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1989

University of Rhode Island

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Articles 1 - 18 of 18

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

The Case Of Rose Island: An Example Of Conflicting Goals And Competing Jurisdictions In Coastal Zone Development, Thomas James Gibson May 1989

The Case Of Rose Island: An Example Of Conflicting Goals And Competing Jurisdictions In Coastal Zone Development, Thomas James Gibson

Theses and Major Papers

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the methods and tactics employed at the local level by all of the participants in the resolution of a controversial coastal development issue. It is the author's goal to present a case study of a proposal that had progressed at least through the local level of the approval process and study the mechanism to see if it produces a socially desirable result. Resolution of the final form that the development of Rose Island will take is no closer today than it was in the Spring of 1986, so this paper necessarily has …

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The United Nations Convention On The Law Of The Sea, And Canadian Official Development Assistance, Lennox O'Riley Hinds May 1989

The United Nations Convention On The Law Of The Sea, And Canadian Official Development Assistance, Lennox O'Riley Hinds

Theses and Major Papers

The purpose of this paper is to examine the needs of developing states created by the 1982 U.N. Convention on the Law of the Sea and the capability of the above cited Canadian aid agencies to provide needed assistance. To achieve the above objective the articles of the Third Convention of the Law of the Sea will be analyzed to establish requirements that coastal states must satisfy when the convention comes into force. Next, the mandates, policies, and programs of the aforementioned agencies will be examined to ascertain their potential to assist developing countries meet their obligations under UNCLOS III. …

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The Adjustment Of Taiwan, Roc, Fisheries To Coordinate With The Extending National Fisheries Jurisdiction, Teh-Yung Chan May 1989

The Adjustment Of Taiwan, Roc, Fisheries To Coordinate With The Extending National Fisheries Jurisdiction, Teh-Yung Chan

Theses and Major Papers

The establishment by coastal states of 12-mile territorial seas and 200-mile EEZs or fisheries Conservation Zones (FCZs) has resulted in tremendous impacts on Taiwan inshore fisheries and distant-water fisheries. The ROC has to adjust its approach to fisheries in the face of the new international fisheries challenge. Through the adjusted measures, it has successfully achieved increases in her fisheries production in recent years. The purpose of this study is to examine the problems that have occurred or may occur to the Taiwan ROC fisheries industry as a consequence of the establishment of national EEZs. An area of particular concern to …

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Intergovernmental Relations And Ocs Oil And Gas Development, Gretchen Honan Jan 1989

Intergovernmental Relations And Ocs Oil And Gas Development, Gretchen Honan

Theses and Major Papers

Oil and gas exploration and development in federal waters off the coast of California have been a source of conflict between federal and state governments for a number of years. More recently local governments and local citizenry have joined in the battle to prevent development of outer continental shelf (OCS) oil and gas reserves. Between 1985 and 1986 the passage of thirteen local land use initiatives prohibiting or requiring voter approval of onshore facilities to service offshore platforms occurred. These initiatives reflect growing local dissatisfaction with the present legislative structure governing OCS development. From their perspective the existing OCS development …

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Enforcement In The Exclusive Economic Zone: Harmonizing National Legislation With Special Reference To Asean States, Rayner Stuel Galid Jan 1989

Enforcement In The Exclusive Economic Zone: Harmonizing National Legislation With Special Reference To Asean States, Rayner Stuel Galid

Theses and Major Papers

The 1982 Third United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea provides only broad guidelines for many matters. One such area is in the provision of enforcement rights to the coastal State in the exclusive economic zone (EEZ). Thus, the specifics have to be worked out by the concerned nations in their domestic legislation. This expansive latitude may occasion the lack of uniformity in coastal States' EEZ laws and regulations. These different legislation may foster incompatible enforcement policies on the part of the coastal States which in turn may cause international friction. Harmonization of laws is the deliberate alignment …

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Mobile Deployable Bases And Ports: A Study For Interim Requirements, William Glenn Moore Jan 1989

Mobile Deployable Bases And Ports: A Study For Interim Requirements, William Glenn Moore

Theses and Major Papers

Logistics is an age old problem that has been the key to the greatest victories and defeats in history. Maritime support of wartime land campaigns as well as conflicts at sea, has been the answer to that problem even as far back in history as the ancient Greek Empire. Throughout the ages however the lesson that seems to be learned and relearned, the hard way, is that of logistic support. Today the United States is faced with what, to some seems to be an overwhelming problem in logistic support overseas, particularly in the maritime transportation and support arena. The U.S. …

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Geographical Constraints To Soviet Maritime Power, Brian Needham Jan 1989

Geographical Constraints To Soviet Maritime Power, Brian Needham

Theses and Major Papers

The aim of this paper is to identify the geographical constraints to Soviet marine power, assess their impact and explore alternatives that may be considered to reduce their detrimental effects. The paper will provide a background by addressing the recent history, status and current missions of the Soviet Navy, which is the vehicle for maritime power. The nature of the geographical constraints will then be discussed before assessing individually the impacts on the four Soviet Fleets: Northern, Baltic, Black Sea, and Pacific. Finally, some alternatives will be explored to counter the vulnerability of maritime power to those geographic constraints. It …

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North Carolina Ports: A Search For Identity, Clifford S. Sharpe Jan 1989

North Carolina Ports: A Search For Identity, Clifford S. Sharpe

Theses and Major Papers

North Carolina's development in colonial times and in the early stages of statehood was greatly affected by her coastline. An abundant coastline did not translate into an abundance of good ports, in fact, difficult coastal and inland navigation hampered early commercial development. North Carolina's barrier islands and numerous inlets served as a haven for pirates in colonial days, for privateers during the Revolution, and later defied the North's blockade during the Civil War. There were several attempts by individuals to encourage maritime trade in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. Shortly after World War II the state mobilized to …

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Antarctic Peninsula Mysticete Whales: Conservation And Research, Gregory Schofield Stone Jan 1989

Antarctic Peninsula Mysticete Whales: Conservation And Research, Gregory Schofield Stone

Theses and Major Papers

This paper reports original research from two recent studies in the Antarctic Peninsula area, reviews past sighting information and policies affecting mysticete whales, and recommends future research. Due to poor management by the International Whaling Commission, mysticete whales are among the most severely depleted species groups in the Antarctic. The combined total Antarctic harvest from 1920 to 19867 for blue Balaenoptera musculus, fin B. physalus, sei B. borealis, minke B. acutorostrata and humpback Megaptera novaeangliae whales was over one million animals. The effect of this hunting pressure is the dominant factor determing the present status of Antarctic …

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Environmental Management Planning And The Special Area Management Process, Timothy P. Dillingham Jan 1989

Environmental Management Planning And The Special Area Management Process, Timothy P. Dillingham

Theses and Major Papers

Within coastal areas, growing numbers of resource users, increasingly divergent resources use demands, and loss of indigenous resources combine to exert tremendous pressures on these areas. The Narrow River is a unique estuary located on the coast of southern Rhode Island. The estuary has experienced a decline in water quality over the last 20 years, primarily attributable to poor development practices and improper disposal of on-site sewage. Increasing levels of development have begun to bring about further changes in the watershed, including alteration of scenic values, conversion and loss of wildlife habitat, additional sources of pollution inputs and increasing conflict …

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Sewage Discharge By Recreational Boats In R.I. Coastal Waters, Maureen E. Eldredge Jan 1989

Sewage Discharge By Recreational Boats In R.I. Coastal Waters, Maureen E. Eldredge

Theses and Major Papers

Federal legislation regulating sewage from recreational boats has existed since 1972 (The Clean Water Act). Since that time the regulations have failed to prevent untreated sewage from boats from being discharged into the Nation's waterways. This has caused conflicts over water quality, particularly in shellfish growing areas. The regulatory system which exists to regulate sewage from recreational boats was analyzed for nine sources of possible regulatory failure. Seven of the nine were found to be operating. They include, lack of technology, lack of enforcement, lack of issue salience, negative attitudes on the part of the boaters, the economics of compliance, …

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Perceptions Of The Texas State And Federal Closures Among Inshore Shrimpers In Galveston Bay, Texas And Calcasieu Lake, Louisiana, Nina H. Garfield Jan 1989

Perceptions Of The Texas State And Federal Closures Among Inshore Shrimpers In Galveston Bay, Texas And Calcasieu Lake, Louisiana, Nina H. Garfield

Theses and Major Papers

The inshore shrimp fisheries along the coast of the Gulf of Mexico represent a significant portion of the total shrimp harvest in the Gulf. The shrimp harvest is allocated to the offshore and inshore fisheries through the use of season closures. In 1981, the Gulf of Mexico Regional Fisheries Management Council began implementing a policy known as the Texas Closure; a seasonal closure of the waters of the Federal Conservation Zone concurrent with the traditional season closure of the state waters of Texas. One impact of the Texas Closure on the offshore fishery has been fleet displacement from Texas to …

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A Less-Polluted Future For Boston Harbor?: Assessing Selected Impacts Of A Citizen Information Program, Enid Carol Kumin Jan 1989

A Less-Polluted Future For Boston Harbor?: Assessing Selected Impacts Of A Citizen Information Program, Enid Carol Kumin

Theses and Major Papers

The demand for good public information is a need which many environmental groups are now attempting to fill. Programs are generally designed around a particular environmental issue. One such effort is the Boston Harbor "Sewer Tour" Program run by 'Save the Harbor/Save the Bay' in Boston, Massachusetts. The Sewer Tour Program addresses matters of water pollution control in the Metropolitan Boston area. The present study examines the impact of the Sewer Tour Program on participants and spillover effects on their communities. A mailed survey is used to collect the data. A framework for data analysis is drawn from psychological research …

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A Site-Specific Need Assessment For Ocean Incineration At The North Atlantic Incineration Site (Nais), Lynne H. Macdonald Jan 1989

A Site-Specific Need Assessment For Ocean Incineration At The North Atlantic Incineration Site (Nais), Lynne H. Macdonald

Theses and Major Papers

This thesis examines the problems of hazardous wastes in the United States-and the problems their disposal present, in particular. Ocean incineration, one of the very few methods available to destroy many highly toxic wastes, is presented as a viable, necessary means to destroy liquid organochlorine wastes. Next, the international and federal regulations governing ocean incineration and the current status of ocean incineration in the United States are reviewed. A site-specific assessment for determining the need for ocean incineration is developed as an alternative to the two currently contended approaches (nationwide versus permit-by-permit need assessments). This site-specific need assessment evaluates the …

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Socioeconomic Aspects Of Small-Scale Commercial Fisheries Development In The Republic Of The Marshall Islands, Cheryl Ann Mandich Jan 1989

Socioeconomic Aspects Of Small-Scale Commercial Fisheries Development In The Republic Of The Marshall Islands, Cheryl Ann Mandich

Theses and Major Papers

This study examines the sociocultural aspects of fishery development in the Republic of the Marshall Islands. It is based upon field research conducted through interviews with indigenous fisherfolk, business people, and expatriates. The Marshall Islands were selected because they have a limited economic base, yet have abundant fishery resources which have considerable potential to generate foreign exchange. Many studies focus on the technical aspects of fishery resource development. However, none address the sociocultural factors that influence its success. This thesis demonstrates that several aspects of Marshallese fishing society, some of which correspond to characteristics of the peasantry identified by Rogers …

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The South Pacific Nuclear Free Zone Treaty, Susan Ware Jan 1989

The South Pacific Nuclear Free Zone Treaty, Susan Ware

Theses and Major Papers

The South Pacific Nuclear Free Zone Treaty was opened for signature on August 5, 1985, on the 40th Anniversary of the Bombing of Hiroshima. The Treaty prohibits Party states from controlling or assisting in the manufacture of nuclear explosive devices and from allowing devices not in their control stationing within their territory or land space. The Protocols to the Treaty enjoin the nuclear weapon sates and the states with territories within the Zone to adhere to the principles of the Treaty and to refrain from control or use of any nuclear explosive devices within the Zone. The principle concern of …

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Stormwater Quality Management In Rhode Island, Elizabeth A. Scott Jan 1989

Stormwater Quality Management In Rhode Island, Elizabeth A. Scott

Theses and Major Papers

This study documents the threat that uncontrolled "urban" stormwater runoff poses to surface water quality and the inadequacy of existing regulations governing land use development in preventing further water quality degradation resulting from "urban" runoff. The study applies recent research findings from the Nationwide Urban Runoff Program and the experience of other state regulatory programs in evaluating management alternatives and proposing a strategy for Rhode Island. The documented impacts of "urban" stormwater runoff on water quality, including excesses in criteria for copper, lead, and coliform, and eutrophication, support the need for stormwater quality management. This need is made more evident …

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Formulation Of A Management Scheme For The Swordfish Fishery Of The Eastern Caribbean, Harold F. Upton Jan 1989

Formulation Of A Management Scheme For The Swordfish Fishery Of The Eastern Caribbean, Harold F. Upton

Theses and Major Papers

During the 1983 season, two U.S. longline vessels initiated the first attempts at the commercial exploitation of swordfish in the Eastern Caribbean. In 1986, the number of U.S. vessels participating in the fishery surpassed 40 with landings of nearly two million pounds per season. The sudden influx of participants and technology to the region has resulted in a variety of user conflicts and associated policy issues. Major areas of concern involve the conservation of a heavily exploited resource and the distribution of benefits which accrue from resource exploitation among the resource-adjacent island states and U.S. fishing operations. This study examines …

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