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Mechanism Of Structural Transformation In Bismuth Titanate, Sudhanshu Mallick, Keith J. Bowman, Alexander H. King
Mechanism Of Structural Transformation In Bismuth Titanate, Sudhanshu Mallick, Keith J. Bowman, Alexander H. King
Alexander H. King
Sodium-doped bismuth titanate undergoes a transformation from Bi4Ti3O12 to Na0.5Bi4.5Ti4O15 on heating in air at temperatures exceeding 800 °C. This transformation proceeds through the intermediate Na0.5Bi8.5Ti7O27 structure which is an intergrowth phase of the two. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy was used to study this transformation. From the Moiré pattern that was obtained, the crystallographic orientation of the transformation front has been determined and a mechanism is proposed for this structural transformation.
Infrared Optical Properties Of Mn1.56co0.96ni0.48o4 Spinel Films Sputter Deposited In An Oxygen Partial Pressure Series, Rand Dannenberg, S. Baliga, R. J. Gambino, Alexander H. King, A. P. Doctor
Infrared Optical Properties Of Mn1.56co0.96ni0.48o4 Spinel Films Sputter Deposited In An Oxygen Partial Pressure Series, Rand Dannenberg, S. Baliga, R. J. Gambino, Alexander H. King, A. P. Doctor
Alexander H. King
Mn1.56Co0.96Ni0.48O4 spinel films were sputter deposited onto silicon substrates using a series of oxygen partial pressures. Fourier transform infrared transmission and reflectance, and Raman scattering measurements were made. The 1–25 μm wavelength range was examined using these optical techniques. The complex index of refraction was calculated for this entire wavelength range. Infrared active vibrations were analyzed using multiple oscillator analysis, Kramers–Kronig analysis, and derivative reflectance spectroscopy. The Raman and infrared active lattice vibrations were observed to shift with increasing oxygen partial pressure during film deposition, and were consistent with the earlier published shift in Debye frequency calculated from resistivity data. …