Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

On The Use Of Drift Bottle And Seabed Drifter Data In Coastal Management, Christopher S. Welch, John J. Norcross

Reports

The use of drift bottle and seabed drifter information for use in coastal management is discussed. The drift bottle/seabed drifter portion of VIMS project MACONS (Mid Atlantic Continental Shelf) is described as an example of how a comprehensive survey using drift bottles and seabed drifters provides data useful for coastal management. The data from MACONS are analyzed to answer specific questions of interest to several different coastal managers: a manager siting a deep oil port, one siting a sewage outfall, a manager responsible for setting up emergency beach protection procedures before an accident occurs, and a manager responsible for the …

Development Of The Turbidity Maximum In A Coastal Plain Estuary : Final Report, Maynard M. Nichols, Galen Thompson

Reports

A study of the turbidity maximum in the Rappahannock Estuary; Virginia was conducted to determine how high concentrations of suspended sediment accumulate to form a maximum.

Time-series observations of current velocity, salinity and suspended sediment over 8 to 18 tidal cycles reveal that the maximum forms in a convergence of bottom residual currents near the transition between fresh and salty water. Sediment supplied mainly by the river is transported into the convergence by density currents and accumulates since velocity is nearly zero and settling exceeds upward mixing.

The maximum forms in the middle estuary after freshet or flooding and shifts …

A Field Study Of Selected Ecological Properties Of Boca Ciega Bay And Adjacent Gulf Of Mexico, Geo-Marine, Inc.

Reports

This report describes a quantitative study of selected environmental parameters in a portion of Boca Ciega Bay and in the Gulf of Mexico adjacent to Johns Pass. The investigation included an analysis of hydrography and water quality during the period 14-20 February 1973. The objective of the study was to assess the present marine environment in order to judge the ecological feasibility of discharging tertiary treated sewage effluent into Boca Ciega Cay or secondary treated effluent into the Gulf of Mexico. The discharge would come from the proposed expansion of the South Cross Bayou sewage treatment plant.

Assessment Of The Potential Environmental Effects Of The Proposed Marina At York River State Park, Kenneth Marcellus, Gene M. Silberhorn, George M. Dawes

Reports

No abstract provided.

Anclote Environmental Project Report 1973, Department Of Marine Science, University Of South Florida

Reports

This report is one in a continuing series on environmental quality in the Anclote estuary near Tarpon Springs, Florida. Much of the base line ecological data now collected will be outlined here and in subsequent works. Full scale power plant operations are scheduled to commence during the summer of 1974 after which time documentation of the nature and degree of environmental impact by the power plant will begin.

Sorption Kinetics Part Ii: Modeling Longitudinal Concentration Profiles In A Packed Bed Reactor, David W. Hendricks

Reports

A mass balance simulation model for sorption in a packed bed reactor was developed. All of the terms in the model, consisting of constants of the porous media, and functions, were evaluated by independent laboratory studies. The kinetic term was determined in Part I. Two numerical schemes (an explicit scheme and an implicit scheme respectively) with corresponding computer programs were developed and made operational. They were not tested against laboratory column results due to long times necessary on the computer and corresponding high costs. Laboratory testing consisted of measuring column profiles for six different packed columns at different flow rates …

Solving Three-Dimensional Potential Flow Problems By Means Of An Inverse Formulation And Finite Differences, Allen L. Davis, Roland W. Jeppson

Reports

A finite difference method is developed to solve the three-dimensional, steady, incompressible, potential flow equations obtained by using a potential function, o, and two mutually orthogonal stream functions, u and u*, to describe the flow. Problems are formulated in an inverse space where the potential function and the two stream functions are the independent variables, and the Cartesian coordinates x, y, and z are the dependent variables. The boundaries of the problem in the physical space, including the free surface, have known positions in the inverse space, so trial and error adjustments to the positions of the boundaries are unnecessary. …

Integrated Measurement Of Soil Moisture By Use Of Radio Waves, Duane G. Chadwick

Reports

An integrated value of soil moisture can be determine dby measuring the attenuation of vertically-polarized surface radio waves taht are propagated over the ground between a transmitting and receiving atenna. Soil moisture values in the root-zone region were measured over longitudinal distances typically ranging from 50 feet to 600 feet with good results. Integrated soil moisture measurements over greater distances are also possible. Received field strength of propaged radio surface waves closely matches theoretical calculations. The measurement is easily made and does not disturb the soil. Dense, green vegetation, such as alfalfa or corn, causes errors in measurement accuracy. Less …

Head Losses Due To Ring-Tite Filament Wound Elbows And Tees And Frictional Losses In Pipes Of Polyvinylchloride, Roland W. Jeppson

Reports

This study consists of collecting and analyzing experimental data to determine the Darcy-Weisbach friction factor for 6-inch and 4-inch PERMASTRAN® pipes and the head losses due to RING-TITE filament-wound 6-inch 90° elbows, a 6 x 6-inch tee under several modes of operation, and a 6 x 6 x 4-inch tee with the flow entering a 6-inch branch and leaving through the 4-inch branch. The test program consisted of 8 series of individual tests with each series giving data for flow rates for each series ranging from 150 gpm to either 1200 gpm or 1500 gpm depending upon the series. The …

The Demand For Agricultural Water In Utah, Mark H. Anderson, Jay C. Andersen, John E. Keith, Calvin G. Clyde

Reports

Water is recognized as an essential element in Utah's agricultural economy. It is the subject of much controvery and litigation and yet most discussion of the subject is based on opinions and prejudice rather than upon the basis of sound scientific evidence. This paper attempts to provide some of the economic information necessary for sound decisions in the development and use of Utah's water resources with respect to agriculture. Utah has been divided into ten drainage regions (hydrologi subregions) and the presently irrigated and potentially irrigable land according to land class were estimated for each country or portion of a …

Social, Economic, Environmental, And Technical Factors Influencing Water Reuse, A. Bruce Bishop, Suravuth Pratishthananda, John Keith, Craig Colton, A. Berry Crawford

Reports

A growing population together with rising per capita income has resulted in increased demand for water for virtually all uses. At the same time there has been increased public concern for maintaining the quality of streams for recreation, sight-seeing, and other social uses, and to conserve environmental values. A partial answer to these conflicts in water use and management is more extensive waste water reclamation and reuse. Heretofore, water salvage and reuse has been mainly practiced in specific operational cases, such as recycling industrial process water, or on an ad hoc basis, such as a series of diversions and subsequent …

Bibliography Of Latin American Agricultural Production And Development. Volume Ii: General Agricultural Planning, Background, And Statistical Studies, Allen Lebaron, Samuel Daines, Percy Aitken, Ruby Johnson, Angeles Ely

Reports

No abstract provided.

Irrigation And Non-Irrigation Alternatives For Reducing Sugar Cane Transportation Costs In Santa Cruz, Bolivia, E. Boyd Wennergren, Allen D. Lebaron, Lee Bailey, Morris D. Whitaker

Reports

No abstract provided.

A Water Resource Management Model, Upper Jordan River Drainage, Utah, Bi-Huei Wang, James I. Felix, Rick L. Gold, Craig T. Jones, J. Paul Riley

Reports

As demands upon available water supplies increase within a river basin, there is an accompanying increase in the need to assess the downstream consequences resulting from changes at specific locations within the hydrologic system. This problem is approached in this study by digital computer simulation of the hydrologic system. Modeling concepts are based upon basic relationships which describe the various hydrologic processes. Within a hydrologic system these relationships are linked by the continuity-of-mass principle which requires a mass balance at all points. Spatial resolution is achieved by considering the modeled area as a series of subbasins. The time increment adopted …

A Streamflow Simulation Model For A Semi-Arid Region, Adnan A. Saad, L. Douglas James

Reports

A streamflow simulation model which would reproduce the essential feature of the hydrologic regime of a semi-arid region, in this case Jordan, was developmed and described. The model is intended to fit conditions which exist in such a region. The hydrologic processes components which represent the evaporation and the base flow distinguish the Jordan model from others. Development of each function of the model and its constants was based on all the minimal amount of data available. one year of data was used to calibrate the model for Wadi Zerqa watershed. The model was then applied to simualte four years …

Effects Of Baffles On The Performance Of Anerobic Waste Stabilization Ponds, Stephen B. Nielson, E. Joe Middlebrooks, Donald B. Porcella

Reports

The performance of three baffled model ponds was monitored and compared to the performance of an unbaffled model pond utilizing four hydraulic and organic loading rates. All four ponds were operated simultaneously under the same environmental conditions using a synthetic wastewater. Removal of organic carbon by the biological system in the different pond configurations only varied from 94-98 percent at the longest detention time (15 days); however, a considerable effect of the baffling was observed at the lower detention times. At a hydraulic detention time of 1.5 days the percent carbon removal was 53, 60, 62, and 70 percent for …

Effects Of Temperature On The Toxicity To The Aquatic Biota Of Waste Discharges - A Compilation Of The Literature, E. Joe Middlebrooks, M. J. Gaspar, R. D. Gaspar, J. H. Reynolds, Donald B. Porcella

Reports

An extensive compiliation and general evaluation of the literature is presented which describes the temperature interaction with toxicity. Recent literature is summarized and made accessible along with a few generalized relationships such that researchers may design studies in a manner that will increase the utility of their results. A detailed indexing system is employed which makes the information contained in the report accessible by author, toxicant, and text organism. Summary tables of the most pertinent literature are also presented for easy subject retrieval. It was concluded that very little uniformity in experimental design is found between experiments on temperature-toxicity relationships, …

Modeling The Eutrophication Process: Workshop Proceedings, P. H. Mcgauhey, E. B. Welch, C. A. Rock, J. D. Krull, D. P. Larsen, H. T. Mercier, K. W. Malueg, D. D. Huff, J. F. Koonce, W. R. Ivarson, P. R. Weiler, E. H. Dettmann, R. F. Harris, G. D. Cooke

Reports

No abstract provided.

Ecological Implications Of Dimethyl Mercury In An Aquatic Food Chain, Lawrence P. Kolb, Donald B. Porcella, E. Joe Middlebrooks

Reports

Laboratory studies indicate dimethyl mercury may be a major product of microbial methylation of inorganic mercury. Although another methylation product, monomethyl mercury, has been extensively studied, the physical, chemical, and biologicl factors affecting the transport and food chain distribution of dimethyl mercury have remained unclear. This report presents results of laboratory studies of volatilization rates from water as a function of temperature and mixing conditions, uptake kinetics and equilibrium concentrations in algae,

Interregional Planning Of Water Resources Allocations By Systems Analysis Approach , John E. Keith, Jay C. Andersen, Alton B. King, Mark H. Anderson, Calvin G. Clyde, Daniel H. Hoggan

Reports

No abstract provided.

Hydraulic Tests On Model Of Manifold Of The Pumps Of The 1974 Extension Of The Yorktown Power Station With All Combinations Of One And Two Branches Taken Out Of Operation, Roland W. Jeppson, Calvin G. Clyde, Charles Kincaid

Reports

Introduction: A description of the fabrication of the manifold model and the design of the facilities constructed to test the model under various steady state flow conditions is given in the previous report. All tests included in the last report were with equal flows occurring in each of the five branches. Since the operation of the prototype manifold will necessitate that one, and possibly two pumps, be taken out of operations when the demand for cooling water is at a minimum, Browth & Root, Inc. requested taht the performance of the manifold model be determined under steady-state conditions with: (1) …

Bathymetry Of The Chesapeake Bay, Victor Goldsmith, Carolyn H. Sutton

Reports

Coordinates: W 77⁰30ʹ--W 75⁰30ʹ/N 39⁰30ʹ--N 37⁰.

Bathymetry based on depths from National Ocean Survey sounding sheets, contoured to mean low water datum.

Scale 1:224,700 at 37⁰ latitude.

Original chart size 141x80cm. | 55.5x31.5inches

Bathymetric Chart Series No. 2.

Bibliography Of Latin American Agricultural Production And Development. Volume I: Inputs And Outputs In Crop And Livestock Production, Allen Lebaron, Samuel Daines, Percy Aitken, Ruby Johnson, Angeles Ely

Reports

No abstract provided.

Sorption Kinetics Part I: A Laboratory Investigation Of Six Proposed Rate Laws Using Batch Reactors, David W. Hendricks, Laxman G. Kuratti

Reports

Six proposed rate equations for sorption kinetics have been investigated by laboratory batch experiments involving some 270 individual “runs” to determine sorption uptake with time for varying conditions of initial sorbate concentration, temperature, and sorbent species. The sorbate selected was rhodamine-B dye, used because it will sorb readily and is easily measured. Two sorbents, Dowex 50 resin, and Filtrasorb 200 activated carbon were used. Temperature conditions were 10, 20, 30, and 40°C, and concentrations ranged from .0008 to 400 micrograms per ml, rhodamine-B. Analysis of data was computer automated, requiring as input only test conditions, instrument readings, dilutions, and corresponding …

Modification Of A Continuous Ice Crystal Replicator, Paul D. Thornley

Reports

A continuous ice-crystal replicator was modified by the addition of a gear drive to the cating wheel. This modification utilizes a positive drive force on the coating wheel rather than the friction force between the coating wheel and the film. The coating wheel operates successfully for at least 12 hours without slippage or damage to the film. Studies have uncovered several deficiencies in the replicator design which could be corrected. The correction of these deficiencies would lead to an improved quality of ice-crystal replicas. The need for continued studies in the fluid properties of Formvar solution is pointed out. Information …

A Preliminary Model Of The Hydrologic-Sociologic Flow System Of An Urban Area, Wade H. Andrews, J. Paul Riley, Craig W. Colton, George B. Shih, Malcolm B. Masteller

Reports

This report describes the first phase of a larger study which is directed toward the development of a general technique for analyzing and solving urban metropolitan hydrologic problems through a joint consideration of both the physical and social dimensions. This report is limited to the preliminary work of identification of social variables, the first steps in assigning mathematical values to them, and developing a mathematical format for these variables. In addition, the physical-hydrologic system is identified for purposes of clarifying the elements in that system. The ultimate objective of the entire study is directed toward discovering a theoretical and generally …

A Review Of Utah Water Research Laboratory, Utah Water Research Laboratory

Reports

No abstract provided.

The Economic Efficiency Of Inter-Basin Agricultural Water Transfers In Utah: A Mathematical Programming Approach, John E. Keith, Jay C. Andersen, Calvin G. Clyde

Reports

The economic efficiency of water development in Utah, including transfer systems, has seldom been examined, not has the costs of public policies which result in deviations from efficient allocations. In order that public officials be better informed about water allocations, the present effort examines the efficient allocation of water in time frames up to 2020 under several alternative assumtions and calculates that cost of alternative policies. Using mathematical programming techniques, a computer model is developed to determine the supply (marginal cost) and demand (value or marginal product) relationships for agricultural water, given depletions for municipal and industrial (M&I) and wetland …

Computer Simulation Of The Hydrologic And Salinity Flow Systems Within The Bear River Basin, Robert W. Hill, Eugene K. Israelsen, J. Paul Riley

Reports

Accompanying the increased use of water resources is an increases accumulation of chemical pollutants. Te prevent degradation of the water resources beyong useful limits, pollution inputs from additional uses must be quite accurately predicted prior to implementation of the new use. The model described in this report was formulated to provide the required predictive capability for the Bear River Basin. Modeling concepts of the hydrologic system are based upon the development of basin relationships describing the hydrologic processes which are linked together by the countinuity-of-mass principle. The salinity flow system is then linked to the hydrologic system based on the …

Hydrologic Inventory Of The Bear River Study Unit, Frank W. Haws

Reports

Purpose and Scope of Study.

The 1963 Utah State Legislature authorized the Utah Water and Power Board (now the Utah Division of Water Resources) to develop a state water plan in order to give coordination and direction to the activities of all state and federal agencies concerned with Utah's water resources. To facilitate the development of this plan, a proposal was submitted through the State Planning Coordinator in the Governor's Office to the Urban Renewal Administration of the Housing and Home Finance Agency. Funding was approved effective May 19, 1966, under the Urban Planning Assistance Program authorized by Section 701 …