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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Subterranean Occurrence Of Anaspides Tasmaniae (Thomson) (Crustacea, Syncarida), W. D. Williams
Subterranean Occurrence Of Anaspides Tasmaniae (Thomson) (Crustacea, Syncarida), W. D. Williams
International Journal of Speleology
Anaspides tasmaniae is recorded from a subterranean habitat for the first time. The only difference noted from surface forms was the smaller amount of pigment present.
Die Vertreter Der Gattung Spelaeodiscus Brusina 1886 (Gastropoda, Pulmonata) In Jugoslawien, Jože Bole
Die Vertreter Der Gattung Spelaeodiscus Brusina 1886 (Gastropoda, Pulmonata) In Jugoslawien, Jože Bole
International Journal of Speleology
In Yugoslavia there are 5 species of the Genus Spelaeodiscus (Gastropoda, Pulmonata): Sp. hauffeni (F. Schmidt), Sp. triaria (Rossmàssler), Sp. albanicus (A. J. Wagner), Sp. unidentatus Bole and Sp. obodensis sp. n., decribed here. The anatomical researches on Sp. hauffeni (F. Schmidt) and Sp. unidentatus Bole have proved that they belong to the family of the Pupillidae and not to the one of the Valloniidae. This fact confirms the opinion of Hudec, according to whom the genus Spelaeodiscus belongs to the family of the Pupillidae.
Östliche Gruppe Der Monolistrini (Crust., Isoopoda): Ii.Biologischer Teil, Boris Sket
Östliche Gruppe Der Monolistrini (Crust., Isoopoda): Ii.Biologischer Teil, Boris Sket
International Journal of Speleology
Following the first systematic part, in this paper the author describes the biological observations made on these Isopod Crustaceans of underground waters. The different sexual characters of the particular groups and the related differences in the behaviour before copulation are described. During the embryonic and larval development small differences between sub-genus are reported. To the differences in Caecospaeroma (according to Daum) the first and second “mancastadium” and another “postmanca stadium” with pereiopods VII not wholly formed have to be added. The author describes the growth of the different parts of the corps and the extremities, comprising the sexual characters.
Contribution À L'Étude De Certains Lithobiidae (Chilopoda) Des Grottes De Roumanie, Stefan Negrea
Contribution À L'Étude De Certains Lithobiidae (Chilopoda) Des Grottes De Roumanie, Stefan Negrea
International Journal of Speleology
This paper comprises the ecological and zoogeographical data of 21 systematic units of Lithobiidae coming from 100 Romanian caves (Transylvania, Banat, Oltenie and Dobroudja). Initially the author describes in a summarising way the provenance of the studied material, after which he exposes for every species the results of observations carried out by several authors and by himself. Finally he formulates the conclusions concerning ecology and biogeography resulting from his observations. These data are summarised in a synoptic table in which three species can be considered troglobionts, two of which are blind; these are Harpolithobius oltenicus Negrea; Lithobius decapolitus Matic, Negrea …
Recherches Phréatobiologiques Ii: La Capture Des Niphargus Adultes Par Le Procéde Des Sondages Karaman-Chappuis. Les Crues Et La Biocenose De La Nappe Phréatique, Constantin Motas, Eugène Serban
Recherches Phréatobiologiques Ii: La Capture Des Niphargus Adultes Par Le Procéde Des Sondages Karaman-Chappuis. Les Crues Et La Biocenose De La Nappe Phréatique, Constantin Motas, Eugène Serban
International Journal of Speleology
The present note calls into question the opinion of different authors concerning the presence or lack of adult Niphargus near the phreatic table (superior layer of phreatic water) in zones prospected by Karaman-Chappuis method. Our investigations have proved the reason for which Niphargus adults were less frequent in the superior layer of the phreatic water is rather concerned with our investigation means - which are very approximate - than with the ecological or ethological requirements of these animals. The assertion that the phreatic fauna performs downward migrations during the floods must be considered as doubtful. During floods it is impossible …
Die Pflanzenwelt Der Höhlen Bei Lillafüred, Klara Verseghy
Die Pflanzenwelt Der Höhlen Bei Lillafüred, Klara Verseghy
International Journal of Speleology
The vegetation of the Forràs and Istvàn caves at Lillafured in Hungary is composed of algae, micro- and macrofungi and mosses. The algae in both caves are represented by unicellular Cyanophyta and Chlorophyta with small species numbers. The macrofungi are Coprinus and Polyporacea spp. while it was impossible to identify the microfungi. The moss flora is richly developed and it can be supposed to represent a secondary vegetation at the artificially illuminated places of the caves. In Forràs cave 7, and in Istvàn cave 15 different mosses were found, only 3 of which proved to be common to both caves: …
Contribution À L'Étude De La Biologie D'Asellus Cavaticus Leydig (Note Préliminaire), Jean-Paul Henry
Contribution À L'Étude De La Biologie D'Asellus Cavaticus Leydig (Note Préliminaire), Jean-Paul Henry
International Journal of Speleology
The cavernicole asellid Asellus cavaticus Leydig has been reared in our laboratory for more than twenty months, permitting us to give some data on the sexual cycle of this species. Females provided with brood pouches seem to be more numerous in the spring, as is the case with the subterranean amphipod Niphargus virei Chevreux. The average length of the incubation period seems much shorter than that of other troglobitic species such as Niphargus virei Chevreux or Caecosphaeroma burgundum Dollfus, so that the life cycle of our species is nearer to that of epigean Asellus. The number of young per …
Faune Des Eaux Souterraines Saumâtres De L'Asie Centrale, J. A. Birstein, S. I. Ljovuschkin
Faune Des Eaux Souterraines Saumâtres De L'Asie Centrale, J. A. Birstein, S. I. Ljovuschkin
International Journal of Speleology
In the cave Kaptar-Khana (south-western Turkmenistan) was discovered a lake filled with water with a salinity of 11,68‰. This lake is inhabited by a fauna of marine origin - Foraminifera (three species), Molluscs (Pseudocaspia ljovuschkini sp.n.), Harpacticoida (genera Ectinosoma, Schizopera and Nitocra), Isopoda (Microcharon halophilus sp.n.) and possibly Nematoda (Oncholaimidae). The majority of the discovered species are related to species of circum-Mediterranean origin. Geological data do not permit to consider this fauna as a relict of any of the tertiary seas. The same applies to all other cases when animals of marine origin were discovered …
La Présence De Bogidiella Albertimagni Hertzog 1933 En Roumanie Et Quelques Remarques Sur Les Espèces Européennes Du Genre, Dan Dancau, Eugène Serban
La Présence De Bogidiella Albertimagni Hertzog 1933 En Roumanie Et Quelques Remarques Sur Les Espèces Européennes Du Genre, Dan Dancau, Eugène Serban
International Journal of Speleology
Studying several Bogidiella individuals collected from the phreatic biotope of Cerna Valley (Oltenia region) using Karaman-Chappuis method, authors announce the presence of Bogidiella albertimagni Hertzog in Romania. After a description of the studied individuals, the authors talk about some problems concerning the taxonomic value of B. albertimagni and B. skopljensis Karaman (this second species being formerly known in Romania) and the validity of B. denticulata Mestrov described from Yugoslavia.
Notes Sur Les Coleopteres Cavernicoles De Bulgarie. V. Balcanobius Etropolensis Gen.N.; Sp.N. - Nouveau Bathysciinae Cavernicole Du Groupe Des Brachyscapes (Catopidae, Coleoptera), Vassil B. Gueorguiev
Notes Sur Les Coleopteres Cavernicoles De Bulgarie. V. Balcanobius Etropolensis Gen.N.; Sp.N. - Nouveau Bathysciinae Cavernicole Du Groupe Des Brachyscapes (Catopidae, Coleoptera), Vassil B. Gueorguiev
International Journal of Speleology
Three caves of the central part of the Bulgarian Balkan (Stara planina, close to the village of Etropolé) host cavernicolous beetles of the subfamily Bathysciinae (family of Catopidae) that constitute a new genus of the Brachyscapes group. In this paper the diagnosis of this new troglobe genus together with the description of the type species Balcanobius etropolensis, gen.n., sp.n. are given. The new genus is then inserted in the dichotomic table as defined by R. Jeannel, placing it close to the other two Yugoslavian genus Parapropus and Spelaeodromus.
Les Chauves-Souris Cavernicoles De La Suisse, Villy Aellen
Les Chauves-Souris Cavernicoles De La Suisse, Villy Aellen
International Journal of Speleology
Bats, familiar to speleologists, play an important part in animal ecology in caves. Indirectly by their guano, they provide a source of food for numerous cave-dwelling animals and directly, by their own more or less constant presence. 26 species of bats are known from Switzerland, 15 of which occur in caves. Miniopterus schreibersi is considered the only true cave-dweller. The exact distribution of the rare species, including those occurring outside caves, is found in the text and is also indicated on the accompanying maps.
Karsthydrologische Forschungen In Den Höhlen Ungarns, Hubert Kessler
Karsthydrologische Forschungen In Den Höhlen Ungarns, Hubert Kessler
International Journal of Speleology
Although Hungary does not belong to the large Karst countries, extensive speleologic and karst-hydrologic investigations are carried out. On the one hand, Hungary owns one of the largest stalactite caves in the world, on the other hand the majority of raw materials and the connected industries are linked with Karst regions which pose particular water supply problems. The largest water supplying caves are in the North of Hungary. The best known cave is the Aggtelek cave with a length of 22 km, but there are numerous other, recently disclosed caves of a length of 1-5 km, which were discovered by …
Laboratory And Field Evidence For A Vadose Origin Of Foibe (Domepits), Max W. Reams
Laboratory And Field Evidence For A Vadose Origin Of Foibe (Domepits), Max W. Reams
International Journal of Speleology
Foiba (plural, foibe) is a term derived from the northeastern Italian karst region. The word is here suggested for use in preference to other terms referring to vertical cavities in soluble rocks. Foiba is defined as a cavity in relatively soluble rock which is natural, solutional, tends toward a cylindrical shape, and possesses walls which normally approach verticality. In laboratory experiments, limestone blocks were treated with dilute hydrochloric acid, and cavities resembling foibe were produced. Vertical walls developed only when a less soluble layer capped the limestone block or when the acid source was stationary, allowing acid to drip to …
Sur Les Confluences Souterraines, Marcian Bleahu
Sur Les Confluences Souterraines, Marcian Bleahu
International Journal of Speleology
The development of a subterranean drainage system depends on the way in which subterranean confluences between different rivers can be formed. Different from surface, in which confluences are determined by processes related to the surface runoff of water, in subterranean karst confluences have a random pattern and are related to certain circumstances independent of the underground flow. These conditions are: pre-existence of circulation ways and the way they are distributed in space. At these the peculiar processes of subterranean karst flow determined by the flow under pressure, the only one that can explain the systematic appearance of confluences, have to …
Beiträge Zur Kenntnis Der Brunnenfauna Im Tal Des Flusses Bela Reca (Rumänien), Constantin Motas, Iosif Capuse
Beiträge Zur Kenntnis Der Brunnenfauna Im Tal Des Flusses Bela Reca (Rumänien), Constantin Motas, Iosif Capuse
International Journal of Speleology
After an introduction, comprising a historical summary on the researches on well fauna, a description of the study area in which 13 water wells have been investigated is given. The authors explain the adopted working method and indicate the physical and chemical characteristics of the waters (temperature, pH, alkalinity, hardness, O2-content, fixed residuum, suspended matter, N2O5, P2O5, NaCl, Ca, Fe). The fauna of the wells of Mehadia (see systematic part) is composed of 34 species: 1 Triclade, 3 Oligochaeta, 2 Gastropods, 5 Cladocera, 1 Ostracod, 3 Copepods, 4 Isopods, 2 …
Preliminary Note On The Algae Of Crystal Cave, Kentucky, J. P. Nagy
Preliminary Note On The Algae Of Crystal Cave, Kentucky, J. P. Nagy
International Journal of Speleology
Collections of a preliminary type carried out in Crystal Cave, Kentucky, resulted in the identification of seven algal taxa. A Chamaesiphon (Dermocarpales) and an Asterocytis (Bangioidea) are reported for the first time from a speleo-environment. As no correlation could be found among the algae occurring in Crystal Cave and those of nearby Mammoth Cave the conclusion is reached that the cave algal floras do not originate from the algal vegetation of the surface but may have gotten into the caves at the time of the latter’s formation.
Grottes Du Banat (Roumanie) Explorées En 1963, Stefan Negrea, Alexandrina Negrea, V. Sencu, Lazare Botoşaneanu
Grottes Du Banat (Roumanie) Explorées En 1963, Stefan Negrea, Alexandrina Negrea, V. Sencu, Lazare Botoşaneanu
International Journal of Speleology
The paper contains the description of 23 natural or artificial underground cavities in the Banat mountains, grouped in karst zones. It is in all respects a continuation of a preceding volume (Botosaneanu, Negrea & Negrea,1963) on the caves of the Romanian Banat.
Algological Investigations In Mammoth Cave, Kentucky, H. J. Jones
Algological Investigations In Mammoth Cave, Kentucky, H. J. Jones
International Journal of Speleology
Algological investigations carried out in the Mammoth Cave, Kentucky, revealed the presence of twenty-seven taxa representing all divisions of the Algae except the Pyrrhophyta and Phaeophyta; diatoms although observed in the samples were not dealt with in the present paper. One species, Oscillitoria clausiana spec. nov. and a form Lyngbya pusilla fa. tenuior fa. nov., both belonging to the Cyanophyta are new to science. In addition, several other rare and interesting algae were found. A comparison is made between the algal flora of the Mammoth Cave and algae found in several European caves. The ecology of the cavernicole algae is …
Diatoms From Mammoth Cave, Kentucky, Sam L. Van Landingham
Diatoms From Mammoth Cave, Kentucky, Sam L. Van Landingham
International Journal of Speleology
Samples collected in Mammoth Cave, Kentucky, revealed the presence of a diversified but not too abundant diatom community in the cave. As the material was not subjected to culturing experiments but was investigated immediately after arrival, both in native and permanent preparations, it was possible to: 1. ascertain that the majority of the diatoms contained well developed, apparently healthy and functioning chloroplasts and 2. to get a rough estimate of the actual number of specimens present in a microhabitat. The identifications resulted in the recognition of 16 diatom taxa of which possibly 4 are new to science. Further studies are, …
Daten Zur Kenntnis Der Algenflora Der Höhle Kölyuk Von Mánfa, George Claus
Daten Zur Kenntnis Der Algenflora Der Höhle Kölyuk Von Mánfa, George Claus
International Journal of Speleology
The Kolyuk cave lies in the southern part of Hungary in the Mecsek Mountains, about 3 km. in distance from the village of Mànfa. The material accepted for investigation originated from a recently discovered and until now completely entombed part of the cave. It was collected by the geologist Gàbor Magyari and consisted of material scraped from the walls and ceiling of a cavity in the cave, which could be reached only by underwater swimming. From these scrapings cultures were installed with sterile Knopp solution and after the algae present in the collection reproduced, a diversified flora developed which consisted …