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Perspectives On The Distributions Of Esd Breakdowns For Spacecraft Charging Applications, Allen Andersen, Krysta Moser, Jr Dennison
Perspectives On The Distributions Of Esd Breakdowns For Spacecraft Charging Applications, Allen Andersen, Krysta Moser, Jr Dennison
Allen Andersen
Electrostatic discharge (ESD) continues to pose significant risks to space missions despite decades of intense study. We emphasize here the advantages to spacecraft designers and modelers from considering the stochastic distributions of breakdown and how it can be affected by factors including spacecraft environment conditions, design geometries, material temperature, material purity, charging history, and appropriate timescales. Spacecraft charging models and spacecraft designs typically rely on tabulated values or ranges of breakdown strength, often based on cursory measurements with little or no experimental detail. Depending on the timescales and history of environmental and orbital changes or durations of specific missions, it …
Dependence Of Electrostatic Field Strength On Voltage Ramp Rate For Spacecraft Materials, Krysta Moser, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Dependence Of Electrostatic Field Strength On Voltage Ramp Rate For Spacecraft Materials, Krysta Moser, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Allen Andersen
This work investigated the dependence of electrostatic field strength for spacecraft materials on voltage ramp rate, by applying an increasing electrostatic field until electrostatic breakdown (a permanent, catastrophic failure of a dielectric material) occurs. Enhanced understanding of prolonged exposure to high static electric fields (DC aging) of insulating materials based on expanded experimental studies is of critical to understand the physics of highly disordered insulating materials, as well as for applications in spacecraft charging, high voltage DC power transmission cables and switching, thin film dielectrics, and semiconductor devices and sensors. Electrostatic discharge (ESD) and the associated material breakdown at the …
Dependence Of Electrostatic Field Strength On Voltage Ramp Rates For Spacecraft Materials, Krysta Moser, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Dependence Of Electrostatic Field Strength On Voltage Ramp Rates For Spacecraft Materials, Krysta Moser, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Allen Andersen
Previous tests done by the USU Materials Physics Group (MPG) using our electrostatic discharge (ESD) custom vacuum chamber have found that, for the polymeric materials polyimide and low density polyethylene (LDPE), the electrostatic field strength at breakdown depends on the voltage ramp rate applied across the materials. At ramp rates an order of magnitude lower than the maximum recommended rate of 500 V/s, the breakdown electrostatic field strength was also found to be significantly lower. The data from these tests were compared to a microscopic mean field theory for dielectric breakdown in highly disordered insulating materials. We present new ramp …
Dependence Of Electrostatic Field Strength On Voltage Ramp Rate For Spacecraft Materials, Krysta Moser, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Dependence Of Electrostatic Field Strength On Voltage Ramp Rate For Spacecraft Materials, Krysta Moser, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Allen Andersen
This work investigated the dependence of electrostatic field strength for spacecraft materials on voltage ramp rate, by applying an increasing electrostatic field until electrostatic breakdown (a permanent, catastrophic failure of a dielectric material) occurs. Enhanced understanding of prolonged exposure to high static electric fields (DC aging) of insulating materials based on expanded experimental studies is of critical to understand the physics of highly disordered insulating materials, as well as for applications in spacecraft charging, high voltage DC power transmission cables and switching, thin film dielectrics, and semiconductor devices and sensors. Electrostatic discharge (ESD) and the associated material breakdown at the …
Perspectives On The Distributions Of Esd Breakdowns For Spacecraft Charging Applications, Allen Andersen, Krysta Moser, Jr Dennison
Perspectives On The Distributions Of Esd Breakdowns For Spacecraft Charging Applications, Allen Andersen, Krysta Moser, Jr Dennison
Allen Andersen
Electrostatic discharge (ESD) continues to pose significant risks to space missions despite decades of intense study. We emphasize here the advantages to spacecraft designers and modelers from considering the stochastic distributions of breakdown and how it can be affected by factors including spacecraft environment conditions, design geometries, material temperature, material purity, charging history, and appropriate timescales. Spacecraft charging models and spacecraft designs typically rely on tabulated values or ranges of breakdown strength, often based on cursory measurements with little or no experimental detail. Depending on the timescales and history of environmental and orbital changes or durations of specific missions, it …
Dependence Of Electrostatic Field Strength On Voltage Ramp Rates For Spacecraft Material, Krysta Moser, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Dependence Of Electrostatic Field Strength On Voltage Ramp Rates For Spacecraft Material, Krysta Moser, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Allen Andersen
Previous tests done by the USU Materials Physics Group (MPG) using our electrostatic discharge (ESD) custom vacuum chamber have found that, for the polymeric materials polyimide and low density polyethylene (LDPE), the electrostatic field strength at breakdown depends on the voltage ramp rate applied across the materials. At ramp rates an order of magnitude lower than the maximum recommended rate of 500 V/s, the breakdown electrostatic field strength was also found to be significantly lower. The data from these tests were compared to a microscopic mean field theory for dielectric breakdown in highly disordered insulating materials. We present new ramp …
Perspectives On The Distributions Of Esd Breakdowns For Spacecraft Charging Applications, Allen Andersen, Krysta Moser, Jr Dennison
Perspectives On The Distributions Of Esd Breakdowns For Spacecraft Charging Applications, Allen Andersen, Krysta Moser, Jr Dennison
Allen Andersen
Electrostatic discharge (ESD) continues to pose significant risks to space missions despite decades of intense study. We emphasize here the advantages to spacecraft designers and modelers from considering the stochastic distributions of breakdown and how it can be affected by factors including spacecraft environment conditions, design geometries, material temperature, material purity, charging history, and appropriate timescales. Spacecraft charging models and spacecraft designs typically rely on tabulated values or ranges of breakdown strength, often based on cursory measurements with little or no experimental detail. Depending on the timescales and history of environmental and orbital changes or durations of specific missions, it …
Dependence Of Electrostatic Field Strength On Voltage Ramp Rate For Spacecraft Materials, Krysta Moser, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Dependence Of Electrostatic Field Strength On Voltage Ramp Rate For Spacecraft Materials, Krysta Moser, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Allen Andersen
This work investigated the dependence of electrostatic field strength for spacecraft materials on voltage ramp rate, by applying an increasing electrostatic field until electrostatic breakdown (a permanent, catastrophic failure of a dielectric material) occurs. Enhanced understanding of prolonged exposure to high static electric fields (DC aging) of insulating materials based on expanded experimental studies is of critical to understand the physics of highly disordered insulating materials, as well as for applications in spacecraft charging, high voltage DC power transmission cables and switching, thin film dielectrics, and semiconductor devices and sensors. Electrostatic discharge (ESD) and the associated material breakdown at the …
Comparing Experimental Apples And Oranges With Quantile-Quantile Plots, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Comparing Experimental Apples And Oranges With Quantile-Quantile Plots, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Allen Andersen
An important question often encountered in experimental physics is, are two observables related or not? Quantile-quantile (q-q) analysis compares the cumulative distributions of two observations (or one set of observations and a theoretical curve) in a way that is both visually apparent and statistically quantifiable. If the two observables follow the same distribution, the q-q plot will be linear; if they are identical the plot will have unity slope. Deviations from a linear q-q plot indicate that the two observables do not follow the same distribution. We show that the q-q analysis method is applicable to a wide range of …
Dependence Of Electrostatic Field Strength On Voltage Ramp Rate For Spacecraft Materials, Krysta Moser, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Dependence Of Electrostatic Field Strength On Voltage Ramp Rate For Spacecraft Materials, Krysta Moser, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Allen Andersen
This work investigated the dependence of electrostatic field strength for spacecraft materials on voltage ramp rate, by applying an increasing electrostatic field until electrostatic breakdown (a permanent, catastrophic failure of a dielectric material) occurs. Enhanced understanding of prolonged exposure to high static electric fields (DC aging) of insulating materials based on expanded experimental studies is of critical to understand the physics of highly disordered insulating materials, as well as for applications in spacecraft charging, high voltage DC power transmission cables and switching, thin film dielectrics, and semiconductor devices and sensors. Electrostatic discharge (ESD) and the associated material breakdown at the …
Comparing Experimental Apples And Oranges With Quantile-Quantile Plots, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Comparing Experimental Apples And Oranges With Quantile-Quantile Plots, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Allen Andersen
An important question often encountered in experimental physics is, are two observables related or not? Quantile-quantile (q-q) analysis compares the cumulative distributions of two observations (or one set of observations and a theoretical curve) in a way that is both visually apparent and statistically quantifiable. If the two observables follow the same distribution, the q-q plot will be linear; if they are identical the plot will have unity slope. Deviations from a linear q-q plot indicate that the two observables do not follow the same distribution. We show that the q-q analysis method is applicable to a wide range of …
Dependence Of Electrostatic Field Strength On Voltage Ramp Rate For Spacecraft Materials, Krysta Moser, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Dependence Of Electrostatic Field Strength On Voltage Ramp Rate For Spacecraft Materials, Krysta Moser, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Allen Andersen
This work investigated the dependence of electrostatic field strength for spacecraft materials on voltage ramp rate, by applying an increasing electrostatic field until electrostatic breakdown (a permanent, catastrophic failure of a dielectric material) occurs. Enhanced understanding of prolonged exposure to high static electric fields (DC aging) of insulating materials based on expanded experimental studies is of critical to understand the physics of highly disordered insulating materials, as well as for applications in spacecraft charging, high voltage DC power transmission cables and switching, thin film dielectrics, and semiconductor devices and sensors. Electrostatic discharge (ESD) and the associated material breakdown at the …
Dependence Of Electrostatic Field Strength On Voltage Ramp Rate For Spacecraft Materials, Krysta Moser, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Dependence Of Electrostatic Field Strength On Voltage Ramp Rate For Spacecraft Materials, Krysta Moser, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Allen Andersen
This work investigated the dependence of electrostatic field strength for spacecraft materials on voltage ramp rate, by applying an increasing electrostatic field until electrostatic breakdown (a permanent, catastrophic failure of a dielectric material) occurs. Enhanced understanding of prolonged exposure to high static electric fields (DC aging) of insulating materials based on expanded experimental studies is of critical to understand the physics of highly disordered insulating materials, as well as for applications in spacecraft charging, high voltage DC power transmission cables and switching, thin film dielectrics, and semiconductor devices and sensors. Electrostatic discharge (ESD) and the associated material breakdown at the …
Dependence Of Electrostatic Field Strength On Voltage Ramp Rates For Spacecraft Materials, Krysta Moser, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Dependence Of Electrostatic Field Strength On Voltage Ramp Rates For Spacecraft Materials, Krysta Moser, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Allen Andersen
Previous tests done by the USU Materials Physics Group (MPG) using our electrostatic discharge (ESD) custom vacuum chamber have found that, for the polymeric materials polyimide and low density polyethylene (LDPE), the electrostatic field strength at breakdown depends on the voltage ramp rate applied across the materials. At ramp rates an order of magnitude lower than the maximum recommended rate of 500 V/s, the breakdown electrostatic field strength was also found to be significantly lower. The data from these tests were compared to a microscopic mean field theory for dielectric breakdown in highly disordered insulating materials. We present new ramp …
Perspectives On The Distributions Of Esd Breakdowns For Spacecraft Charging Applications, Allen Andersen, Krysta Moser, Jr Dennison
Perspectives On The Distributions Of Esd Breakdowns For Spacecraft Charging Applications, Allen Andersen, Krysta Moser, Jr Dennison
Allen Andersen
Electrostatic discharge (ESD) continues to pose significant risks to space missions despite decades of intense study. We emphasize here the advantages to spacecraft designers and modelers from considering the stochastic distributions of breakdown and how it can be affected by factors including spacecraft environment conditions, design geometries, material temperature, material purity, charging history, and appropriate timescales. Spacecraft charging models and spacecraft designs typically rely on tabulated values or ranges of breakdown strength, often based on cursory measurements with little or no experimental detail. Depending on the timescales and history of environmental and orbital changes or durations of specific missions, it …
Perspectives On The Distributions Of Esd Breakdowns For Spacecraft Charging Applications, Allen Andersen, Krysta Moser, Jr Dennison
Perspectives On The Distributions Of Esd Breakdowns For Spacecraft Charging Applications, Allen Andersen, Krysta Moser, Jr Dennison
Allen Andersen
Electrostatic discharge (ESD) continues to pose significant risks to space missions despite decades of intense study. We emphasize here the advantages to spacecraft designers and modelers from considering the stochastic distributions of breakdown and how it can be affected by factors including spacecraft environment conditions, design geometries, material temperature, material purity, charging history, and appropriate timescales. Spacecraft charging models and spacecraft designs typically rely on tabulated values or ranges of breakdown strength, often based on cursory measurements with little or no experimental detail. Depending on the timescales and history of environmental and orbital changes or durations of specific missions, it …
Comparing Experimental Apples And Oranges With Quantile-Quantile Plots, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Comparing Experimental Apples And Oranges With Quantile-Quantile Plots, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Allen Andersen
An important question often encountered in experimental physics is, are two observables related or not? Quantile-quantile (q-q) analysis compares the cumulative distributions of two observations (or one set of observations and a theoretical curve) in a way that is both visually apparent and statistically quantifiable. If the two observables follow the same distribution, the q-q plot will be linear; if they are identical the plot will have unity slope. Deviations from a linear q-q plot indicate that the two observables do not follow the same distribution. We show that the q-q analysis method is applicable to a wide range of …
Dependence Of Electrostatic Field Strength On Voltage Ramp Rate For Spacecraft Materials, Krysta Moser, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Dependence Of Electrostatic Field Strength On Voltage Ramp Rate For Spacecraft Materials, Krysta Moser, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Allen Andersen
This work investigated the dependence of electrostatic field strength for spacecraft materials on voltage ramp rate, by applying an increasing electrostatic field until electrostatic breakdown (a permanent, catastrophic failure of a dielectric material) occurs. Enhanced understanding of prolonged exposure to high static electric fields (DC aging) of insulating materials based on expanded experimental studies is of critical to understand the physics of highly disordered insulating materials, as well as for applications in spacecraft charging, high voltage DC power transmission cables and switching, thin film dielectrics, and semiconductor devices and sensors. Electrostatic discharge (ESD) and the associated material breakdown at the …
Dependence Of Electrostatic Field Strength On Voltage Ramp Rates For Spacecraft Materials, Krysta Moser, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Dependence Of Electrostatic Field Strength On Voltage Ramp Rates For Spacecraft Materials, Krysta Moser, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Allen Andersen
Previous tests done by the USU Materials Physics Group (MPG) using our electrostatic discharge (ESD) custom vacuum chamber have found that, for the polymeric materials polyimide and low density polyethylene (LDPE), the electrostatic field strength at breakdown depends on the voltage ramp rate applied across the materials. At ramp rates an order of magnitude lower than the maximum recommended rate of 500 V/s, the breakdown electrostatic field strength was also found to be significantly lower. The data from these tests were compared to a microscopic mean field theory for dielectric breakdown in highly disordered insulating materials. We present new ramp …
Dependence Of Electrostatic Field Strength On Voltage Ramp Rate For Spacecraft Materials, Krysta Moser, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Dependence Of Electrostatic Field Strength On Voltage Ramp Rate For Spacecraft Materials, Krysta Moser, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Allen Andersen
This work investigated the dependence of electrostatic field strength for spacecraft materials on voltage ramp rate, by applying an increasing electrostatic field until electrostatic breakdown (a permanent, catastrophic failure of a dielectric material) occurs. Enhanced understanding of prolonged exposure to high static electric fields (DC aging) of insulating materials based on expanded experimental studies is of critical to understand the physics of highly disordered insulating materials, as well as for applications in spacecraft charging, high voltage DC power transmission cables and switching, thin film dielectrics, and semiconductor devices and sensors. Electrostatic discharge (ESD) and the associated material breakdown at the …
Dependence Of Electrostatic Field Strength On Voltage Ramp Rates For Spacecraft Materials, Krysta Moser, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Dependence Of Electrostatic Field Strength On Voltage Ramp Rates For Spacecraft Materials, Krysta Moser, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Allen Andersen
Previous tests done by the USU Materials Physics Group (MPG) using our electrostatic discharge (ESD) custom vacuum chamber have found that, for the polymeric materials polyimide and low density polyethylene (LDPE), the electrostatic field strength at breakdown depends on the voltage ramp rate applied across the materials. At ramp rates an order of magnitude lower than the maximum recommended rate of 500 V/s, the breakdown electrostatic field strength was also found to be significantly lower. The data from these tests were compared to a microscopic mean field theory for dielectric breakdown in highly disordered insulating materials. We present new ramp …
Dependence Of Electrostatic Field Strength On Voltage Ramp Rate For Spacecraft Materials, Krysta Moser, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Dependence Of Electrostatic Field Strength On Voltage Ramp Rate For Spacecraft Materials, Krysta Moser, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Allen Andersen
This work investigated the dependence of electrostatic field strength for spacecraft materials on voltage ramp rate, by applying an increasing electrostatic field until electrostatic breakdown (a permanent, catastrophic failure of a dielectric material) occurs. Enhanced understanding of prolonged exposure to high static electric fields (DC aging) of insulating materials based on expanded experimental studies is of critical to understand the physics of highly disordered insulating materials, as well as for applications in spacecraft charging, high voltage DC power transmission cables and switching, thin film dielectrics, and semiconductor devices and sensors. Electrostatic discharge (ESD) and the associated material breakdown at the …
Dependence Of Electrostatic Field Strength On Voltage Ramp Rates For Spacecraft Materials, Krysta Moser, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Dependence Of Electrostatic Field Strength On Voltage Ramp Rates For Spacecraft Materials, Krysta Moser, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Allen Andersen
Previous tests done by the USU Materials Physics Group (MPG) using our electrostatic discharge (ESD) custom vacuum chamber have found that, for the polymeric materials polyimide and low density polyethylene (LDPE), the electrostatic field strength at breakdown depends on the voltage ramp rate applied across the materials. At ramp rates an order of magnitude lower than the maximum recommended rate of 500 V/s, the breakdown electrostatic field strength was also found to be significantly lower. The data from these tests were compared to a microscopic mean field theory for dielectric breakdown in highly disordered insulating materials. We present new ramp …
Dependence Of Electrostatic Field Strength On Voltage Ramp Rate For Spacecraft Materials, Krysta Moser, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Dependence Of Electrostatic Field Strength On Voltage Ramp Rate For Spacecraft Materials, Krysta Moser, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Allen Andersen
This work investigated the dependence of electrostatic field strength for spacecraft materials on voltage ramp rate, by applying an increasing electrostatic field until electrostatic breakdown (a permanent, catastrophic failure of a dielectric material) occurs. Enhanced understanding of prolonged exposure to high static electric fields (DC aging) of insulating materials based on expanded experimental studies is of critical to understand the physics of highly disordered insulating materials, as well as for applications in spacecraft charging, high voltage DC power transmission cables and switching, thin film dielectrics, and semiconductor devices and sensors. Electrostatic discharge (ESD) and the associated material breakdown at the …
Perspectives On The Distributions Of Esd Breakdowns For Spacecraft Charging Applications, Allen Andersen, Krysta Moser, Jr Dennison
Perspectives On The Distributions Of Esd Breakdowns For Spacecraft Charging Applications, Allen Andersen, Krysta Moser, Jr Dennison
Allen Andersen
Electrostatic discharge (ESD) continues to pose significant risks to space missions despite decades of intense study. We emphasize here the advantages to spacecraft designers and modelers from considering the stochastic distributions of breakdown and how it can be affected by factors including spacecraft environment conditions, design geometries, material temperature, material purity, charging history, and appropriate timescales. Spacecraft charging models and spacecraft designs typically rely on tabulated values or ranges of breakdown strength, often based on cursory measurements with little or no experimental detail. Depending on the timescales and history of environmental and orbital changes or durations of specific missions, it …
Comparing Experimental Apples And Oranges With Quantile-Quantile Plots, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Comparing Experimental Apples And Oranges With Quantile-Quantile Plots, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Allen Andersen
An important question often encountered in experimental physics is, are two observables related or not? Quantile-quantile (q-q) analysis compares the cumulative distributions of two observations (or one set of observations and a theoretical curve) in a way that is both visually apparent and statistically quantifiable. If the two observables follow the same distribution, the q-q plot will be linear; if they are identical the plot will have unity slope. Deviations from a linear q-q plot indicate that the two observables do not follow the same distribution. We show that the q-q analysis method is applicable to a wide range of …
Dependence Of Electrostatic Field Strength On Voltage Ramp Rate For Spacecraft Materials, Krysta Moser, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Dependence Of Electrostatic Field Strength On Voltage Ramp Rate For Spacecraft Materials, Krysta Moser, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Allen Andersen
This work investigated the dependence of electrostatic field strength for spacecraft materials on voltage ramp rate, by applying an increasing electrostatic field until electrostatic breakdown (a permanent, catastrophic failure of a dielectric material) occurs. Enhanced understanding of prolonged exposure to high static electric fields (DC aging) of insulating materials based on expanded experimental studies is of critical to understand the physics of highly disordered insulating materials, as well as for applications in spacecraft charging, high voltage DC power transmission cables and switching, thin film dielectrics, and semiconductor devices and sensors. Electrostatic discharge (ESD) and the associated material breakdown at the …
Dependence Of Electrostatic Field Strength On Voltage Ramp Rates For Spacecraft Materials, Krysta Moser, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Dependence Of Electrostatic Field Strength On Voltage Ramp Rates For Spacecraft Materials, Krysta Moser, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Allen Andersen
Previous tests done by the USU Materials Physics Group (MPG) using our electrostatic discharge (ESD) custom vacuum chamber have found that, for the polymeric materials polyimide and low density polyethylene (LDPE), the electrostatic field strength at breakdown depends on the voltage ramp rate applied across the materials. At ramp rates an order of magnitude lower than the maximum recommended rate of 500 V/s, the breakdown electrostatic field strength was also found to be significantly lower. The data from these tests were compared to a microscopic mean field theory for dielectric breakdown in highly disordered insulating materials. We present new ramp …
Perspectives On The Distributions Of Esd Breakdowns For Spacecraft Charging Applications, Allen Andersen, Krysta Moser, Jr Dennison
Perspectives On The Distributions Of Esd Breakdowns For Spacecraft Charging Applications, Allen Andersen, Krysta Moser, Jr Dennison
Allen Andersen
Electrostatic discharge (ESD) continues to pose significant risks to space missions despite decades of intense study. We emphasize here the advantages to spacecraft designers and modelers from considering the stochastic distributions of breakdown and how it can be affected by factors including spacecraft environment conditions, design geometries, material temperature, material purity, charging history, and appropriate timescales. Spacecraft charging models and spacecraft designs typically rely on tabulated values or ranges of breakdown strength, often based on cursory measurements with little or no experimental detail. Depending on the timescales and history of environmental and orbital changes or durations of specific missions, it …
Dependence Of Electrostatic Field Strength On Voltage Ramp Rate For Spacecraft Materials, Krysta Moser, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Dependence Of Electrostatic Field Strength On Voltage Ramp Rate For Spacecraft Materials, Krysta Moser, Allen Andersen, Jr Dennison
Allen Andersen
This work investigated the dependence of electrostatic field strength for spacecraft materials on voltage ramp rate, by applying an increasing electrostatic field until electrostatic breakdown (a permanent, catastrophic failure of a dielectric material) occurs. Enhanced understanding of prolonged exposure to high static electric fields (DC aging) of insulating materials based on expanded experimental studies is of critical to understand the physics of highly disordered insulating materials, as well as for applications in spacecraft charging, high voltage DC power transmission cables and switching, thin film dielectrics, and semiconductor devices and sensors. Electrostatic discharge (ESD) and the associated material breakdown at the …