Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Single-Crystal Investigation Of The Proposed Type-Ii Weyl Semimetal Cealge, Halyna Hodovanets, C. J. Eckberg, P. Y. Zavalij, Hyunsoo Kim, W. C. Lin, M. Zic, D. J. Campbell, J. S. Higgins, J. Paglione

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We present details of materials synthesis, crystal structure, and anisotropic magnetic properties of single crystals of CeAlGe, a proposed type-II Weyl semimetal. Single-crystal x-ray diffraction confirms that CeAlGe forms in a noncentrosymmetric I4₁md space group, in line with predictions of nontrivial topology. Magnetization, specific heat, and electrical transport measurements were used to confirm antiferromagnetic order below 5 K, with an estimated magnon excitation gap of Δ = 9.11 K from heat capacity and hole-like carrier density of 1.4 x 10²⁰ cm^-3 from Hall effect measurements. The easy magnetic axis is along the [100] crystallographic direction, indicating …

Facial Expression Recognition By De-Expression Residue Learning, Huiyuan Yang, Umur Ciftci, Lijun Yin

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

A facial expression is a combination of an expressive component and a neutral component of a person. In this paper, we propose to recognize facial expressions by extracting information of the expressive component through a de-expression learning procedure, called De-expression Residue Learning (DeRL). First, a generative model is trained by cGAN. This model generates the corresponding neutral face image for any input face image. We call this procedure de-expression because the expressive information is filtered out by the generative model; however, the expressive information is still recorded in the intermediate layers. Given the neutral face image, unlike previous works using …

Almost Periodic Functions In Quantum Calculus, Martin Bohner, Jaqueline Godoy Mesquita

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Research & Creative Works

In this article, we introduce the concepts of Bochner and Bohr almost periodic functions in quantum calculus and show that both concepts are equivalent. Also, we present a correspondence between almost periodic functions defined in quantum calculus and N₀, proving several important properties for this class of functions. We investigate the existence of almost periodic solutions of linear and nonlinear q-difference equations. Finally, we provide some examples of almost periodic functions in quantum calculus.

Author Correction: Femtosecond Laser Mass Spectrometry And High Harmonic Spectroscopy Of Xylene Isomers (Scientific Reports (2018) Doi: 10.1038/S41598-018-22055-9), Abdullah Alharbi, Andrewy E. Boguslavskiy, Dane Austin, Nicolas Thire, D. Wood, P. Hawkins, Felicity Mcgrath, A. S. Johnson, I. Lopez-Quintas, Bruno Schmidt, Francois Legare, J. P. Marangos, Anh-Thu Le, Ravi Bhardwaj

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

The original version of this Article contained a typographical error in the spelling of the author Nicolas Thiré, which was incorrectly given as Nicholas Thiré. Nicolas Thiré was also incorrectly affiliated with 'Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano, IQFR-CSIC, Serrano 119, 28006, Madrid, Spain'. The correct affiliation is listed below.

INRS-EMT, Advanced Laser Light Source, 1650 Lionel-Boulet Bvd, Varennes, J3X1S2, Canada.

This has now been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the Article and in the accompanying Supplementary Information file.

Search For Subsolar-Mass Ultracompact Binaries In Advanced Ligo's First Observing Run, B. P. Abbott, Marco Cavaglia, For Full List Of Authors, See Publisher's Website.

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We present the first Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo search for ultracompact binary systems with component masses between 0.2 M_⊙-1.0 M_⊙ using data taken between September 12, 2015 and January 19, 2016. We find no viable gravitational wave candidates. Our null result constrains the coalescence rate of monochromatic (delta function) distributions of nonspinning (0.2 M_⊙, 0.2 M_⊙) ultracompact binaries to be less than 1.0 x 10⁶ Gpc^-3 yr^-1 and the coalescence rate of a similar distribution of (1.0 M_⊙, 1.0 M_⊙) ultracompact binaries to be less …

Prospects For Observing And Localizing Gravitational-Wave Transients With Advanced Ligo, Advanced Virgo And Kagra, Benjamin P. Abbott, Marco Cavaglia, For Full List Of Authors, See Publisher's Website.

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We present possible observing scenarios for the Advanced LIGO, Advanced Virgo and KAGRA gravitational-wave detectors over the next decade, with the intention of providing information to the astronomy community to facilitate planning for multi-messenger astronomy with gravitational waves. We estimate the sensitivity of the network to transient gravitational-wave signals, and study the capability of the network to determine the sky location of the source. We report our findings for gravitational-wave transients, with particular focus on gravitational-wave signals from the inspiral of binary neutron star systems, which are the most promising targets for multi-messenger astronomy. The ability to localize the sources …

Bounding The Moment Deficit Rate On Crustal Faults Using Geodetic Data: Application To Southern California, Jeremy Maurer, Kaj Johnson, Paul Segall

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The interseismic moment deficit rate (MDR) constrains the potential for future moment release in earthquakes. Published estimates of the geodetic MDR in Southern California vary by a factor of 3 depending on the type of forward model, method of estimation, and data quality. It is our aim to determine to what degree these discrepancies may be explained by quantifying the uncertainty for a given class of forward models, accounting for data errors and limited model resolution. We apply a new method, the Constrained Optimization Bounding Estimator, to bound the MDR in Southern California using geodetic data and an elastic plate-block …

Application Of A Hygroscopicity Tandem Differential Mobility Analyzer For Characterizing Pm Emissions In Exhaust Plumes From An Aircraft Engine Burning Conventional And Alternative Fuels, Max B. Trueblood, Prem Lobo, Donald E. Hagen, Steven C. Achterberg, Wenyan Liu, Philip D. Whitefield

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

In the last several decades, significant efforts have been directed toward better understanding the gaseous and particulate matter (PM) emissions from aircraft gas turbine engines. However, limited information is available on the hygroscopic properties of aircraft engine PM emissions which play an important role in the water absorption, airborne lifetime, obscuring effect, and detrimental health effects of these particles. This paper reports the description and detailed labbased performance evaluation of a robust hygroscopicity tandem differential mobility analyzer (HTDMA) in terms of hygroscopic properties such as growth factor (GF) and the hygroscopicity parameter (κ). The HTDMA system was subsequently deployed during …

Capillary-Tube Package Devices For The Quantitative Performance Evaluation Of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometers And Pulse Sequences, Lingyu Chi, Ming Huang, Annalise R. Pfaff, Jie Huang, Rex E. Gerald Ii, Klaus Woelk

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

With the increased sensitivity of modern nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometers, the minimum amount needed for chemical-shift referencing of NMR spectra has decreased to a point where a few microliters can be sufficient to observe a reference signal. The reduction in the amount of required reference material is the basis for the NMR Capillary-tube Package (CapPack) platform that utilizes capillary tubes with inner diameters smaller than 150 µm as NMR-tube inserts for external reference standards. It is shown how commercially available electrophoresis capillary tubes with outer diameters of 360 µm are filled with reference liquids or solutions and then permanently …

Exploring Best Lossy Compression Strategy By Combining Sz With Spatiotemporal Decimation, Xin Liang, Sheng Di, Sihuan Li, Dingwen Tao, Zizhong Chen, Franck Cappello

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

In today’s extreme-scale scientific simulations, vast volumes of data are being produced such that the data cannot be accommodated by the parallel file system or the data writing/ reading performance will be fairly low because of limited I/O bandwidth. In the past decade, many snapshot-based (or space-based) lossy compressors have been developed, most of which rely on the smoothness of the data in space. However, the simulation data may get more and more complicated in space over time steps, such that the compression ratios decrease significantly. In this paper, we propose a novel, hybrid lossy compression method by leveraging spatiotemporal …

Improving Error-Bounded Compression For Cosmological Simulation, Sihuan Li, Sheng Di, Xin Liang, Zizhong Chen, Franck Cappello

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Cosmological simulations may produce extremely large amount of data, such that its successful run depends on large storage capacity and huge I/O bandwidth, especially in the exascale computing scale. Effective error-bounded lossy compressors with both high compression ratios and low data distortion can significantly reduce the total data size while guaranteeing the data valid for post-analysis. In this poster, we propose a novel, efficient compression model for cosmological N-body simulation framework, by combining the advantages of both space-based compression and time-based compression. The evaluation with a well-known cosmological simulation code shows that our proposed solution can get much higher compression …

Correlated Tunneling Dynamics Of An Ultracold Fermi-Fermi Mixture Confined In A Double Well, J. Erdmann, Simeon I. Mistakidis, P. Schmelcher

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We Unravel The Correlated Tunneling Dynamics Of A Mass Imbalanced Few-Body Fermi-Fermi Mixture Upon Quenching The Tilt Of A Double Well. The Nonequilibrium Dynamics Of Both Species Changes From Rabi Oscillations Close To The Noninteracting Limit To A Delayed Tunneling Dynamics For Moderate Interspecies Repulsions. Considering Strong Interspecies Interactions, The Lighter Species Experiences Quantum Self-Trapping Due To The Heavier Species Which Acts As An Effective Material Barrier, While Performing Almost Perfect Rabi Oscillations. The Degree Of Entanglement, Inherent In The System, Is Analyzed And Found To Be Significant At Both Moderate And Strong Repulsions. To Relate Our Findings To Possible …

Early Detection Of Disease Using Electronic Health Records And Fisher's Wishart Discriminant Analysis, Sijia Yang, Jian Bian, Zeyi Sun, Licheng Wang, Haojin Zhu, Haoyi Xiong, Yu Li

Engineering Management and Systems Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) is a simple and effective technique for pattern classification, while it is also widely-used for early detection of diseases using Electronic Health Records (EHR) data. However, the performance of LDA for EHR data classification is frequently affected by two main factors: ill-posed estimation of LDA parameters (e.g., covariance matrix), and "linear inseparability" of the EHR data for classification. To handle these two issues, in this paper, we propose a novel classifier FWDA -- Fisher's Wishart Discriminant Analysis, which is developed as a faster and robust nonlinear classifier. Specifically, FWDA first surrogates the distribution of "potential" inverse …

Phase Contrast Time-Lapse Microscopy Datasets With Automated And Manual Cell Tracking Annotations, Dai Fei Elmer Ker, Zhaozheng Yin, For Full List Of Authors, See Publisher's Website.

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Phase contrast time-lapse microscopy is a non-destructive technique that generates large volumes of image-based information to quantify the behaviour of individual cells or cell populations. To guide the development of algorithms for computer-aided cell tracking and analysis, 48 time-lapse image sequences, each spanning approximately 3.5 days, were generated with accompanying ground truths for C2C12 myoblast cells cultured under 4 different media conditions, including with fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2), FGF2 + BMP2, and control (no growth factor). The ground truths generated contain information for tracking at least 3 parent cells and their descendants within these …

Bio-Inspired Polydopamine Surface Modification Of Nanodiamonds And Its Reduction Of Silver Nanoparticles, Yun Zeng, Wenyan Liu, Risheng Wang

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Surface functionalization of nanodiamonds (NDs) is still challenging due to the diversity of functional groups on the ND surfaces. Here, we demonstrate a simple protocol for the multifunctional surface modification of NDs by using mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDA) coating. In addition, the functional layer of PDA on NDs could serve as a reducing agent to synthesize and stabilize metal nanoparticles. Dopamine (DA) can self-polymerize and spontaneously form PDA layers on ND surfaces if the NDs and dopamine are simply mixed together. The thickness of a PDA layer is controlled by varying the concentration of DA. A typical result shows that a …

Crustal Azimuthal Anisotropy Beneath The Southeastern Tibetan Plateau And Its Geodynamic Implications, Tuo Zheng, Zhifeng Ding, Jieyuan Ning, Lijun Chang, Xingchen Wang, Fansheng Kong, Kelly H. Liu, Stephen S. Gao

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The fast orientation and magnitude of crustal azimuthal anisotropy beneath the southeastern Tibetan Plateau and adjacent areas are measured by analyzing the sinusoidal moveout of the P to S converted phase from the Moho. Beneath the tectonically active plateau, the mean magnitude is 0.48 ±Â 0.13 s, which is about twice as large as that observed in the stable Sichuan Basin (0.23 ±Â 0.10 s). The two areas are separated by the Longmenshan fault zone, a zone of devastating earthquakes including the 12 May 2008 M_W 7.9 Wenchuan earthquake. Fault orthogonal fast orientations observed in the southern Longmenshan fault …

Multicellular Models Bridging Intracellular Signaling And Gene Transcription To Population Dynamics, Mohammad Aminul Islam, Satyaki Roy, Sajal K. Das, Dipak Barua

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Cell signaling and gene transcription occur at faster time scales compared to cellular death, division, and evolution. Bridging these multiscale events in a model is computationally challenging. We introduce a framework for the systematic development of multiscale cell population models. Using message passing interface (MPI) parallelism, the framework creates a population model from a single-cell biochemical network model. It launches parallel simulations on a single-cell model and treats each stand-alone parallel process as a cell object. MPI mediates cell-to-cell and cell-to-environment communications in a server-client fashion. In the framework, model-specific higher level rules link the intracellular molecular events to cellular …

Quench Dynamics Of Finite Bosonic Ensembles In Optical Lattices With Spatially Modulated Interactions, T. Plaßmann, Simeon I. Mistakidis, P. Schmelcher

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Nonequilibrium Quantum Dynamics Of Few Boson Ensembles Which Experience A Spatially Modulated Interaction Strength And Are Confined In Finite Optical Lattices Is Investigated. We Utilize A Cosinusoidal Spatially Modulated Effective Interaction Strength Which Is Characterized By Its Wavevector, Inhomogeneity Amplitude, Interaction Offset And A Phase. Performing Quenches Either On The Wavevector Or The Phase Of The Interaction Profile An Enhanced Imbalance Of The Interatomic Repulsion Between Distinct Spatial Regions Of The Lattice Is Induced. Following Both Quench Protocols Triggers Various Tunneling Channels And A Rich Excitation Dynamics Consisting Of A Breathing And A Cradle Mode. All Modes Are Shown …

Polymer Coated Gold-Ferric Oxide Superparamagnetic Nanoparticles For Theranostic Applications, Muhammad Raisul Abedin, Siddesh Umapathi, Harika Mahendrakar, Tunyaboon Laemthong, Holly Coleman, Denise Muchangi, Santimukul Santra, Manashi Nath, Sutapa Barua

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Background: Engineered inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) are essential components in the development of nanotechnologies. For applications in nanomedicine, particles need to be functionalized to ensure a good dispersibility in biological fluids. In many cases however, functionalization is not sufficient: the particles become either coated by a corona of serum proteins or precipitate out of the solvent. We show that by changing the coating of magnetic iron oxide NPs using poly-l-lysine (PLL) polymer the colloidal stability of the dispersion is improved in aqueous solutions including water, phosphate buffered saline (PBS), PBS with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and cell culture medium, and …

Explosive Dust Test Vessel Comparison Using Pulverized Pittsburgh Coal, Jacob Miller, Jay Schafler, Phillip R. Mulligan, Robert Eades, Kyle A. Perry, Catherine E. Johnson

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Explosions of coal dust are a major safety concern within the coal mining industry. The explosion and subsequent fires caused by coal dust can result in significant property damage, loss of life in underground coal mines and damage to coal processing facilities. The United States Bureau of Mines conducted research on coal dust explosions until 1996 when it was dissolved. In the following years, the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) developed a test standard, ASTM E1226, to provide a standard test method characterizing the “explosibility” of particulate solids of combustible materials suspended in air. The research presented herein …

Gw170817: Measurements Of Neutron Star Radii And Equation Of State, B. P. Abbott, Marco Cavaglia, For Full List Of Authors, See Publisher's Website.

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

On 17 August 2017, the LIGO and Virgo observatories made the first direct detection of gravitational waves from the coalescence of a neutron star binary system. The detection of this gravitational-wave signal, GW170817, offers a novel opportunity to directly probe the properties of matter at the extreme conditions found in the interior of these stars. The initial, minimal-assumption analysis of the LIGO and Virgo data placed constraints on the tidal effects of the coalescing bodies, which were then translated to constraints on neutron star radii. Here, we expand upon previous analyses by working under the hypothesis that both bodies were …

Real-Time Observation Of Molecular Spinning With Angular High-Harmonic Spectroscopy, Lixin He, Pengfei Lan, Anh-Thu Le, Baoning Wang, Bincheng Wang, Xiaosong Zhu, Peixiang Lu, C. D. Lin

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We demonstrate an angular high-harmonic spectroscopy method to probe the spinning dynamics of a molecular rotation wave packet in real time. With the excitation of two time-delayed, polarization-skewed pump pulses, the molecular ensemble is impulsively kicked to rotate unidirectionally, which is subsequently irradiated by another delayed probe pulse for high-order harmonic generation (HHG). The spatiotemporal evolution of the molecular rotation wave packet is visualized from the time-dependent angular distributions of the HHG yields and frequency shift measured at various polarization directions and time delays of the probe pulse. The observed frequency shift in HHG is demonstrated to arise from the …

The Rotational Spectrum And Potential Energy Surface Of The Ar-Sio Complex, Michael C. Mccarthy, Steve Alexandre Ndengue, Richard Dawes

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The rotational spectra of five isotopic species of the Ar-SiO complex have been observed at high-spectral resolution between 8 and 18 GHz using chirped Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy and a discharge nozzle source; follow-up cavity measurements have extended these measurements to as high as 35 GHz. The spectrum of the normal species is dominated by an intense progression of a-type rotational transitions arising from increasing quanta in the Si-O stretch, in which lines up to v = 12 (~14 500 cm^-1) were identified. A structural determination by isotopic substitution and a hyperfine analysis of the Ar-Si¹⁷O …

Novel Porous Polymer Compositions For The Synthesis Of Monolithic Bimodal Microporous/Macroporous Carbon Compositions Useful For Selective Co₂ Sequestration, Nicholas Leventis, Chariklia Sotiriou-Leventis, Malik Adnan Saeed

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The present invention discloses novel porous polymeric compositions comprising random copolymers of amides, imides, ureas, and carbamic-anhydrides, useful for the synthesis of monolithic bimodal microporous/macroporous carbon aerogels. It also discloses methods for producing said microporous/macroporous carbon aerogels by the reaction of a polyisocyanate compound and a polycarboxylic acid compound, followed by pyrolytic carbonization, and by reactive etching with CO₂ at elevated temperatures. Also disclosed are methods for using the microporous/macroporous carbon aerogels in the selective capture and sequestration of carbon dioxide.

Solid State Nmr Spectroscopy/Imaging In Situ Measuring Devices And Methods For Calibration And Determining One Or More Quantitative Properties Of A Target Sampleabstract, Lingyu Chi, Ming Huang, R. Gerald Ii, Klaus Woelk

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

In situ measuring devices, methods of making the same, and methods of using the same are provided herein. The in situ measuring devices can include a capillary tube having a reference material sealed inside the capillary tube, where the capillary tube is positioned inside of a solid state or MAS NMR rotor. A target sample can also be positioned in the interior of the solid state or MAS NMR rotor but is sequestered from the reference material by a capillary tube wall. The in situ measuring devices can be used in solid state MAS NMR spectroscopy to quantify one or …

Solid State Nmr Spectroscopy/Imaging In Situ Measuring Devices And Methods For Calibration And Determining One Or More Quantitative Properties Of A Target Sample, Lingyu Chi, Ming Huang, Rex E. Gerald, Klaus Woelk

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

In situ measuring devices, methods of making the same, and methods of using the same are provided herein. The in situ measuring devices can include a capillary tube having a reference material sealed inside the capillary tube, where the capillary tube is positioned inside of a solid state or MAS NMR rotor. A target sample can also be positioned in the interior of the solid state or MAS NMR rotor but is sequestered from the reference material by a capillary tube wall. The in situ measuring devices can be used in solid state MAS NMR spectroscopy to quantify one or …

A Further Extension Of The Extended Riemann-Liouville Fractional Derivative Operator, Martin Bohner, Gauhar Rahman, Shahid Mubeen, Kottakkaran Sooppy Nisar

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Research & Creative Works

The main objective of this paper is to establish the extension of an extended fractional derivative operator by using an extended beta function recently defined by Parmar et al. by considering the Bessel functions in its kernel. We also give some results related to the newly defined fractional operator, such as Mellin transform and relations to extended hypergeometric and Appell's function via generating functions.

Electronic Fingerprints Of Cr And V Dopants In The Topological Insulator Sb₂Te₃, Wenhan Zhang, Damien West, Seng Huat Lee, Yunsheng Qiu, Cui-Zu Chang, Jagadeesh S. Moodera, Yew San Hor, Shengbai Zhang, Weida Wu

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

By combining scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy and first-principles calculations, we systematically study the local electronic states of magnetic dopants V and Cr in the topological insulator (TI) Sb₂Te₃. Spectroscopic imaging shows diverse local defect states between Cr and V, which agree with our first-principle calculations. The unique spectroscopic features of V and Cr dopants provide electronic fingerprints for the codoped magnetic TI samples with the enhanced quantum anomalous Hall effect. Our results also facilitate the exploration of the underlying mechanism of the enhanced quantum anomalous Hall temperature in Cr/V codoped TIs.

Gravitational Effects In G -Factor Measurements And High-Precision Spectroscopy: Limits Of Einstein's Equivalence Principle, Ulrich D. Jentschura

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We study the interplay of general relativity, the equivalence principle, and high-precision experiments involving atomic transitions and g-factor measurements. In particular, we derive a generalized Dirac Hamiltonian, which describes both the gravitational coupling for weak fields and the electromagnetic coupling, e.g., to a central Coulomb field. An approximate form of this Hamiltonian is used to derive the leading gravitational corrections to transition frequencies and g factors. The position dependence of atomic transitions is shown to be compatible with the equivalence principle, up to a very good approximation. The compatibility of g-factor measurements requires a deeper subtle analysis in order to …

Tunnel Diode Resonator For Precision Magnetic Susceptibility Measurements In A Mk Temperature Range And Large Dc Magnetic Fields, Hyunsoo Kim, M. A. Tanatar, R. Prozorov

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Precision radio-frequency measurements of the magnetic susceptibility using the tunnel diode resonator (TDR) technique are used to study the delicate effects in magnetic and superconducting materials. High resolution (in ppb range) measurements are particularly important for studies of the London and Campbell penetration depths in a superconductor and for the investigation of magnetic transitions in (anti)ferromagnets. Due to the small rf magnetic-excitation in a mOe range, the TDR is especially useful at low-temperatures in a mK range, if Joule heating generated in the TDR circuitry is efficiently removed and the circuit is stabilized with sub-mK precision. Unfortunately, the circuit has …