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2009

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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Parts Of The Whole: Observing The State Of The System, Dorothy Wallace Dec 2009

Parts Of The Whole: Observing The State Of The System, Dorothy Wallace

Numeracy

This column draws on the approach of statistician J. Edwards Deming to analyze sources and consequences of variation in an education system. Educational systems are not immune from the effects of poor statistical control, which makes it difficult for teachers to teach effectively and for managers such as principals to improve on school performance. It is also argued that the need for statistical control in these areas is in tension, if not outright conflict, with our goals for educating students.


Two Popular Books For Quantitative Literacy: What The Numbers Say, And The Numbers Game, Robert G. Root Dec 2009

Two Popular Books For Quantitative Literacy: What The Numbers Say, And The Numbers Game, Robert G. Root

Numeracy

Niederman, Derrick, and Boyum, David. What the Numbers Say: A Field Guide to Mastering Our Numerical World. (New York: Broadway Books/Random House, 2003). 288 pp. Hardcover, ISBN 978-0-7679-0998-3. Paperback, 978-0-7679-0999-0. Available as an eBook.

Blastland, Michael, and Dilnot, Andrew. The Numbers Game: The Commonsense Guide to Understanding Numbers in the News, in Politics and in Life. (New York: Gotham Books/Penguin, 2009). 192 pp. Hardcover, ISBN 978-1-5924-0423-0. Paperback, ISBN 978-1-5924-0485-8. Available as an eBook.

Popular books on quantitative literacy need to be easy to read, reasonably comprehensive in scope, and include examples that are thought-provoking and memorable. In contrast …


Numeracy: Open-Access Publishing To Reduce The Cost Of Scholarly Journals, Todd A. Chavez Dec 2009

Numeracy: Open-Access Publishing To Reduce The Cost Of Scholarly Journals, Todd A. Chavez

Numeracy

Each fiscal year, as academic librarians throughout the United States prepare materials budgets, a national “groan” ensues. Regardless of their format (i.e. print or digital), serial subscription costs are escalating, in the process impacting the role of the library in advancing scholarly communication . This paper examines some of the economic issues concerning open-access (OA) journal publishing. The importance of quantitative literacy is suggested for librarians and academics seeking a better understanding of alternatives to traditional journal subscription models and to anyone considering ventures into OA publishing. Quantitative literacy is essential for managing alternatives to the rising cost of scholarly …


College Algebra In Context: A Project Incorporating Social Issues, Michael T. Catalano Dec 2009

College Algebra In Context: A Project Incorporating Social Issues, Michael T. Catalano

Numeracy

This paper discusses the development of an innovative college algebra text designed for use in a data-driven, activity-oriented college algebra course, incorporating realistic problem situations emphasizing social and economic issues, including hunger and poverty, energy, and the environment. The course incorporates quantitative literacy themes, is informed by existing college algebra texts within the college algebra reform movement, and implements a collaborative pedagogical approach intended to provide future K-12 teachers an alternative model for the teaching of mathematics. The paper contains a short history of the project development phase, supported by an NSF grant (DUE #0442979), as well as the perceived …


An Activity Promoting The Practice Of Quantitative Literacy For Pre– And In–Service Teachers Of Mathematics And Science, Timothy L. Sorey, Teri Willard, Duane Sholz Dec 2009

An Activity Promoting The Practice Of Quantitative Literacy For Pre– And In–Service Teachers Of Mathematics And Science, Timothy L. Sorey, Teri Willard, Duane Sholz

Numeracy

The purpose of this article is to describe a hands-on, laboratory activity that provided pre-service teachers in mathematics and science methods courses, and also some in-service mathematics teachers, with the opportunity to exercise quantitative literacy (QL) skills. The focus of the activity is electrical resistance, more particularly the resistance (in ohms) that is painted on small resistors by the use of color-coded bands, one of which is a band for % error. The activity consists of four parts. In the first, student teams familiarize themselves with the code, measure the ohmage of resistors for which the codes are visible, and …


Are Statistics Labs Worth The Effort?--Comparison Of Introductory Statistics Courses Using Different Teaching Methods, Jose H. Guardiola, Nadina Duran-Hutchings, Hassan Elsalloukh Dec 2009

Are Statistics Labs Worth The Effort?--Comparison Of Introductory Statistics Courses Using Different Teaching Methods, Jose H. Guardiola, Nadina Duran-Hutchings, Hassan Elsalloukh

Numeracy

This paper compares the academic performance of students in three similar elementary statistics courses taught by the same instructor, but with the lab component differing among the three. One course is traditionally taught without a lab component; the second with a lab component using scenarios and an extensive use of technology, but without explicit coordination between lab and lecture; and the third using a lab component with an extensive use of technology that carefully coordinates the lab with the lecture. Extensive use of technology means, in this context, using Minitab software in the lab section, doing homework and quizzes using …


Envisioning A Quantitative Studies Center: A Liberal Arts Perspective, Gizem Karaali, Philip I. Choi, Sara Owsley Sood, Eric B. Grosfils Dec 2009

Envisioning A Quantitative Studies Center: A Liberal Arts Perspective, Gizem Karaali, Philip I. Choi, Sara Owsley Sood, Eric B. Grosfils

Numeracy

Several academic institutions are searching for ways to help students develop their quantitative reasoning abilities and become more adept at higher-level tasks that involve quantitative skills. In this note we study the particular way Pomona College has framed this issue within its own context and what it plans to do about it. To this end we describe our efforts as members of a campus-wide committee that was assigned the duty of investigating the feasibility of founding a quantitative studies center on our campus. These efforts involved analysis of data collected through a faculty questionnaire, discipline-specific input obtained from each departmental …


A Rubric For Assessing Quantitative Reasoning In Written Arguments, Nathan D. Grawe, Neil S. Lutsky, Christopher J. Tassava Dec 2009

A Rubric For Assessing Quantitative Reasoning In Written Arguments, Nathan D. Grawe, Neil S. Lutsky, Christopher J. Tassava

Numeracy

This paper introduces a rubric for assessing QR in student papers and analyzes the inter-rater reliability of the instrument based on a reading session involving 11 participants. Despite the disciplinary diversity of the group (which included a faculty member from the arts and literature, two staff members, and representatives from five natural and social science departments), the rubric produced reliable measures of QR use and proficiency in a sample of student papers. Readers agreed on the relevance and extent of QR in 75.0 and 81.9 percent of cases respectively (corresponding to Cohen’s κ= 0.611 and 0.693). A four-category measure of …


Confessions Of A Weak Tie, Joel Best Dec 2009

Confessions Of A Weak Tie, Joel Best

Numeracy

No abstract provided.


Five Thousand Downloads, H L Vacher Dec 2009

Five Thousand Downloads, H L Vacher

Numeracy

No abstract provided.


Front Matter Dec 2009

Front Matter

Journal of Digital Forensics, Security and Law

No abstract provided.


Masthead Dec 2009

Masthead

Journal of Digital Forensics, Security and Law

No abstract provided.


Back Matter Dec 2009

Back Matter

Journal of Digital Forensics, Security and Law

No abstract provided.


Bifurkasi Hopf Dalam Model Epidemi Dengan Waktu Tundaan Diskret, Rubono Setiawan Dec 2009

Bifurkasi Hopf Dalam Model Epidemi Dengan Waktu Tundaan Diskret, Rubono Setiawan

PYTHAGORAS : Jurnal Matematika dan Pendidikan Matematika

Di dalam suatu model epidemi dengan waktu tundaan diskrit, jika berubahnya waktu tundaan dapat mengakibatkan perubahan sifat kestabilan dari titik ekuilibrium penyakitnya, maka dikatakan terjadi bifurkasi Hopf di titik ekuilibrium penyakit tersebut. Secara umum bifurkasi membicarakan tentang perubahan struktur orbit dari suatu sistem persamaan diferensial seiring dengan perubahan nilai parameternya. Didalam analisa kestabilan titik ekuilibrium model epidemi dengan waktu tundaan diskrit , waktu tundaan dianggap sebagai parameter bifurkasi. Kemudian bifurkasi yang berkaitan dengan adanya nilai eigen kompleks murni disebut bifurkasi Hopf (Andronov - Hopf).
Kata kunci : bifurkasi Hopf , waktu tundaan , nilai eigen kompleks murni.


Model Pertumbuhan Populasi Berdasarkan Kelompok Umur, Dwi Lestari Dec 2009

Model Pertumbuhan Populasi Berdasarkan Kelompok Umur, Dwi Lestari

PYTHAGORAS : Jurnal Matematika dan Pendidikan Matematika

Penelitian matematika dalam bidang demografi dan ekologi sangatlah penting. Salah satu penelitian di bidang tersebut adalah tentang pertumbuhan populasi. Paper ini akan membahas tentang model pertumbuhan populasi berdasarkan kelompok umur. Model populasi berdasar kelompok umur merupakan model untuk memprediksi jumlah populasi di waktu yang akan datang berdasarkan kelompok umur. Model ini berbentuk kontinu atas waktu dan diskret atas kelompok umur. Model ini dikembangkan dari model pertumbuhan populasi berdasarkan kelompok umur dengan ukuran waktu diskret dan ukuran umur diskret. Dalam hal ini akan dibahas model kontinu atas waktu dan diskret atas umur sehingga diperoleh model berupa sistem persamaan diferensial serta model …


Pembentukan Isomorfisma Dari Gelanggang Faktor Ke Gelanggang Faktor Lokal, Amir Kamal Amir Dec 2009

Pembentukan Isomorfisma Dari Gelanggang Faktor Ke Gelanggang Faktor Lokal, Amir Kamal Amir

PYTHAGORAS : Jurnal Matematika dan Pendidikan Matematika

Suatu gelanggang lokal adalah gelanggang yang hanya mempunyai satu ideal maksimal. Ideal prim suatu gelanggang dapat dipakai untuk mencari gelanggang local dan dapat juga dipakai untuk membentuk gelanggang faktor. Sedangkan ideal maksimal dari gelanggang lokal dapat dipakai untuk membentuk gelanggang faktor lokal. Tulisan ini akan memaparkan secara lebih terperinci dan jelas, sehingga akan lebih mudah dimengerti, mengenai gelanggang faktor dan pembentukan isomorfisma antara gelanggang faktor dengan gelanggang faktor lokal.
Keywords: faktor , gelanggang lokal, maksimal, multiplikatif, ideal prim.


Analisis Konjoin Untuk Menilai Pembukaan Program Studi Statistika Di Universitas Syiah Kuala, Asep Rusyana, Nanny Salwa, Muzamil Muzamil Dec 2009

Analisis Konjoin Untuk Menilai Pembukaan Program Studi Statistika Di Universitas Syiah Kuala, Asep Rusyana, Nanny Salwa, Muzamil Muzamil

PYTHAGORAS : Jurnal Matematika dan Pendidikan Matematika

Analisis konjoin biasa digunakan untuk mengukur tingkat kesukaan responden terhadap suatu produk. Pada penelitian ini, analisis konjoin diterapkan untuk mengidentifikasi penilaian dosen terhadap rencana pembukaan Program Studi Statistika di FMIPA Unsyiah. Atribut-atribut yang dilibatkan adalah dosen, peminat, pengguna lulusan, ruang kuliah, dan laboratorium. Responden terdiri atas 40 orang dosen FMIPA Unsyiah. Pengambilan contoh menggunakan penarikan contoh acak berlapis. Jurusan Matematika, fisika, kimia, dan biologi adalah masing-masing lapisan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Ruangan adalah atribut yang paling penting untuk diperhatikan dan dosen FMIPA berpendapat bahwa ruangan kuliah kurang, pengguna lulusan banyak, dosen cukup, ruang laboratorium buruk, dan peminat kurang; sehingga kekurangannya …


Perbandingan Model Arima Dan Model Regresi Dengan Residual Arima Dalam Menerangkan Perilaku Pelanggan Listrik Di Kota Palopo, Alia Lestari Dec 2009

Perbandingan Model Arima Dan Model Regresi Dengan Residual Arima Dalam Menerangkan Perilaku Pelanggan Listrik Di Kota Palopo, Alia Lestari

PYTHAGORAS : Jurnal Matematika dan Pendidikan Matematika

Persediaan sumber daya energi di bumi ini semakin hari semakin menipis. Upaya penghematan energi merupakan salah satu usaha yang perlu dilakukan, termasuk melakukan penghematan penggunaan listrik. Oleh karena itu diperlukan suatu metode yang tepat untuk mengkaji perilaku pelanggan listrik. Dalam makalah ini akan dibandingkan model Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) dan model Regresi dengan residual ARIMA dalam menerangkan perilaku pelanggan listrik di Kota Palopo. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa model ARIMA lebih baik dari model Regresi dengan residual ARIMA.
Kata kunci : ARIMA, Regresi, Pelanggan Listrik


Integral Henstock-Stieltjes Fungsi Bernilai Vektor, Umi Mahnuna Hanung, Ch. Rini Indrati Dec 2009

Integral Henstock-Stieltjes Fungsi Bernilai Vektor, Umi Mahnuna Hanung, Ch. Rini Indrati

PYTHAGORAS : Jurnal Matematika dan Pendidikan Matematika

This paper discusses about the generalization of the Henstock-Stieltjes integral for vector-valued functions which are defined on a closed interval [a,b]Š‚R. The generalization has been done up to the existance of this integral.

Key words: Henstock-Stieltjes integral, vector-valued function and bounded function.


Pemodelan Regresi Zero Inflated Poisson (Aplikasi Pada Data Pekerja Seks Komersial Di Klinik Reproduksi Putat Jaya Surabaya), Alia Lestari, Purhadi Purhadi, Madu Ratna Dec 2009

Pemodelan Regresi Zero Inflated Poisson (Aplikasi Pada Data Pekerja Seks Komersial Di Klinik Reproduksi Putat Jaya Surabaya), Alia Lestari, Purhadi Purhadi, Madu Ratna

PYTHAGORAS : Jurnal Matematika dan Pendidikan Matematika

Dalam menganalisis hubungan antara beberapa variabel, terdapat sejumlah fenomena dimana variabel responsnya berbentuk biner ataupun berbentuk diskrit. Fenomena dimana variabel responsnya berbentuk diskrit tapi tidak biner, biasanya dianalisis dengan Regresi Poisson. Namun demikian dalam kasus tertentu sering dihadapi suatu peristiwa yang sangat jarang terjadi atau responsnya mempunyai data nol yang sangat banyak, sehingga analisis dengan pendekatan distribusi Poisson seringkali tidak lagi memberikan kesimpulan yang tepat.
Pada penelitian ini akan dikaji suatu metode untuk mengatasi banyaknya respons bernilai nol yang telah dikembangkan oleh Lambert (1992) yaitu Regresi Zero-Inflated Poisson (ZIP). Estimasi parameter model ini menggunakan Algoritma EM dan pengujian hipotesisnya menggunakan …


Suatu Kajian Analitis Pada Sistem Persamaan Air Dangkal, Sudi Mungkasi Dec 2009

Suatu Kajian Analitis Pada Sistem Persamaan Air Dangkal, Sudi Mungkasi

PYTHAGORAS : Jurnal Matematika dan Pendidikan Matematika

Makalah ini mengkaji sistem persamaan air dangkal secara analitis. Dua bentuk sistem persamaan air dangkal dibuktikan ekuivalen. Sifat hiperbolik, karakteristik, gelombang sederhana, pertidaksamaan entropi, dan gelombang shock dipaparkan.

Kata kunci : persamaan air dangkal, sistem hiperbolik, gelombang sederhana,pertidaksamaan entropi, gelombang shock


Partial Least Squares (Pls) Generalized Linear Dalam Regresi Logistik, Retno Subekti Dec 2009

Partial Least Squares (Pls) Generalized Linear Dalam Regresi Logistik, Retno Subekti

PYTHAGORAS : Jurnal Matematika dan Pendidikan Matematika

Kasus multikolinieritas seringkali dijumpai dalam regresi yang mengakibatkan salah interpretasi model regresi yang terbentuk. Seperti halnya dalam regresi linear, dalam regresi logistik kasus multikolinearitas juga dapat menjadi masalah, karena adanya korelasi yang cukup tinggi antara variabel prediktornya. Sehingga untuk mengatasi masalah seperti ini, akan digambarkan aplikasi prosedur partial least squares terhadap suatu kasus regresi logistik khususnya dalam contoh kasus makalah ini adalah regresi logistik ordinal.

Kata kunci : Partial Least Square generalized linier , multikolinieritas, regresi logistik


Syarat Fritz John Pada Masalah Optimasi Berkendala Ketaksamaan, Caturiyati Caturiyati Dec 2009

Syarat Fritz John Pada Masalah Optimasi Berkendala Ketaksamaan, Caturiyati Caturiyati

PYTHAGORAS : Jurnal Matematika dan Pendidikan Matematika

Syarat-syarat optimasi masalah optimasi berkendala merupakan perluasan syarat-syarat optimasi masalah optimasi tak berkendala. Pada paper ini diuraikan syarat Fritz John yang merupakan perluasan syarat optimasi masalah optimasi tak berkendala untuk menyelesaikan masalah optimasi berkendala.

Kata kunci : syarat Fritz John, masalah optimasi berkendala, masalah optimasi tak berkendala


Pemodelan Inventory Dengan Dua Gudang Penyimpanan Untuk Barang Yang Mengalami Penyusutan Dengan Backlog Shortage Sebagian Dan Lead Time Fuzzy, Dwi Ertiningsih, Widodo Widodo Dec 2009

Pemodelan Inventory Dengan Dua Gudang Penyimpanan Untuk Barang Yang Mengalami Penyusutan Dengan Backlog Shortage Sebagian Dan Lead Time Fuzzy, Dwi Ertiningsih, Widodo Widodo

PYTHAGORAS : Jurnal Matematika dan Pendidikan Matematika

Adanya kebijakan optimalisasi inventory yang diambil sebuah perusahaan atau retailer untuk barang yang mengalami penyusutan dengan ketidakpastian waktu tunggu (lead time) sampai barang selesai diproduksi atau pesanan datang, adanya Backlog Shortage sebagian atau penuh, dan tingkat permintaan bergantung harga dikembangkan dalam sistem dua gudang yang masing-masing sebagai gudang penjualan (display) atau tempat transaksi barang dan gudang tempat penyimpanan jika barang yang diproduksi atau dibeli tidak cukup ditempatkan di gudang penjualan. Tujuan perusahaan atau retailer mempunyai dua gudang penyimpanan adalah untuk mengoptimalkan keuntungan rata-rata jika memproduksi atau membeli barang dalam jumlah besar. Perusahaan atau retailer mempunyai satu gudang dengan kapasitas terbatas …


Analisis Regresi Logistik Ordinal Untuk Mengetahui Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Status Gizi Balita Nelayan Kecamatan Bulak Surabaya, Destri Susilaningrum, Citra Elok Megahardiyani Dec 2009

Analisis Regresi Logistik Ordinal Untuk Mengetahui Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Status Gizi Balita Nelayan Kecamatan Bulak Surabaya, Destri Susilaningrum, Citra Elok Megahardiyani

PYTHAGORAS : Jurnal Matematika dan Pendidikan Matematika

Keadaan gizi balita di Indonesia belum seluruhnya memenuhi kriteria baik, salah satunya adalah di kecamatan Bulak Surabaya. Standart penilaian status gizi di Indonesia menggunakan aturan WHO-NCHS, melalui nilai Zscore yang merupakan salah satu indikator antropometeri yaitu pengukuran berat badan berdasarkan umur (BB/U). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik ibu dan balita nelayan serta menentukan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi status gizi balita nelayan di Kecamatan Bulak Surabaya. Metode yang digunakan adalah statistik deskriptif dan analisis regresi logistik ordinal. Hasil analisis yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa karakterstik ibu balita nelayan di kecamatan Bulak Surabaya 66% berpendidikan tidak tamat SMP, 67% usia ibu menikah ‰¤ …


Performance Of Dmt-Based Liquefaction Evaluation Methods On Case Histories Of Chi-Chi Earthquake, Gordon Tung-Chin Kung, Der-Her Lee, Pai-Hsiang Tsai Dec 2009

Performance Of Dmt-Based Liquefaction Evaluation Methods On Case Histories Of Chi-Chi Earthquake, Gordon Tung-Chin Kung, Der-Her Lee, Pai-Hsiang Tsai

Journal of Marine Science and Technology

This study examines two recently-developed DMT-based methods, one CRR7.5-KD boundary curve and one CRR7.5-ED boundary curve, for evaluating the liquefaction resistance of soils using in-situ test data. The collected data consist of a number of liquefied and non-liquefied case histories, which were performed shortly after the disastrous Chi-Chi earthquake in 1999. The results of examining the CRR7.5-KD and CRR7.5-ED boundary curves showed that both curves are capable of accurately estimating the liquefaction resistance of soils and thus the liquefaction potential of soils. The developed DMT-based methods therefore have the potential to be an alternative to the existing procedure of liquefaction …


Aerosol Optical Depth Retrieval For Spot Hrv Images, Chien-Hui Liu, Gin-Rong Liu Dec 2009

Aerosol Optical Depth Retrieval For Spot Hrv Images, Chien-Hui Liu, Gin-Rong Liu

Journal of Marine Science and Technology

Atmospheric aerosol is an important factor of the Earth’s radiation budget. The aerosol optical depth (AOD) is also the key parameter in generating surface products from remotely sensed data. An image-based retrieval algorithm of aerosol characteristics and surface reflectance is used to retrieve the AOD from SPOT satellite images in this paper. The accuracy of retrieved AOD is assessed using sunphotometer measurements. SPOT satellite images in Jhongli , Taoyuan county are used to testify the algorithm. The results show that the rootmean-square error (RMSE) of the retrieved AOD at 0.55 µm is 0.10. Over the range of measured AOD 0.08~0.34, …


Unsteady Motions Of Separated Shear Layer In Wake Flow Due To Upstream Disturbance, Chin-Tsan Wang, Jun-Ji Miau, Cheng Kuang Shaw Dec 2009

Unsteady Motions Of Separated Shear Layer In Wake Flow Due To Upstream Disturbance, Chin-Tsan Wang, Jun-Ji Miau, Cheng Kuang Shaw

Journal of Marine Science and Technology

The phenomenon of physical wake flow is complex and remains relatively unknown, especially for the relationship between the span-wise motions of separated shear layers and low frequency variations embedded in the vortex shedding process of upstream disturbances. In this study experiments were executed by situating a mesh grid and controlling cylinder upstream. Results showed that the integral time scale of the span-wise motions for a separated shear layer was close to that of the low frequency variations for an upstream disturbance. This evidence supports the idea that span-wise motions of a separated shear layer and the low frequency variations should …


An Enduring Technology: The Horse Logging Tradition In Maine, James E. Passanisi Dec 2009

An Enduring Technology: The Horse Logging Tradition In Maine, James E. Passanisi

Maine History

No abstract provided.


Minerva 2009, The Honors College Dec 2009

Minerva 2009, The Honors College

Minerva

This issue of Minerva includes a story on alumna Betsy Leitch and her husband Bill Leitch, Betsy's connection to Colvin Hall, and their ongoing support of Honors; an article about Colvin Hall renovations and the opening of the Margaret Chase Smith Visiting Faculty Suite; and an interview with Pulitzer Prize-winning Honors graduate, Bettina Boxall. Other highlights include the story of Honors graduate Adam Jones and his involvement in saving the USS Alabama.