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Full-Text Articles in Physics

Photolithographic Patterning Of Vacuum-Deposited Organic Light Emitting Devices, Peifang Tian, P. E. Burrows, S. E. Forrest Nov 1997

Photolithographic Patterning Of Vacuum-Deposited Organic Light Emitting Devices, Peifang Tian, P. E. Burrows, S. E. Forrest

Peifang Tian

We demonstrate a photolithographic technique to fabricate vacuum-deposited organic light emitting devices. Photoresist liftoff combined with vertical deposition of the emissive organic materials and the metal cathode, followed by oblique deposition of a metal cap, avoids the use of high processing temperatures and the exposure of the organic materials to chemical degradation. The unpackaged devices show no sign of deterioration in room ambient when compared with conventional devices fabricated using low-resolution, shadow mask patterning. Furthermore, the devices are resistant to rapid degradation when operated in air for extended periods. This work illustrates a potential foundation for the volume production of …


Features Of The Photon Statistics Of Two Coupled Electromagnetic Field Modes Under The Conditions Of Strong Mode Coupling, Mikhail E. Veisman, Serguei Y. Kalmykov Jun 1997

Features Of The Photon Statistics Of Two Coupled Electromagnetic Field Modes Under The Conditions Of Strong Mode Coupling, Mikhail E. Veisman, Serguei Y. Kalmykov

Serge Youri Kalmykov

The probabilities of transitions between the Fock states of two electromagnetic field modes under the influence of coupling between modes of finite duration are investigated. It is shown that the transition probability is a strongly oscillating function of the mode numbers of the photons. Under conditions in which the coupling frequency exceeds the geometric mean of the mode frequencies (strong coupling), large numbers of photons are excited in the mode with the lower frequency. The excitation of a two-dimensional radiation field oscillator and the ‘‘red’’ symmetry of the transition probabilities can be attributed to instability of the classical two-dimensional oscillator …


A Surface-Emitting Vacuum-Deposited Organic Light Emitting Device, V. Bulovic, Peifang Tian, P. E. Burrows, M. R. Gokhale, S. R. Forrest, M. E. Thompson Jun 1997

A Surface-Emitting Vacuum-Deposited Organic Light Emitting Device, V. Bulovic, Peifang Tian, P. E. Burrows, M. R. Gokhale, S. R. Forrest, M. E. Thompson

Peifang Tian

We demonstrate a vacuum-deposited organic light emitting device which emits from its top surface through a transparent indium-tin-oxide anode. This device employs a novel protective cap layer which prevents damage to the organic layers during sputter deposition of the anode, while also improving hole injection. Mechanisms of current transport and carrier injection from the contacts are investigated. This device configuration allows for integration of organic light emitting devices with n-channel field effect transistors used in display active matrix backplanes.


Correlated And Coherent States Of The Two-Dimensional Quantum Oscillator With A Nonstationary Mode Coupling, Mikhail E. Veisman, Serguei Y. Kalmykov Apr 1997

Correlated And Coherent States Of The Two-Dimensional Quantum Oscillator With A Nonstationary Mode Coupling, Mikhail E. Veisman, Serguei Y. Kalmykov

Serge Youri Kalmykov

We investigate the squeezing and correlation phenomena of quantum fluctuations in correlated coherent states of a system of two oscillatory modes with a parametric coupling of the coordinates. In the regime of strong coupling between the modes, we discover an excitation and a strong correlation of the quantum fluctuations. The matrix of dispersions and covariances of the coordinates and momenta is found explicitly with the help of the method of the linear quantum integrals of motion.


Effects Of Low Polymer Content In A Liquid-Crystal Microlens, Toshiaki Nose, Shin Masuda, Susumu Sato, Jianlin Li, Liang-Chy Chien, Philip Bos Mar 1997

Effects Of Low Polymer Content In A Liquid-Crystal Microlens, Toshiaki Nose, Shin Masuda, Susumu Sato, Jianlin Li, Liang-Chy Chien, Philip Bos

Liang-Chy Chien

A small number of bifunctional monomers are mixed with a nematic liquid crystal (LC) and cured with a distributed electric field, which is produced by a circular-hole-patterned electrode structure. A gradient type of lens, that is, a LC microlens, is investigated for various polymer concentrations. Addition of 3% polymer is enough to freeze the gradient-index properties of the structure in the form of a convex lens, and a polymer-stabilized LC microlens is demonstrated. Although a lower concentration of polymer cannot hold the distribution properties in a curing process, it can maintain the variable focus as a nematic material can. The …


Effects Of Low Polymer Content In A Liquid-Crystal Microlens, Toshiaki Nose, Shin Masuda, Susumu Sato, Jianlin Li, Liang-Chy Chien, Philip J. Bos Mar 1997

Effects Of Low Polymer Content In A Liquid-Crystal Microlens, Toshiaki Nose, Shin Masuda, Susumu Sato, Jianlin Li, Liang-Chy Chien, Philip J. Bos

Philip J. Bos

A small number of bifunctional monomers are mixed with a nematic liquid crystal (LC) and cured with a distributed electric field, which is produced by a circular-hole-patterned electrode structure. A gradient type of lens, that is, a LC microlens, is investigated for various polymer concentrations. Addition of 3% polymer is enough to freeze the gradient-index properties of the structure in the form of a convex lens, and a polymer-stabilized LC microlens is demonstrated. Although a lower concentration of polymer cannot hold the distribution properties in a curing process, it can maintain the variable focus as a nematic material can. The …


Backward Stimulated Raman Scattering Of A Modulated Laser Pulse In Plasmas, Nikolai E. Andreev, Serguei Y. Kalmykov Mar 1997

Backward Stimulated Raman Scattering Of A Modulated Laser Pulse In Plasmas, Nikolai E. Andreev, Serguei Y. Kalmykov

Serge Youri Kalmykov

The specific features of backward stimulated Raman scattering (BSRS) of a short modulated (multi-frequency) laser pulse in underdense plasmas are studied. The effect of resonant suppression of the BSRS of higher frequency pulse components is explored. For an arbitrary pair of pulse components, in the conditions of weak coupling, it is demonstrated that the backscattering of a higher frequency laser pulse component is a five-wave resonant process at a frequency difference between the components close to the double plasma frequency. In the conditions of strong coupling the backscattering of neither pulse component is suppressed and the spectrum of the instability …


Low Pressure Synthesis Of Bulk, Polycrystalline Gallium Nitride, Alberto Argoitia, Cliff C. Hayman, John C. Angus, Long Wang, Jeffrey S. Dyck, Kathleen Kash Jan 1997

Low Pressure Synthesis Of Bulk, Polycrystalline Gallium Nitride, Alberto Argoitia, Cliff C. Hayman, John C. Angus, Long Wang, Jeffrey S. Dyck, Kathleen Kash

Jeffrey Dyck

Thick films of polycrystalline GaN were grown at low pressures by direct reaction of atomic nitrogen with liquid Ga without the presence of a substrate. The crystals were confirmed to be wurtzitic GaN by x-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. Photoluminescence spectra showed near band edge peaks and broad yellow band emission at both 298 and 10 K. The results show that atomic nitrogen is an attractive alternative to high pressure N2 for the saturation of liquid gallium with nitrogen for the synthesis of bulk GaN.


Internal Forces In Nondegenerate 2d Electron Systems, Christopher Fang-Yen, M Dykman, M Lea Dec 1996

Internal Forces In Nondegenerate 2d Electron Systems, Christopher Fang-Yen, M Dykman, M Lea

Christopher Fang-Yen

No abstract provided.


A Nonlinear Deformed Su(2) Algebra With A Two-Color Quasitriangular Hopf Structure, Andrei Ludu Dec 1996

A Nonlinear Deformed Su(2) Algebra With A Two-Color Quasitriangular Hopf Structure, Andrei Ludu

Andrei Ludu

No abstract provided.


Nonlinear Liquid Drop Model. Cnoidal Waves, Andrei Ludu Dec 1996

Nonlinear Liquid Drop Model. Cnoidal Waves, Andrei Ludu

Andrei Ludu

No abstract provided.