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1992

Theses and Major Papers

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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Restoration, Nourishment And Stabilization At Browning Beach, South Kingstown, Rhode Island, Robert Lee Gass Jan 1992

Restoration, Nourishment And Stabilization At Browning Beach, South Kingstown, Rhode Island, Robert Lee Gass

Theses and Major Papers

Browning Beach is situated on the south shore of Rhode Island just to the west of Matunick. Midway along the barrier beach connecting Green Hill Point and Matunick Point is a narrow strand separating Card's Pond from Block Island Sound. Five homes were built along this section of the barrier beach in the early 1930's. At that time, the homes were situated near the back property lines. Aerial photographs indicate the primary dune system was well established and densely vegetated. After sixty years of shoreline retreat, most of which has taken place in the last seventeen years, the primary dune …

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Merchant Vessel Crew Levels: An American Perspective, Douglas A. Nemeth Jan 1992

Merchant Vessel Crew Levels: An American Perspective, Douglas A. Nemeth

Theses and Major Papers

This paper, with an emphasis on policies of "effective manning," provides a critical appraisal on the issue of crew levels aboard large merchant vessels (those greater than 1,000 gross tons). Non-traditional approaches to crew organization and management are discussed. Special regard is made to addressing the various domestic and international laws, regulations, and conventions that pertain to ships' manning. The relationship between the seafarer and ships' safety is emphasized as it pertains to reduced crew size. It is argued that U.S. manning laws and regulations should be amended to permit not only smaller crews, but organizational changes aboard ship that …

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Achieving Total Compensation For Injuries To Coastal And Marine Resources: The Evolution Of Current Valuation And Compensation Methodologies, Marian Toon Mcphaul-Chester Jan 1992

Achieving Total Compensation For Injuries To Coastal And Marine Resources: The Evolution Of Current Valuation And Compensation Methodologies, Marian Toon Mcphaul-Chester

Theses and Major Papers

Economists have developed numerous theories to calculate the total value of natural resources. These methods have been developed and applied over the last two decades. They continue to be refined through application and critique. Resource economists monetarily quantify the values which humans attach to coastal and marine resources. These valuation theories are the subject of much controversy in natural resource damage litigation. An understanding of the evolution of these damage provisions from the early common law actions to the current statutory remedies is essential those involved in coastal planning, management and litigation. This paper reviews these economic theories and the …

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Contemporary Piracy And Maritime Terrorism: Towards An Effective International Legal Response, David L. Scott Jan 1992

Contemporary Piracy And Maritime Terrorism: Towards An Effective International Legal Response, David L. Scott

Theses and Major Papers

Piracy at sea has been a threat which has plagued the mariner since the earliest trading vessels took to the sea more than two thousand years ago. to those outside of the maritime community, the notion of piracy likely conjures up visions of Captain Kidd and Blackbeard, the sort of lifestyle, popularized in the Errol Flynn movies of the 1930x, which has long since passed into history. In reality, violence and robbery at sea is alive and well in certain geographic locations around the globe. In the past decade, the problem of pirate attack upon merchant vessels has become especially …

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The Americans With Disabilities Act Of 1990: Implications For The Manning, Operation And Construction Of U.S. Commercial Vessels, Steven M. Stancliff Jan 1992

The Americans With Disabilities Act Of 1990: Implications For The Manning, Operation And Construction Of U.S. Commercial Vessels, Steven M. Stancliff

Theses and Major Papers

The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 adds a new dimension to the body of anti discrimination law in the United States. Encompassing nearly all aspects of employment and public life, it has sent a shock wave of concern throughout the commercial vessels industry. Through examination of the Act's salient features and potential application to commercial vessel operation, manning, and construction, it is concluded that the Act's goals may be substantially achieved without additional risk or significant financial harm to shipowners. The requirements of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 are not considered to be inconsistent with a shipowner's …

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Harnessing Of Offshore And Deep Sea Fishery Resources In The Exclusive Economic Zone Of Sri Lanka, Ginigaddarage Piyasena Jan 1992

Harnessing Of Offshore And Deep Sea Fishery Resources In The Exclusive Economic Zone Of Sri Lanka, Ginigaddarage Piyasena

Theses and Major Papers

Sri Lanka declared her Exclusive Economic Zone in 1977, under Section 56 of the Maritime Zone Law No.22 of 1976. With this declaration she extended her jurisdiction over a 500,000 km of sea area as a coastal state. The acquisition of this vast sea area enables Sri Lanka to provide the most needed animal protein requirement of her population by harnessing the fishery resources available in the EEZ. This paper reviews the impact of the declaration of the Exclusive Economic Zone on the offshore and deep sea fish production in Sri Lanka from 1977 to 1990 especially in relation to …

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Netc Tank Farm Five Hazardous Waste Cleanup: An Investigation And Evaluation Of Cleanup Practices For Waste Oil Tanks At Netc, Newport, Ri, David J. Sisson Jan 1992

Netc Tank Farm Five Hazardous Waste Cleanup: An Investigation And Evaluation Of Cleanup Practices For Waste Oil Tanks At Netc, Newport, Ri, David J. Sisson

Theses and Major Papers

My intention in this paper is to focus on the "chronic" hazardous waste problem stemming from past disposal/storage practices. More specifically, to focus on two underground storage tanks at NETC which were used for the storage of hazardous waste (waste oil tanks). It is now common knowledge that old underground storage tanks throughout the country present a potential ground water contamination hazard which must be dealt with. Over the past decade naval installations have heightened their awareness of environmental responsibilities and implemented recycling programs for the disposal of paper, glass, etc. and have even established programs for fuel collection and …

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Marine Spill Response Corporation (Msrc): How It Hopes To Fill The Oil Recovery Requirements Of The Oil Pollution Act Of 1990, Gerald P. O'Reilly Jan 1992

Marine Spill Response Corporation (Msrc): How It Hopes To Fill The Oil Recovery Requirements Of The Oil Pollution Act Of 1990, Gerald P. O'Reilly

Theses and Major Papers

The establishment of Marine Spill Response Corporation (MSRC) is a direct outcome of OPA-90 which will have a substantial effect on domestic shipment, storage and traffic of oil. The ramifications of the law will be felt internationally and it has set a precedent for prevention of oil spills from tankers throughout the world. It will have a positive impact on the environment of the world. But it will be costly and the public will ultimately bear the burden of the environment impact.

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Fisheries Under The Extended Jurisdiction Of Sri Lanka, Hewawasan S.G. Fernando Jan 1992

Fisheries Under The Extended Jurisdiction Of Sri Lanka, Hewawasan S.G. Fernando

Theses and Major Papers

Fishing has been an important economic activity in Sri Lanka for generations. Firstly, the fisheries sector provides employment to a substantial portion of the population particularly in the coastal area. Secondly, it provides 65 percent of animal protein consumed by the people of Sri Lanka. Thirdly, the fishing industry has proved its capabilities as an earner of foreign exchange through the export of marine product such as prawns, lobsters and other varieties. In 1977 Sri Lanka declared its 200 miles Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) under the new regime for the Law of the Sea. The government of Sri Lanka formulated …

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The International Regulation Of The Maritime Transportation Of Hazardous Cargo, Philip M. Henry Jan 1992

The International Regulation Of The Maritime Transportation Of Hazardous Cargo, Philip M. Henry

Theses and Major Papers

This paper examines the subject of the international regulation of the maritime transport of hazardous cargo. For the scope of this paper, hazardous cargo includes all that material which is carried by vessels for market and as waste with the exception of oil. The study examines the trend of the regulatory process by reviewing the development of concern, international agreements, codes and the International Maritime Organization. It also provides a broad overview of international regulations governing the marine transportation of hazardous cargo and the prevention of pollution by hazardous cargo of the marine environment.

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Shipping Conferences: Their Future In The Face Of Political And Technological Changes, Timothy J. Helbling Jan 1992

Shipping Conferences: Their Future In The Face Of Political And Technological Changes, Timothy J. Helbling

Theses and Major Papers

Shipping conferences developed more than a century ago because a means was required to regulate the intense competition in the international shipping industry. This competition, which is natural, was intensified because of technological innovation, high capital investment, and overtonnage. This study is undertaken to show, through a discussion of the development of conferences, tools available for their use, and current political and technological environment in which they operate, that similar conditions still exist, and although the nature of the shipping industry has been experiencing major changes in technology and operations, the conference system still offers a viable forum for negotiating, …

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Effects Of The Hol Chan Marine Reserve (Belize) On Associated Coral Reef Finfish Populations, Pamela Barrick Baker Jan 1992

Effects Of The Hol Chan Marine Reserve (Belize) On Associated Coral Reef Finfish Populations, Pamela Barrick Baker

Theses and Major Papers

People throughout the Caribbean depend on fishery resources for subsistence and income. Overfishing is a concern in many areas and the need for resource management is apparent. Coral reef protected areas are being used to maintain sustainable tropical reef fisheries. This research examined the effectiveness of the Hol Chan marine Reserve (HCMR), Belize, in meeting fisheries management objectives. Fishes were surveyed within the HCMR and in a comparable non-protected site to examine changes in fish community structure over time in the HCMR and between protected and non-protected sites. Results show that abundance, mean length, biomass, and species richness of commercially …

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Rhode Island Marine Debris Pilot Project, Christina L. Beal Jan 1992

Rhode Island Marine Debris Pilot Project, Christina L. Beal

Theses and Major Papers

The Rhode Island Marine Debris Pilot Project was initiated in Newport, R.I. during the summer of 1991. The objective of the project was to decrease recreational boaters' contribution to marine debris. Two methods were used to achieve this goal. First, trash and recycling disposal facilities were increased around the harbor. Secondly, educational literature on the environmental consequences of marine debris, and the law that applies to overboard disposal, were distributed throughout the local marine community. The implementation of the pilot project led to a significant increase in the amount of debris brought ashore by boaters, and a decrease in the …

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Problems Of Fisheries Management On The Patagonian Shelf: A Decade After The 1982 Falklands (Malvinas) Conflict, Gustavo A. Bisbal Jan 1992

Problems Of Fisheries Management On The Patagonian Shelf: A Decade After The 1982 Falklands (Malvinas) Conflict, Gustavo A. Bisbal

Theses and Major Papers

The armed conflict between Argentina and Britain over the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) early in 1982, resulted in a confusing partition of the maritime area around these islands. The military strategies and policies developed by both countries during and after the war created an unclear situation regarding limits and jurisdictions, thus delaying managerial actions and regulation enforcement over the fishing resources of the area. Several foreign fishing fleets operating in the region at the time, took advantage of the lack of protective legislation and recognized authority, resulting in overfishing of species such as squid and hake. No significant control was …

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Mitigation Banking: A Potential Tool For Port Planners, Laura Kelley Jan 1992

Mitigation Banking: A Potential Tool For Port Planners, Laura Kelley

Theses and Major Papers

Mitigation banking has been used as a means of facilitating the permit process by removing the negotiation of appropriate mitigation for development from the confines of the permit process. A developer with frequent needs to mitigate for losses associated with Section 404 and Section 10 requirements may, using a mitigation bank, consolidate mitigation and in so doing, potentially reduce mitigation costs. As a result of route maintenance, as well as expansion requirements, ports were considered to be good candidates for sponsoring mitigation bank efforts. Port use of mitigation banking has not been as expected due to a lack of available …

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The Potential Loss Of Coastal Open Space Due To The Utilization Of Privately Owned Wastewater Treatment Facilities: A Case Study In Gloucester, Massachusetts, Eric W. Hutchins Jan 1992

The Potential Loss Of Coastal Open Space Due To The Utilization Of Privately Owned Wastewater Treatment Facilities: A Case Study In Gloucester, Massachusetts, Eric W. Hutchins

Theses and Major Papers

The impact of privately owned sewage treatment plants, a viable alternative to on-site septic systems, is examined in regards to future land-use patterns. It was hypothesized that the use of these facilities would lead to a greater loss of open space, in the coastal City of Gloucester, Massachusetts, than if only conventional on-site septic systems were to be permitted. Constraints to development such as zoning, wetlands, soil characteristics, parcel size, and economic viability were applied to undeveloped property in Gloucester. The results were used to identify individual parcels and calculate the respective developability based on the two different scenarios. Only …

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Sea Level Rise And Its Impact On Bangladesh, Carlos Alfredo Castro Ortiz Jan 1992

Sea Level Rise And Its Impact On Bangladesh, Carlos Alfredo Castro Ortiz

Theses and Major Papers

Global temperatures are expected to increase as a result of the so-called "greenhouse" effect, causing concern among scientists who fear that the sea level may rise as much as three meters by 2100. Using mid-range seal-level-rise scenarios of 1.5 and 2 meters potential socioeconomic impacts on coastal Bangladesh are discussed. The geography is described point out the spatial extent and magnitude of potential damages. Topographic and political-administrative maps are used for population distribution and economic analyses of the areas which would be affected in the sea level rise scenarios. A valuation technique is used to project the gradual GDP loss …

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Implications Of The 1969 International Convention For The Tonnage Measurement Of Ships On Small Vessels Of The United States, Michael Mcpherson Millar Jan 1992

Implications Of The 1969 International Convention For The Tonnage Measurement Of Ships On Small Vessels Of The United States, Michael Mcpherson Millar

Theses and Major Papers

The tonnage measurement of ships is an important aspect of water-borne commerce. tonnage values are used to assess port fees, minimum manning requirements, and minimum safety equipment allowances aboard vessels. For example, as the tonnage value for a vessel goes up, so does the number of deckhands. Increasing the crew size may have other benefits. By adding more people to the vessel's crew complement there would be more people to ensure the vessel's safe transit. Therefore, changing tonnage values can have a direct impact on the safety of seagoing vessels. Since the creation of tonnage measurement as a means to …

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Sea-Surface Temperature Related Fisheries And Resource Markets, Jeffrey Michael Rasinski Jan 1992

Sea-Surface Temperature Related Fisheries And Resource Markets, Jeffrey Michael Rasinski

Theses and Major Papers

This thesis addresses the potential application of sea-surface temperature (SST) data to economic resource markets. It considers the revolution in technology and the accessibility of timely, accurate SST observations for resource markets. Specifically, it addresses issues related to pelagic fisheries and the fish meal industry. The thesis presents a discussion and overview of the upwelling ecosystem of Peru and the Peruvian anchovy (Engraulis ringens) including quantitative analysis and forecasts for the fishery and fish meal prices. This analysis is used to demonstrate the commercial application and relationship between SST and related resource markets. The thesis establishes a bioeconomic statistical model …

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The Politics Of Tidelands: A Case Study Of The Massachusetts Chapter 91 Program, Jane Mcnally Wright Jan 1992

The Politics Of Tidelands: A Case Study Of The Massachusetts Chapter 91 Program, Jane Mcnally Wright

Theses and Major Papers

The Massachusetts Chapter 91 Waterways Program is a licensing program through which the Commonwealth carries out its responsibilities under the Public Trust Doctrine. It was unclear when this study was undertaken whether public participation in the program development process resulted in a different program than the draft program the state originally proposed in 1986. This qualitative case study was developed based on hundreds of pages of letters, comments and testimony from the public, press clippings and interviews. The primary finding is that public participation, particularly from so-called special interest groups, resulted in a final program which was significantly different from …

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