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1990

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Articles 1 - 17 of 17

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Design Of A Viscometer Using Magnetostriction Of Ferromagnetic Probes, Subhendra Nath Sarkar Jan 1990

Design Of A Viscometer Using Magnetostriction Of Ferromagnetic Probes, Subhendra Nath Sarkar

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

On-line measurement of viscosity of process liquids at process temperature is difficult though industrially very important. A viscometer is designed which can do this up to about 300 °C almost on-line within about 1-8% accuracy except for very viscous liquids like glucose. It uses a ferromagnetic probe designed to mechanically vibrate in the ultrasonic frequency range. An excitation coil sends repeated excitation current pulses to induce mechanical vibration in the probe tip. When placed in a process fluid, the vibration amplitude is damped due to the viscosity of the fluid, and the damped vibration is sensed by Faraday's principle by …

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On-Line Process Fiber Optic Refractometer For Measuring Edible Oil Hydrogenation, Charles F. Cole, Robert A. Sims, Alois (Al) J. Adams Jan 1990

On-Line Process Fiber Optic Refractometer For Measuring Edible Oil Hydrogenation, Charles F. Cole, Robert A. Sims, Alois (Al) J. Adams

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The process of edible oil partial hydrogenation has improved steadily over the past decades, but few on-line process instruments exist capable of measuring the extent of hydrogenation. This work describes the design of a prototype, on-line fiber optic refractometer for controlling and monitoring of oils. It uses an established correlation between the degree of hydrogenation of an edible oil and its refractive index (Rl). The refractometer cell uses a bare optical fiber in direct contact with processing oil. Equations are given describing the power transmission characteristics of an optical fiber as a function of its cladding Rl. Comparisons between calculated …

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Data Acquisition And Control Program For Chromatographic And Spectroscopic Studies, M. Keith Hudson, William G. Hood, Robert Henson Jan 1990

Data Acquisition And Control Program For Chromatographic And Spectroscopic Studies, M. Keith Hudson, William G. Hood, Robert Henson

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

An IBMPC compatible computer was interfaced to an Ithaco 3962 lock-in-amplifier. The computer controlled the functions of the lock-in-amplifier, acquired and stored data, and allowed for real time or off-line processing of data. Computer/amplifier connection was made via RS-232-C serial interface. Programmed in Microsoft Quick BASIC, the computer assumed the role of a dedicated chromatographic integrator. This reduced the overall instrumentation expense by eliminating a dedicated chromatographic integrator. The computer program supplied much greater flexibility in control and data interpretation. To show its utility, the program was applied to a study of the infrared emission from a flame upon the …

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Soil And Lithostratigraphy Below The Loveland/Sicily Island Silt, Crowley's Ridge, Arkansas, Donna Porter, Sam Bishop Jan 1990

Soil And Lithostratigraphy Below The Loveland/Sicily Island Silt, Crowley's Ridge, Arkansas, Donna Porter, Sam Bishop

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Two stratigraphic units between the Loveland/Sicily Island Silt and the Pliocene sand and gravel on Crowley's Ridge were analyzed to determine their origin and assess the degree of pedogenic development. The Crowley's Ridge Loess, the upper unit, was up to 2.6 m thick, was not laterally continuous, and contained a well developed paleosol. The lower unit was a several meter thick sandy facies of the Pliocene sand and gravel which contained a weak paleosol. Particle size analysis revealed that the upper unit exhibited texture similar to the overlying loess units, with unimodal silt comprising greater than 95% of the clay-free …

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Management Of The Ozark Big-Eared Bat, Plecotus Townsendii Ingens, In Arkansas, Michael J. Harvey, Sam W. Barkley Jan 1990

Management Of The Ozark Big-Eared Bat, Plecotus Townsendii Ingens, In Arkansas, Michael J. Harvey, Sam W. Barkley

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Rotational Symmetries Of Nuclear States: Spin Determinations In Advanced Laboratory, Wilfred J. Braithwaite Jan 1990

Rotational Symmetries Of Nuclear States: Spin Determinations In Advanced Laboratory, Wilfred J. Braithwaite

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

An advanced laboratory experiment is described which shows the connection between the rotational symmetries of nuclear states and the assignments of spins to discrete nuclear states. Standard angular correlation methods were used to study the two sequential gamma ray transitions in each ⁶⁰Ni nucleus, populated by unobserved beta decays from a weak radioactive ⁶⁰Co source. The chosen electronics and detectors were inexpensive and easy to operate. This experiment was extended to introduce students to real-world data acquisition, using finite-geometry detectors, which resulted in enormously larger coincident data rates.

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Efficiency In Collecting Fossils, Kenneth M. Ball, Leo Carson Davis Jan 1990

Efficiency In Collecting Fossils, Kenneth M. Ball, Leo Carson Davis

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Two hundred seventy-two kilograms of sediments and fossils were collected from 1 meter square plots on lake beach and river gravel bars to compare the efficiency of surface collecting with that of intensive laboratory processing. Collecting fossils by visual inspection of the outcrop required an average of 14 minutes 56 seconds per square meter and resulted in 319 vertebrate and 1320 invertebrate fossils. The ratio of time spent collecting and processing sediments to time spent in surface collecting fossils was 4.66:1. The ratio of invertebrates produced by the intensive laboratory process to invertebrates produced by surface collecting was 4.80:1. Vertebrate …

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Comparison Of Pressurized And Gravity Distribution Systems For Wastewater Treatment, Mark A. Gross, Stan Neal, Belinda Ederington, Robert Muldoon Jan 1990

Comparison Of Pressurized And Gravity Distribution Systems For Wastewater Treatment, Mark A. Gross, Stan Neal, Belinda Ederington, Robert Muldoon

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Pressurized distribution of domestic wastewater over a sand filter surface achieves better treatment than gravity distribution. The pressurized distribution system caused the filter to better remove organics (BOD₅) and suspended solids. Pressurized distribution also caused the sand filter to achieve more complete nitrification than the filter having gravity distribution. Two slow sand filters 15.2 cm wide, 3.1 m long and 15.2 cm deep were built and loaded with domestic septic tank effluent for 250 days at a rate of 5.1 cm per day. Influent and effluent samples were collected and analyzed for five-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD₅), suspended solids, ammonia- …

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Characterization Of Radioactivity In Hot Springs National Park, Arkansas, C. E. Epperson, N. R. Rhodes Jan 1990

Characterization Of Radioactivity In Hot Springs National Park, Arkansas, C. E. Epperson, N. R. Rhodes

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Impact Of Microprocessor Protected Mode Programming On Undergraduate Education N Engineering Technology, Robert L. Douglas Jan 1990

Impact Of Microprocessor Protected Mode Programming On Undergraduate Education N Engineering Technology, Robert L. Douglas

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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University Based Multidisciplinary Organizations - Promises And Challenges, Robert L. Cook, Richard D. Benton, Robert A. Green Jan 1990

University Based Multidisciplinary Organizations - Promises And Challenges, Robert L. Cook, Richard D. Benton, Robert A. Green

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The Diagnostic Instrumentation and Analysis Laboratory (DIAL) at Mississippi State University is a multidisciplinary research organization engaged in developing and applying advanced computer-controlled, optical and laser-based diagnostic instrumentation systems for the characterization of high temperature gas streams. Part of the mission of DIAL is the on-site application of the diagnostic systems to large-scale facilities. The laboratory has approximately 40 professional and support personnel. Twelve faculty members are associated with the laboratory and, because of the multidisciplinary nature of the research program, their disciplines cross college as well as departmental boundaries. This provides for unique graduate research opportunities. Moreover, the laboratory …

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Principles And Clinical Applications Of Magnetic Resonance, Rao P. Gullapalli, Teresa T. Evans, Roger M. Hawk Jan 1990

Principles And Clinical Applications Of Magnetic Resonance, Rao P. Gullapalli, Teresa T. Evans, Roger M. Hawk

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

A review is presented which covers the basic theory of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) with regard to angular momentum, magnetic moments, and the classical mechanical description of the NMR experiment. Longitudinal (T,) and Transverse (T2) relaxation times are defined as well as the basic pulse sequences used for their measurement. In particular, the 180°-t-90° and the Hahn Spin Echo pulse sequences are described in detail. Basic Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) theory is discussed with regard to slice selection, frequency encoding, and phase encoding to define the imaged volume element. The equations defining the amount of Tt , T2 , and …

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Educational Software Development Using Hypertext And Expert System Software Concepts, Siripong Malasri, Roger R. Easson Jan 1990

Educational Software Development Using Hypertext And Expert System Software Concepts, Siripong Malasri, Roger R. Easson

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

This paper presents two computer software concepts: hypertext and expert systems; which are useful for educational software development. Good educational software enhances the learning process and offers opportunities for faculty to provide additional materials for independent studies, which would otherwise be impossible, due to the limited time and incredible growing rate of technological progress. The hypertext concept offers the students a non-linear learning style, while the expert system concept provides explanation facilities for students to probe the logic of the systems. Both approaches are extremely useful for educational software. With the proper tools, the courseware can be implemented easily and …

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Comparison Of The Molecular Structures Of Monovalent Cation Salets Of N,N-Dimethyldithiocarbamate. Novel Synthesis And Crystal Structure Of (Phi4)(S2cn(Ch3)2)2h2o, Mark Draganjac, David Minick, Elizabeth M. Holt Jan 1990

Comparison Of The Molecular Structures Of Monovalent Cation Salets Of N,N-Dimethyldithiocarbamate. Novel Synthesis And Crystal Structure Of (Phi4)(S2cn(Ch3)2)2h2o, Mark Draganjac, David Minick, Elizabeth M. Holt

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Crystals of the tetraphenylphosphonium N,N-dimethyldithiocarbamate dihydrate (C₂₇H₃₀NO₂PS₂; F.W. = 495.6) are monoclinic; P2₁/n; a = 13.349(6), b = 20,968(6), c = 9.800(4) Å, β = 109.01(3)°; Z = 4; V = 2593.4(16) Å^3; Dₓ = 1.269 gcm- 3 . Data were collected at ambient temperature using MoKα radiation (λ = 0.71069 Å).F(000) = 1048, linear absorption coefficient, n = 2.80 cm- 1. The structure was solved by direct methods and subsequently refined by full matrix least squares techniques. Final R value = 0.064 for 1 61 0 reflections and 298 varied parameters. Due to the nature of the cation, interactions …

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Study Of Deposition Methods For Silicon Powder, Kamesh V. Gadepally, Kevin B. Tennal, Roger M. Hawk, Al Robles, James A. Gribel Jan 1990

Study Of Deposition Methods For Silicon Powder, Kamesh V. Gadepally, Kevin B. Tennal, Roger M. Hawk, Al Robles, James A. Gribel

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Silicon powder tends to agglomerate at normal atmospheric conditions and is, hence, difficult to aerosolize. Several methods of aerosolizing silicon powder and finally depositing it on various substrates were investigated. This paper presents the investigated methods of aerosolization. The electrostatic spray coating used in dry paint application was found to be the most suitable. The general merits of this method and its use for silicon powder deposition to form films are discussed.

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Photoacoustic Detection Of Carbonaceous Atmospheric Aerosols, Duane Jackson Jan 1990

Photoacoustic Detection Of Carbonaceous Atmospheric Aerosols, Duane Jackson

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The role of carbonaceous aerosols in the atmosphere as a risk factor in climatic changes and health effects and state-of-the-art monitoring processes are briefly presented here. In particular, development of a photoacoustic technique for measuring the concentration of carbonaceous particles is discussed. The photoacoustic measurement is based upon detection of pressure waves generated by localized time-dependent heating of air inside the photoacoustic chamber. Heating of air inside the chamber is due to absorption of visible laser radiation by carbon particles present inside the chamber. The laser radiation is chopped, and the resultant pressure signal produced by subsequent heating and cooling …

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Status Of The Accelerator Project At Uca, Jack Gaiser, Harold L. Pray Jan 1990

Status Of The Accelerator Project At Uca, Jack Gaiser, Harold L. Pray

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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