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Articles 1 - 28 of 28
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Hydrological Monitoring With Hybrid Sensor Networks, Thomas V. Freiberger, Sahra Sedigh, Estella A. Atekwana
Hydrological Monitoring With Hybrid Sensor Networks, Thomas V. Freiberger, Sahra Sedigh, Estella A. Atekwana
Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Existing hydrological monitoring systems suffer from short- comings in accuracy, resolution, and scalability. Their fragility, high power consumption, and lack of autonomy necessitate frequent site visits. Cabling requirements and large size limit their scalability and make them prohibitively expensive. The research described in this paper proposes to alleviate these problems by pairing high-resolution in situ measure- ment with remote data collection and software maintenance. A hybrid sensor network composed of wired and wireless connections autonomously measures various attributes of the soil, including moisture, temperature, and resistivity. The mea- surements are communicated to a processing server over the existing GSM cellular …
Climate. Renewables: Old Problem, New Answers, Michael Eckhart
Climate. Renewables: Old Problem, New Answers, Michael Eckhart
New England Journal of Public Policy
The article offers information on the first Agricultural Renewable Energy Forum to be held in New York on December 3, 2008.
Water. World Water, A Crisis Of Global Governance?, Robert Weiner
Water. World Water, A Crisis Of Global Governance?, Robert Weiner
New England Journal of Public Policy
In a global world, how can water, a necessary and increasingly scarce resource, be managed? We understand that water is a basic need. Do we also share the belief that water is a basic right? Does the international community share beliefs about water that may be the foundation of an international regime or system of global governance for the equitable implementation of global water policy? And finally, what international body or bodies might handle the disputes that arise as our population and need for water increase? The author tackles these questions and looks at models to guide us.
Water. Global Water Outlook To 2025: Averting An Impending Crisis, Mark W. Rosegrant, Ximing Cai, Sarah A. Cline
Water. Global Water Outlook To 2025: Averting An Impending Crisis, Mark W. Rosegrant, Ximing Cai, Sarah A. Cline
New England Journal of Public Policy
IFPRI and IWMI's report uses computer modeling to project water demand and availability through to 2025 and predicts the likely impact of changes in water policy and investment, making specific recommendations for specific locations around the globe. The report argues that if current water policies continue, farmers will find it difficult to meet the world’s food needs. Hardest hit will be the world’s poorest people. The authors call for: International commitment to sustainable use of water, through appropriate policies and investments; Wider application of existing water saving technologies; The removal of inappropriate incentives and reform of institutions which hinder effective …
Water. Commons Or Commodity?: The Future Of Water, Marcia Brewster
Water. Commons Or Commodity?: The Future Of Water, Marcia Brewster
New England Journal of Public Policy
This article by Marcia Brewster is taken from the proceedings of the EPIIC Symposium at Tufts University in February 2005.
Water. The Geopolitics Of Water, Paul Michael Wihbey, Ilan Berman
Water. The Geopolitics Of Water, Paul Michael Wihbey, Ilan Berman
New England Journal of Public Policy
In the great geo-strategic game known as the Middle East, peace politics get much of the press and the attention of policy leaders. On occasion, oil takes center stage but often for the wrong reason (see, e.g., "The End of the Oil Era and the Price of Oil"). What is important to understand is that water is in fact the key strategic resource in the region and if you follow the flow of water, you'll follow the politics and policy machinations that lie at the heart of the Israeli-Syrian dialogue. IASPS Fellow in Strategy Paul Michael Wihbey co-authored an analysis …
A Decade Of Colorado Supreme Court Water Decisions, 1996-2006: Special Report, Colorado Foundation For Water Education
A Decade Of Colorado Supreme Court Water Decisions, 1996-2006: Special Report, Colorado Foundation For Water Education
The Future of Natural Resources Law and Policy (Summer Conference, June 6-8)
Presenter: Justice Greg Hobbs, Colorado Supreme Court
31 pages.
Includes color illustrations and map
"Acknowledgments: This special report highlights important features of Colorado Supreme Court water decisions handed down between 1996 and 2006. It contains excerpts from opinions authored by Justices Lohr, Vollack, Mullarkey, Kourlis, Hobbs, Martinez, Bender, Rice, Coats and Eid. It is adapted from an article that first appeared in The Water Report (www.thewaterreport.com), February 15, 2007, used with permission."
Slides: The Roadless Rules And The Roles Of States And Communities, Sharon Friedman
Slides: The Roadless Rules And The Roles Of States And Communities, Sharon Friedman
The Future of Natural Resources Law and Policy (Summer Conference, June 6-8)
Presenter: Sharon Friedman, Director of Planning, USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Region
13 slides
Slides: Summary: Sources Of Stress And The Changing Context Of Natural Resources Law And Policy In The New West, William R. Travis
Slides: Summary: Sources Of Stress And The Changing Context Of Natural Resources Law And Policy In The New West, William R. Travis
The Future of Natural Resources Law and Policy (Summer Conference, June 6-8)
Presenter: Dr. William R. Travis, Department of Geography, University of Colorado at Boulder
43 slides
Historical Evolution And Future Of Natural Resources Law And Policy: The Beginning Of An Argument And Some Modest Predictions, Sally K. Fairfax, Helen Ingram, Leigh Raymond
Historical Evolution And Future Of Natural Resources Law And Policy: The Beginning Of An Argument And Some Modest Predictions, Sally K. Fairfax, Helen Ingram, Leigh Raymond
The Future of Natural Resources Law and Policy (Summer Conference, June 6-8)
8 pages.
Includes bibliographical references
"Sally Fairfax, UC-Berkeley, Helen Ingram, UC-Irvine, and Leigh Raymond, Purdue University" -- Agenda
Private Rights And Collective Governance: A Functional Approach To Natural Resources Law, Eric T. Freyfogle
Private Rights And Collective Governance: A Functional Approach To Natural Resources Law, Eric T. Freyfogle
The Future of Natural Resources Law and Policy (Summer Conference, June 6-8)
4 pages.
"Eric T. Freyfogle, Max L. Rowe Professor of Law, University of Illinois College of Law"
Algorithms For Converting Water Into Wine -- The Gospel Of John, Chapter Two, David Randall Jenkins
Algorithms For Converting Water Into Wine -- The Gospel Of John, Chapter Two, David Randall Jenkins
David Randall Jenkins
Learn why scripture uses the number 37 as a numerical reference for water, the number 515 as a numerical reference for wine and the procedure for converting water into wine.
Agenda: The Future Of Federal Wetlands Regulation After Rapanos, University Of Colorado Boulder. Natural Resources Law Center
Agenda: The Future Of Federal Wetlands Regulation After Rapanos, University Of Colorado Boulder. Natural Resources Law Center
The Future of Federal Wetlands Regulation After Rapanos (May 10)
Hot-Topic Discussion held at Brownstein Hyatt Farber Schreck in Denver, Colorado on May 10, 2007 from 12:00 p.m. to 1:15 p.m.
Speaker: Mark Squillace, Director of the Natural Resources Law Center, University of Colorado School of Law.
Commentators: Wayne Forman and Michelle Kales, attorneys, Brownstein Hyatt Farber Schreck
"Rapanos v. United States, 547 U.S. 715 (2006), was a United States Supreme Court case challenging federal jurisdiction to regulate isolated wetlands under the Clean Water Act. It was the first major environmental case heard by the newly appointed Chief Justice, John Roberts and Associate Justice, Samuel Alito. The Supreme Court …
Slides: The Future Of Federal Wetlands Regulation, Mark Squillace
Slides: The Future Of Federal Wetlands Regulation, Mark Squillace
The Future of Federal Wetlands Regulation After Rapanos (May 10)
Presenter: Professor Mark Squillace, Director, Natural Resources Law Center, University of Colorado School of Law
35 slides
Climate Justice: The Next Movement [Outline], Richard J. Lazarus
Climate Justice: The Next Movement [Outline], Richard J. Lazarus
The Climate of Environmental Justice: Taking Stock (March 16-17)
Presenter: Richard J. Lazarus, Professor of Law, Georgetown University Law Center
2 pages.
Screened-Exchange Determination Of The Electronic Properties Of Monoclinic, Tetragonal And Cubic Zirconia, Julia E. Medvedeva, C. B. Geller, D. M. Rishel, Arthur J. Freeman
Screened-Exchange Determination Of The Electronic Properties Of Monoclinic, Tetragonal And Cubic Zirconia, Julia E. Medvedeva, C. B. Geller, D. M. Rishel, Arthur J. Freeman
Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works
First-principles electronic band structure investigations of monoclinic, tetragonal, and cubic ZrO2 reveal the highly anisotropic nature of the conduction and valence band topologies in the monoclinic phase with electron and hole effective masses differing by over an order of magnitude in perpendicular directions. The planes of relatively high implied electron and hole mobilities intersect along a single crystallographic direction, making this the only direction readily available for exciton motion. Conversely, in the tetragonal and cubic phases, charge carrier effective masses are more isotropic and exciton motion is less restricted. These findings may explain recent experimental observations suggesting that exciton production …
Silver Doped Titanium Dioxide Nanomaterials For Enhanced Visible Light Photocatalysis, Michael Seery, Reena George, Suresh Pillai, Patrick Floris
Silver Doped Titanium Dioxide Nanomaterials For Enhanced Visible Light Photocatalysis, Michael Seery, Reena George, Suresh Pillai, Patrick Floris
Articles
This paper presents a systematic study on two different preparation methods for titanium dioxide with silver. The silver can be incorporated by irradiating the reaction mixture during preparation to reduce silver ion to silver metal or by direct calcination of the sol–gel material to decompose silver nitrate to silver. Of the two methods, we found the latter produces a more effective photocatalytic material (6–50% improvement in catalytic efficiency), which is attributed to the fact that the silver is homogeneously dispersed throughout the material. The efficiency of the materials were examined using a Q-Sun solar simulator (visible light) and in Dublin …
Water Quality In The Wingecarribee Shire, Nsw, Glennys A. O'Brien, Mark R. O'Donnell, Adrian C. Hutton
Water Quality In The Wingecarribee Shire, Nsw, Glennys A. O'Brien, Mark R. O'Donnell, Adrian C. Hutton
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
This paper reports on a water quality monitoring program carried out for Wingecarribee Shire Council between March 2002 and July 2004 by University of Wollongong staff and students. Initially 40 sites were sampled on four occasions over three months in a pilot program leading to the selection of sites and parameters for a two year program of monthly monitoring. A range of chemical, physical and biological parameters was measured including nutrients and faecal coliform bacteria on samples collected over the 26 approximately monthly sampling trips. Chlorophyll a, phaeophyton and blue-green algae were also determined over a shorter period. The sampling …
Water Quality Assessment - Issues From A Laboratory Management Perspective, Robert John Morrison, Mark R. O'Donnell, D. Springer
Water Quality Assessment - Issues From A Laboratory Management Perspective, Robert John Morrison, Mark R. O'Donnell, D. Springer
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
This paper considers issues relating to the measurement of water quality parameters in the laboratory, especially an external (usually commercial) laboratory. Many organisations now use testing laboratories for water quality measurements, a process that has advantages and some limitations. The interaction between the testing laboratory and the organization requiring the data is crucial, and this paper looks at some aspects where a full appreciation of the role of each partner is important. These include limits of detection and reporting, measurement uncertainty, sample storage and preservation times, and various quality control procedures.
Water Quality In The Illawarra-South Coast Region Of New South Wales, Australia, Robert John Morrison, Mark R. O'Donnell
Water Quality In The Illawarra-South Coast Region Of New South Wales, Australia, Robert John Morrison, Mark R. O'Donnell
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
Water quality is a serious environmental concern in the South Coast region of New South Wales as many aspects of human ecology and the economy are dependant on good water quality. Apart from drinking water for residents and visitors, tourism and agricultural productivity rely on good quality water. This paper presents an overview of general issues with regard to the development of water quality assessment procedures and programs, and discusses a number of issues considered important for the region. These include the impacts of increasing urbanisation, industrial activity (including mining), the potential wider use of groundwater and the improved management …
The Vibrational Spectra Of Protonated Water Clusters: A Benchmark For Self-Consistent-Charge Density-Functional Tight Binding, Haibo Yu, Qiang Cui
The Vibrational Spectra Of Protonated Water Clusters: A Benchmark For Self-Consistent-Charge Density-Functional Tight Binding, Haibo Yu, Qiang Cui
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
Proton transfers are involved in many chemical processes in solution and in biological systems. Although water molecules have been known to transiently facilitate proton transfers, the possibility that water molecules may serve as the “storage site” for proton in biological systems has only been raised in recent years. To characterize the structural and possibly the dynamic nature of these protonated water clusters, it is important to use effective computational techniques to properly interpret experimental spectroscopic measurements of condensed phase systems. Bearing this goal in mind, we systematically benchmark the self-consistent-charge density-functional tight-binding �SCC-DFTB� method for the description of vibrational spectra …
An Alternative Approach To Coal Mine Site Water Management: A Case Study On West Cliff Colliery, Antony Volcich, Stephen A. Short, Adrian C. Hutton, Robert John Morrison
An Alternative Approach To Coal Mine Site Water Management: A Case Study On West Cliff Colliery, Antony Volcich, Stephen A. Short, Adrian C. Hutton, Robert John Morrison
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
The provision of water supply, its usage and discharge, are major concerns for all mines, often accounting for a significant portion of the daily running costs. To reduce these costs, mines will collect as much site runoff as possible, and recycle the water whenever economically feasible. The constant recycling of on-site waters can mean that, over time, the levels of salinity, acidity or alkalinity, or other contaminants may build up within the internal water management system to a point which may lead to problems with licensed discharge requirements. This project investigated the water quality at West Cliff Colliery, in order …
Conducting Polymers With Fibrillar Morphology Synthesized In A Biphasic Ionic Liquid/Water System, J.M. Pringle, Orawan Ngamna, Carol M. Lynam, Gordon G. Wallace, Maria Forsyth, Douglas Macfarlane
Conducting Polymers With Fibrillar Morphology Synthesized In A Biphasic Ionic Liquid/Water System, J.M. Pringle, Orawan Ngamna, Carol M. Lynam, Gordon G. Wallace, Maria Forsyth, Douglas Macfarlane
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
The synthesis of poly(pyrrole), poly(terthiophene), and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) with unusual fibrillar morphologies has been achieved by chemical polymerization in a biphasic ionic liquid/water system. Use of aqueous gold chloride as the oxidant, with the monomers dissolved in a hydrophobic ionic liquid, allows the polymerization to occur at the ionic liquid/water interface. The resultant conducting polymer fibrils are, on average, 50−100 nm wide and can be thousands of nanometers long. The polymers produced in this ionic liquid system are compared to those synthesized in a biphasic chloroform/water system.
An Evaluation Of Selenium Concentrations In Water, Sediment, Invertebrates, And Fish From The Solomon River Basin, Thomas W. May, James F. Fairchild, Jim D. Petty, Michael J. Walther, Jeff Lucero, Mike Delvaux, Jill Manring, M. Armbruster
An Evaluation Of Selenium Concentrations In Water, Sediment, Invertebrates, And Fish From The Solomon River Basin, Thomas W. May, James F. Fairchild, Jim D. Petty, Michael J. Walther, Jeff Lucero, Mike Delvaux, Jill Manring, M. Armbruster
United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications
The Solomon River Basin is located in north-central Kansas in an area underlain by marine geologic shales. Selenium is an indigenous constituent of these shales and is readily leached into the surrounding groundwater. Portions of the Basin are irrigated primarily through the pumping of selenium-contaminated groundwater from wells onto fields in agricultural production. Water, sediment, macro-invertebrates, and fish were collected from various sites in the Basin in 1998 and analyzed for selenium. Selenium concentrations were analyzed spatially and temporally and compared to reported selenium toxic effect thresholds for specific ecosystem components: water, sediments, food-chain organisms, and whole-body fish. A selenium …
Effect Of Overlying Water Ph, Dissolved Oxygen, Salinity And Sediment Disturbances On Metal Release And Sequestration From Metal Contaminated Marine Sediments, Clare Atkinson, Dianne F. Jolley, Stuart L. Simpson
Effect Of Overlying Water Ph, Dissolved Oxygen, Salinity And Sediment Disturbances On Metal Release And Sequestration From Metal Contaminated Marine Sediments, Clare Atkinson, Dianne F. Jolley, Stuart L. Simpson
Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)
Experiments were undertaken to examine the key variables affecting metal release and sequestration processes in marine sediments with metal concentrations in sediments reaching up to 86, 240, 700, and 3000mgkg1 (dry weight) for Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn, respectively. The metal release and sequestration rates were affected to a much greater extent by changes in overlying water pH (5.58.0) and sediment disturbance (by physical mixing) than by changes in dissolved oxygen concentration (38mgl1) or salinity (1545 practical salinity units). The physical disturbance of sediments was also found to release metals more rapidly than biological disturbance (bioturbation). The rate of oxidative …
Development Of A Novel Modular Mid-Infrared Sensor For The In-Situ Detection Of The Btex Compounds In Water, Raymond Mccue
Development Of A Novel Modular Mid-Infrared Sensor For The In-Situ Detection Of The Btex Compounds In Water, Raymond Mccue
Doctoral
This research thesis describes the design, construction and testing of a novel modular mid-infrared fibre optic sensing system for the detection of hydrocarbons in water. It is the adverse effects to these hydrocarbon pollutants on flora and fauna that has led to the development of sensing systems for their detection and quantification. The key sensor design feature, its modularity, utilises simple low cost commercially available optical components, which are inherently suited to construct compact rugged sensing systems to perform in-situ measurements which are ideally preferred for environmental sensing. The various laboratory-based prototypes constructed weee calibrated for two target analytes over …
Preconcentration Of Trace Elements On Amberlite Xad-4 Resin Functionalised With 1,2-Bis (O-Aminophenylthio) Ethane And Their Determination By Faas In Environmental Samples, Ömer Dalman, Volkan Numan Bulut, İsmai̇l Deği̇rmenci̇oğlu, Mehmet Tüfekçi̇
Preconcentration Of Trace Elements On Amberlite Xad-4 Resin Functionalised With 1,2-Bis (O-Aminophenylthio) Ethane And Their Determination By Faas In Environmental Samples, Ömer Dalman, Volkan Numan Bulut, İsmai̇l Deği̇rmenci̇oğlu, Mehmet Tüfekçi̇
Turkish Journal of Chemistry
The use of chemically modified XAD-4-1,2-bis (o-aminophenylthio) ethane chelating resin for preconcentrating Cr^{6+}, Mn^{2+}, Fe^{3+}, Co^{2+}, Cu^{2+}, Cd^{2+}, Zn^{2+}, Pb^{2+}, and Ni^{2+} was studied using flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) for metal monitoring in environmental samples. Cd^{2+}, Zn^{2+}, Pb^{2+}, and Ni^{2+} ions were quantitatively recovered at the rate of 96.0%, 101.0%, 101.0%, and 95.0%, respectively (RSD < 5%), from the studied solutions. The procedure is based on the retention of analytes on a short column of 1,2-bis (o-aminophenylthio) ethane-XAD-4 chelating resin from a buffered sample solution and subsequent elution with 1 M HNO_3. Various parameters, such as pH, eluent type, and concentration, flow rate of sample solution and matrix interference effect on the retention of the metal ions have been studied. The optimum pH for the sorption of the above-mentioned metal ions was about 6. The adsorption and batch capacity of adsorbent and loading half time (t_{1/2}) for Ni^{2+}, Zn^{2+}, Cd^{2+}, and Pb^{2+} were established. The limit of detection was 3.0 \mu g L^{-1} for Pb^{2+} and Ni^{2+}, 0.6 \mu g L^{-1} for Cd^{2+}, and 0.3 \mu g L^{-1} for Zn^{2+}. The validation of the procedure was carried out by analysis of certified reference materials and standard addition. The proposed enrichment method was applied to environmental samples from Trabzon.
Eddy Correlation Measurements Of The Air/Sea Flux Of Dimethylsulfide Over The North Pacific Ocean, Christa A. Marandino, Warren J. De Bruyn, Scott D. Miller, Eric S. Saltzman
Eddy Correlation Measurements Of The Air/Sea Flux Of Dimethylsulfide Over The North Pacific Ocean, Christa A. Marandino, Warren J. De Bruyn, Scott D. Miller, Eric S. Saltzman
Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research
Shipboard measurements of air/sea fluxes and sea surface concentrations of dimethylsulfide (DMS) were made over the tropical and midlatitude North Pacific Ocean. Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry was used to measure DMS levels in ambient air and in air equilibrated with surface seawater drawn from a depth of 5 m. Air/sea fluxes were obtained using eddy covariance. Corrections and uncertainties involved in the calculation of fluxes from shipboard data are discussed. The surface ocean DMS concentrations measured during this study ranged from 1 to 10 nM, and atmospheric mixing ratios ranged from 20 to 1000 ppt. Air/sea fluxes ranged …