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Articles 1 - 29 of 29
Full-Text Articles in Physics
Electric Dipole Moments And Polarizability In The Quark-Diquark Model Of The Neutron, Y. Srivastava, A. Widom, J. Swain, O. Panella
Electric Dipole Moments And Polarizability In The Quark-Diquark Model Of The Neutron, Y. Srivastava, A. Widom, J. Swain, O. Panella
Allan Widom
For a bound state internal wave function respecting parity symmetry, it can be rigorously argued that the mean electric dipole moment must be strictly zero. Thus, both the neutron, viewed as a bound state of three quarks, and the water molecule, viewed as a bound state of ten electrons two protons and an oxygen nucleus, both have zero mean electric dipole moments. Yet, the water molecule is said to have a nonzero dipole moment strength $d=e\Lambda $ with $\Lambda_{H_2O} \approx 0.385\ \dot{A}$. The neutron may also be said to have an electric dipole moment strength with $\Lambda_{neutron} \approx 0.612\ fm$. …
Static And Dynamic Casimir Effect Instabilities, Y. N. Srivastava, A. Widom, S. Sivasubramanian, M. Pradeep Ganesh
Static And Dynamic Casimir Effect Instabilities, Y. N. Srivastava, A. Widom, S. Sivasubramanian, M. Pradeep Ganesh
Allan Widom
The static Casimir effect concerns quantum electrodynamic induced Lamb shifts in the mode frequencies and thermal free energies of condensed matter systems. Sometimes, the condensed matter constitutes the boundaries of a vacuum region. The static frequency shift effects have been calculated in the one photon loop perturbation theory approximation. The dynamic Casimir effect concerns two photon radiation processes arising from time dependent frequency modulations again computed in the one photon loop approximation. Under certain conditions the one photon loop computation may become unstable and higher order terms must be invoked to achieve stable solutions. This stability calculation is discussed for …
Dynamic Time Scales In Colored Glass Nuclear Matter, V. Parihar, A. Widom, Y. Srivastava
Dynamic Time Scales In Colored Glass Nuclear Matter, V. Parihar, A. Widom, Y. Srivastava
Allan Widom
In Ultra high energy collisions, the concept of a glass law is invoked in the framework of 'low tension' QCD strings. It is shown that the excitation of QCD strings at low energy has a negative temperature and at high energy has a positive temperature always higher than the Hagedorn temperature, T_H. Very high energy strings T->T_H + 0+ move very slowly as a viscous melted glass with very high viscosity. However, in a very short collision time, it is difficult to transfer the initial collision kinetic energy into the internal energy of a few strings. The low energy …
Electronic Transport In Oxygen Deficient Ferromagnetic Semiconducting Tio$_{2-\Delta}$, Soack Dae Yoon, Vincent G. Harris, Carmine Vittoria, A. Widom
Electronic Transport In Oxygen Deficient Ferromagnetic Semiconducting Tio$_{2-\Delta}$, Soack Dae Yoon, Vincent G. Harris, Carmine Vittoria, A. Widom
Allan Widom
TiO$_{2-\delta}$ films were deposited on (100) Lanthanum aluminates LaAlO$_{3}$ substrates at a very low oxygen chamber pressure $P\approx 0.3$ mtorr employing a pulsed laser ablation deposition technique. In previous work, it was established that the oxygen deficiency in these films induced ferromagnetism. In this work it is demonstrated that this same oxygen deficiency also gives rise to semiconductor titanium ion impurity donor energy levels. Transport resistivity measurements in thin films of TiO$_{2-\delta}$ are presented as a function of temperature and magnetic field. Magneto- and Hall- resistivity is explained in terms of electronic excitations from the titanium ion donor levels into …
Electron Neutrino Sources From The Core Of The Earth, A. Widom, E. Sassaroli, Y. N. Srivastava
Electron Neutrino Sources From The Core Of The Earth, A. Widom, E. Sassaroli, Y. N. Srivastava
Allan Widom
The physical interpretation of extensive measurements of electron neutrinos (in laboratories located on or somewhat below the Earth's surface) often require geophysical notions concerning the possible neutrino sources. Here, we discuss the notion that the Earth's core is a substantial source of low energy electron neutrinos.
Energetic Electrons And Nuclear Transmutations In Exploding Wires, A. Widom, Y. Srivastava, L. Larsen
Energetic Electrons And Nuclear Transmutations In Exploding Wires, A. Widom, Y. Srivastava, L. Larsen
Allan Widom
Nuclear transmutations and fast neutrons have been observed to emerge from large electrical current pulses passing through wire filaments which are induced to explode. The nuclear reactions may be explained as inverse beta transitions of energetic electrons absorbed either directly by single protons in Hydrogen or by protons embedded in other more massive nuclei. The critical energy transformations to the electrons from the electromagnetic field and from the electrons to the nuclei are best understood in terms of coherent collective motions of the many flowing electrons within a wire filament. Energy transformation mechanisms have thus been found which settle a …
Electronic Enhancements In The Detection Of Gravitational Waves By Metallic Antennae, Y. N. Srivastava, A. Widom, G. Pizzella
Electronic Enhancements In The Detection Of Gravitational Waves By Metallic Antennae, Y. N. Srivastava, A. Widom, G. Pizzella
Allan Widom
For mechanical Weber gravitational wave antennae, it is thought that gravity waves are weakly converted into acoustic vibrations. Acoustic vibrations in metals (such as Aluminum) are experimentally known to be attenuated by the creation of electron-hole pairs described via the electronic viscosity. These final state electronic excitations give rise to gravitational wave absorption cross sections which are considerably larger (by four orders of magnitude) than those in previous theories which have not explicitly considered electronic excitations.
Electronic Detection Of Gravitational Disturbances And Collective Coulomb Interactions, A Widom, D. Drosdoff, S. Sivasubramanian, Y. Srivastava
Electronic Detection Of Gravitational Disturbances And Collective Coulomb Interactions, A Widom, D. Drosdoff, S. Sivasubramanian, Y. Srivastava
Allan Widom
The cross section for a gravitational wave antenna to absorb a graviton may be directly expressed in terms of the non-local viscous response function of the metallic crystal. Crystal viscosity is dominated by electronic processes which then also dominate the graviton absorption rate. To compute this rate from a microscopic Hamiltonian, one must include the full Coulomb interaction in the Maxwell electric field pressure and also allow for strongly non-adiabatic transitions in the electronic kinetic pressure. The view that the electrons and phonons constitute ideal gases with a weak electron phonon interaction is not sufficiently accurate for estimating the full …
Dispersive Techniques For $\Alpha_S$, $R_{Had}$ And Instability Of The Perturbative Vacuum, Y. Srivastava, S. Pacetti, G. Pancheri, A. Widom
Dispersive Techniques For $\Alpha_S$, $R_{Had}$ And Instability Of The Perturbative Vacuum, Y. Srivastava, S. Pacetti, G. Pancheri, A. Widom
Allan Widom
Recent dispersive techniques developed by us are applied to discuss three problems: 1. A long standing discrepan-cy between the measurements of $R(s)$ for $\sqrt{s} = (5\div 7.5)GeV$ by Crystal Ball and MARK I has been analyzed and its consequences analyzed for the number of contributing quarks. 2. Noting that the perturbative $\alpha_s$ has the wrong analyticity, analytic models consistent with asymptotic freedom (AF) and confinement have been constructed and applied to discuss $\tau$ decay. 3. It is shown that AF leads to a wrong sign for $\im\big(\alpha(s)\big)$ which signals an instability of the perturbative QCD vacuum.
Electric Field Effects And The Experimental Value Of The Muon G-2 Anomaly, A. Widom, Y. N. Srivastava
Electric Field Effects And The Experimental Value Of The Muon G-2 Anomaly, A. Widom, Y. N. Srivastava
Allan Widom
The electric field corrections to the recently measured muon magnetic moment g-2 anomaly are considered from both the classical (BMT) and the quantum mechanical (Dirac) viewpoints. In both views, we prove that the electric field inducing the horizontal betatron tune does not renormalize the anomaly frequency. With this result kept in mind, the experimental muon magnetic moment anomaly is in closer agreement with standard model predictions than has been previously reported.
Classical Hamiltonian Dynamics And Lie Group Algebras, B. Aycock, A. Roe, J. L. Silverberg, A. Widom
Classical Hamiltonian Dynamics And Lie Group Algebras, B. Aycock, A. Roe, J. L. Silverberg, A. Widom
Allan Widom
The classical Hamilton equations of motion yield a structure sufficiently general to handle an almost arbitrary set of ordinary differential equations. Employing elementary algebraic methods, it is possible within the Hamiltonian structure to describe many physical systems exhibiting Lie group symmetries. Elementary examples include magnetic moment precession and the mechanical orbits of color charged particles in classical non-abelian chromodynamics.
Classical Analytical Mechanics And Entropy Production, J. Silverberg, A. Widom
Classical Analytical Mechanics And Entropy Production, J. Silverberg, A. Widom
Allan Widom
The usual canonical Hamiltonian or Lagrangian formalism of classical mechanics applied to macroscopic systems describes energy conserving adiabatic motion. If irreversible diabatic processes are to be included, then the law of increasing entropy must also be considered. The notion of entropy then enters into the general classical mechanical formalism. The resulting general formulation and its physical consequences are explored.
Atomic Scale Fractal Dimensionality In Proteins, Duccio Medini, A. Widom
Atomic Scale Fractal Dimensionality In Proteins, Duccio Medini, A. Widom
Allan Widom
The soft condensed matter of biological organisms exhibits atomic motions whose properties depend strongly on temperature and hydration conditions. Due to the superposition of rapidly fluctuating alternative motions at both very low temperatures (quantum effects) and very high temperatures (classical Brownian motion regime), the dimension of an atomic "path" is in reality different from unity. In the intermediate temperature regime and under environmental conditions which sustain active biological functions, the fractal dimension of the sets upon which atoms reside is an open question. Measured values of the fractal dimension of the sets on which the Hydrogen atoms reside within the …
Correlated Hip Motions During Quiet Standing, R. K. Koleva, A. Widom, D. Garelick, Meredith Harris, Claire Gordy, Mia Jackson
Correlated Hip Motions During Quiet Standing, R. K. Koleva, A. Widom, D. Garelick, Meredith Harris, Claire Gordy, Mia Jackson
Allan Widom
Kinematic measurements of two simultaneous coordinates from postural sway during quiet standing were performed employing multiple ultrasonic transducers. The use of accurate acoustic devices was required for the detection of the small random noise displacements. The trajectory in the anteroposterior - mediolateral plane of human chest was measured and compared with the trajectory in anteroposterior direction from the upper and lower body. The latter was statistically analyzed and appeared to be strongly anti-correlated. The anticorrelations represent strong evidence for the dominance of hip strategy during an unperturbed one minute stance. That the hip strategy, normally observed for large amplitude motions, …
Acuasal Behavior In Quantum Electrodynamics, A. Widom, Y. N. Srivastava, E. Sassaroli
Acuasal Behavior In Quantum Electrodynamics, A. Widom, Y. N. Srivastava, E. Sassaroli
Allan Widom
Acausal features of quantum electrodynamic processes are discussed. While these processes are not present for the classical electrodynamic theory, in the quantum electrodynamic theory, acausal processes are well known to exist. For example, any Feynman diagram with a "loop" in space-time describes a "particle" which may move forward in time or backward in time or in space-like directions. The engineering problems involved in experimentally testing such causality violations on a macroscopic scale are explored.
Compact Lattice Qed And The Coulomb Potential, Y. N. Srivastava, A. Widom, M. H. Friedman, O. Panella
Compact Lattice Qed And The Coulomb Potential, Y. N. Srivastava, A. Widom, M. H. Friedman, O. Panella
Allan Widom
The potential energy of a static charge distribution on a lattice is rigorously computed in the standard compact quantum electrodynamic model. The method used follows closely that of Weyl for ordinary quantum electrodynamics in continuous space-time. The potential energy of the static charge distribution is independent of temperature and can be calculated from the lattice version of Poisson’s equation. It is the usual Coulomb potential.
Absorption Of Nuclear Gamma Radiation By Heavy Electrons On Metallic Hydride Surfaces, A. Widom, L. Larsen
Absorption Of Nuclear Gamma Radiation By Heavy Electrons On Metallic Hydride Surfaces, A. Widom, L. Larsen
Allan Widom
Low energy nuclear reactions in the neighborhood of metallic hydride surfaces may be induced by ultra-low momentum neutrons. Heavy electrons are absorbed by protons or deuterons producing ultra low momentum neutrons and neutrinos. The required electron mass renormalization is provided by the interaction between surface electron plasma oscillations and surface proton oscillations. The resulting neutron catalyzed low energy nuclear reactions emit copious prompt gamma radiation. The heavy electrons which induce the initially produced neutrons also strongly absorb the prompt nuclear gamma radiation, re-emitting soft photons. Nuclear hard photon radiation away from the metallic hydride surfaces is thereby strongly suppressed.
Breakdown Of The Kln Theorem For Charged Particles In Condensed Matter, Y. N. Srivastava, A. Widom
Breakdown Of The Kln Theorem For Charged Particles In Condensed Matter, Y. N. Srivastava, A. Widom
Allan Widom
The Kinoshita-Lee-Nauenberg (KLN) theorem describes the fact that inclusive electromagnetic and weak production processes in the vacuum do not contain singularities in the ultra-relativistic limit of zero mass. When these production processes occur in condensed matter, the KLN theorem fails. One consequence of this failure is that precision lifetime determinations of stopped muons will depend on the nature of the surrounding material.
Coherent Betatron Oscillation And Induced Errors In The Experimental Determination Of The Muon G-2 Factor, Y. N. Srivastava, A. Widom
Coherent Betatron Oscillation And Induced Errors In The Experimental Determination Of The Muon G-2 Factor, Y. N. Srivastava, A. Widom
Allan Widom
Precision measurements of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon depend on the correct collective mode assignment of the coherent betatron oscillations in the beam. Presently, there is a disagreement between experiment and theory for the horizontal betatron frequency. The discrepancy is here resolved by our computations of electrostatic beam focusing. The correct treatment of the betatron effects renders less likely the need for non-standard model corrections to the muon g-2.
Causality And Electromagnetic Transmissions Through Materials, V. Kidambi, A. Widom
Causality And Electromagnetic Transmissions Through Materials, V. Kidambi, A. Widom
Allan Widom
There have been several experiments which hint at evidence for superluminal transport of electromagnetic energy through a material slab. On the theoretical side, it has appeared evident that acausal signals are indeed possible in quantum electrodynamics. However, it is unlikely that superluminal signals can be understood on the basis of a purely classical electrodynamic signals passing through a material. The classical and quantum theories represent quite different views, and it is the quantum view which may lead to violations of Einstein causality.
Concerning The Differences Between Zero Mass Dirac And Zero Mass Majorana Neutrinos, Y. Srivastava, A. Widom
Concerning The Differences Between Zero Mass Dirac And Zero Mass Majorana Neutrinos, Y. Srivastava, A. Widom
Allan Widom
That a Majorana neutrino theory is different from a Dirac neutrino theory (even in the zero mass limit) is proved in two sentences.
A Primer For Electro-Weak Induced Low Energy Nuclear Reactions, Y. Srivastava, A. Widom, L. Larsen
A Primer For Electro-Weak Induced Low Energy Nuclear Reactions, Y. Srivastava, A. Widom, L. Larsen
Allan Widom
In a series of papers, cited in the main body of the paper below, detailed calculations have been presented which show that electromagnetic and weak interactions can induce low energy nuclear reactions to occur with observable rates for a variety of processes. A common element in all these applications is that the electromagnetic energy stored in many relatively slow moving electrons can--under appropriate circumstances--be collectively transferred into fewer, much faster electrons with energies sufficient for the latter to combine with protons (or deuterons, if present) to produce neutrons via weak interactions. The produced neutrons can then initiate low energy nuclear …
Bose Condensates In Top Traps Exhibit Circulating Superfluid Flows, Juhao Wu, A. Widom
Bose Condensates In Top Traps Exhibit Circulating Superfluid Flows, Juhao Wu, A. Widom
Allan Widom
For spin one atoms localized in a quadrapole magnetic field gradient, the atoms may be impeded from spin flipping their way out from the center of the trap by the application of a rotating uniform magnetic field. From a quantum mechanical viewpoint, such a trap for a Bose condensate is equivalent to having a superfluid in a rotating bucket. Vorticity is then expected to be induced in the condensate fluid flow without the application of any further external perturbations.
Comment On "Epr Without 'Collapse Of The Wave Functions'", Y. N. Srivastava, A. Widom, E. Sassaroli
Comment On "Epr Without 'Collapse Of The Wave Functions'", Y. N. Srivastava, A. Widom, E. Sassaroli
Allan Widom
The implications of the many proper time amplitudes for the process Φ → Ko + K¯o was discussed in a recent letter of B. Kayser and L. Stodolsky who predicted a small correction (∼ 5%) to the usually predicted phase oscillation frequency for forthcoming factory experiments. Based on previous work (also using the many proper times formalism), we predicted a much larger correction factor ≈ 2. This correction factor is important in that it allows for a crucial future DAΦNE experimental test of the many proper times amplitude formalism.
Concepts Of Intertial And Gravitational Mass, A. Widom
Concepts Of Intertial And Gravitational Mass, A. Widom
Allan Widom
The general relativistic notion of gravitational and inertial mass is discussed from the general viewpoint of the tidal forces implicit in the curvature and the Einstein field equations within ponderable matter. A simple yet rigorously general derivation is given for the Tolman gravitational mass viewpoint wherein the computation of gravitational mass requires both a rest energy contribution (the inertial mass) and a pressure contribution. The pressure contribution is extremely small under normal conditions which implies the equality of gravitational and inertial mass to a high degree of accuracy. However, the pressure contribution is substantial for conformal symmetric systems such as …
Asymptotic Infrared Fractal Structure Of The Propagator For A Charged Fermion, S. Gulzari, J. Swain, A. Widom
Asymptotic Infrared Fractal Structure Of The Propagator For A Charged Fermion, S. Gulzari, J. Swain, A. Widom
Allan Widom
It is well known that the long-range nature of the Coulomb interaction makes the definition of asymptotic "in" and "out" states of charged particles problematic in quantum field theory. In particular, the notion of a simple particle pole in the vacuum charged particle propagator is untenable and should be replaced by a more complicated branch cut structure describing an electron interacting with a possibly infinite number of soft photons. Previous work suggests a Dirac propagator raised to a fractional power dependent upon the fine structure constant, however the exponent has not been calculated in a unique gauge invariant manner. It …
Charged Lepton Oscillations And (G-2) Measurements, A. Widom, Y. N. Srivastava
Charged Lepton Oscillations And (G-2) Measurements, A. Widom, Y. N. Srivastava
Allan Widom
Traditional analysis of g = 2(1+κ) experiments for charged leptons use a classical spin vector picture. For muons, we here employ a more exact Dirac quantum four component spinor theory. Survival probabilities (including wave packet effects) are computed. These oscillate with the frequency Ω = (κeB/Mc) as has been assumed in previous muon (g −2) experimental analyses; i.e. muon survival probability oscillations are already at the root of previous succesful (g − 2) measurements. Further oscillations should also be observed if mixed neutrino mass matrices were to enter into the reactions (e.g. π+ → μ+ + νμ) producing muons.
A New Way To Detect The Higgs, S. Reucroft, Y. Srivastava, J. Swain, A. Widom
A New Way To Detect The Higgs, S. Reucroft, Y. Srivastava, J. Swain, A. Widom
Allan Widom
We describe a new technique to look for evidence of the Higgs mechanism. The usual method involves seeking evidence for the Higgs boson either directly or via the indirect effect that a virtual Higgs boson would have on a variety of Standard Model parameters. The new technique looks for Higgs field effects that are predicted to reduce the masses of heavy particles when they are in the presence of other heavy particles.
Bose Condensation And Superfluidity In Finite Rotating Bose Systems, Juhao Wu, A. Widom
Bose Condensation And Superfluidity In Finite Rotating Bose Systems, Juhao Wu, A. Widom
Allan Widom
There is a long standing problem about how close a connection exists between superfluidity and Bose condensation. Employing recent technology, for the case of confined finite Bose condensed systems in TOP traps, these questions concerning superfluidity and Bose condensation can be partially resolved if the velocity profile of the trapped atoms can be directly measured.