Algebra Commons^™

Reducing Food Scarcity: The Benefits Of Urban Farming, S.A. Claudell, Emilio Mejia

Journal of Nonprofit Innovation

Urban farming can enhance the lives of communities and help reduce food scarcity. This paper presents a conceptual prototype of an efficient urban farming community that can be scaled for a single apartment building or an entire community across all global geoeconomics regions, including densely populated cities and rural, developing towns and communities. When deployed in coordination with smart crop choices, local farm support, and efficient transportation then the result isn’t just sustainability, but also increasing fresh produce accessibility, optimizing nutritional value, eliminating the use of ‘forever chemicals’, reducing transportation costs, and fostering global environmental benefits.

Imagine Doris, who is …

A Visual Tour Of Dynamical Systems On Color Space, Jonathan Maltsman

HMC Senior Theses

We can think of a pixel as a particle in three dimensional space, where its x, y and z coordinates correspond to its level of red, green, and blue, respectively. Just as a particle’s motion is guided by physical rules like gravity, we can construct rules to guide a pixel’s motion through color space. We can develop striking visuals by applying these rules, called dynamical systems, onto images using animation engines. This project explores a number of these systems while exposing the underlying algebraic structure of color space. We also build and demonstrate a Visual DJ circuit board for …

Disjointness Of Linear Fractional Actions On Serre Trees, Henry W. Talbott

Rose-Hulman Undergraduate Mathematics Journal

Serre showed that, for a discrete valuation field, the group of linear fractional transformations acts on an infinite regular tree with vertex degree determined by the residue degree of the field. Since the p-adics and the polynomials over the finite field of order p act on isomorphic trees, we may ask whether pairs of actions from these two groups are ever conjugate as tree automorphisms. We analyze permutations induced on finite vertex sets, and show a permutation classification result for actions by these linear fractional transformation groups. We prove that actions by specific subgroups of these groups are conjugate only …

Extensions Of The Morse-Hedlund Theorem, Eben Blaisdell

Honors Theses

Bi-infinite words are sequences of characters that are infinite forwards and backwards; for example "...ababababab...". The Morse-Hedlund theorem says that a bi-infinite word f repeats itself, in at most n letters, if and only if the number of distinct subwords of length n is at most n. Using the example, "...ababababab...", there are 2 subwords of length 3, namely "aba" and "bab". Since 2 is less than 3, we must have that "...ababababab..." repeats itself after at most 3 letters. In fact it does repeat itself every two letters. …

Distributed Evolution Of Spiking Neuron Models On Apache Mahout For Time Series Analysis, Andrew Palumbo

Annual Symposium on Biomathematics and Ecology Education and Research

No abstract provided.

Neutrosophic Triplet Groups And Their Applications To Mathematical Modelling, Florentin Smarandache, W.B. Vasantha Kandasamy, Ilanthenral K.

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

The innovative notion of neutrosophic triplet groups, introduced by Smarandache and Ali in 2014-2016, happens to yield the anti-element and neutral element once the element is given. It is established that the neutrosophic triplet group collection forms the classical group under product for Zn, for some specific n. However the collection is not even closed under sum. These neutrosophic triplet groups are built using only modulo integers or Cayley tables. Several interesting properties related with them are defined. It is pertinent to record that in Zn, when n is a prime number, we cannot get a neutral element which can …

Special Type Of Fixed Points Of Mod Matrix Operators, Florentin Smarandache, W.B. Vasantha Kandasamy, K. Ilanthenral

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

In this book authors for the first time introduce a special type of fixed points using MOD square matrix operators. These special type of fixed points are different from the usual classical fixed points. A study of this is carried out in this book. Several interesting properties are developed in this regard. The notion of these fixed points find many applications in the mathematical models which are dealt systematically by the authors in the forth coming books. These special type of fixed points or special realized limit cycles are always guaranteed as we use only MOD matrices as operators with …

My Finite Field, Matthew Schroeder

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

A love poem written in the language of mathematics.

Symbolic Neutrosophic Theory, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

Symbolic (or Literal) Neutrosophic Theory is referring to the use of abstract symbols (i.e. the letters T, I, F, or their refined indexed letters T_j, I_k, F_l) in neutrosophics.

In the first chapter we extend the dialectical triad thesis-antithesis-synthesis (dynamics of A and antiA, to get a synthesis) to the neutrosophic tetrad thesis-antithesis-neutrothesis-neutrosynthesis (dynamics of A, antiA, and neutA, in order to get a neutrosynthesis).

In the second chapter we introduce the neutrosophic system and neutrosophic dynamic system. A neutrosophic system is a quasi- or –classical system, in the sense that the neutrosophic …

Special Dual Like Numbers And Lattices, Florentin Smarandache, W.B. Vasantha Kandasamy

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

In this book the authors introduce a new type of dual numbers called special dual like numbers. These numbers are constructed using idempotents in the place of nilpotents of order two as new element. That is x = a + bg is a special dual like number where a and b are reals and g is a new element such that g2 =g. The collection of special dual like numbers forms a ring. Further lattices are the rich structures which contributes to special dual like numbers. These special dual like numbers x = a + bg; when a and b …

Neutrosophic Interval Bialgebraic Structures, Florentin Smarandache, W.B. Vasantha Kandasamy

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

In this book the authors for the first time introduce the notion of neutrosophic intervals and study the algebraic structures using them. Concepts like groups and fields using neutrosophic intervals are not possible. Pure neutrosophic intervals and mixed neutrosophic intervals are introduced and by the very structure of the interval one can understand the category to which it belongs. We in this book introduce the notion of pure (mixed) neutrosophic interval bisemigroups or neutrosophic biinterval semigroups. We derive results pertaining to them. The new notion of quasi bisubsemigroups and ideals are introduced. Smarandache interval neutrosophic bisemigroups are also introduced and …

Review: The Semi-Dynamical Reflection Equation: Solutions And Structure Matrices, Gizem Karaali

Pomona Faculty Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

Iterated Aluthge Transforms: A Brief Survey, Jorge Antezana, Enrique R. Pujals, Demetrio Stojanoff

Publications and Research

Given an r × r complex matrix T, if T = U|T| is the polar decomposition of T, then the Aluthge transform is defined by

∆(T) = |T|^1/2U|T|^1/2.

Let ∆ⁿ(T) denote the n-times iterated Aluthge transform of T, i.e. ∆⁰(T) = T and ∆ⁿ(T) = ∆(∆ⁿ⁻¹(T)), n ∈ N. In this paper we make a brief survey on the known properties and applications of …

Super Linear Algebra, Florentin Smarandache, W.B. Vasantha Kandasamy

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

In this book, the authors introduce the notion of Super linear algebra and super vector spaces using the definition of super matrices defined by Horst (1963). This book expects the readers to be well-versed in linear algebra. Many theorems on super linear algebra and its properties are proved. Some theorems are left as exercises for the reader. These new class of super linear algebras which can be thought of as a set of linear algebras, following a stipulated condition, will find applications in several fields using computers. The authors feel that such a paradigm shift is essential in this computerized …