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Articles 1 - 30 of 63
Full-Text Articles in Soil Science
Modeling Transport Of Colloid-Bound Herbicides And Heavy Metals To Groundwater, Anastasios D. Karathanasis, R. E. Phillips, A. K. Seta
Modeling Transport Of Colloid-Bound Herbicides And Heavy Metals To Groundwater, Anastasios D. Karathanasis, R. E. Phillips, A. K. Seta
KWRRI Research Reports
Recent studies have suggested that contaminant transport to groundwater may be enhanced by association with colloidal particles. This study evaluated the role of water dispersible colloids with diverse mineralogical composition in co-transporting selected herbicides and heavy metals through intact soil columns. Colloid recovery in the eluents ranged from 45-90% for the herbicides and 10-60% for the heavy metals. The presence of colloids enhanced the transport of atrazine by 2-18%, and metolachlor by 8-30%. The corresponding increase for Cu and Zn was 2-150 and 5-30 times, respectively. For Pb, there was essentially no elution in the absence of colloids, suggesting nearly …
Formulation Enhanced Transport Of A Soil Applied Herbicide, V. P. Evangelou, Louis M. Mcdonald, Sandra Prima
Formulation Enhanced Transport Of A Soil Applied Herbicide, V. P. Evangelou, Louis M. Mcdonald, Sandra Prima
KWRRI Research Reports
Because pesticides are applied as formulated particles and the affinity of the active ingredient for the formulation is higher than for the bulk water, we hypothesized that a formulation complex could affect active ingredient transport. Our objectives were to investigate the nature and extent of surfactant-atrazine-clay/oxide surface interactions. When atrazine and an anionic surfactant were dried onto plain or Fe-coated sand and leached, atrazine concentrations in the initial leachate were lower in the Fe-coated sand treatment. This was likely due to an electrostatic attraction between the sand and surfactant. When a nonionic surfactant was used, atrazine concentration in the initial …
Effects Of Zebra, Mussel, Dreissena Polymorpha Infestation On Lake Dardanelle Water Quality, Charles J. Gagen, Joseph N. Stoeckel
Effects Of Zebra, Mussel, Dreissena Polymorpha Infestation On Lake Dardanelle Water Quality, Charles J. Gagen, Joseph N. Stoeckel
Technical Reports
Zebra mussels recently invaded southern waterways including the Arkansas River. Large-scale filtration of suspended particulate matter by dense populations could alter reservoir ecosystem function. Furthermore, they attach to hard surfaces, thereby threatening normal operations of artificial structures. We designed this study to provide baseline data prior to establishment of high population levels of zebra mussels in Lake Dardanelle. The characterization of spatial and temporal variability in water quality, zooplankton, phytoplankton, and macrophytes will allow testing of several hypotheses. We sampled zebra mussel veliger and settling juvenile densities and zooplankton densities at four fixed sites and the key water quality variables …
Bioaccumulation Of Methyl Mercury Through A Food Chain, J. T. Knight
Bioaccumulation Of Methyl Mercury Through A Food Chain, J. T. Knight
Technical Reports
The bioaccumulation of mercury through the food chain has received much attention in Arkansas during the last three years. The discovery of mercury contamination and subsequent fish consumption advisories in southwest Arkansas have increased public awareness of the potential for bioaccumulation of different toxic compounds. It is postulated that the mercury problem in Arkansas is a result of methylation and resulting bioaccumulation of mercury as methyl mercury. This study was designed to derive a Bioaccumulation Factor (BAF) for mercury in a simple food chain under controlled conditions. A BAF is calculated by dividing the concentration found in the organism by …
Influence Of Rice Production On The Quality Of Water In Tailwater Collection Reservoirs, R. A. Dewell, T. L. Lavy
Influence Of Rice Production On The Quality Of Water In Tailwater Collection Reservoirs, R. A. Dewell, T. L. Lavy
Technical Reports
Since maintaining high water quality standards in the state remains a high priority, monitoring for pesticides in water sources must continue. Determining the type, concentration, and characteristics of any pesticides present in water supplies are essential to the overall assessment of water quality. Five independent locations, implementing contained water management systems and recyclable water, were monitored in 1995 and 1996. Irrigation, runoff, and pond water samples were collected every 10 to 14 days between permanent flood establishment and draining. Water samples were transported to the laboratory and extracted for 16 pesticides using solid phase extraction (SPE) techniques. Quantification and confirmation …
Data Dictionary, Coastal Land And Groundwater For Horticulture From Gingin To Augusta, Werner Runge, Dennis Van Gool
Data Dictionary, Coastal Land And Groundwater For Horticulture From Gingin To Augusta, Werner Runge, Dennis Van Gool
Agriculture reports
This report summaries the primary digital data which was used to analyse the land and groundwater resources along the coastal strip between the shires of Gingin adn Augusta - Margaret River.
Infiltration Of Fecal Bacteria Through Soils: Timing And Tillage Effects, Mark S. Coyne, C. S. Stoddard, John H. Grove, William O. Thom
Infiltration Of Fecal Bacteria Through Soils: Timing And Tillage Effects, Mark S. Coyne, C. S. Stoddard, John H. Grove, William O. Thom
Soil Science News and Views
Land-applying animal wastes potentially exposes humans and animals to fecal pathogens, either by direct contact with soil and produce, or via ground water contamination. Some of these organisms are Salmonella, certain pathogenic Escherichia coli strains, protozoa such as Cryptosporidium and Giardia, and enteric viruses. Whether soil adequately filters these pathogens before they reach ground water depends on the interaction of porosity, texture, depth, water content, rainfall intensity and duration, and soil management.
No-Tilling Corn Into Hairy Vetch: Fertilizer Nitrogen Substitution Without Penalty Due To Delayed Planting, H. M. Saha, John H. Grove
No-Tilling Corn Into Hairy Vetch: Fertilizer Nitrogen Substitution Without Penalty Due To Delayed Planting, H. M. Saha, John H. Grove
Soil Science News and Views
Previous studies conducted in Kentucky have shown that hairy vetch is an agronomically viable winter legume cover crop for notill corn production. However, to fully realize the benefits of this cover crop it is necessary to allow enough time for it to accumulate biomass and nitrogen (N) before no-till corn is planted. Thus, early corn planting may not always be feasible. Since delaying corn planting after May 15 in Kentucky usually leads to a decline in corn grain yields, the main question addressed in this study (one for which little information was available) was whether the benefits provided by hairy …
Fertility Status And Changes Of 50 Crp Fields, Lloyd W. Murdock, Dottie Call
Fertility Status And Changes Of 50 Crp Fields, Lloyd W. Murdock, Dottie Call
Soil Science News and Views
The CRP program in Kentucky has 435,000 acres ofland which will be released soon. Since these fields were highly eroded when they were placed into the program, it was felt it would be helpful to determine the general fertility status of the CRP fields in Kentucky and see what changes had taken place during their years of enrollment in the CRP program. Since most of the fields had a previous erosive history, we expected the fields to be low in pH and in the low to medium range for phosphorus and potassium.
We would like to thank the producers who …
Seeding Cover Crops In Kentucky, Kenneth L. Wells, Morris J. Bitzer
Seeding Cover Crops In Kentucky, Kenneth L. Wells, Morris J. Bitzer
Soil Science News and Views
The most common reason for seeding a cover crop is to establish cover onto a tilled area following harvest of the previous crop, or onto a disturbed area for a "critical seeding", as soon as possible after tillage or disturbance. The reason for establishing the cover crop is to stabilize the exposed surface of bare soil to prevent erosion.
Vegetative Filter Strip Design For Grassed Areas Treated With Animal Manures, Dwayne R. Edwards, Tommy C. Daniel, Philip A. Moore Jr.
Vegetative Filter Strip Design For Grassed Areas Treated With Animal Manures, Dwayne R. Edwards, Tommy C. Daniel, Philip A. Moore Jr.
Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications
Vegetative filter strips (VFS) are a low-cost management option that have been demonstrated to be effective in reducing runoff transport of fertilizer constituents applied to grassed areas (pasture or meadow). Runoff quality studies involving fertilizers applied to grassed areas suggest that VFS can be designed by assuming that (1) only infiltration is responsible for pollutant removal, (2) the first post-application runoff event is most important from a water quality perspective (enabling a design event approach), and (3) no pollutant build-up that degrades VFS performance will occur. The purpose of this study was to develop a VFS design algorithm for grassed …
Poultry Litter-Treated Length Effects On Quality Of Runoff From Fescue Plots, Dwayne R. Edwards, Philip A. Moore Jr., Tommy C. Daniel, Puneet Srivastava
Poultry Litter-Treated Length Effects On Quality Of Runoff From Fescue Plots, Dwayne R. Edwards, Philip A. Moore Jr., Tommy C. Daniel, Puneet Srivastava
Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications
Using experimental data and/or mathematical simulation models to identify practices that reduce pollution from manure-treated areas is sometimes perceived as limited by the unknown validity of extrapolating plot-scale data to larger areas and by uncertainties in modeling transport of various pollutants. The objectives of this study were to assess the effect of length of manure treatment on runoff concentrations of poultry litter constituents and to define the modes of transport (particulate versus soluble) for nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), carbon (C), and solids. Poultry litter was applied to three 1.5- x 18.3-m fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) plots with runoff collection …
Quality Of Runoff From Four Northwest Arkansas Pasture Fields Treated With Organic And Inorganic Fertilizer, Dwayne R. Edwards, Tommy C. Daniel, John F. Murdoch, Philip A. Moore Jr.
Quality Of Runoff From Four Northwest Arkansas Pasture Fields Treated With Organic And Inorganic Fertilizer, Dwayne R. Edwards, Tommy C. Daniel, John F. Murdoch, Philip A. Moore Jr.
Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications
Long-term land application of animal manures, even at agronomic rates, can promote accumulation of soil phosphorus (P) which can, in turn, contribute to increased P loadings to downstream waters. The objective of this study was to assess the soil and runoff effects of replacing animal manure as a soil amendment with inorganic fertilizer (ammonium nitrate, NH4NO3) on fields that had been treated previously with animal manures. Runoff from two pairs of small fields (0.57 to 1.46 ha) was sampled from September 1991 to April 1994. All fields had been treated previously with animal manures; after runoff …
Performance Of Vegetative Filter Strips With Varying Pollutant Source And Filter Strip Lengths, Puneet Srivastava, Dwayne R. Edwards, Tommy C. Daniel, Philip A. Moore Jr., Thomas A. Costello
Performance Of Vegetative Filter Strips With Varying Pollutant Source And Filter Strip Lengths, Puneet Srivastava, Dwayne R. Edwards, Tommy C. Daniel, Philip A. Moore Jr., Thomas A. Costello
Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications
Vegetative filter strips (VFS) can reduce runoff losses of pollutants such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) from land areas treated with fertilizers. While VFS effectiveness is considered to depend on lengths of pollutant source and VFS areas, there is little experimental evidence of this dependence, particularly when the pollutant source is manure-treated pasture. This study assessed the effects of pollutant source area (fescue pasture treated with poultry litter) length and VFS (fescue pasture) length on VFS removal of nitrate N (NO3-N), ammonia N (NH3-N), total Kjeldahl N (TKN), ortho-P (PO4-P), total P (TP), …
Application Of Simplified Phosphorus Transport Models To Pasture Fields In Northwest Arkansas, Dwayne R. Edwards, C. T. Haan, Andrew N. Sharpley, John F. Murdoch, Tommy C. Daniel, Philip A. Moore Jr.
Application Of Simplified Phosphorus Transport Models To Pasture Fields In Northwest Arkansas, Dwayne R. Edwards, C. T. Haan, Andrew N. Sharpley, John F. Murdoch, Tommy C. Daniel, Philip A. Moore Jr.
Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications
Runoff transport of phosphorus (P) is often predicted from simple equations with parameters determined from data applicable primarily to row-cropped and fallow cover conditions. The applicability, accuracy, and precision of such P transport prediction equations under pasture situations are less well defined. The objectives of this study were to determine parameters of simplified runoff P transport equations for pasture fields and to assess the accuracy and precision of the equations. Runoff, sediment yield, soluble P transport, and particulate P transport data were collected from four pasture fields in northwestern Arkansas. Runoff event enrichment ratios and extraction coefficients were computed, and …
Evaluation Of The Crop Growth Component Of The Root Zone Water Quality Model For Corn In Ohio, Sue E. Nokes, Feliks M. Landa, Jon D. Hanson
Evaluation Of The Crop Growth Component Of The Root Zone Water Quality Model For Corn In Ohio, Sue E. Nokes, Feliks M. Landa, Jon D. Hanson
Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications
The Root Zone Water Quality Model (RZWQM) is a computer model developed to simulate water, chemical, and biological processes in the root zone of agricultural management systems. As of this writing RZWQM is in the beta-testing phase of development. This article reports on a parameterization and evaluation study performed in Ohio on field corn for the crop growth component of RZWQM. The generic crop growth model in RZWQM had not previously been parameterized or tested on field corn. This article reports the results of such a study. One year of data was used to calibrate RZWQM, and two additional years …
Geraldton Region Land Resources Survey, L Gary Rogers, National Landcare Program (Australia)
Geraldton Region Land Resources Survey, L Gary Rogers, National Landcare Program (Australia)
Land resources series
This report presents results from soil and landform mapping at a scale of 1:250,000 for approximately 2.1 million hectares of the wheat-sheep belt of Western Australia. The study area corresponds with the Geraldton advisory district for Agriculture Western Australia and is the northern extent of the wheatbelt. The area covers parts of three major geological regions of Western Australia: the Perth Basin, Carnarvon Basin and the Yilgarn Craton. Fifty-one soil-landscape systems have been identified, some of which have been divided into subsystems, and are illustrated on the accompanying maps. The landform, parent material, rainfall, land use, native vegetation and soils …
Soils Of The Mount Beaumont Area, G G. Scholz, Henry Smolinski
Soils Of The Mount Beaumont Area, G G. Scholz, Henry Smolinski
Land resources series
Mount Beaumont Mount Beaumont is approximately 100 km north-east of Esperance in the south-east of Western Australia. In 1982 an area of 35,000 ha of virgin Crown Land was released for agriculture (identified as Mount Beaumont Stage I) and later it was proposed to release a further 33,600 ha (Mount Beaumont Stage II). Following development of the first stage, doubts arose about the suitability of the soils for agriculture, so the Department of Agriculture (now Agriculture Western Australia) surveyed the soils of the Mount Beaumont Stage II area before further land release. The survey indicated severe limitations to production and …
Burt County Test Hole Logs, Raymond R. Burchett, Frank A. Smith
Burt County Test Hole Logs, Raymond R. Burchett, Frank A. Smith
Conservation and Survey Division
No abstract provided.
Geology Of The Liquid Propane Gas Storage Facility Near Greenwood, Nebraska, R. R. Burchett
Geology Of The Liquid Propane Gas Storage Facility Near Greenwood, Nebraska, R. R. Burchett
Conservation and Survey Division
No abstract provided.
North Central Tablelands Hydrogeologic Summary From Domestic Well-Water Quality In Rural Nebraska, D C. Gosselin
North Central Tablelands Hydrogeologic Summary From Domestic Well-Water Quality In Rural Nebraska, D C. Gosselin
Conservation and Survey Division
No abstract provided.
Rural Domestic Well-Water Quality In The Sand Hills, D C. Gosselin
Rural Domestic Well-Water Quality In The Sand Hills, D C. Gosselin
Conservation and Survey Division
No abstract provided.
Regional Analysis Of Rural Domestic Well-Water Quality -- Platte River Valley, D. C. Gosselin, J. Headrick, X- H. Chen, S. E. Summerside
Regional Analysis Of Rural Domestic Well-Water Quality -- Platte River Valley, D. C. Gosselin, J. Headrick, X- H. Chen, S. E. Summerside
Conservation and Survey Division
No abstract provided.
Regional Analysis Of Rural Domestic Well-Water Quality -- Southern Panhandle Tablelands, D. C. Gosselin, J. Headrick, X- H. Chen, S. E. Summerside
Regional Analysis Of Rural Domestic Well-Water Quality -- Southern Panhandle Tablelands, D. C. Gosselin, J. Headrick, X- H. Chen, S. E. Summerside
Conservation and Survey Division
No abstract provided.
Regional Analysis Of Rural Domestic Well-Water Quality -- Southeastern Glacial Drift Area, D. C. Gosselin, J. Headrick, X- H. Chen, S. E. Summerside
Regional Analysis Of Rural Domestic Well-Water Quality -- Southeastern Glacial Drift Area, D. C. Gosselin, J. Headrick, X- H. Chen, S. E. Summerside
Conservation and Survey Division
No abstract provided.
Regional Hydrogeologic Summaries From Domestic Well-Water Quality In Rural Nebraska -- Sand Hills, D. C. Gosselin, J. Headrick, X- H. Chen, S. E. Summerside
Regional Hydrogeologic Summaries From Domestic Well-Water Quality In Rural Nebraska -- Sand Hills, D. C. Gosselin, J. Headrick, X- H. Chen, S. E. Summerside
Conservation and Survey Division
No abstract provided.
Regional Hydrogeologic Summaries From Domestic Well-Water Quality In Rural Nebraska -- Platte River Valley, D. C. Gosselin, J. Headrick, X- H. Chen, S. E. Summerside
Regional Hydrogeologic Summaries From Domestic Well-Water Quality In Rural Nebraska -- Platte River Valley, D. C. Gosselin, J. Headrick, X- H. Chen, S. E. Summerside
Conservation and Survey Division
No abstract provided.
Regional Hydrogeologic Summaries From Domestic Well-Water Quality In Rural Nebraska -- South Central Plains, D. C. Gosselin, J. Headrick, X- H. Chen, S. E. Summerside
Regional Hydrogeologic Summaries From Domestic Well-Water Quality In Rural Nebraska -- South Central Plains, D. C. Gosselin, J. Headrick, X- H. Chen, S. E. Summerside
Conservation and Survey Division
No abstract provided.
Regional Hydrogeologic Summaries From Domestic Well-Water Quality In Rural Nebraska -- Northern Panhandle Tablelands, D. C. Gosselin, J. Headrick, X-H. Chen, S. E. Summerside
Regional Hydrogeologic Summaries From Domestic Well-Water Quality In Rural Nebraska -- Northern Panhandle Tablelands, D. C. Gosselin, J. Headrick, X-H. Chen, S. E. Summerside
Conservation and Survey Division
No abstract provided.