Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Method Of Solubilizing Shortened Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes In Organic Solutions, Robert C. Haddon, Jian Chen

Chemistry Faculty Patents

Naked single-walled nanotube carbon metals and semiconductors were dissolved in organic solutions by derivatization with SOCl₂ and octadecylamine charge. Both ionic (charge transfer) and covalent solution phase chemistry with concomitant modulation of the single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) band structure were demonstrated. Solution phase near-IR spectroscopy was used to study the effects of chemical modifications on the band gaps of the SWNTs. Reaction of solubilized SWNTs with dichlorocarbene led to functionalization of the nanotube walls.

Monitoring Subsurface Drainage Flow At Remote Locations, Stephen R. Workman, Stephen F. Higgins, Scott A. Shearer

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

Laboratory evaluations and field results are presented for a slotted weir used to measure discharge from subsurface drains. The head–discharge curve for the vertical slot is a simple power function with an exponent of 1.5. There was excellent agreement (r² > 0.99 and 1:1 slope) between predicted and observed discharge in laboratory testing of 12 test weirs representing five slot widths. The primary advantages of the vertical slot weir are its simplicity, ease of maintenance, and ability to measure small flow rates. Disadvantages include a tendency for the slot to close a small amount over time as a result of …

The Planetary Nebula A39: An Observational Benchmark For Numerical Modeling Of Photoionized Plasmas, George H. Jacoby, Gary J. Ferland, Kirk T. Korista

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

Galactic nebulae are the main probes for the chemical evolution of the interstellar medium. Yet, recent observations have shown that chemical abundances determined from recombination and collisionally excited emission lines can differ by as much as an order of magnitude in some planetary nebulae (PNs). Many PNs have complex geometries and morphological evidence for interactions from stellar winds, and it is not clear to what extent winds, inhomogeneities, or shocked gas affect the observed spectrum. There currently is no full explanation for this discrepancy, which brings into question whether we understand the physical state of these low-density plasmas at all. …

Determining Matric Stress With The Modified Cam Clay Energy Relationship, Richard A. Rohlf, Larry G. Wells

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

The stress generated by matric suction, or matric stress, was determined at points along the stress path with an analytical and experimental procedure based on the modified Cam clay energy relationship. Matric stress was found to be approximately constant at large strain for constant water content triaxial compression tests. Matric stress was included in both shear and volume relationships in a critical–state soil model that employed the modified Cam clay yield function. Shear was modeled with a constant matric stress. Slope of the normal compression and recompression lines was adjusted for matric stress using a state function that expressed matric …

Measurement And Interpretation Of Deuterium-Line Emission In The Orion Nebula, C. R. O'Dell, Gary J. Ferland, W. J. Henney

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

We present new observations of the deuterium and hydrogen Balmer lines in the Orion Nebula. There is a real variation in the deuterium-to-hydrogen line ratios across the nebula, being greatest in the emission from the largest proplyd (Orion 244-440). We also present the results of a detailed model for the emission of these lines, the hydrogen lines being the result of photoionization and recombination while the deuterium lines are produced by fluorescent excitation of the upper energy states by the far-UV radiation from θ¹ Ori C. Comparison of the observations and predictions of the line intensities shows good agreement, …

Pride Water Quality Assessment Report: Iv. Nutrient Assessment, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

KWRRI Research Reports

The efficient utilization of federal funds in improving the water quality and aquatic habitat of the region requires a mechanism for assessing and evaluating the impacts of the proposed and ongoing projects as well as some mechanism for prioritizing the allocation of additional funds. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of these projects it is important to provide a formal monitoring and assessment program based on sound scientific principles. This report provides an initial 10 year baseline assessment of the existing water quality conditions in the 40 county PRIDE region for the purpose of evaluating the impacts of the PRIDE …

Fractal Quasar Clouds, Mark Bottorff, Gary J. Ferland

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

This paper examines whether a fractal cloud geometry can reproduce the emission-line spectra of active galactic nuclei (AGNs). The nature of the emitting clouds is unknown, but many current models invoke various types of magnetohydrodynamic confinement. Recent studies have argued that a fractal distribution of clouds, in which subsets of clouds occur in self-similar hierarchies, is a consequence of such confinement. Whatever the confinement mechanism, fractal cloud geometries are found in nature and may be present in AGNs too. We first outline how a fractal geometry can apply at the center of a luminous quasar. Scaling laws are derived that …

Alfalfa As A Cash Hay Crop, John Nowak

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

Over the years we have all learned of the great potential alfalfa has as a forage crop in Kentucky. We have seen it used as hay, haylage and even pasture. Many aspects of our agri-business community have alfalfa as an important part of their business.

Alfalfa For Beef Cattle, W. Roy Burris

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

Alfalfa is sometimes said to be "too good" for beef cattle. Although it's nutritional value may sometimes exceed beef cows' needs, to dismiss it's potential for beef cattle would be a mistake. Alfalfa can be useful as a harvested feed or as a grazing crop.

Alfalfa For Dairy Cattle, Donna M. Amaral-Phillips

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

Alfalfa is known as the queen of the forage crops and for good reasons. Alfalfa is an excellent forage for dairy cattle because it provides nutrients needed by dairy cows in a package which is highly digestible and cost effective. Alfalfa can be grazed directly by cattle or harvested as hay, haylage, or batage. Dairy farmers will purchase locally-grown hay if it is high quality (RFV greater than 150). When marketing cash hay one needs to understand that the quality of alfalfa greatly impacts milk production and economics of a dairy operation. This impact is felt even when as little …

Alfalfa Hay For Horses, Laurie Lawrence

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

Horse owners frequently mention cleanliness, color and cutting when it comes to choosing hay. Cleanliness should be the most important factor in selecting horse hay. Hay that contains dust or mold can inflame the respiratory tract. It is also possible for hay mold to affect other systems in the horse such as the digestive system and liver. Some horses suffer from a chronic respiratory condition that seriously impairs their ability to breathe normally. This condition, commonly known as heaves, worsens when horses are fed moldy or dusty hay. Horses with heaves are exercise intolerant and thus have little value except …

Reducing The Risk Of Bloat, Patty Scharko

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

Bloat refers to excessive accumulation of gas in the rumen. Bloat results when an animal can not eructate or "belch up" gases produced in the process of rumen fermentation. The gas may be in the free form or may be mixed with rumen contents in the form of froth. It occurs both on pasture and in feedlots and can be a major cause of death in cattle wherever intensive farming is practiced. Additional losses can include decreased milk production and reduced rate of gain. Although legumes may increase the opportunity for bloat to occur, fear of bloat should not keep …

Grazing Alfalfa: Is It Right For You?, Jimmy C. Henning

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

Grazing alfalfa can be a very profitable and valuable practice for many Kentucky farmers. How do you know if this practice will work for you? First, you must be able to grow alfalfa. Second, you must address the concerns that are specific to grazing alfalfa.

Establishing Alfalfa Using No-Till Techniques, Gary Bates

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

There have been many changes in agriculture over the fast 50 years. One of the greatest has been the use of no-tiff planting methods. The development of drill and herbicides has made no-till seedings as successful as seeding into prepared land.

Am-Pm Cutting Of Alfalfa, Garry D. Lacefield, Michael Collins, Jimmy C. Henning

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

Over the past twenty years of this Conference we have spent considerable time discussing "Alfalfa Harvest Management." We have discussed the importance of stage of maturity and its impact on quality on many occasions. We have presented research on many aspects of hay and haylage management. An overall theme for all the discussions has been "harvest for quality," with emphasis on saving the leaves during the entire harvesting process. Our recommendations have, are, and will continue to be centered around those management practices that will result in the greatest opportunity for preserving alfalfa quality from standing crop to feeding. This …

Can We Follow Alfalfa With Alfalfa?, Monroe Rasnake

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

The question of how soon alfalfa can safely be reseeded following an old stand of alfalfa has been debated for many years. It has been a topic of the Kentucky Alfalfa Conference on at least two other occasions (Rasnake, 1995; Rasnake 1999). Recent research has attempted to determine what causes the problem, how it is affected by soil conditions, and whether the problem can be reduced through plant breeding. This paper will review some of the research.

Foreword [2001], Garry D. Lacefield

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

This is the front matter of the proceedings.

Solubilizing Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes By Direct Reaction With Amines And Alkylaryl Amines, Robert C. Haddon, Jian Chen

Chemistry Faculty Patents

Naked single-walled nanotube carbon metals and semiconductors are dissolved in organic solutions by direct functionalization with amines or alkylaryl amines having an uninterrupted carbon chain of at least 5 and more preferably 9 carbon atoms in length.

Letcher County Water Quality Assessment, L. Ormsbee, E. Zechman

Kentucky River Watershed Watch

No abstract provided.

Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute Annual Technical Report Fy 2000, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky

KWRRI Annual Technical Reports (USGS’s 104b Grant Program)

The FY 2000 Annual Technical Report for Kentucky consolidates the reporting requirements of the Section 104(b) base grant and previous regional competitive grant awards in a single technical report that includes: 1) a synopsis of each ongoing research project and each project completed during the period, 2) a list of related reports published, 3) a description of information transfer activities, 4) a summary of student support during the reporting period, and 5) notable achievements and awards during the year.

2000 Kentucky River Watershed Watch Data Collection Effort, L. Ormsbee, E. Zechman

Kentucky River Watershed Watch

No abstract provided.

Generalized Block Diagram Of The Inner Bluegrass Karst, James C. Currens

Map and Chart--KGS

Karst occurs where limestone or other soluble bedrock is near the earth's surface, and fractures in the rock become enlarged when the rock dissolves. Sinkholes and sinking streams are two surface features that indicate karst development. In karst areas most rainfall sinks underground, resulting in fewer streams flowing on the surface than in non-karst settings. Instead of flowing on the surface, the water flows underground through caves, sometimes reemerging at karst windows, then sinks again to eventually discharge at a base-level spring along a major stream or at the top of an impermeable strata. The development of karst features is …

Generalized Block Diagram Of The Western Pennyroyal Karst, James C. Currens

Map and Chart--KGS

Karst occurs where limestone or other soluble bedrock is near the earth's surface, and fractures in the rock become enlarged when the rock dissolves. Sinkholes and sinking streams are two surface features that indicate karst development. In karst areas most rainfall sinks underground, resulting in fewer streams flowing on the surface than in non-karst settings. Instead of flowing on the surface, the water flows underground through caves, sometimes reemerging at karst windows, then sinks again to eventually discharge at a base-level spring along a major stream or at the top of an impermeable strata. The development of karst features is …

Generalized Block Diagram Of The Eastern Pennyroyal Karst, James C. Currens

Map and Chart--KGS

Karst occurs where limestone or other soluble bedrock is near the earth's surface, and fractures in the rock become enlarged when the rock dissolves. Sinkholes and sinking streams are two surface features that indicate karst development. In karst areas most rainfall sinks underground, resulting in fewer streams flowing on the surface than in non-caves, sometimes reemerging at karst windows, then sinks again to eventually discharge at a base-level spring along a major stream or at the top of an impermeable strata. The development of karst features is influenced by the type of soluble rock and how it has been broken …

Generalized Block Diagram Of The Pine Mountain Karst, James C. Currens

Map and Chart--KGS

Karst occurs where limestone or other soluble bedrock is near the earth's surface, and fractures in the rock become enlarged when the rock dissolves. Sinkholes and sinking streams are two surface features that indicate karst development. In karst areas most rainfall sinks underground, resulting in fewer streams flowing on the surface than in non-karst settings. Instead of flowing on the surface, the water flows underground through caves to eventually discharge at a base-level spring along a major stream or at the top of an impermeable strata. The development of karst features is influenced by the type of soluble rock and …

Protect Kentucky's Karst Aquifers From Nonpoint-Source Pollution, James C. Currens

Map and Chart--KGS

No abstract provided.

Illustrated Physiographic Diagram Of Kentucky, Kentucky Geological Survey

Map and Chart--KGS

No abstract provided.

Karst Occurrence In Kentucky, Randall L. Paylor, James C. Currens

Map and Chart--KGS

This map was compiled from a digital version of the 1:500,000-scale geologic map of Kentucky (Noger, M.C., comp., 1988, Geologic map of Kentucky: U.S. Geological Survey). The areas of potential karst development were delineated using stratigraphic units mapped on the geological map. The classification of the potential for karst development was based on the field experience of the authors and other data. A number of isolate carbonated unites that would not have otherwise been differentiated on the geologic map were newly digitized for this map.

Coal Availability In Western Kentucky, Gerald A. Weisenfluh, William M. Andrews Jr., Robert E. Andrews, John K. Hiett

Report of Investigations--KGS

Fourteen quadrangles in five separate areas of the Western Kentucky Coal Field were studied to determine what factors affect the availability of coal for mining. Each study area consisted of at least two adjacent 7.5-minute quadrangles in order to account for the geologic variability across broad distances in western Kentucky, and determine how this variability affects availability. Areas both north and south of the Rough Creek Fault System were selected to measure the effect of different geologic, structural, and overburden settings on coal availability. The study emphasized the coals occurring stratigraphically between the Springfield and the Baker.

About 90 percent …

Hydrogeologic Conditions Around Deep Aeration Lagoons At The Bardstown Wastewater Treatment Plant, David R. Wunsch, Gregory L. Secrist, Lyle V.A. Sendlein

Report of Investigations--KGS

The hydrogeologic conditions around the Bardstown Sewage Treatment Plant were studied from August 1996 through December 1997. Hydraulic and geochemical data were collected from eight monitoring wells and four surface-water monitoring sites on the plant property.

There is a large hydraulic gradient between the lagoons at the plant and the surrounding stream, Town Creek. Initial water-level measurements in wells surrounding the site suggest no major leakage from the lagoons, however. Neither flowing artesian conditions nor unusually high water levels were observed in any of the wells. Water-level measurements collected by data loggers showed that shallow wells responded quickly to recharge, …