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Articles 1 - 22 of 22
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
A Micro-Raman Study Of Exfoliated Few-Layered N-Type Bi2 Te2.7Se0.3, Fengjiao Liu, Longyu Hu, Mehmet Karakaya, Pooja Puneet, Rahul Rao, Ramakrishna Podila, Sriparna Bhattacharya, Apparao M. Rao
A Micro-Raman Study Of Exfoliated Few-Layered N-Type Bi2 Te2.7Se0.3, Fengjiao Liu, Longyu Hu, Mehmet Karakaya, Pooja Puneet, Rahul Rao, Ramakrishna Podila, Sriparna Bhattacharya, Apparao M. Rao
Publications
Previously we showed that the thermoelectric (TE) performance of bulk n-type Bi2Te.27Se0.3 can be enhanced by subjecting it to a combined process of chemical or mechanical exfoliation (C/ME) followed by a rapid densification and restacking of the exfoliated layers via the spark-plasma-sintering technique (SPS). Here, we present a systematic micro-Raman study of two-dimensional flakes of n-type Bi2Te2.7Se0.3 produced by the C/ME process, as a function of the flake thickness. We found Raman evidence for flakes with: (i) integer number of quintuples which exhibited a strong electron-phonon coupling, and …
A Micro-Raman Study Of Exfoliated Few-Layered N-Type Bi2 Te2.7 Se0.3, Liu Fengjiao, Karakaya Mehmet, Pooja Puneet, Rahul Rao, Podila Ramakrishna, Sriparna Bhattacharya, Apparao M. Rao
A Micro-Raman Study Of Exfoliated Few-Layered N-Type Bi2 Te2.7 Se0.3, Liu Fengjiao, Karakaya Mehmet, Pooja Puneet, Rahul Rao, Podila Ramakrishna, Sriparna Bhattacharya, Apparao M. Rao
Publications
Previously we showed that the thermoelectric (TE) performance of bulk n-type Bi2Te2.7Se0.3 can be enhanced by subjecting it to a combined process of chemical or mechanical exfoliation (C/ME) followed by a rapid densification and restacking of the exfoliated layers via the spark-plasma-sintering technique (SPS). Here, we present a systematic micro-Raman study of two-dimensional flakes of n-type Bi2Te2.7Se0.3 produced by the C/ME process, as a function of the flake thickness. We found Raman evidence for flakes with: (i) integer number of quintuples which exhibited a strong electron-phonon coupling, and …
Automated Cluster Provisioning And Workflow Management For Parallel Scientific Applications In The Cloud, Brandon Posey, Christopher Gropp, Alexander Herzog, Amy Apon
Automated Cluster Provisioning And Workflow Management For Parallel Scientific Applications In The Cloud, Brandon Posey, Christopher Gropp, Alexander Herzog, Amy Apon
Publications
Many commercial cloud providers and tools are available that researchers could utilize to advance computational science research. However, adoption by the research community has been slow. In this paper we describe the automated Pro-visioning And Workflow (PAW) management tool for parallel scientific applications in the cloud. PAW is a comprehensive resource provisioning and workflow tool that automates the steps of dynamically provisioning a large scale cluster environment in the cloud, executing a set of jobs or a custom workflow and, after the jobs have completed, de-provisioning the cluster environment in a single operation. A key characteristic of PAW is that …
The Nustar Extragalactic Survey: Average Broadband X-Ray Spectral Properties Of The Nustar-Detected Agns, A. Delmoro, D. M. Alexander, J. A. Bauer, F. Civano, J. R. Mullaney, D. R. Ballantyne, W. N. Brandt, A. Comastri, P. Gandhi, F. A. Harrison, G. B. Lansbury, L. Lanz, B. Luo, S. Marchesi, S. Puccetti, C. Ricci, C. Saez, D. Stern, E. Treister, L. Zappacosta
The Nustar Extragalactic Survey: Average Broadband X-Ray Spectral Properties Of The Nustar-Detected Agns, A. Delmoro, D. M. Alexander, J. A. Bauer, F. Civano, J. R. Mullaney, D. R. Ballantyne, W. N. Brandt, A. Comastri, P. Gandhi, F. A. Harrison, G. B. Lansbury, L. Lanz, B. Luo, S. Marchesi, S. Puccetti, C. Ricci, C. Saez, D. Stern, E. Treister, L. Zappacosta
Publications
We present a study of the average X-ray spectral properties of the sources detected by the NuSTAR extragalactic survey, comprising observations of the Extended Chandra Deep Field South (E-CDFS), Extended Groth Strip (EGS), and the Cosmic Evolution Survey (COSMOS). The sample includes 182 NuSTAR sources (64 detected at 8–24 keV), with 3–24 keV fluxes ranging between and 6 × 10−13 erg cm−2 s−1 ( erg cm−2 s−1) and redshifts in the range of . We produce composite spectra from the Chandra + NuSTAR data (, rest frame) for all the sources with redshift identifications …
Maneuverable Applications: Advancing Distributed Computing, William Clay Moody, Amy W. Apon
Maneuverable Applications: Advancing Distributed Computing, William Clay Moody, Amy W. Apon
Publications
Extending the military principle of maneuver into the war-fighting domain of cyberspace, academic and military researchers have produced many theoretical and strategic works, though few have focused on researching the applications and systems that apply this principle. We present a survey of our research in developing new architectures for the enhancement of parallel and distributed applica-tions. Specifically, we discuss our work in applying the military concept of maneuver in the cyberspace domain by creating a set of applications and systems called “ma-neuverable applications.” Our research investigates resource provisioning, application optimization, and cybersecurity enhancement through the modification, relocation, addition or removal …
Laplacian Distribution And Domination, Domingos M. Cardoso, David P. Jacobs, Vilmar Trevisan
Laplacian Distribution And Domination, Domingos M. Cardoso, David P. Jacobs, Vilmar Trevisan
Publications
No abstract provided.
Variations In Biocorona Formation Related To Defects In The Structure Of Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes And The Hyperlipidemic Disease State, Achyut J. Raghavendra, Kristofer Fritz, Sherleen Fu, Jared M. Brown, Ramakrishna Podila, Jonathan H. Shannahan
Variations In Biocorona Formation Related To Defects In The Structure Of Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes And The Hyperlipidemic Disease State, Achyut J. Raghavendra, Kristofer Fritz, Sherleen Fu, Jared M. Brown, Ramakrishna Podila, Jonathan H. Shannahan
Publications
Ball-milling utilizes mechanical stress to modify properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) including size, capping, and functionalization. Ball-milling, however, may introduce structural defects resulting in altered CNT-biomolecule interactions. Nanomaterial-biomolecule interactions result in the formation of the biocorona (BC), which alters nanomaterial properties, function, and biological responses. The formation of the BC is governed by the nanomaterial physicochemical properties and the physiological environment. Underlying disease states such as cardiovascular disease can alter the biological milieu possibly leading to unique BC identities. In this ex vivo study, we evaluated variations in the formation of the BC on single-walled CNTs (SWCNTs) due to physicochemical …
Forces And Disease: Electrostatic Force Differences Caused By Mutations In Kinesin Motor Domains Can Distinguish Between Disease-Causing And Non-Disease-Causing Mutations, Lin Li, Yunhui Peng, Subash Godar, Ivan Getov, Shaolei Teng, Joshua Alper, Emil Alexov
Forces And Disease: Electrostatic Force Differences Caused By Mutations In Kinesin Motor Domains Can Distinguish Between Disease-Causing And Non-Disease-Causing Mutations, Lin Li, Yunhui Peng, Subash Godar, Ivan Getov, Shaolei Teng, Joshua Alper, Emil Alexov
Publications
The ability to predict if a given mutation is disease-causing or not has enormous potential to impact human health. Typically, these predictions are made by assessing the effects of mutation on macromolecular stability and amino acid conservation. Here we report a novel feature: the electrostatic component of the force acting between a kinesin motor domain and tubulin. We demonstrate that changes in the electrostatic component of the binding force are able to discriminate between disease-causing and non-disease-causing mutations found in human kinesin motor domains using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC). Because diseases may originate from multiple effects not related to …
Correlation Of Trichome Density And Length And Polyphenol Fluorescence With Susceptibility Of Five Cucurbits To Didymella Bryoniae, Gabriel Rennberger, A. P. Keinath, M. Hess
Correlation Of Trichome Density And Length And Polyphenol Fluorescence With Susceptibility Of Five Cucurbits To Didymella Bryoniae, Gabriel Rennberger, A. P. Keinath, M. Hess
Publications
The fungal pathogen Didymella bryoniae causes gummy stem blight and black rot on a broad spectrum of cucurbits. However the substantial differences in susceptibility among Cucurbitaceae are not well studied. Susceptibility was characterized with muskmelon (Cucumis melo), watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), cucumber (Cucumis sativus), pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo), and zucchini (C. pepo). Lesion diameters on leaf disks inoculated with agar plugs were measured 7 days after inoculation, and the necrotized areas of leaf disks inoculated with conidial suspensions were measured 48 h after inoculation (hai). For each species, the number of trichomes …
A Convenient Miniature Test Platform For Polyelectrolyte Membrane Fuel-Cell Research, Jamie A. Shetzline, Saheed Bukola, Stephen E. Creager
A Convenient Miniature Test Platform For Polyelectrolyte Membrane Fuel-Cell Research, Jamie A. Shetzline, Saheed Bukola, Stephen E. Creager
Publications
A simple and convenient small-scale fuel-cell test platform was created from a commercial compression fitting and graphite rod current collectors and used to conduct diagnostic tests on disk-shaped membrane-electrode assemblies (MEAs) fabricated from Nafion membranes and Nafion-impregnated platinum-on-carbon-cloth anodes and cathodes. A key advantage of this test platform is that it requires very little material, perhaps just a few milligrams, to conduct a fuel-cell test on a supported catalyst. Electrochemically-active surface area (ECSA) values for supported platinum on carbon-cloth electrodes were obtained by in-situ(in the fuel cell) and ex-situ (in liquid electrolyte) cyclic voltammetry on similarly-prepared electrodes, and values …
A Revision Of Prespelea Park (Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae), Michael S. Caterino, Laura M. Vásquez-Vélez
A Revision Of Prespelea Park (Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae), Michael S. Caterino, Laura M. Vásquez-Vélez
Publications
We revise the genus Prespelea Park, redefining and redescribing the two previously known species, P.copelandi Park and P. quirsfeldi Park, and adding ten new species: P. parki Caterino & Vásquez-Vélez, sp. n., P.minima Caterino & Vásquez-Vélez, sp. n., P. morsei Caterino & Vásquez-Vélez, sp. n., P. divergens Caterino & Vásquez-Vélez, sp. n., P. carltoni Caterino & Vásquez-Vélez, sp. n., P. myersae Caterino & Vásquez-Vélez, sp. n., P. georgiensis Caterino & Vásquez-Vélez, sp. n., P. enigma Caterino & Vásquez-Vélez, sp. n., P. wagneriCaterino & Vásquez-Vélez, sp. n., and P. basalis Caterino …
Electromagnetic Radio Frequency Heating In The Pulsed Electric Current Sintering (Pecs) Process, Yufei Liu, D. H. Liebenberg
Electromagnetic Radio Frequency Heating In The Pulsed Electric Current Sintering (Pecs) Process, Yufei Liu, D. H. Liebenberg
Publications
Pulsed electric current sintering offers rapid sintering of many materials compared with hot press sintering. Earlier studies had demonstrated that neither sparks nor plasma formation occur in a typical apparatus such as Dr. Sinter™. Hitchcock et al. showed that electromagnetic radio frequency (rf) emission occurred during the pulsing current and suggested this emission was a relevant augmentation to the hot press sintering in addition to the current flow in the specimen. In this report the importance of rf emission in the sintering process is demonstrated and opportunities to further exploit this approach to improve the sintering process are suggested.
Exchange Of Polar Lipids From Adults To Neonates In Daphnia Magna: Perturbations In Sphingomyelin Allocation By Dietary Lipids And Environmental Toxicants, Namrata Sengupta, Delaney C. Reardon, Patrick D. Gerard, William S. Baldwin
Exchange Of Polar Lipids From Adults To Neonates In Daphnia Magna: Perturbations In Sphingomyelin Allocation By Dietary Lipids And Environmental Toxicants, Namrata Sengupta, Delaney C. Reardon, Patrick D. Gerard, William S. Baldwin
Publications
Because xenosensing nuclear receptors are also lipid sensors that regulate lipid allocation, we hypothesized that toxicant-induced modulation of HR96 activity would alter lipid profiles and the balance between adult survival and neonate production following exposure in Daphnia magna. Adult daphnids were exposed to unsaturated fatty acid- and toxicant- activators or inhibitors of HR96 and later starved to test whether chemical exposure altered allocation toward survival or reproduction. The HR96 activators, linoleic acid and atrazine, decreased reproduction as expected with concomitant changes in the expression of HR96 regulated genes such as magro. The HR96 inhibitors, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and triclosan, …
Effects Of Protein Corona On Iapp Amyloid Aggregation, Fibril Remodelling, And Cytotoxicity, Emily H. Pilkington, Yanting Xing, Bo Wang, Aleksandr Kakinen, Miaoyi Wang, Thomas P. Davis, Feng Ding, Pu Chen Ke
Effects Of Protein Corona On Iapp Amyloid Aggregation, Fibril Remodelling, And Cytotoxicity, Emily H. Pilkington, Yanting Xing, Bo Wang, Aleksandr Kakinen, Miaoyi Wang, Thomas P. Davis, Feng Ding, Pu Chen Ke
Publications
Aggregation of islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP), a peptide hormone co-synthesized and co-stored with insulin in pancreatic cells and also co-secreted to the circulation, is associated with beta-cell death in type-2 diabetes (T2D). In T2D patients IAPP is found aggregating in the extracellular space of the islets of Langerhans. Although the physiological environments of these intra- and extra-cellular compartments and vascular systems significantly differ, the presence of proteins is ubiquitous but the effects of protein binding on IAPP aggregation are largely unknown. Here we examined the binding of freshly-dissolved IAPP as well as pre-formed fibrils with two homologous proteins, namely cationic …
Moliere: Automatic Biomedical Hypothesis Generation System, Justin Sybrandt, Michael Shtutman, Ilya Safro
Moliere: Automatic Biomedical Hypothesis Generation System, Justin Sybrandt, Michael Shtutman, Ilya Safro
Publications
Hypothesis generation is becoming a crucial time-saving technique which allows biomedical researchers to quickly discover implicit connections between important concepts. Typically, these systems operate on domain-specific fractions of public medical data. MOLIERE, in contrast, utilizes information from over 24.5 million documents. At the heart of our approach lies a multi-modal and multi-relational network of biomedical objects extracted from several heterogeneous datasets from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). These objects include but are not limited to scientific papers, keywords, genes, proteins, diseases, and diagnoses. We model hypotheses using Latent Dirichlet Allocation applied on abstracts found near shortest paths discovered …
Random Access In Nondelimited Variable-Length Record Collections For Parallel Reading With Hadoop, Jason Anderson, Christopher Gropp, Linh Ngo, Amy W. Apon
Random Access In Nondelimited Variable-Length Record Collections For Parallel Reading With Hadoop, Jason Anderson, Christopher Gropp, Linh Ngo, Amy W. Apon
Publications
The industry standard Packet CAPture (PCAP) format for storing network packet traces is normally only readable in serial due to its lack of delimiters, indexing, or blocking. This presents a challenge for parallel analysis of large networks, where packet traces can be many gigabytes in size. In this work we present RAPCAP, a novel method for random access into variable-length record collections like PCAP by identifying a record boundary within a small number of bytes of the access point. Unlike related heuristic methods that can limit scalability with a nonzero probability of error, the new method offers a correctness guarantee …
Correlated Mutation In The Evolution Of Catalysis In Uracil Dna Glycosylase Superfamily, Bo Xia, Yinling Liu, Jose Guevara, Jing Li, Celeste Jilich, Ye Yang, Liangjiang Wang, Brian N. Dominy, Weiguo Cao
Correlated Mutation In The Evolution Of Catalysis In Uracil Dna Glycosylase Superfamily, Bo Xia, Yinling Liu, Jose Guevara, Jing Li, Celeste Jilich, Ye Yang, Liangjiang Wang, Brian N. Dominy, Weiguo Cao
Publications
Enzymes in Uracil DNA glycosylase (UDG) superfamily are essential for the removal of uracil. Family 4 UDGa is a robust uracil DNA glycosylase that only acts on double-stranded and single-stranded uracil-containing DNA. Based on mutational, kinetic and modeling analyses, a catalytic mechanism involving leaving group stabilization by H155 in motif 2 and water coordination by N89 in motif 3 is proposed. Mutual Information analysis identifies a complexed correlated mutation network including a strong correlation in the EG doublet in motif 1 of family 4 UDGa and in the QD doublet in motif 1 of family 1 UNG. Conversion of EG …
Vizspace: Interaction In The Positive Parallax Screen Plane, Oyewole Oyekoya, Emily Sassard, Tiana Johnson
Vizspace: Interaction In The Positive Parallax Screen Plane, Oyewole Oyekoya, Emily Sassard, Tiana Johnson
Publications
The VizSpace is a physically situated interactive system that combines touch and hand interactions behind the screen to create the effect that users are reaching inside and interacting in a 3D virtual workspace. It extends the conventional touch table interface with hand tracking and 3D visualization to enable interaction in the positive parallax plane, where the binocular focus falls behind the screen so as not to occlude projected images. This paper covers the system design, human factors and ergonomics considerations for an interactive and immersive gesture-based visualization system. Results are presented from a preliminary user study that validates the usability …
Contribution Of Engineered Nanomaterials Physicochemical Properties To Mast Cell Degranulation, Monica M. Johnson, Ryan Mendoza, Achyut J. Raghavendra, Ramakrishna Podila, Jared M. Brown
Contribution Of Engineered Nanomaterials Physicochemical Properties To Mast Cell Degranulation, Monica M. Johnson, Ryan Mendoza, Achyut J. Raghavendra, Ramakrishna Podila, Jared M. Brown
Publications
The rapid development of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) has grown dramatically in the last decade, with increased use in consumer products, industrial materials, and nanomedicines. However, due to increased manufacturing, there is concern that human and environmental exposures may lead to adverse immune outcomes. Mast cells, central to the innate immune response, are one of the earliest sensors of environmental insult and have been shown to play a role in ENM-mediated immune responses. Our laboratory previously determined that mast cells are activated via a non-FcεRI mediated response following silver nanoparticle (Ag NP) exposure, which was dependent upon key physicochemical properties. Using …
Charge-Transfer Interactions Induce Surface Dependent Conformational Changes In Apolipoprotein Biocorona, Achyut J. Raghavendra, Nasser Alsaleh, Jared M. Brown, Ramakrishna Podila
Charge-Transfer Interactions Induce Surface Dependent Conformational Changes In Apolipoprotein Biocorona, Achyut J. Raghavendra, Nasser Alsaleh, Jared M. Brown, Ramakrishna Podila
Publications
Upon introduction into a biological system, engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) rapidly associate with a variety of biomolecules such as proteins and lipids to form a biocorona. The presence of “biocorona” influences nano–bio interactions considerably, and could ultimately result in altered biological responses. Apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I), the major constituent of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), is one of the most prevalent proteins found in ENM-biocorona irrespective of ENM nature, size, and shape. Given the importance of ApoA-I in HDL and cholesterol transport, it is necessary to understand the mechanisms of ApoA-I adsorption and the associated structural changes for assessing consequences of ENM exposure. Here, …
High Order Algebraic Splitting For Magnetohydrodynamics Simulation, Mine Akbas, Muhammad Mohebujjaman, Leo G. Rebholz, Mengying Xiao
High Order Algebraic Splitting For Magnetohydrodynamics Simulation, Mine Akbas, Muhammad Mohebujjaman, Leo G. Rebholz, Mengying Xiao
Publications
This paper proposes, analyzes and tests high order algebraic splitting methods for magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flows. The main idea is to apply, at each time step, Yosida-type algebraic splitting to a block saddle point problem that arises from a particular incremental formulation of MHD. By doing so, we dramatically reduce the complexity of the nonsymmetric block Schur complement by decoupling it into two Stokes-type Schur complements, each of which is symmetric positive definite and also is the same at each time step. We prove the splitting is O(Δt3) accurate, and if used together with (block-)pressure correction, is fourth order. …
Delphiforce, A Tool For Electrostatic Force Calculations: Applications To Macromolecular Binding, Lin Li, Arghya Chakravorty, Emil Alexov
Delphiforce, A Tool For Electrostatic Force Calculations: Applications To Macromolecular Binding, Lin Li, Arghya Chakravorty, Emil Alexov
Publications
Long-range electrostatic forces play an important role in molecular biology, particularly in macromolecular interactions. However, calculating the electrostatic forces for irregularly shaped molecules immersed in water is a difficult task. Here, we report a new tool, DelPhiForce, which is a tool in the DelPhi package that calculates and visualizes the electrostatic forces in biomolecular systems. In parallel, the DelPhi algorithm for modeling electrostatic potential at user-defined positions has been enhanced to include triquadratic and tricubic interpolation methods. The tricubic interpolation method has been tested against analytical solutions and it has been demonstrated that the corresponding errors are negligibly small at …