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Articles 1 - 30 of 211
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Graviton-Photon Scattering, N.E.J. Bjerrum-Bohr, Barry R. Holstein, Ludovic Planté, Pierre Vanhove
Graviton-Photon Scattering, N.E.J. Bjerrum-Bohr, Barry R. Holstein, Ludovic Planté, Pierre Vanhove
Barry R Holstein
We use the feature that the gravitational Compton scattering amplitude factorizes in terms of Abelian QED amplitudes to evaluate various gravitational Compton processes. We examine both the QED and gravitational Compton scattering from a massive spin-1 system by the use of helicity amplitude methods. In the case of gravitational Compton scattering we show how the massless limit can be used to evaluate the cross section for graviton-photon scattering and discuss the difference between photon interactions and the zero mass spin-1 limit. We show that the forward scattering cross section for graviton photoproduction has a very peculiar behavior, differing from the …
Bending Of Light In Quantum Gravity, N.E.J. Bjerrum-Bohr, John F. Donoghue, Barry R. Holstein, Ludovic Planté, Pierre Vanhove
Bending Of Light In Quantum Gravity, N.E.J. Bjerrum-Bohr, John F. Donoghue, Barry R. Holstein, Ludovic Planté, Pierre Vanhove
Barry R Holstein
We consider the scattering of lightlike matter in the presence of a heavy scalar object (such as the Sun or a Schwarzschild black hole). By treating general relativity as an effective field theory we directly compute the nonanalytic components of the one-loop gravitational amplitude for the scattering of massless scalars or photons from an external massive scalar field. These results allow a semiclassical computation of the bending angle for light rays grazing the Sun, including long-range ℏ contributions. We discuss implications of this computation, in particular the violation of some classical formulations of the equivalence principle.
Chiral Perturbation Theory And Nucleon Polarizabilities, Br Holstein
Chiral Perturbation Theory And Nucleon Polarizabilities, Br Holstein
Barry R Holstein
Compton scattering offers in principle an intriguing new window on nucleon structure. Existing experiments and future programs are discussed and the state of theoretical understanding of such measurements is explored.
Limits On The Presence Of Scalar And Induced-Scalar Currents In Superallowed Beta-Decay, We Ormand, Ba Brown, Br Holstein
Limits On The Presence Of Scalar And Induced-Scalar Currents In Superallowed Beta-Decay, We Ormand, Ba Brown, Br Holstein
Barry R Holstein
Limits on the scalar and induced-scalar coupling constants are established from experimental ft values of superallowed Fermi transitions. The role of the uncertainties in the ft values is discussed, leading to minimal coupling strengths that can be extracted from ft values. The implications for the Kobayashi-Maskawa mixing angles are also discussed.
Semileptonic Decays Of The Light J(P)=1/2(+) Ground State Baryon Octet, A Faessler, T Gutsche, Br Holstein, Ma Ivanov, Jg Korner, Ve Lyubovitskij
Semileptonic Decays Of The Light J(P)=1/2(+) Ground State Baryon Octet, A Faessler, T Gutsche, Br Holstein, Ma Ivanov, Jg Korner, Ve Lyubovitskij
Barry R Holstein
We calculate the semileptonic baryon octet-octet transition form factors using a manifestly Lorentz covariant quark model approach based on the factorization of the contribution of valence quarks and chiral effects. We perform a detailed analysis of SU(3)-breaking corrections to the hyperon semileptonic decay form factors. We present complete results on decay rates and asymmetry parameters including lepton mass effects for the rates.
Long Range Electromagnetic Effects Involving Neutral Systems And Effective Field Theory, Br Holstein
Long Range Electromagnetic Effects Involving Neutral Systems And Effective Field Theory, Br Holstein
Barry R Holstein
We analyze the electromagnetic scattering of massive particles with and without spin wherein one particle (or both) is electrically neutral. Using the techniques of effective field theory, we isolate the leading long distance effects, both classical and quantum mechanical. For spinless systems results are identical to those obtained earlier via more elaborate dispersive methods. However, we also find new results if either or both particles carry spin.
Generalized Polarizabilities And The Chiral Structure Of The Nucleon, Thomas R. Hemmert, Barry R. Holstein, Germar Knöchlein, Stefan Scherer
Generalized Polarizabilities And The Chiral Structure Of The Nucleon, Thomas R. Hemmert, Barry R. Holstein, Germar Knöchlein, Stefan Scherer
Barry R Holstein
No abstract provided.
Neutrino Physics, Wc Haxton, Br Holstein
Neutrino Physics, Wc Haxton, Br Holstein
Barry R Holstein
The basic concepts of neutrino physics are presented at a level appropriate for integration into elementary courses on quantum mechanics and/or modern physics
Klein's Paradox, Br Holstein
Klein's Paradox, Br Holstein
Barry R Holstein
Klein’s paradox is shown to be resolved by a careful consideration of Feynman’s picture of antiparticles as negative energy solutions traveling backward in time. Implications associated with the spin-statistics theorem are pointed out.
Electric-Dipole Moments Of Nuclei, Jf Donoghue, Br Holstein, Mj Musolf
Electric-Dipole Moments Of Nuclei, Jf Donoghue, Br Holstein, Mj Musolf
Barry R Holstein
Recent calculations by Sushkov, Flambaum and Khriplovich have suggested that the existence of the possibility of kaon exchange within nuclei allows nuclear electric dipole moments within the standard model to be enhanced substantially over those of nucleons. This suggestion is analysed carefully and it is found that the constraints of chiral symmetry, which were not correctly included in the earlier calculation, reduce this prediction substantially.
The Lifetime Of A Deeply Bound H Dibaryon And The Cygnus-X-3 Events, Jf Donoghue, Eugene Golowich, Br Holstein
The Lifetime Of A Deeply Bound H Dibaryon And The Cygnus-X-3 Events, Jf Donoghue, Eugene Golowich, Br Holstein
Barry R Holstein
The explanation of the Cygnus X-3 events which involves a strange-quark star emitting the doubly strange H dibaryon requires the H to have a lifetime of greater than ten years. We calculate the ΔS=2 H→ NN for an H bound below ΛN threshold, and find τHless, approximate6 days.
Parity-Violating Photoproduction Of Pi(+/-) On The Delta Resonance, Sl Zhu, Cm Maekawa, Br Holstein, Mj Ramsey-Musolf
Parity-Violating Photoproduction Of Pi(+/-) On The Delta Resonance, Sl Zhu, Cm Maekawa, Br Holstein, Mj Ramsey-Musolf
Barry R Holstein
We analyze the real-photon asymmetry Aγ± for the parity-violating (PV) π± production on the Δ resonance via the reactions γ⃗+p→Δ+→π++n and γ⃗+d→Δ0+p→π-+p+p. This asymmetry is nonvanishing due to a PV γNΔ coupling constant, dΔ±. We argue that an experimental determination of this coupling would be of interest for hadron dynamics, possibly shedding light on the S-wave/ P-wave puzzle in the hyperon nonleptonic decays and the violation of Hara’s theorem in weak radiative hyperon decays.
Hadronic Atoms And Effective Interactions, Br Holstein
Hadronic Atoms And Effective Interactions, Br Holstein
Barry R Holstein
We examine the problem of hadronic atom energy shifts using the technique of effective interactions and demonstrate the equivalence with the conventional quantum mechanical approach.
Fundamental Neutron Physics: Introduction And Overview Preface, Br Holstein
Fundamental Neutron Physics: Introduction And Overview Preface, Br Holstein
Barry R Holstein
In the 77 years since its discovery by Chadwick in 1932, the neutron has come to play an increasingly important role in contemporary physics. As the next to lightest baryon, it is, of course, one of the two primary components of the atomic nucleus and studies of isotopes (nuclei with varying numbers of neutrons but the same proton number) and of the neutron drip line are one of the important focuses of the recently approved radioactive beam machine to be built at Michigan State University. Precise knowledge of its ~900 second lifetime is crucial to determination of the time at …
Limit On 2nd Class Polar Vector Couplings In Semileptonic Weak-Interactions, Br Holstein
Limit On 2nd Class Polar Vector Couplings In Semileptonic Weak-Interactions, Br Holstein
Barry R Holstein
Although a great deal of experimental work has succeeded in limiting a possible second class axial coupling to about ten percent of the size of weak magnetism, published limits on the size of a possible second class polar vector current are one order of magnitude less sensitive. We summarize the present situation and demonstrate that muon capture provides the strictest present limit.
K(S)-]Gamma-Gamma, K(L)-]Pi(0)Gamma-Gamma And Unitarity, J Kambor, Br Holstein
K(S)-]Gamma-Gamma, K(L)-]Pi(0)Gamma-Gamma And Unitarity, J Kambor, Br Holstein
Barry R Holstein
Agreement between the experimental value Γ(KS→γγ) and the number predicted via a one-loop chiral perturbation theory calculation has been cited as a success for the latter. On the other hand the one-loop prediction for the closely related process KL→π0γγ has been found to be a factor 3 below the experimental value. Using the inputs of unitarity and dispersion relations, we demonstrate the importance of higher order loop effects to both of these processes.
Symmetry-Tests And Standard Model Backgrounds, Br Holstein
Symmetry-Tests And Standard Model Backgrounds, Br Holstein
Barry R Holstein
No abstract provided.
Hot Curved Space And The Jeans Mass, Br Holstein
Hot Curved Space And The Jeans Mass, Br Holstein
Barry R Holstein
We construct the effective Lagrangian for a noninteracting scalar field at nonzero temperature in curved spacetime. Metric fluctuations are evaluated, resulting in an energy momentum tensor which has the form expected for an imperfect fluid. Such fluctuations are found to be unstable (for most values of the cosmological constant) with an exponential growth characterized by a Jeans mass squared which is twice the classical value.
The Reaction Gamma-Gamma-]Pi-0-Pi-0 And Chiral Loops, Jf Donoghue, Br Holstein, Yc Lin
The Reaction Gamma-Gamma-]Pi-0-Pi-0 And Chiral Loops, Jf Donoghue, Br Holstein, Yc Lin
Barry R Holstein
Two-photon production of a neutral-pion pair is uniquely predicted near threshold by the theory of chiral symmetry. The prediction vanishes at the tree level and is nonzero only at one-loop order, yielding a finite result without any unknown counterterms. In this paper we calculate the cross section for both on-shell and off-shell photons, as both cases can both be studied at e+e- storage rings. This reaction is the most accessible process which directly probes the loop structure of chiral-SU(2) symmetry.
Low-Energy Weak-Interactions Of Quarks, Jf Donoghue, Eugene Golowich, Br Holstein
Low-Energy Weak-Interactions Of Quarks, Jf Donoghue, Eugene Golowich, Br Holstein
Barry R Holstein
We review the progress that has been made in understanding weak interaction effects in hadrons. Our focus is on the quark model and its role in connecting hadronic processes with the underlying SU(2)L × U(1) weak interaction theory. Open questions, new techniques and future directions are also discussed.
Quantum-Mechanics In Curved Space, Jf Donoghue, Br Holstein
Quantum-Mechanics In Curved Space, Jf Donoghue, Br Holstein
Barry R Holstein
The quantum mechanical wave equation for a particle in a Schwarzschild metric is derived using general relativity in the linearized approximation. The significance of the various terms in the effective Hamiltonian is discussed and shown to be associated with the post‐Newtonian terms for the corresponding classical motion.
Mass Ratios Of The Light Quarks, Jf Donoghue, Br Holstein, D Wyler
Mass Ratios Of The Light Quarks, Jf Donoghue, Br Holstein, D Wyler
Barry R Holstein
We derive a consistent set of light quark mass ratios which are compatible with the available constraints of chiral symmetry treated to next-to-leading order. Also required as input is resonance saturation of a set of low-energy amplitudes, in particular for the pion and kaon electromagnetic mass difference. The results (md+mu)/ms=1/15.5, (md-mu)/ms=1/29 are modestly different from previous values, and resolve the long-standing puzzle of the η→3π decay rate.
Is Su(3) Chiral Perturbation Theory An Effective Field Theory?, Br Holstein
Is Su(3) Chiral Perturbation Theory An Effective Field Theory?, Br Holstein
Barry R Holstein
We argue that the difficulties associated with the convergence properties of conventional SU(3) chiral perturbation theory can be ameliorated by use of a cutoff, which suppresses the model-dependent short distance effects in such calculations.
Hadronic Parity Violation, Br Holstein
Hadronic Parity Violation, Br Holstein
Barry R Holstein
We review the state of hadronic parity violation and propose a program based on a new effective field theory potential which can resolve the present confusion.
Anions And Anomalies, M Bawin, Sa Coon, Br Holstein
Anions And Anomalies, M Bawin, Sa Coon, Br Holstein
Barry R Holstein
We analyze the recent claim that experimental measurements of binding energies of dipole-bound anions can be understood in terms of a quantum mechanical anomaly. The discrepancy between the experimental critical dipole moments and that predicted by the anisotropic inverse square potential of a static dipole precludes such an explanation. As has long been known, in the physical problem one must include rotational structure so that the long distance behavior changes from 1/r2 to 1/r4. In a simple model this can be shown to lead to a modification of the critical dipole moment of 20% or so, bringing it into agreement …
Spin Effects In Long Range Electromagnetic Scattering, Br Holstein, Andreas Ross
Spin Effects In Long Range Electromagnetic Scattering, Br Holstein, Andreas Ross
Barry R Holstein
We analyze the electromagnetic scattering of massive particles with and without spin and, using the techniques of effective field theory, we isolate the leading long distance effects beyond one photon exchange, both classical and quantum mechanical. Spin-independent and spin-dependent effects are isolated and shown to have a universal structure.
A Status Report On Chiral Dynamics: Theory And Experiment, Aron M. Benstein, Barry Holstein
A Status Report On Chiral Dynamics: Theory And Experiment, Aron M. Benstein, Barry Holstein
Barry R Holstein
This paper gives an overview of a Workshop on Chiral Dynamics: Theory and Experiment which was held at MIT July 25-29, 1994; its unique feature was the equal mixture of theory and experiment. The purpose of the workshop was to bring together many of the active participants to assess the status of the field and to explore fruitful future directions. The foundations and present status of the theory were reviewed as well as the experimental status of the field. To facilitate the discussion of future directions working groups were organized on Threshold Photo/Electropion Production, Two-Pion Threshold and the Chiral Anomaly, …
Strong Bounds On Weak Couplings, Jf Donoghue, Br Holstein
Strong Bounds On Weak Couplings, Jf Donoghue, Br Holstein
Barry R Holstein
Analysis of nonleptonic ΔS = 1 weak decays strongly restricts the possible size of right-handed weak couplings. Limits thus obtained are competitive with those obtained via other means.
Effective Effective Interactions, Br Holstein
Effective Effective Interactions, Br Holstein
Barry R Holstein
The use of effective field theory techniques allows the basic physics to be extracted from otherwise complex systems. We cite examples from quantum mechanics, condensed-matter physics, QCD, and quantum gravity.
Delta(1232) And The Polarizabilities Of The Nucleon, Tr Hemmert, Br Holstein, J Kambor
Delta(1232) And The Polarizabilities Of The Nucleon, Tr Hemmert, Br Holstein, J Kambor
Barry R Holstein
Previous calculations of the polarizabilities of the nucleon within the framework of heavy baryon chiral perturbation theory have included the contribution of the Δ(1232) only in its effects on various contact terms or have been performed in chiral SU(3) where systematic errors are difficult to control. Herein, we perform a corresponding calculation in chiral SU(2) wherein Δ(1232) is treated as an explicit degree of freedom and the expansion is taken to third order in soft momenta, the pion mass, and the quantity MΔ-MN, collectively denoted ε. We present the results of a systematic O(ε3) calculation of forward Compton scattering off …