Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Software Quality Function Deployment, Xiaoqing Frank Liu

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Any product development involves projecting its potential success in achieving its functional and commercial goals. Better quality designs that match customer needs and preferences and integrate other lifecycle issues early in the software development process are more likely to be competitive. Thus, there is significant concern in industry about quality product design, which is addressed by quality function deployment (QFD). QFD uses matrices to organize and relate pieces of data to each other. These matrices are often combined to form a basic tool of QFD, called a House of Quality (HoQ). QFD was developed in the Kobe shipyards as a …

Binary Condensation In A Supersonic Nozzle, Barbara Ellen Wyslouzil, Christopher H. Heath, Janice L. Cheung, Gerald Wilemski

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We present data from the first systematic studies of binary condensation in supersonic nozzles. The apparatus used to conduct the experiments is described in detail, and the important issues of stability and reproducibility of the experiments are discussed. Experiments were conducted with water, ethanol, propanol, and binary mixtures of these compounds. Onset was determined in the temperature range of 190-215 K, and for each mixture composition the pressures of the condensible species at an onset temperature of 207 K were determined. For the ideal ethanol-propanol mixtures, the onset pressures at constant temperature vary almost linearly between those of the pure …

Cerium Liii-Edge X-Ray Absorption Study Of The Ceₓfe4-YCoYSb₁₂ Skutterudites, Fernande Grandjean, Gary J. Long, Robert Cortès, Donald T. Morelli, Gregory P. Meisner

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The cerium L_III-edge x-ray absorption near-edge spectra of the Ce_xFe_4-yCo_ySb₁₂ compounds have been obtained at 295 K and unambiguously indicate that cerium is in the 4f¹ electronic ground state for all values of 0.22≤x≤0.98 and 0.0≤y≤3.5. This stable trivalent state of cerium is in agreement with the proposed (CeFe₄Sb₁₂) _1-α(Co₄Sb₁₂)α, solid solution structure, in which the cerium atoms are always surrounded by twelve antimony first neighbors and six iron second neighbors, the observed magnetic properties of CeFe₄Sb₁₂ and …

Second-Harmonic And Sum-Frequency Imaging Of Organic Nanocrystals With Photon Scanning Tunneling Microscope, Yuzhen Shen, Jacek Swiatkiewicz, Jeffrey G. Winiarz, Przemyslaw P. Markowicz, Paras N. Prasad

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Second-harmonic generation and sum-frequency generation with photon scanning tunneling microscopy and shear-force detection are used to map the nonlinear optical response and the surface topograph of N-(4-nitrophenyl)-(L)-prolinol crystals with a subdiffraction-limited resolution. The domain-size dependence of the spatial feature is obtained, which shows the local orientational distribution of the optical near field radiated by nonlinear nanocrystals and reveals the difference between nanoscopic and macroscopic second-order optical nonlinearities of molecular crystals.

Transport Anomalies And Marginal Fermi-Liquid Effects At A Quantum Critical Point, Dietrich Belitz, Theodore R. Kirkpatrick, Rajesh S. Narayanan, Thomas Vojta

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

The conductivity and the tunneling density of states of disordered itinerant electrons in the vicinity of a ferromagnetic transition at low temperature are discussed. Critical fluctuations lead to nonanalytic frequency and temperature dependencies that are distinct from the usual long-time tail effects in a disordered Fermi liquid. The crossover between these two types of behavior is proposed as an experimental check of recent theories of the quantum ferromagnetic critical behavior. In addition, the quasiparticle properties at criticality are shown to be those of a marginal Fermi liquid.

Detection Of Solid Pigment In Dermatoscopy Images Using Texture Analysis, Murali Anantha, William V. Stoecker, Randy Hays Moss

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Background/aims: Epiluminescence microscopy (ELM), also known as dermoscopy or dermatoscopy, is a non-invasive, in vivo technique, that permits visualization of features of pigmented melanocytic neoplasms that are not discernable by examination with the naked eye. ELM offers a completely new range of visual features. One such feature is the solid pigment, also called the blotchy pigment or dark structureless area. Our goal was to automatically detect this feature and determine whether its presence is useful in distinguishing benign from malignant pigmented lesions.

Methods: Here, a texture-based algorithm is developed for the detection of solid pigment. The factors d and a …

Mössbauer Spectral Study Of The Magnetic Properties Of Ce₂Fe₁₇Hₓ (X=0, 1, 2, 3, 4, And 5), Dimitri Hautot, Gary J. Long, Fernande Grandjean, Olivier Isnard

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Mössbauer spectra of Ce₂Fe₁₇H_x, where x=0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, have been measured and analyzed between 4.2 and 295 K. Because Ce₂Fe₁₇ exhibits a helical magnetic order between 225 and 90 K and a fan magnetic order below 90 K, its Mössbauer spectra were fit with a distribution of hyperfine fields and θ angles for four of the eight magnetically inequivalent sites. Because the hydrides exhibit a magnetization within the basal plane of the hexagonal cell, their Mössbauer spectra were fit with seven sextets. The four isomer shifts …

Resummation Of Nonalternating Divergent Perturbative Expansions, Ulrich D. Jentschura

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

A method for the resummation of a nonalternating divergent perturbation series is described. The procedure constitutes a generalization of the Borel-Padã method. Of crucial importance is a special integration contour in the complex plane. Nonperturbative imaginary contributions can be inferred from the purely real perturbative coefficients. A connection is drawn from the quantum field theoretic problem of resummation to divergent perturbative expansions in other areas of physics.

Ionization Of Hydrogen Atoms By Fast Electrons, Sindu P. Jones, Don H. Madison

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We study ionization of atomic hydrogen by fast electrons using asymptotically correct two-center wave functions to describe the scattering system both initially and finally. For the final state, we employ the well-known product wave function of Redmond, which treats all three two-body Coulomb interactions exactly, albeit independently. This "3C" wave function is the leading term of the exact scattering wave function, regardless of how slow the three particles are, if any two particles have large relative separation [Y.E. Kim and A.L. Zubarev, Phys. Rev. A 56, 521 (1997)]. Here we extend the analysis of Qiu et al. [Phys. Rev. A …

Concept Of Local Polaritons And Optical Properties Of Mixed Polar Crystals, Lev I. Deych, Alexey Yamilov, Alexander A. Lisyansky

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

The concept of local polaritons is used to describe the optical properties of mixed crystals in the frequency region of their restrahlen band. It is shown that this concept allows for a physically transparent explanation of the presence of weak features in the spectra of so-called one-mode crystals and for one-two mode behavior. The previous models Were able to explain these features only with the use of many fitting parameters. We show that under certain Conditions new impurity-induced polariton modes may arise within the restrahlen of the host crystals, and study their dispersion laws and density of states. Particularly, we …

Reply To "Comment On 'Mössbauer Effect Study Of Filled Antimonide Skutterudites'", Gary J. Long, Gary J. Long, Dimitri Hautot, Fernande Grandjean, Donald T. Morelli, Gregory P. Meisner

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The temperature dependence of the isomer shift of α-iron between 4.2 and 990 K and of Dy₃Fe₅O₁₂ between 4.2 and 550 K has been analyzed in terms of the Debye model for the second-order Doppler shift, a model in which an additional parameter, the effective vibrating mass, is included. This mass is found equal to 57 g/mol in the ionic compound, Dy₃Fe₅O₁₂, and equal to 60 g/mol in metallic α-iron. The deviation of this mass from 57 g/mol is a measure of the covalency of the metallic bonding in …

Resummation Of Qed Perturbation Series By Sequence Transformations And The Prediction Of Perturbative Coefficients, Ulrich D. Jentschura, Jens Becher, Ernst Joachim Weniger, Gerhard Soff

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We propose a method for the resummation of divergent perturbative expansions in quantum electrodynamics and related field theories. The method is based on a nonlinear sequence transformation and uses as input data only the numerical values of a finite number of perturbative coefficients. The results obtained in this way are for alternating series superior to those obtained using Padé approximants. The nonlinear sequence transformation fulfills an accuracy-through-order relation and can be used to predict perturbative coefficients. In many cases, these predictions are closer to available analytic results than predictions obtained using the Padé method.

Short-Pulse Laser-Induced Stabilization Of Autoionizing States, Heider N. Ereifej, J. Greg Story

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Atoms in doubly excited states above the first ionization limit can decay via autoionization in which an electron is emitted leaving an ion, or by photoemission which leaves the atom in a singly excited state. In this paper, it is demonstrated that interaction between the atoms and a laser pulse that is short compared to the autoionization lifetime can lead to large enhancement of the photoemission process by stimulating the atoms to emit a photon. Since the resultant singly excited atoms do not autoionize, this process can be viewed as an enhancement of the stabilization of the doubly excited atoms …

Observation Of Stratospheric Ozone Depletion Associated With Delta Ii Rocket Emissions, Martin N. Ross, Darin W. Toohey, W. T. Rawlins, E. C. Richard, K. K. Kelly, A. F. Tuck, M. H. Proffitt, Donald E. Hagen, Alfred R. Hopkins, Philip D. Whitefield, J. R. Benbrook, W. R. Sheldon

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Ozone, chlorine monoxide, methane, and submicron particulate concentrations were measured in the stratospheric plume wake of a Delta II rocket powered by a combination of solid (NH₄ClO₄/Al) and liquid (LOX/kerosene) propulsion systems. We apply a simple kinetics model describing the main features of gas-phase chlorine reactions in solid propellant exhaust plumes to derive the abundance of total reactive chlorine in the plume and estimate the associated cumulative ozone loss. Measured ozone loss during two plume encounters (12 and 39 minutes after launch) exceeded the estimate by about a factor of about two. Insofar as only the …

Direct Measurement Of Oscillations Between Degenerate Two-Electron Bound-State Configurations In A Rapidly Autoionizing System, Heider N. Ereifej, J. Greg Story

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

In this paper we report a direct observation of the oscillation between bound-state configurations in a rapidly autoionizing system. Calcium atoms were excited to a pure 4p_3/2nd two-electron configuration using a 500-fsec laser pulse. The initial 4p_3/2nd doubly excited state is energy degenerate with the 4p_1/2n'd states and several continuum channels. Because of the short-pulse excitation, the initial state of the atom is not an energy eigenstate, but a nonstationary wave packet. As a result, oscillations between the two bound configurations were produced. These oscillations were measured by scanning the timing of a second …

Openness Of Induced Projections, J. J. Charatonik, W. J. Charatonik, Alejandro Illanes

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Research & Creative Works

For continua X and Y it is shown that if the projection f : X x Y ->X has its induced mapping C(f) open, then X is C*-smooth. As a corollary, a characterization of dendrites in these terms is obtained.

Calibration Of Optical Digital Fragmentation Measuring Systems, Norbert H. Maerz, Wei Zhou

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Optical granulometry systems like WipFrag are required to measure fragments in situ. That is to say, the fragments are in piles where sorting takes place, where fragments are partially overlapped, and where fines may not be seen because they fall in and behind the coarser fragments, or where the fines are simply too small to be seen. As a result, optical systems tend typically to overestimate the size of the distribution, and underestimate the variability of the distribution. The wider the size distribution being measured, the more severe the problem is. This paper presents the results of a study that …

The Atomic And Magnetic Structure Of Ndmn(₆₋ₓ)Feₓge₆ Solid Solutions, J. Han, G. K. Marasinghe, William Joseph James, Muguo Chen, William B. Yelon, I. Dubenko, Naushad Ali

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The magnetic and crystallographic properties of induction-melted NdMn_(6-x)Fe_xGe₆ intermetallics (x = 0, 1.0, and 1.5) in the temperature range of 30-475 K have been studied by x-ray and neutron diffraction techniques and SQUID measurements. All of the samples crystallized in the YCo₆Ge₆-type structure (P6/mmm). A small amount ( < 5 mol%) of Nd(MnFe)₂Ge₂ is present as an impurity. As expected, iron replaces manganese at the 3g site. The unit cell volume decreases slightly with increasing iron content at an average rate of 1.3% per substituted atom. Lattice parameters a and c contract at …

A Magnetic And Crystallographic Study Of (Sm/Gd)₂(Fe/Si)₁₇CZ Solid Solutions, Peter C. Ezekwenna, G. K. Marasinghe, J. H. Nam, William Joseph James, William B. Yelon, M. Ellouze, Ph. I'Héritier

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The crystallographic and magnetic properties of Sm_yGd_2-yFe_17-xSi_x (0 ≤ x ≤ 3 and y = 1 and 1.5) solid solutions and their interstitial carbides have been investigated using x-ray diffraction and magnetic measurements. The Sm_yGd_2-yFe_17-xSi_x samples crystallized in the rhombohedral Th₂Zn₁₇ structure with less than 5 mol % of impurities. The unit cells of the mixed rare-earth (R) samples are smaller than those of Sm₂Fe₁₇ and Gd₂Fe₁₇. The carbided samples contain up to a total of …

Annealed Disorder, Rare Regions, And Local Moments: A Novel Mechanism For Metal-Insulator Transitions, Dietrich Belitz, Theodore R. Kirkpatrick, Thomas Vojta

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

It is shown that, for noninteracting electron systems, annealed magnetic disorder leads to a new mechanism, and a new universality class, for a metal-insulator transition. The transition is driven by a vanishing of the thermodynamic density susceptibility rather than by localization effects. The critical behavior in d = 2 + ∈ dimensions is determined, and the underlying physics is discussed. It is further argued that annealed magnetic disorder, in addition to underlying quenched disorder, describes local magnetic moments in electronic systems.

Genuine Saddle Point And Nucleation Potential For Binary Systems, Jinsong Li, Igor L. Maksimov, Gerald Wilemski

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

A generalized nucleation potential is constructed for binary systems. The potential consists of the reversible work of cluster formation plus additional terms arising from various kinetic effects. We show that the major nucleation flux passes through the saddle point (termed the genuine saddle point) of this generalized nucleation potential. The generalized nucleation potential reduces to the kinetic potential of a unary system when one component vanishes. The genuine saddle point concept provides a convenient way to identify systems and conditions for which the ridge crossing phenomenon occurs. Our theory agrees approximately with exact numerical results.

Solid-State Deuterium Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Of The Methyl Dynamics Of Poly(Alpha-Methylstyrene) And Polymethylphenylsilane, Robert D. O'Connor, Eric J. Ginsburg, Frank D. Blum

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The methyl-d3 dynamics of two relatively similar polymers, poly(alpha-methylstyrene) (PAMS-d3) and polymethylphenylsilane (PMPS-d3), are investigated via deuterium NMR relaxation experiments. Our analysis of the relaxation data uses the entire solid-echo spectra to maximize the precision of the experiments with regard to the information available on the methyl dynamics. The analysis is novel in that it does not use M[infinity] or M0 to fit the relaxation data. Additionally, the three-site symmetric jump model is shown to not have an observable azimuthal angular dependence for T1 relaxation. The methyl dynamics are quantified with taum, sigma, and f which are the log-average correlation …

Sedimentology, Palynology, And Sea Level Fluctuations Recorded From Two Pennsylvanian Cores From Northwestern Missouri, Elizabeth J. Morris, Francisca Oboh-Ikuenobe

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Two cores from Buchanan and Andrew Counties in the Forest City Basin, northwestern Missouri, yielded approximately 1,200 feet of sedimentary rock deposited during the Pennsylvanian Period (approximately 300 million years ago), a period characterized by rapid fluctuations in sea level. The cores were logged from the Excello Formation in the Upper Desmoinesian Series upward to the Iatan Formation at the top of the Missourian Series. Lithofacies were identified from rock composition, grain size, color, bedding thickness, sedimentary structures, and fossils. Petrographic thin sections were taken from selected rock types and the results were used to complement the visual descriptions. Limestones …

A High Energy X-Ray And Neutron Scattering Study Of Iron Phosphate Glasses Containing Uranium, Mevlüt Karabulut, G. K. Marasinghe, C. S. Ray, Y. S. Badyal, M.-L. Saboungi, S. Shastri, D. Haeffner, George Daniel Waddill, D. E. Day

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The atomic structure of iron phosphate glasses containing uranium has been studied by complementary neutron and x-ray scattering techniques. by combining x-ray and neutron structure factors, detailed information about different pair interactions has been obtained. Most of the basic structural features such as coordination numbers and O-O and P-O distances in uranium containing glasses are the same as those in the base glass of batch composition 40Fe2O3-60P2O5 (mol %). However, the Fe-O distances change slightly with the addition of uranium. The observed structural parameters support a structural model in which the waste elements occupy voids in the Fe-O-P network, hence, …

4-Chloroacetophenone [1-(4-Methoxyphenyl)Ethylidene]Hydrazone, Michael A. Lewis, Charles Leslie Barnes, Rainer Glaser

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The crystal structure of the title mixed azine, C₁₇H₁₇CIN₂O, contains four independent molecules, A-D, and molecule B is disordered. All four molecules have an N-N gauche conformation, with C-N-N-C torsion angles of 136.5 (4), 137.0 (4), -134.7 (4) and -134.7 (4)°, respectively. The phenyl rings are also somewhat twisted with respect to the plane defined by C_ipso and the imine bond. On average, the combined effect of these twists results in an angle of 64.7° between the best planes of the two phenyl rings. Arene-arene double T-contacts are the dominant intermolecular interaction. The …

Conceptual Problems With Remote Element Synthesis, Oliver Manuel

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The notion of remote element synthesis has recently been modified to explain the presence of nucleogenetic isotopic anomalies and decay products of short-lived nuclides by injection of a small amount of exotic nucleogenetic material. Even with this modification, remote element synthesis seems inconsistent with the following observations: Evidence of coupled variations in the chemical and isotopic compositions of the source material for meteorites. Residual coupling of chemical and isotopic heterogeneities across planetary distances in the solar system today. The mass-fractionation relationship seen across isotopes of elements in the planetary system, in the solar wind, and in solar flares. Linkage of …

Photoelectron Diffraction Determination Of The Structure Of Ultrathin Vanadium Films On Cu(001), George Daniel Waddill, D. P. Moore, Osman Ozturk

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

X-ray photoelectron diffraction (XPD) and low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) have been used to study the structural properties of V thin films on Cu(001). For room-temperature growth, submonolayer coverages result in (1x1) LEED patterns that evolve to exhibit very diffuse (2x1) structure at approximately 1 monolayer coverage. We do not observe any V forward-focusing enhancements for V films that exhibit either the (1x1) or (2x1) structure, suggesting that these structures are limited to the first 1-2 vanadium layers. At coverages above 1 monolayer, the V films display complex LEED patterns characteristic of four bcc(110) domains. This structure persists to V coverages …

Dendrites And Light Open Mappings, J. J. Charatonik, W. J. Charatonik, Pawel Krupski

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Research & Creative Works

It is shown that a metric continuum X is a dendrite if and only if for every compact space Y and for every light open mapping f : Y ->f(Y ) such that X c f(Y ) there is a copy X1 of X in Y for which the restriction fjX1 : X1 ->X is a homeomorphism. Another characterization of dendrites in terms of continuous selections of multivalued functions is also obtained.

Observations Of Particulates Within The North Atlantic Flight Corridor: Polinat 2, September-October 1997, J. D. Paladino, Donald E. Hagen, Philip D. Whitefield, Alfred Raymond Hopkins, Otmar Schmid, M. R. Wilson, Hans Schlager, Peter Schulte

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper discusses particulate concentration and size distribution data gathered using the University of Missouri-Rolla Mobile Aerosol Sampling System (UMR-MASS), and used to investigate the southern extent of the eastern end of the North Atlantic Flight Corridor (NAFC) during project Pollution From Aircraft Emissions in the North Atlantic Flight Corridor/Subsonic Assessment (SASS) Ozone and Nitrogen Oxide Experiment (POLINAT 2/SONEX) from September 19 to October 23, 1997. The analysis presented in this paper focuses on "the corridor effect," or enhancement of pollutants by jet aircraft combustion events. To investigate the phenomena, both vertical and horizontal profiles of the corridor, and regions …

Creating Virtual 3-D Outcrop, Xueming Xu, Carlos L. V. Aiken, Janok P. Bhattacharya, Rucsandra M. Corbeanu, Kent C. Nielsen, George A. Mcmechan, Mohamed G. Abdel Salam

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Because of the high precision of present-day GPS and reflectorless laser technology, geologic information and remotely sensed data (i.e., seismic and GPR grids, wells) can be positioned accurately in 3-D and reconstructed as a virtual image. Hence, we have developed the “virtual outcrop” for applications that require knowledge about the 3-D spatial arrangements of rock types.