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- United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications (10)
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Articles 1 - 30 of 31
Full-Text Articles in Environmental Sciences
Co-Producing A Shared Characterization Of Depredation In The Gulf Of Mexico Reef Fish Fishery: Comprehensive Report, James M. Drymon, Ana Osowski, Amanda Jargowsky, Matthew Ajemian, Angela Collins, Bryan Fluech, Steven Gray, Julie Lively, Steven Scyphers
Co-Producing A Shared Characterization Of Depredation In The Gulf Of Mexico Reef Fish Fishery: Comprehensive Report, James M. Drymon, Ana Osowski, Amanda Jargowsky, Matthew Ajemian, Angela Collins, Bryan Fluech, Steven Gray, Julie Lively, Steven Scyphers
Coastal Research and Extension Center Publications
Depredation, defined as the partial or complete removal of a hooked fish by a non-target species, is a cryptic form of mortality that can affect the accuracy of stock assessments and species management efforts. Accounting for depredation is crucial to minimize uncertainty in stock assessment models and to obtain accurate and reliable fisheries catch data. If these interactions are frequent, failure to properly quantify this form of mortality can lead to the underestimation of reef fish population removals, inappropriate harvest recommendations, and stakeholder unrest. In recent years, depredation has escalated in the Gulf of Mexico (GoM) reef fish fishery. Although …
Multidisciplinary Engagement For Fencing Research Informs Efficacy And Rancher-To-Researcher Knowledge Exchange, Matthew Hyde, Stewart W. Breck, Alex Few, Jared Beaver, Joshua Schrecengost, Jim Stone, Cameron Krebs, Russell Talmo, Kari Eneas, Rae Nickerson, Kyran E. Kunkel, Julie K. Young
Multidisciplinary Engagement For Fencing Research Informs Efficacy And Rancher-To-Researcher Knowledge Exchange, Matthew Hyde, Stewart W. Breck, Alex Few, Jared Beaver, Joshua Schrecengost, Jim Stone, Cameron Krebs, Russell Talmo, Kari Eneas, Rae Nickerson, Kyran E. Kunkel, Julie K. Young
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Across much of the Western United States, recovery of large carnivore populations is creating new challenges for livestock producers. Reducing the risks of sharing the landscape with recovering wildlife populations is critical to private working lands, which play an vital role in securing future energy, water, food, and fiber for an ever-expanding human population. Fencing is an important mitigation practice that many ranchers, land managers, and conservationists implement to reduce carnivore-livestock conflict. While fencing strategies have been reviewed in the literature, research seldom incorporates knowledge from the people who utilize fencing the most (i.e., livestock producers). Incorporating producers and practitioners …
Food Habits Of Wintering Double-Crested Cormorants In The Mississippi Delta, Terrel W. Christie, Brian S. Dorr, J. Brian Davis, Luke A. Roy, Carole R. Engle, Katie Hanson-Dorr, Anita M. Kelly
Food Habits Of Wintering Double-Crested Cormorants In The Mississippi Delta, Terrel W. Christie, Brian S. Dorr, J. Brian Davis, Luke A. Roy, Carole R. Engle, Katie Hanson-Dorr, Anita M. Kelly
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Given its ubiquity, it is not surprising that agriculture, including fin fish aquaculture, contributes to food webs worldwide and is used by numerous wildlife for foraging and meeting other needs. Double-crested Cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) impact United States commercial aquaculture and are considered the primary avian predator in catfish (Ictalurus spp.) aquaculture facilities in the Mississippi Delta. Recent changes in aquaculture practices, regulatory policies, and decreased overall hectares in production prompted this study that assessed cormorant consumption of catfish in relation to their night roosts through surveys and diet analysis. Cormorants were collected from night roosts from October …
Timing And Extent Of Crop Damage By Wild Pigs (Sus Scrofa Linnaeus) To Corn And Peanut Fields, C. M. Boyce, Kurt C. Vercauteren, James C. Beasley
Timing And Extent Of Crop Damage By Wild Pigs (Sus Scrofa Linnaeus) To Corn And Peanut Fields, C. M. Boyce, Kurt C. Vercauteren, James C. Beasley
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
The global expansion of wild pigs over the last few decades has resulted in an increase in extent and distribution of damages to crops, placing a growing strain on agricultural producers and land managers. Despite the extent of wild pig damage to agriculture, there is little data regarding timing and spatial variability of damage to corn (Zea mays Linnaeus) and we found no data regarding the effect of these factors on peanuts (Arachis hypogaea Linnaeus). Our objective was to determine the timing and extent of wild pig damage to corn and peanut fields, as well as the extent …
Best Management Practices For Reducing Coyote Depredation On Loggerhead Sea Turtles In South Carolina, Trent Eskew
Best Management Practices For Reducing Coyote Depredation On Loggerhead Sea Turtles In South Carolina, Trent Eskew
All Theses
Sea turtles are one of the most recognizable and charismatic marine species worldwide that continue to be the focus of many conservationists. However, their populations and habitat continue to decline at an alarming rate due to predation, development, pollution, rising sea levels, beach erosion, and commercial fishing. Consequently, maximizing nest production in current nesting regions is fundamental to sea turtle recovery efforts. On the southeastern coast, coyotes (Canis latrans) and sea turtles have a relatively new relationship, but the presence of this latest predator has dramatically reduced sea turtle nesting success in certain areas. An active predator management strategy for …
Recreational Fishing Depredation And Associated Behaviors Involving Common Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops Truncatus) In Sarasota Bay, Florida, Jessica R. Powell, Randall S. Wells
Recreational Fishing Depredation And Associated Behaviors Involving Common Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops Truncatus) In Sarasota Bay, Florida, Jessica R. Powell, Randall S. Wells
United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications
Odontocete depredation involves stealing or damaging bait or prey already captured by fishing gear. The increase in depredation is of concern for small stocks of cetaceans because interactions with fishing gear can lead to serious injury or mortality through entanglement or ingestion. Using long-term data sets available for the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) community in Sarasota Bay, Florida, we investigated recreational fishing gear interactions by (1) examining temporal patterns in depredation and associated behaviors from 2000 to 2007; (2) quantifying the behavior of dolphins that depredate or engage in associated behaviors; and (3) identifying factors associated with the …
What’S The Catch? Patterns Of Cetacean Bycatch And Depredation In Hawaii-Based Pelagic Longline Fisheries, Karin A. Forney, Donald R. Kobayashi, David W. Johnston, Jamie A. Marchetti, Michael G. Marsik
What’S The Catch? Patterns Of Cetacean Bycatch And Depredation In Hawaii-Based Pelagic Longline Fisheries, Karin A. Forney, Donald R. Kobayashi, David W. Johnston, Jamie A. Marchetti, Michael G. Marsik
United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications
U.S. Pacific pelagic longline fisheries operating in the central North Pacific have been subject to a series of regulations to reduce bycatch of protected species, including seabirds and sea turtles. Cetaceans are also occasionally caught, and the bycatch of false killer whales, Pseudorca crassidens, in the Hawaii-based deep-set longline fishery currently exceeds allowable levels under the Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA). In this study, we examined longline observer data collected between 1994 and 2009, with emphasis on 2003–2009, to identify patterns of cetacean bycatch and depredation in relation to area, time, vessel, habitat variables, fishing gear, and set characteristics. …
Intrafield Patterns Of Wildlife Damage To Corn And Soybeans In Northern Indiana, Travis L. Devault, James C. Beasley, Lee A. Humberg, Brian J. Macgowan, Monica I. Retamosa, Olin E. Rhodes Jr.
Intrafield Patterns Of Wildlife Damage To Corn And Soybeans In Northern Indiana, Travis L. Devault, James C. Beasley, Lee A. Humberg, Brian J. Macgowan, Monica I. Retamosa, Olin E. Rhodes Jr.
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Management programs aimed at reducing wildlife damage to row crops rely on information concerning the spatial nature of wildlife damage at local and landscape scales. In this study we explored spatial patterns of wildlife damage within individual corn and soybean fields by describing relationships between specific locations where wildlife damage was recorded and distances from such locations to various habitat types that presumably influenced animal abundance and movements in our study area. Using stratified random sampling, we conducted depredation surveys of 100 corn fields and 60 soybean fields from May through October both in 2003 and 2004 and recorded the …
Caffeine Formulation For Avian Repellency, Scott J. Werner, John L. Cummings, Shelagh K. Tupper, Jerome C. Hurley, Randal S. Stahl, Thomas M. Primus
Caffeine Formulation For Avian Repellency, Scott J. Werner, John L. Cummings, Shelagh K. Tupper, Jerome C. Hurley, Randal S. Stahl, Thomas M. Primus
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Nonlethal management alternatives are needed to reduce avian depredation of agricultural crops. Caffeine has promise as an effective, economical, and environmentally safe avian repellent, yet formulation improvements are needed for field applications. We included sodium benzoate in subsequent formulations to enhance the solubility of caffeine. Red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus) discriminated between untreated rice and rice treated with 250 ppm or 10,000 ppm caffeine and sodium benzoate in captivity. We observed a positive concentration–response relationship among birds offered rice treated with 250 ppm, 1,000 ppm, 2,500 ppm, 5,000 ppm, 10,000 ppm, or 20,000 ppm caffeine and sodium benzoate. Relative …
Intrafield Patterns Of Wildlife Damage To Corn And Soybeans In Northern Indiana, Travis L. Devault, James C. Beasley, Lee A. Humberg, Brian J. Macgowan, Mónica I. Retamosa, Ollin E. Rhodes Jr.
Intrafield Patterns Of Wildlife Damage To Corn And Soybeans In Northern Indiana, Travis L. Devault, James C. Beasley, Lee A. Humberg, Brian J. Macgowan, Mónica I. Retamosa, Ollin E. Rhodes Jr.
Human–Wildlife Interactions
Management programs aimed at reducing wildlife damage to row crops rely on information concerning the spatial nature of wildlife damage at local and landscape scales. In this study we explored spatial patterns of wildlife damage within individual corn and soybean fields by describing relationships between specific locations where wildlife damage was recorded and distances from such locations to various habitat types that presumably influenced animal abundance and movements in our study area. Using stratified random sampling, we conducted depredation surveys of 100 corn fi elds and 60 soybean fields from May through October both in 2003 and 2004 and recorded …
Non-Lethal Alternatives For Predation Management, John A. Shivik
Non-Lethal Alternatives For Predation Management, John A. Shivik
Sheep and Goat Research Journal
The ethical milieu in which wildlife biologists and livestock producers work continues to change as the concepts of environmentalism and animal rights and welfare have become introduced and normalized (Singer, 1975). The American public, including livestock producers, are mired within a typically human psychological quagmire of having a high demand for benefit, but a low tolerance for cost — that is, economic forces. Americans tend to demand a cheap, reliable food supply, while simultaneously demanding the existence of animals that, through predation activities, drive up production costs. Ironically, members of the urban public who may find fault with food and …
Status And Management Of Coyote Depredations In The Eastern United States, John M. Houben
Status And Management Of Coyote Depredations In The Eastern United States, John M. Houben
Sheep and Goat Research Journal
The populations of coyotes (Canis latrans) have increased dramatically in the eastern United States since the early 1900s (Hilton, 1978; Chambers, 1987; Hill et al., 1987; Witmer and Hayden 1992). The expansion of the coyote range into eastern North America has been summarized by Parker (1995) and characterized as two distinct geographical events: 1) the northern front moving across southern Ontario and the Great Lakes region and 2) the southern front colonizing the southeastern United States from Arkansas and Louisiana. These two fronts expanded throughout the northeastern and southeastern United States during the 1960s and 1970s, finally converging …
Selective Targeting Of Alpha Coyotes To Stop Sheep Depredation, M. M. Jaeger
Selective Targeting Of Alpha Coyotes To Stop Sheep Depredation, M. M. Jaeger
Sheep and Goat Research Journal
Research to find more effective and socially acceptable solutions of managing coyote (Canis latrans) depredation has been ongoing for many years. The primary objective is to develop strategies that effectively reduce losses, not simply reduce coyote numbers. An important step in solving such conflicts is to clearly define the problem. In this case, it is important to know which coyotes are most likely to kill sheep and when and where their depredation is greatest. For a control strategy to be effective, it must be appropriate to these three defining characteristics. The hardest of these questions to resolve has been determining …
Feral Swine Impacts On Agriculture And The Environment, Nathan W. Seward, Kurt C. Vercauteren, Gary W. Witmer, Richard M. Engeman
Feral Swine Impacts On Agriculture And The Environment, Nathan W. Seward, Kurt C. Vercauteren, Gary W. Witmer, Richard M. Engeman
Sheep and Goat Research Journal
More than 30 species of exotic freeranging mammals have become established in the United States since European colonization (De Vos et al., 1956; McKnight, 1964; Roots, 1976). These species often become serious economic pests and can have grave consequences on their host environments (Cottam, 1956; De Vos et al., 1956; Mayer and Brisbin, 1991). True wild pigs (Suidae) are not native to the United States. Only the collared peccary (Tayassu tajacu; Tayassuidae) that inhabits the southwestern and south-central parts of the United States is native (Mayer and Brandt, 1982; Mayer and Wetzel, 1986). Feral swine (Sus scrofa …
Economic Impact Of Protected Large Carnivores On Sheep Farming In Norway, Leif Jarle Asheim, Ivar Mysterud
Economic Impact Of Protected Large Carnivores On Sheep Farming In Norway, Leif Jarle Asheim, Ivar Mysterud
Sheep and Goat Research Journal
Norway has historically been a stronghold for carnivore predators. Today there are four protected carnivore species, brown bear (Ursus arctos), wolverine (Gulo gulo), wolf (Canis lupus) and lynx (Lynx lynx), together with the golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos). The carnivore populations were significantly reduced, and wolves and bears almost eradicated nationally during the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries (Ministry of the Environment, 1992; 1996-97). Today, the species are protected, and management calls for restoring demographically and/or genetically viable populations (Ministry of the Environment, 1996-97). Another proposal is to view Norwegian management goals and responsibilities in …
Coyote Depredation Management: Current Methods And Research Needs, Brian R. Mitchell, Michael M. Jaeger, Reginald H. Barrett
Coyote Depredation Management: Current Methods And Research Needs, Brian R. Mitchell, Michael M. Jaeger, Reginald H. Barrett
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
This paper examines the severity of livestock depredation by coyotes (Canis latrans), reviews evidence implicating breeding (or “alpha”) coyotes in the majority of incidents, evaluates currently used depredation control techniques, and suggests directions for future research. Nonlethal control ranges from varied animal husbandry practices to coyote behavioral modification or sterilization. These methods show significant promise but have not been proven effective in controlled experiments. Therefore, many livestock producers rely on lethal control, and most employ nonselective strategies aimed at local population reduction. Sometimes this approach is effective; other times it is not. This strategy can fail because the …
Coyote Depredation Management: Current Methods And Research Needs, Brian R. Mitchell, Michael M. Jaegar, Reginald H. Barrett
Coyote Depredation Management: Current Methods And Research Needs, Brian R. Mitchell, Michael M. Jaegar, Reginald H. Barrett
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
This paper examines the severity of livestock depredation by coyotes (Canis latrans), reviews evidence implicating breeding (or “alpha”) coyotes in the majority of incidents, evaluates currently used depredation control techniques, and suggests directions for future research. Nonlethal control ranges from varied animal husbandry practices to coyote behavioral modification or sterilization. These methods show significant promise but have not been proven effective in controlled experiments. Therefore, many livestock producers rely on lethal control, and most employ nonselective strategies aimed at local population reduction. Sometimes this approach is effective; other times it is not. This strategy can fail because the …
Livestock Depredations By Black Vultures And Golden Eagles, Michael L. Avery, J. L. Cummings
Livestock Depredations By Black Vultures And Golden Eagles, Michael L. Avery, J. L. Cummings
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Black Vulture: The available evidence suggests that black vultures act as typical predators by seeking and disabling vulnerable animals prior to overwhelming and killing them (Gluesing et al., 1980). These birds take the path of least resistance and eat carrion when it is available. Black vultures are opportunists, however, and when the chance arises, they will attack and eat defenseless live animals. Defenseless does not necessarily mean sick or injured. Healthy newborn livestock are defenseless, especially if the mother is exhausted or otherwise not able to care for and protect the offspring. In assessing the role of black vultures as …
Wading Bird Management And Research On North American Aquaculture Facilities, Brian Dorr, Jimmy D. Taylor Ii
Wading Bird Management And Research On North American Aquaculture Facilities, Brian Dorr, Jimmy D. Taylor Ii
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Aquaculture in North America varies geographically with respect to species cultured, annual production, size, complexity, and spatial arrangement of facilities. Species assemblages of predacious birds using aquaculture facilities also vary with many of these industry characteristics. Wading birds are highly adaptable, relatively ubiquitous throughout the aquaculture industry, and often associated with fish depredation problems at aquaculture facilities. Suitability of information regarding the impacts of wading birds to aquaculture varies dramatically by depredating species and industry sector. Great blue herons (Ardea herodias) cause considerable depredation losses on trout aquaculture in the Northeast, and current research suggests that little blue …
Great Egret Preference For Catfish Size Classes, Scott J. Werner, Mark E. Tobin, Paul B. Fioranelli
Great Egret Preference For Catfish Size Classes, Scott J. Werner, Mark E. Tobin, Paul B. Fioranelli
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Several species of fish-eating birds are commonly observed near aquaculture facilities in the southern United States. An understanding of the relationships between these birds and specific commodities is needed to interpret and manage bird impacts to aquacultural production. We conducted two foraging experiments to evaluate the preference o f Great Egrets (Ardea alba) for three specific size classes of Channel Catfish (Zctalurus punctatus). During six no-choice feeding trials, egrets consumed significantly more small (7.5-10 cm) fingerlings than medium (13- 18 cm) or large (23-23 cm) catfish. Egrets captured 19 large catfish, and ingested only two, even …
Double-Crested Cormorant Satellite Telemetry: Preliminary Insight, Scott J. Werner, D. Tommy King, David E. Wooten
Double-Crested Cormorant Satellite Telemetry: Preliminary Insight, Scott J. Werner, D. Tommy King, David E. Wooten
Wildlife Damage Management Conference Proceedings
Migratory paths of North American waterbirds have traditionally been evaluated by relocating birds banded as nestlings. Although over 8,000 banded Double-crested Cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) have been recovered in North America since 1923, the movements of wintering and breeding cormorants remain poorly understood. We initiated a satellite telemetry study to determine the annual and regional distributions of 25 cormorants (in each of two study years) captured near primary aquaculture areas in Alabama, Arkansas, Louisiana, and Mississippi. Preliminary data suggest that cormorants generally remained near aquaculture facilities where they were captured, marked, and released. Two cormorants, however, emigrated from primary aquaculture areas …
The Legal Roles And Responsibilities Of A Community Concerning Crop Depredation By White-Tailed Deer, Eric G. Darracq, Stephen R. Chapman
The Legal Roles And Responsibilities Of A Community Concerning Crop Depredation By White-Tailed Deer, Eric G. Darracq, Stephen R. Chapman
Eighth Eastern Wildlife Damage Management Conference (1997)
The interwoven issues of the legal roles and responsibilities that landowners (i.e., farmers, foresters, and hunters) and a state agency have to control deer densities in rural areas that directly affect crop depredation and various stakeholders will be addressed in this paper. Because unmanaged deer populations severely can damage agricultural crops, the financial cost of this deer damage is borne entirely by individual private landowners. The South Carolina Department of Natural Resources (SCDNR) is the regulatory state agency in South Carolina responsible for annually promulgating rules and regulations pertaining to white-tailed deer harvest by hunters. Even though deer are property …
Electric Fencing Reduces Heron Predation At Northeastern Trout Hatcheries, Mark E. Tobin, James F. Glahn, Erica S. Rasmussen
Electric Fencing Reduces Heron Predation At Northeastern Trout Hatcheries, Mark E. Tobin, James F. Glahn, Erica S. Rasmussen
Eighth Eastern Wildlife Damage Management Conference (1997)
Great blue herons (Ardea herodius) are the most common avian predator at commercial trout hatcheries in the northeastern United States. We evaluated a 2-strand electric fence for excluding this species from raceways at 2 commercial trout hatcheries in central Pennsylvania. Fences consisted of high density polyethylene 400-lb strength tape supported by fiberglass posts and energized by either a battery-powered or a solar-powered fence charger. Labor and material for constructing the fences at the 2 sites averaged $1.32/m of raceway. Bird visitation at the 2 sites initially declined, but returned to pre-installation levels. However, bird use of raceways declined …
Development Of A Double-Crested Cormorant Damage Management Plan For The Southeastern United States, Keith J. Andrews, Pete Poulos, Charles (Bo) Sloan, Jerrold L. Belant, Paige G. Ross, Paul Debow
Development Of A Double-Crested Cormorant Damage Management Plan For The Southeastern United States, Keith J. Andrews, Pete Poulos, Charles (Bo) Sloan, Jerrold L. Belant, Paige G. Ross, Paul Debow
Eighth Eastern Wildlife Damage Management Conference (1997)
In response to needs within the aquaculture industry to alleviate increasing depredation by double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus), the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, in conjunction with Federal, State, and Canadian wildlife and fisheries agencies, the aquaculture industry, and other wildlife professionals, is developing the framework for a comprehensive cormorant damage management program that uses an integrated wildlife damage management approach. This cooperative effort will produce a meaningful, mutually beneficial program that will reduce the effects of cormorants on aquaculture and sport and commercial fisheries, improve understanding of cormorant biology, and avert …
Depredation On Artificial Ground Nests By Japanese Macaques: The Unspoken Exotic In Texas, Justin G. Feild, Scott E. Henke, Justin G. Mccoy
Depredation On Artificial Ground Nests By Japanese Macaques: The Unspoken Exotic In Texas, Justin G. Feild, Scott E. Henke, Justin G. Mccoy
Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings
Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) are old world monkeys that were introduced to Texas in 1972, and their population has since increased to over 800 individuals. Macaques are considered to be primarily vegetarian but will opportunistically forage on a variety of food items. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine if macaques impact the nest success of bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus). In June 1996, 20 artificial ground nests simulating those of bobwhite quail were placed randomly in areas with and without macaques. Nests were checked at 3-day intervals for 24 days and nest success was …
Lesser Scaup Depredation And Economic Impact At Baitfish Facilities In Arkansas, M. Chad Philipp, Michael D. Hoy
Lesser Scaup Depredation And Economic Impact At Baitfish Facilities In Arkansas, M. Chad Philipp, Michael D. Hoy
Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings
During the winters of 1994-95 and 1995-96, unusually large numbers of diving ducks were observed on baitfish facilities in Arkansas. Historically, lesser scaup (Aythya affinis) inhabited baitfish ponds with little reported impact on minnow production, and thus little attention was paid to the birds. Unfortunately, minnow crops in the spring of 1995 fell short of expectations and immediate attention became focused on the role lesser scaup may have had on that minnow shortage. Subsequently, lesser scaup were collected from baitfish facilities in an effort to determine their effect on commercial fish farms. Two hundred and twenty-three lesser scaup …
Effects Of Mule Deer Grazing On Alfalfa Seed Production, Dennis D. Austin, Philip J. Urness
Effects Of Mule Deer Grazing On Alfalfa Seed Production, Dennis D. Austin, Philip J. Urness
Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings
Evaluation of crop loss caused by mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) grazing on alfalfa grown for seed harvest was studied in northern Utah. Results indicated (1) wire baskets used to protect non-grazed plots did not affect alfalfa production, and (2) alfalfa seed crop loss was directly correlated with alfalfa hay crop loss. Consequently, methods used to evaluate crop loss to alfalfa hay may be applied to alfalfa seed.
The Puma In The Central Mountains And Great Plains, Jay W. Tischendorf, F. Robert Henderson
The Puma In The Central Mountains And Great Plains, Jay W. Tischendorf, F. Robert Henderson
Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings
Current status of the puma, Felis concolor, in the central mountains and Great Plains of Canada and the United States is discussed. Recent specimens and verified sightings are reviewed. Based on growing evidence, the puma has the potential to recolonize much of this region. Minor depredation problems can be expected, particularly as puma numbers increase and their range expands. This species is highly adaptable and extremely elusive, and its detection requires special skills. Professional wildlifers must be prepared to meet the dual challenges of managing both for recovery of this relatively rare carnivore and for its coexistence with humans.
Depredation Of Catfish By Double-Crested Cormorants At Aquaculture Facilities In Oklahoma, Robert L. Simmonds Jr., Alexander V. Zale, David M. Leslie Jr.
Depredation Of Catfish By Double-Crested Cormorants At Aquaculture Facilities In Oklahoma, Robert L. Simmonds Jr., Alexander V. Zale, David M. Leslie Jr.
Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings
Oklahoma has about 324 ha of surface water in catfish (Ictalurus spp.) production. The state also supports a large number of migrating and wintering piscivorous birds, particularly double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus). To address concerns of aquaculture facility operators regarding loss of fish to cormorants, we asked 11 operators to conduct regular counts of piscivorous birds at each facility. These data were used to determine factors affecting cormorant density at facilities and to estimate amount of catfish lost to cormorant depredation. Cormorant density (birds/ha/day) was positively correlated with surface area of water in production at facilities <10 ha (r = …
Wild Ungulate Depredation On Winter Wheat: Effects On Grain Yield, Dennis D. Austin, Philip J. Urness
Wild Ungulate Depredation On Winter Wheat: Effects On Grain Yield, Dennis D. Austin, Philip J. Urness
Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings
The effects of big game grazing of winter wheat on grain yield were studied during 12 trials in northern Utah between 1990-92. Differences in yield were measured for each trial using 20 sets of 1-m2 plots protected and variously grazed by mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus), pronghorn (Antilocapra americana) and Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus) in a randomized block design along the edges of sampled fields. Plots were hand cut at the beginning of commercial harvest. Grazing impacts were indexed by nighttime counts of game animals, pellet-group counts, and ocular estimates of percent track …