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Articles 1 - 10 of 10
Full-Text Articles in Physics
Photopolymer Material Durability And Safety In Holographic Diffusers For Visual Applications, Matthew Hellis, Alan Casey, Edoardo Splendi, Suzanne Martin, Matthew Sheehan, Kevin Murphy
Photopolymer Material Durability And Safety In Holographic Diffusers For Visual Applications, Matthew Hellis, Alan Casey, Edoardo Splendi, Suzanne Martin, Matthew Sheehan, Kevin Murphy
Articles
This study introduces novel holographic diffuser applications employing acrylamide- or diacetone acrylamide-based photopolymers, patterned within the volume on a micron scale by a single-beam holographic recording process. These diffusers have previously been presented as potential treatments for amblyopia and diplopia. This work has now been extended to spectrometric analysis to determine their properties under broadband light. Diffusive elements with higher diffusion efficiencies exhibited a marginal reduction (< 5%) in diffusion efficiency across most of the visible spectrum. Given the intended application of these holographic diffusers, cytotoxicity assessments were also performed. This is significant as there is a difference in toxicity between the crystalline acrylamide (classified as a category 3 material) and diacetone acrylamide (classified as a category 4 material). The findings indicated substantially lower toxicity in holograms produced with diacetone acrylamide-based photopolymer. The accelerated ageing of both formulations of holographic diffusers indicated that the acrylamide-based holographic diffusers did not reduce efficacy in the 292 days of ageing. The diacetone acrylamide-based holographic diffusers exhibited reduced efficacy by day 182. Despite this, both formulations have been shown to perform for prolonged periods as the treatment modality would require. These results emphasise that holographic diffusers exhibit minimal spectral impact, and longevity on the scale of treatment regimes which are crucial considerations for their prospective use case as treatments for amblyopia and diplopia.
Investigation Of The Uv-Resistance Of Photopolymerisable Glass For Space Applications, Luca Sorridente, Tatsiana Mikulchyk, Izabela Naydenova, Kevin Murphy
Investigation Of The Uv-Resistance Of Photopolymerisable Glass For Space Applications, Luca Sorridente, Tatsiana Mikulchyk, Izabela Naydenova, Kevin Murphy
Articles
The progress of space based scientific research leads to an increasing demand for more efficient and less bulky instruments. Conventional refractive elements make up a critical part of many optical instruments launched into space; however, they can be bulky and heavy. Holographic optical elements are an efficient alternative to replace the conventional optical elements as they are lightweight and can be miniaturized. Current materials typically used for volume holographic optical elements are not robust enough for use in space environment. Recently a promising photopolymerisable glass has been developed using a sol-gel technique, which can provide dry layers suitable for holographic …
Holographic Multiplexing In A Photopolymerisable Hybrid Sol-Gel, Pamela Stoeva, Tatsiana Mikulchyk, Izabela Naydenova, Kevin Murphy
Holographic Multiplexing In A Photopolymerisable Hybrid Sol-Gel, Pamela Stoeva, Tatsiana Mikulchyk, Izabela Naydenova, Kevin Murphy
Articles
Holographic multiplexing techniques enhance functionality and information storage by leveraging the inherent selectivity of holograms. This is crucial for advancing holographic sensors, which excel in simultaneously detecting multiple parameters from a single input signal. This study explores the potential of the recent photopolymerisable hybrid sol-gel (PHSG) material for application in Space sensing systems through the investigation of its holographic angular multiplexing capabilities. For the first time, to the best of our knowledge, we report the successful recording of up to five angularly multiplexed gratings with diffraction efficiencies (DE) ≥ 15% in 187 ± 18 µm PHSG layers. A 3 mW/cm2 …
Color-Changing Reflection Hologram For Quality Assurance Of Therapeutic Ultrasound Systems, Tatsiana Mikulchyk, John Walsh, Jacinta Browne, Izabela Naydenova, Dervil Cody
Color-Changing Reflection Hologram For Quality Assurance Of Therapeutic Ultrasound Systems, Tatsiana Mikulchyk, John Walsh, Jacinta Browne, Izabela Naydenova, Dervil Cody
Articles
The acoustic output of clinical therapeutic ultrasound equipment requires regular quality assurance (QA) testing to ensure the safety and efficacy of the treatment and that any potentially harmful deviations from the expected output power density are detected as soon as possible. A hologram, consisting of a reflection grating fabricated in an acrylate photopolymer film, has been developed to produce an immediate, visible, and permanent change in the color of the reconstructed hologram from red to green in response to incident ultrasound energy. The influence of the therapeutic ultrasound insonation parameters (exposure time, ultrasound power density, and proximity to the point …
Limits Of Detection Of Mycotoxins By Laminar Flow Strips: A Review, Xinyi Zhao, Hugh Byrne, Christine M. O’Connor, James Curtin, Furong Tian
Limits Of Detection Of Mycotoxins By Laminar Flow Strips: A Review, Xinyi Zhao, Hugh Byrne, Christine M. O’Connor, James Curtin, Furong Tian
Articles
Mycotoxins are secondary metabolic products of fungi. They are poisonous, carcinogenic, and mutagenic in nature and pose a serious health threat to both humans and animals, causing severe illnesses and even death. Rapid, simple and low-cost methods of detection of mycotoxins are of immense importance and in great demand in the food and beverage industry, as well as in agriculture and environmental monitoring, and, for this purpose, lateral flow immunochromatographic strips (ICSTs) have been widely used in food safety and environmental monitoring. The literature to date describing the development of ICSTs for the detection of different types of mycotoxins using …
Charge Transfer Mediated Triplet Excited State Formation In Donor-Acceptor-Donor Bodipy: Application For Recording Of Holographic Structures In Photopolymerizable Glass, Tatsiana Mikulchyk, Safakath Karuthedath, Catherine S.P. De Castro, Andrey A. Buglak, Aimee Sheehan, Aaron Wieder, FréDéRic Laquai, Izabela Naydenova, Mikhail Filatov
Charge Transfer Mediated Triplet Excited State Formation In Donor-Acceptor-Donor Bodipy: Application For Recording Of Holographic Structures In Photopolymerizable Glass, Tatsiana Mikulchyk, Safakath Karuthedath, Catherine S.P. De Castro, Andrey A. Buglak, Aimee Sheehan, Aaron Wieder, FréDéRic Laquai, Izabela Naydenova, Mikhail Filatov
Articles
Donor–acceptor–donor BODIPY triads bearing anthracene or pyrene as electron donating subunits were prepared through a stepwise synthesis. Photoinduced electron transfer and formation of long-lived triplet excited states via spin–orbit charge transfer intersystem crossing (SOCT-ISC) was studied by steady-state and ultrafast pump-probe spectroscopy and further supported by DFT computations. New BODIPYs were found to form triplet states and sensitize singlet oxygen in both polar and non-polar solvents which is unusual for photosensitizers operating via SOCT-ISC. BODIPY-anthracene triad (ABA) was used as a photosensitizer component in a photopolymerizable glass that was prepared by a four-step sol–gel process. ABA in combination with N …
Industrial Grade 2d Molybdenum Disulphide (Mos2): An In-Vitro Exploration Of The Impact On Cellular Uptake, Cytotoxicity, And Inflammation, Caroline Moore, Hugh Byrne, Jonathan N. Coleman, Yuri Volkov, Jennifer Mcintyre
Industrial Grade 2d Molybdenum Disulphide (Mos2): An In-Vitro Exploration Of The Impact On Cellular Uptake, Cytotoxicity, And Inflammation, Caroline Moore, Hugh Byrne, Jonathan N. Coleman, Yuri Volkov, Jennifer Mcintyre
Articles
The recent surge in graphene research, since its liquid phase monolayer isolation and characterization in 2004, has led to advancements which are accelerating the exploration of alternative 2D materials such as molybdenum disulphide (MoS2), whose unique physico-chemical properties can be exploited in applications ranging from cutting edge electronic devices to nanomedicine. However, to assess any potential impact on human health and the environment, the need to understand the bio-interaction of MoS2 at a cellular and sub-cellular level is critical. Notably, it is important to assess such potential impacts of materials which are produced by large scale production techniques, rather than …
The Evaluation And Implementation Of Magnetic Fields For Large Strain Uniaxial And Biaxial Cyclic Testing Of Magnetorheological Elastomers., Dave Gorman, Niall Murphy, Ray Ekins, Stephen Jerrams
The Evaluation And Implementation Of Magnetic Fields For Large Strain Uniaxial And Biaxial Cyclic Testing Of Magnetorheological Elastomers., Dave Gorman, Niall Murphy, Ray Ekins, Stephen Jerrams
Articles
Magnetorheological Elastomers (MREs) are “smart” materials whose physical properties are altered by the application of magnetic fields. In previous studies the properties of MREs have been evaluated under a variety of conditions, however little attention has been paid to the recording and reporting of the magnetic fields used in these tests [1]. Currently there is no standard accepted method for specifying the magnetic field applied during MRE testing. This study presents a detailed map of a magnetic field applied during MRE tests as well as providing the first comparative results for uniaxial and biaxial testing under high strain fatigue test …
Concern-Driven Integrated Toxicity Testing Strategies For Nanomaterials - Report Of The Nanosafety Cluster Working Group 10, Hugh Byrne, Agnes G. Oomen, Peter M.J. Bos, Teresa F. Fernandes, Kerstin Hund-Rinke, Diana Boraschi, Karin Aschberger, Stefania Gottardo, Frank Von Der Kammer, Dana Kühnel, Danail Hristozov, Antonio Marcomini, Lucia Migliore
Concern-Driven Integrated Toxicity Testing Strategies For Nanomaterials - Report Of The Nanosafety Cluster Working Group 10, Hugh Byrne, Agnes G. Oomen, Peter M.J. Bos, Teresa F. Fernandes, Kerstin Hund-Rinke, Diana Boraschi, Karin Aschberger, Stefania Gottardo, Frank Von Der Kammer, Dana Kühnel, Danail Hristozov, Antonio Marcomini, Lucia Migliore
Articles
Bringing together topic-related European Union-(EU)-funded projects, the so-called “NanoSafety Cluster” aims at identifying key areas for further research on risk assessment procedures for nanomaterials (NM). The outcome of NanoSafety Cluster Working Group 10, this commentary presents a vision for concern-driven integrated approaches for the (eco-)toxicological testing and assessment (IATA) of NM. Such approaches should start out by determining concerns, i.e. specific information needs for a given NM based on realistic exposure scenarios. Recognized concerns can be addressed in a set of tiers using standardized protocols for NM preparation and testing. Tier 1 includes determining physico-chemical properties, non-testing (e.g. structure …
Stiefel And Grassmann Manifolds In Quantum Chemistry, Eduardo Chiumiento, Michael Melgaard
Stiefel And Grassmann Manifolds In Quantum Chemistry, Eduardo Chiumiento, Michael Melgaard
Articles
We establish geometric properties of Stiefel and Grassmann manifolds which arise in relation to Slatertype variational spaces in many-particle Hartree-Fock theory and beyond. In particular, we prove thatthey are analytic homogeneous spaces and submanifolds of the space of bounded operators on the single-particle Hilbert space. As a by-product we obtain that they are complete Finsler manifolds. These geometric properties underpin state-of-the-art results on existence of solutions to Hartree-Fock type equations.