
Long-Term Data Storage In Diamond, Siddharth Dhomkar, Jacob Henshaw, Harishankar Jayakumar, Carlos A. Meriles
Long-Term Data Storage In Diamond, Siddharth Dhomkar, Jacob Henshaw, Harishankar Jayakumar, Carlos A. Meriles
Publications and Research
The negatively charged nitrogen vacancy (NV−) center in diamond is the focus of widespread attention for applications ranging from quantum information processing to nanoscale metrology. Althoughmostwork so far has focused on the NV− optical and spin properties, control of the charge state promises complementary opportunities. One intriguing possibility is the long-term storage of information, a notion we hereby introduce using NV-rich, type 1b diamond. As a proof of principle, we use multicolor optical microscopy to read, write, and reset arbitrary data sets with twodimensional (2D) binary bit density comparable to present digital-video-disk (DVD) technology. Leveraging on the singular dynamics of …
Locality, Bulk Equations Of Motion And The Conformal Bootstrap, Daniel N. Kabat, Gilad Lifsch
Locality, Bulk Equations Of Motion And The Conformal Bootstrap, Daniel N. Kabat, Gilad Lifsch
Publications and Research
We develop an approach to construct local bulk operators in a CFT to order 1/N2. Since 4-point functions are not fixed by conformal invariance we use the OPE to categorize possible forms for a bulk operator. Using previous results on 3-point functions we construct a local bulk operator in each OPE channel. We then impose the condition that the bulk operators constructed in different channels agree, and hence give rise to a well-defined bulk operator. We refer to this condition as the “bulk bootstrap.” We argue and explicitly show in some examples that the bulk bootstrap leads to some of …
Interplay Between Evanescence And Disorder In Deep Subwavelength Photonic Structures, Hanan Herzig Sheinfux, Ido Kaminer, Azriel Z. Genack, Mordechai Segev
Interplay Between Evanescence And Disorder In Deep Subwavelength Photonic Structures, Hanan Herzig Sheinfux, Ido Kaminer, Azriel Z. Genack, Mordechai Segev
Publications and Research
Deep subwavelength features are expected to have minimal impact on wave transport. Here we show that in contrast to this common understanding, disorder can have a dramatic effect in a one-dimensional disordered optical system with spatial features a thousand times smaller than the wavelength. We examine a unique regime of Anderson localization where the localization length is shown to scale linearly with the wavelength instead of diverging, because of the role of evanescent waves. In addition, we demonstrate an unusual order of magnitude enhancement of transmission induced due to localization. These results are described for electromagnetic waves, but are directly …
Non-Hermitian Engineering Of Single Mode Two Dimensional Laser Arrays, Mohammad H. Teimourpour, Li Ge, Demetrios N. Christodoulides, Ramy El-Ganainy
Non-Hermitian Engineering Of Single Mode Two Dimensional Laser Arrays, Mohammad H. Teimourpour, Li Ge, Demetrios N. Christodoulides, Ramy El-Ganainy
Publications and Research
A new scheme for building two dimensional laser arrays that operate in the single supermode regime is proposed. This is done by introducing an optical coupling between the laser array and lossy pseudoisospectral chains of photonic resonators. The spectrum of this discrete reservoir is tailored to suppress all the supermodes of the main array except the fundamental one. This spectral engineering is facilitated by employing the Householder transformation in conjunction with discrete supersymmetry. The proposed scheme is general and can in principle be used in different platforms such as VCSEL arrays and photonic crystal laser arrays.
Stratifying On-Shell Cluster Varieties: The Geometry Of Non-Planar On-Shell Diagrams, Jacob L. Bourjaily, Sebastian Franco, Danielle Galloni, Congkao Wen
Stratifying On-Shell Cluster Varieties: The Geometry Of Non-Planar On-Shell Diagrams, Jacob L. Bourjaily, Sebastian Franco, Danielle Galloni, Congkao Wen
Publications and Research
The correspondence between on-shell diagrams in maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory and cluster varieties in the Grassmannian remains largely unexplored beyond the planar limit. In this article, we describe a systematic program to survey such `on-shell varieties', and use this to provide a complete classification in the case of G(3; 6). In particular, we find exactly 24 top-dimensional varieties and 10 co-dimension one varieties in G(3; 6) | up to parity and relabeling of the external legs. We use this case to illustrate some of the novelties found for non-planar varieties relative to the case of positroids, and describe some of …
Quantized Conductance Doubling And Hard Gap In A Two-Dimensional Semiconductor–Superconductor Heterostructure, M. Kjaergaard, F. Nichele, H. J. Suominen, M. P. Nowak, M. Wimmer, A. R. Akhmerov, J. A. Folk, K. Flensberg, J. Shabani, C. J. Palmstrom, C. M. Marcus
Quantized Conductance Doubling And Hard Gap In A Two-Dimensional Semiconductor–Superconductor Heterostructure, M. Kjaergaard, F. Nichele, H. J. Suominen, M. P. Nowak, M. Wimmer, A. R. Akhmerov, J. A. Folk, K. Flensberg, J. Shabani, C. J. Palmstrom, C. M. Marcus
Publications and Research
Coupling a two-dimensional (2D) semiconductor heterostructure to a superconductor opens new research and technology opportunities, including fundamental problems in mesoscopic superconductivity, scalable superconducting electronics, and new topological states of matter. One route towards topological matter is by coupling a 2D electron gas with strong spin–orbit interaction to an s-wave superconductor. Previous efforts along these lines have been adversely affected by interface disorder and unstable gating. Here we show measurements on a gateable InGaAs/InAs 2DEG with patterned epitaxial Al, yielding devices with atomically pristine interfaces between semiconductor and superconductor. Using surface gates to form a quantum point contact (QPC), we find …
Evidence For A Mixed Mass Composition At The ‘Ankle’ In The Cosmic-Ray Spectrum, A. Aab, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, E. J. Ahn, I. Al Samarai, I. F. M. Albuquerque, I. Allekotte, P. Allison, A. Almela, J. Alvarez Castillo, J. Alvarez-Muniz, M. Ambrosio, G. A. Anastasi, Luis Anchordoqui, B. Andrada, S. Andringa, C. Aramo, F. Arqueros, N. Arsene, H. Asorey
Evidence For A Mixed Mass Composition At The ‘Ankle’ In The Cosmic-Ray Spectrum, A. Aab, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, E. J. Ahn, I. Al Samarai, I. F. M. Albuquerque, I. Allekotte, P. Allison, A. Almela, J. Alvarez Castillo, J. Alvarez-Muniz, M. Ambrosio, G. A. Anastasi, Luis Anchordoqui, B. Andrada, S. Andringa, C. Aramo, F. Arqueros, N. Arsene, H. Asorey
Publications and Research
We report a first measurement for ultrahigh energy cosmic rays of the correlation between the depth of shower maximum and the signal in the water Cherenkov stations of air-showers registered simultaneously by the fluorescence and the surface detectors of the Pierre Auger Observatory. Such a correlation measurement is a unique feature of a hybrid air-shower observatory with sensitivity to both the electromagnetic and muonic components. It allows an accurate determination of the spread of primary masses in the cosmic-ray flux. Up till now, constraints on the spread of primary masses have been dominated by systematic uncertainties. The present correlation measurement …
Associated Production Of A Top Pair And A W Boson At Next-To-Next-To-Leading Logarithmic Accuracy, Alessandro Broggio, Andrea Ferroglia, Giovanni Ossola, Ben D. Pecjak
Associated Production Of A Top Pair And A W Boson At Next-To-Next-To-Leading Logarithmic Accuracy, Alessandro Broggio, Andrea Ferroglia, Giovanni Ossola, Ben D. Pecjak
Publications and Research
We consider soft gluon emission corrections to the production of a top-antitop pair in association with a W boson at the Large Hadron Collider. We obtain a soft-gluon resummation formula for this production process which is valid up to next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy. We evaluate the soft gluon resummation formula in Mellin space by means of an in-house parton level Monte Carlo code which allows us to obtain predictions for the total cross section as well as for several differential distributions. We study the impact of the soft-gluon resummation corrections in comparison to fixed order calculations.
Optical Patterning Of Trapped Charge In Nitrogen-Doped Diamond, Harishankar Jayakumar, Jacob Henshaw, Siddharth Dhomkar, Daniela Pagliero, Abdelghani Laraoui, Neil B. Manson, Remus Albu, Marcus W. Doherty, Carlos A. Meriles
Optical Patterning Of Trapped Charge In Nitrogen-Doped Diamond, Harishankar Jayakumar, Jacob Henshaw, Siddharth Dhomkar, Daniela Pagliero, Abdelghani Laraoui, Neil B. Manson, Remus Albu, Marcus W. Doherty, Carlos A. Meriles
Publications and Research
The nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centre in diamond is emerging as a promising platform for solid-state quantum information processing and nanoscale metrology. Of interest in these applications is the manipulation of the NV charge, which can be attained by optical excitation. Here, we use two-colour optical microscopy to investigate the dynamics of NV photo-ionization, charge diffusion and trapping in type-1b diamond. We combine fixed-point laser excitation and scanning fluorescence imaging to locally alter the concentration of negatively charged NVs, and to subsequently probe the corresponding redistribution of charge. We uncover the formation of spatial patterns of trapped charge, which we qualitatively reproduce …
Polarized 3 Parton Production In Inclusive Dis At Small X, Alejandro Ayala, Martin Hentschinski, Jamal Jalilian-Marian, Maria Elena Tejeda-Yeomans
Polarized 3 Parton Production In Inclusive Dis At Small X, Alejandro Ayala, Martin Hentschinski, Jamal Jalilian-Marian, Maria Elena Tejeda-Yeomans
Publications and Research
Azimuthal angular correlations between produced hadrons/jets in high energy collisions are a sensitive probe of the dynamics of QCD at small x. Here we derive the triple differential cross section for inclusive production of 3polarized partons in DIS at small x. The target proton or nucleus is described using the Color Glass Condensate (CGC) formalism. The resulting expressions are used to study azimuthal angular correlations between produced partons in order to probe the gluon structure of the target hadron or nucleus. Our analytic expressions can also be used to calculate the real part of the Next to Leading Order (NLO) …
Electron Correlations In Local Effective Potential Theory, Viraht Sahni, Xiao-Yin Pan, Tao Yang
Electron Correlations In Local Effective Potential Theory, Viraht Sahni, Xiao-Yin Pan, Tao Yang
Publications and Research
Local effective potential theory, both stationary-state and time-dependent, constitutes the mapping from a system of electrons in an external field to one of the noninteracting fermions possessing the same basic variable such as the density, thereby enabling the determination of the energy and other properties of the electronic system. This paper is a description via Quantal Density Functional Theory (QDFT) of the electron correlations that must be accounted for in such a mapping. It is proved through QDFT that independent of the form of external field, (a) it is possible to map to a model system possessing all the basic …
Asymmetric Interiors For Small Black Holes, Daniel N. Kabat, Gilad Lifschytz
Asymmetric Interiors For Small Black Holes, Daniel N. Kabat, Gilad Lifschytz
Publications and Research
We develop the representation of infalling observers and bulk fields in the CFT as a way to understand the black hole interior in AdS. We first discuss properties of CFT states which are dual to black holes. We then show that in the presence of a Killing horizon bulk fields can be decomposed into pieces we call ingoing and outgoing. The ingoing field admits a simple operator representation in the CFT, even inside a small black hole at late times, which leads to a simple CFT description of infalling geodesics. This means classical infalling observers will experience the classical geometry …
Experimental Demonstration Of The Microscopic Origin Of Circular Dichroism In Two-Dimensional Metamaterials, Alexander B. Khanikaev, N. Arju, Z. Fan, D. Purtseladze, F. Lu, J. Lee, P. Sarriugarte, M. Schnell, R. Hillenbrand, M. A. Belkin, G. Shvets
Experimental Demonstration Of The Microscopic Origin Of Circular Dichroism In Two-Dimensional Metamaterials, Alexander B. Khanikaev, N. Arju, Z. Fan, D. Purtseladze, F. Lu, J. Lee, P. Sarriugarte, M. Schnell, R. Hillenbrand, M. A. Belkin, G. Shvets
Publications and Research
Optical activity and circular dichroism are fascinating physical phenomena originating from the interaction of light with chiral molecules or other nano objects lacking mirror symmetries in three-dimensional (3D) space. While chiral optical properties are weak in most of naturally occurring materials, they can be engineered and significantly enhanced in synthetic optical media known as chiral metamaterials, where the spatial symmetry of their building blocks is broken on a nanoscale. Although originally discovered in 3D structures, circular dichroism can also emerge in a two-dimensional (2D) metasurface. The origin of the resulting circular dichroism is rather subtle, and is related to non-radiative …
Floquet Topological Insulators For Sound, Romain Fleury, Alexander B. Khanikaev, Andrea Alu
Floquet Topological Insulators For Sound, Romain Fleury, Alexander B. Khanikaev, Andrea Alu
Publications and Research
The unique conduction properties of condensed matter systems with topological order have recently inspired a quest for the similar effects in classical wave phenomena. Acoustic topological insulators, in particular, hold the promise to revolutionize our ability to control sound, allowing for large isolation in the bulk and broadband one-way transport along their edges, with topological immunity against structural defects and disorder. So far, these fascinating properties have been obtained relying on moving media, which may introduce noise and absorption losses, hindering the practical potential of topological acoustics. Here we overcome these limitations by modulating in time the acoustic properties of …
Atomistic Corrective Scheme For Supercell Density Functional Theory Calculations Of Charged Defects, Tengfei Cao, Angelo Bongiorno
Atomistic Corrective Scheme For Supercell Density Functional Theory Calculations Of Charged Defects, Tengfei Cao, Angelo Bongiorno
Publications and Research
A new method to correct formation energies of charged defects obtained by supercell densityfunctional calculations is presented and applied to bulk, surface, and low-dimensional systems. The method relies on atomistic models and a polarizable force field to describe a material system and its dielectric properties. The polarizable force field is based on a minimal set of fitting parameters, it accounts for the dielectric screening arising from ions and electrons separately, and it can be easily implemented in any software for atomistic molecular dynamics simulations. This work illustrates both technical aspects and applications of the new corrective scheme. The method is …
Update On 750 Gev Diphotons From Closed String States, Luis Anchordoqui, Ignatios Antoniadis, Haim Goldberg, Xing Huang, Dieter Lüst, Tomasz R. Taylor
Update On 750 Gev Diphotons From Closed String States, Luis Anchordoqui, Ignatios Antoniadis, Haim Goldberg, Xing Huang, Dieter Lüst, Tomasz R. Taylor
Publications and Research
Motivated by the recent update on LHC searches for narrow and broad resonances decaying into diphotons we reconsider the possibility that the observed peak in the invariant mass spectrum at Mγγ=750GeVoriginates from a closed string (possibly axionic) excitation ϕ(associated with low mass scale string theory) that has a coupling with gauge kinetic terms. We reevaluate the production of ϕby photon fusion to accommodate recent developments on additional contributions to relativistic light–light scattering. We also study the production of ϕvia gluon fusion. We show that for both a narrow and a broad resonance these two initial topologies can accommodate the excess …
Light-Activated Photocurrent Degradation And Self-Healing In Perovskite Solar Cells, Wanyi Nie, Jean-Christophe Blancon, Amanda J. Neukirch, Kannatassen Appavoo, Hsinhan Tsai, Manish Chhowalla, Muhammad A. Alam, Matthew Y. Sfeir, Claudine Katan, Jacky Even, Sergei Tretiak, Jared J. Crochet, Gautam Gupta, Aditya D. Mohite
Light-Activated Photocurrent Degradation And Self-Healing In Perovskite Solar Cells, Wanyi Nie, Jean-Christophe Blancon, Amanda J. Neukirch, Kannatassen Appavoo, Hsinhan Tsai, Manish Chhowalla, Muhammad A. Alam, Matthew Y. Sfeir, Claudine Katan, Jacky Even, Sergei Tretiak, Jared J. Crochet, Gautam Gupta, Aditya D. Mohite
Publications and Research
Solution-processed organometallic perovskite solar cells have emerged as one of the most promising thin-film photovoltaic technology. However, a key challenge is their lack of stability over prolonged solar irradiation. Few studies have investigated the effect of light soaking on hybrid perovskites and have attributed the degradation in the optoelectronic properties to photochemical or field-assisted ion migration. Here we show that the slow photocurrent degradation in thin-film photovoltaic devices is due to the formation of light-activated meta-stable deep-level trap states. However, the devices can self-heal completely by resting them in the dark for <1 min or the degradation can be completely prevented by operating the devices at 0°C. We investigate several physical mechanisms to explain the microscopic origin for the formation of these trap states, among which the creation of small polaronic states involving localized cooperative lattice strain and molecular orientations emerges as a credible microscopic mechanism requiring further detailed studies.
A Direct Mechanism Of Ultrafast Intramolecular Singlet Fission In Pentacene Dimers, Eric G. Fuemmeler, Samuel N. Sanders, Andrew B. Pun, Elango Kumarasamy, Tao Zeng, Kiyoshi Miyata, Michael L. Steigerwald, X.-Y. Zhu, Matthew Y. Sfeir, Luis M. Campos, Nandini Ananth
A Direct Mechanism Of Ultrafast Intramolecular Singlet Fission In Pentacene Dimers, Eric G. Fuemmeler, Samuel N. Sanders, Andrew B. Pun, Elango Kumarasamy, Tao Zeng, Kiyoshi Miyata, Michael L. Steigerwald, X.-Y. Zhu, Matthew Y. Sfeir, Luis M. Campos, Nandini Ananth
Publications and Research
Interest in materials that undergo singlet fission (SF) has been catalyzed by the potential to exceed the Shockley–Queisser limit of solar power conversion efficiency. In conventional materials, the mechanism of SF is an intermolecular process (xSF), which is mediated by charge transfer (CT) states and depends sensitively on crystal packing or molecular collisions. In contrast, recently reported covalently coupled pentacenes yield ∼2 triplets per photon absorbed in individual molecules: the hallmark of intramolecular singlet fission (iSF). However, the mechanism of iSF is unclear. Here, using multireference electronic structure calculations and transient absorption spectroscopy, we establish that iSF can occur via …
Brane Brick Models And 2d (0, 2) Triality, Sebastian Franco, Sangmin Lee, Rak-Kyeong Seong
Brane Brick Models And 2d (0, 2) Triality, Sebastian Franco, Sangmin Lee, Rak-Kyeong Seong
Publications and Research
We provide a brane realization of 2d (0; 2) Gadde-Gukov-Putrov triality in terms of brane brick models. These are Type IIA brane configurations that are T-dual to D1-branes over singular toric Calabi-Yau 4-folds. Triality translates into a local transformation of brane brick models, whose simplest representative is a cube move. We present explicit examples and construct their triality networks. We also argue that the classical mesonic moduli space of brane brick model theories, which corresponds to the probed Calabi-Yau 4-fold, is invariant under triality. Finally, we discuss triality in terms of phase boundaries, which play a central role in connecting …
Spin Polarisation Oft ̄Tγγproduction At Nlo+Ps With Gosam Interfaced To Madgraph5_Amc@Nlo, Hans Van Deurzen, Rikkert Frederix, Valentin Hirschi, Gionata Luisoni, Pierpaolo Mastrolia, Giovanni Ossola
Spin Polarisation Oft ̄Tγγproduction At Nlo+Ps With Gosam Interfaced To Madgraph5_Amc@Nlo, Hans Van Deurzen, Rikkert Frederix, Valentin Hirschi, Gionata Luisoni, Pierpaolo Mastrolia, Giovanni Ossola
Publications and Research
We present an interface between the multipurpose Monte Carlo toolMadGraph5_aMC@NLOand the automated amplitude generator GoSam. As a first application of this novel framework, we compute the NLO corrections topp→t ̄tHandpp→t ̄tγγmatched to a parton shower. In the phenomenological analyses of these processes, we focus our attention on observables which are sensitive to the polarisation of the top quarks.
Glass Polymorphism In Glycerol–Water Mixtures: Ii. Experimental Studies, Johannes Bachler, Violeta Fuentes-Landete, David A. Jahn, Jessina Wong, Nicolas Giovambattista, Thomas Loerting
Glass Polymorphism In Glycerol–Water Mixtures: Ii. Experimental Studies, Johannes Bachler, Violeta Fuentes-Landete, David A. Jahn, Jessina Wong, Nicolas Giovambattista, Thomas Loerting
Publications and Research
We report a detailed experimental study of (i) pressure-induced transformations in glycerol–water mixtures at T = 77 K and P = 0–1.8 GPa, and (ii) heating-induced transformations of glycerol–water mixtures recovered at 1 atm and T = 77 K. Our samples are prepared by cooling the solutions at ambient pressure at various cooling rates (100 K s1–10 K h1) and for the whole range of glycerol mole fractions, wg. Depending on concentration and cooling rates, cooling leads to samples containing amorphous ice (wg Z 0.20), ice (wg r 0.32), and/or ‘‘distorted ice’’ (0 o wg r 0.38). Upon compression, we …
Associated Production Of A Top Pair And A Higgs Boson Beyond Nlo, Alessandro Broggio, Andrea Ferroglia, Ben D. Pecjak, Adrian Signer, Li Lin Yang
Associated Production Of A Top Pair And A Higgs Boson Beyond Nlo, Alessandro Broggio, Andrea Ferroglia, Ben D. Pecjak, Adrian Signer, Li Lin Yang
Publications and Research
We consider soft gluon emission corrections to the production of a top-antitop pair in association with a Higgs boson at hadron colliders. In particular, we present a softgluon resummation formula for this production process and gather all elements needed to evaluate it at next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic order. We employ these results to obtain approximate next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) formulas, and implement them in a bespoke parton-level Monte Carlo program which can be used to calculate the total cross section along with arbitrary differential distributions. We use this tool to study the phenomenological impact of the approximate NNLO corrections, finding that they increase …
Stable Topological Insulators Achieved Using High Energy Electron Beams, Lukas Zhao, Marcin Konczykowski, Haiming Deng, Inna Korzhovska, Milan Begliarbekov, Zhiyi Chen, Evangelos Papalazarou, Marino Marsi, Luca Perfetti, Andrzej Hruban, Agnieszka Wolos, Lia Krusin-Elbaum
Stable Topological Insulators Achieved Using High Energy Electron Beams, Lukas Zhao, Marcin Konczykowski, Haiming Deng, Inna Korzhovska, Milan Begliarbekov, Zhiyi Chen, Evangelos Papalazarou, Marino Marsi, Luca Perfetti, Andrzej Hruban, Agnieszka Wolos, Lia Krusin-Elbaum
Publications and Research
Topological insulators are potentially transformative quantum solids with metallic surface states which have Dirac band structure and are immune to disorder. Ubiquitous charged bulk defects, however, pull the Fermi energy into the bulk bands, denying access to surface charge transport. Here we demonstrate that irradiation with swift (B2.5MeV energy) electron beams allows to compensate these defects, bring the Fermi level back into the bulk gap and reach the charge neutrality point (CNP). Controlling the beam fluence, we tune bulk conductivity from p- (hole-like) to n-type (electron-like), crossing the Dirac point and back, while preserving the Dirac energy dispersion. The CNP …
Experimental Demonstration Of Topological Effects In Bianisotropic Metamaterials, Alexey P. Slobozhanyuk, Alexander B. Khanikaev, Dmitry S. Filonov, Daria A. Smirnova, Andrey E. Miroshnichenko, Yuri S. Kivshar
Experimental Demonstration Of Topological Effects In Bianisotropic Metamaterials, Alexey P. Slobozhanyuk, Alexander B. Khanikaev, Dmitry S. Filonov, Daria A. Smirnova, Andrey E. Miroshnichenko, Yuri S. Kivshar
Publications and Research
Existence of robust edge states at interfaces of topologically dissimilar systems is one of the most fascinating manifestations of a novel nontrivial state of matter, a topological insulator. Such nontrivial states were originally predicted and discovered in condensed matter physics, but they find their counterparts in other fields of physics, including the physics of classical waves and electromagnetism. Here, we present the first experimental realization of a topological insulator for electromagnetic waves based on engineered bianisotropic metamaterials. By employing the near-field scanning technique, we demonstrate experimentally the topologically robust propagation of electromagnetic waves around sharp corners without backscattering effects.
750 Gev Diphotons From Closed String States, Luis Anchordoqui, Ignatios Antoniadis, Haim Goldberg, Xing Huang, Dieter Lüst, Tomasz R. Taylor
750 Gev Diphotons From Closed String States, Luis Anchordoqui, Ignatios Antoniadis, Haim Goldberg, Xing Huang, Dieter Lüst, Tomasz R. Taylor
Publications and Research
We show that low-mass-scale string compactifications, with a generic D-brane configuration that realizes the standard model by open strings, can explain the relatively broad peak in the diphoton invariant mass spectrum at 750GeV recently reported by the ATLAS and CMS Collaborations. Under reasonable assumptions, we demonstrate that the excess could originate from a closed string (possibly axionic) excitation ϕthat has a coupling with gauge kinetic terms. We estimate the ϕ production rate from photon–photon fusion in elastic pp scattering, using the effective photon and narrow width approximations. For string scales above today’slower limit Ms≈7TeV, we can accommodate the diphoton rate …