Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Introduction To Adobe Dreamweaver, Christy Allen

Christy Allen

No abstract provided.

A Historical Usage-Based Approach Supporting Scientific Service Reuse, Jia Zhang, John Alexandar, Wei Tan, Ian Foster, Ravi Madduri, Carole Goble

Jia Zhang

No abstract provided.

Investigating Cognitive Task Difficulties And Expert Skills In E-Learning Storyboards Using A Cognitive Task Analysis Technique, Siti Salwah Salim

Siti Salwah Salim Prof. Dr.

E-learning storyboards have been a useful approach in distance learning development to support interaction between instructional designers and subject-matter experts. Current works show that researchers are focusing on different approaches for use in storyboards, and there is less emphasis on the effect of design and process difficulties faced by instructional designers and subject-matter experts. This study explores problem aspects of the cognitive task and the skills required of subject-matter experts by applying a cognitive task analysis approach from the expert point of view. The result shows that subject-matter experts face difficulties in making decisions on three elements during e-learning course …

Structuring Persistent Chat Conversations: Experimental Results Of The Chatsistance Tool, Siti Salwah Salim

Siti Salwah Salim Prof. Dr.

Abstract This research targets persistency by introducing new features in ‘Chatsistance’, a persistent chat tool that employs speech act theory and an explicit referencing technique to structure the chat log, and by providing further options for retrieving information. Earlier theory is related to the linguistics and characteristics of user statements. The later technique shows the relation of artefacts in an interconnected context named ‘explicit referencing’. Although speech actswere previously used in the field of chat, it is the first time that this theory has been used for the purpose of enhancing persistency combined with an explicit referencing technique,which together provide …

On Influence Of Line Segmentation In Efficient Word Segmentation In Old Manuscripts, D. Fernández, J. Lladós, A. Fornés, R. Manmatha

R. Manmatha

The objective of this work is to show the importance of a good line segmentation to obtain better results in the segmentation of words of historical documents. We have used the approach developed by Manmatha and Rothfeder [1] to segment words in old handwritten documents. In their work the lines of the documents are extracted using projections. In this work, we have developed an approach to segment lines more efficiently. The new line segmentation algorithm tackles with skewed, touching and noising lines, so it is significantly improves word segmentation. Experiments using Spanish docu- ments from the Marriages Database of the …

A Framework For Manipulating And Searching Multiple Retrieval Types, Marc-Allen Cartright, Ethem F. Can, William Dabney, Jeff Dalton, Logan Giorda, Kriste Krstovski, Xiaoye Wu, Ismet Zeki Yalniz, James Allan, R. Manmatha, David Smith

R. Manmatha

Conventional retrieval systems view documents as a unit and look at different retrieval types within a document. We introduce Proteus, a frame-work for seamlessly navigating books as dynamic collections which are defined on the fly. Proteus allows us to search various retrieval types. Navigable types include pages, books, named persons, locations, and pictures in a collection of books taken from the Internet Archive. The demonstration shows the value of multi-type browsing in dynamic collections to peruse new data.

Leveraging Fragmental Semantic Data To Enhance Services Discovery, Jia Zhang, Jian Wang, Patrick C.K. Hung, Zheng Li, Jianxiao Liu, Keqing He

Jia Zhang

No abstract provided.

Exploring Commonalities Across Participants In The Neural Representation Of Objects, Svetlana V. Shinkareva, Vicente L. Malave, Marcel Adam Just, Tom M. Mitchell

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.

Background Modeling Using Adaptive Pixelwise Kernel Variances In A Hybrid Feature Space, Erik G. Learned-Miller, Manjunath Narayana, Allen Hanson

Erik G Learned-Miller

Recent work on background subtraction has shown de- velopments on two major fronts. In one, there has been increasing sophistication of probabilistic models, from mix- tures of Gaussians at each pixel [ 7 ], to kernel density esti- mates at each pixel [ 1 ], and more recently to joint domain- range density estimates that incorporate spatial informa- tion [ 6 ]. Another line of work has shown the benefits of increasingly complex feature representations, including the use of texture information, local binary patterns, and re- cently scale-invariant local ternary patterns [ 4 ]. In this work, we use joint …

Finding Translations In Scanned Book Collections, Ismet Zeki Yalniz, R. Manmatha

R. Manmatha

This paper describes an approach for identifying translations of books in large scanned book collections with OCR errors. The method is based on the idea that although individual sentences do not necessarily preserve the word order when translated, a book must preserve the linear progression of ideas for it to be a valid translation. Consider two books in two different languages, say English and German. The English book in the collection is represented by the sequence of words (in the order they appear in the text) which appear only once in the book. Similarly, the book in German is represented …

Scene Text Recognition With Bilateral Regression, Jacqueline Feild, Erik G. Learned-Miller

Erik G Learned-Miller

This paper focuses on improving the recognition of text in images of natural scenes, such as storefront signs or street signs. This is a difficult problem due to lighting conditions, variation in font shape and color, and complex backgrounds. We present a word recognition system that addresses these difficulties using an innovative technique to extract and recognize foreground text in an image. First, we develop a new method, called bilateral regression, for extracting and modeling one coherent (although not necessarily contiguous) region from an image. The method models smooth color changes across an image region without being corrupted by neighboring …

Maa*: A Heuristic Search Algorithm For Solving Decentralized Pomdps, Daniel Szer, Francois Charpillet, Shlomo Zilberstein

Shlomo Zilberstein

We present multi-agent A* (MAA*), the first complete and optimal heuristic search algorithm for solving decentralized partially-observable Markov decision problems (DEC- POMDPs) with finite horizon. The algorithm is suitable for computing optimal plans for a cooperative group of agents that operate in a stochastic environment such as multi-robot coordination, network traffic control, or distributed resource allocation. Solving such problems effectively is a major challenge in the area of planning under uncertainty. Our solution is based on a synthesis of classical heuristic search and decentralized control theory. Experimental results show that MAA* has significant advantages. We introduce an anytime variant of …

Unsupervised Joint Alignment And Clustering Using Bayesian Nonparametrics, Marwan Mattar, Allen Hanson, Erik G. Learned-Miller

Erik G Learned-Miller

Joint alignment of a collection of functions is the process of independently transforming the func- tions so that they appear more similar to each other. Typically, such unsupervised alignment al- gorithms fail when presented with complex data sets arising from multiple modalities or make re- strictive assumptions about the form of the func- tions or transformations, limiting their general- ity. We present a transformed Bayesian infinite mixture model that can simultaneously align and cluster a data set. Our model and associated learning scheme offer two key advantages: the optimal number of clusters is determined in a data-driven fashion through the …

An Interview With Stephen A. Cook, Philip L. Frana

Philip L Frana

Stephen A. Cook, winner of the 1982 AM Turing Award, reflects on his career. nature of nP-complete class of problems has been one of the most active and important research activities in computer science.” Cook further discusses the feasibility of solving the P versus nP problem, which has recently received renewed attention given increasingly powerful computational capabilities and the decreasing cost of computing. In a September 2009 Communications article, Lance Fortnow wrote that Cook's work on computational ...

Learning Hierarchical Representations For Face Verification, Gary B. Huang, Honglak Lee, Erik G. Learned-Miller

Erik G Learned-Miller

Most modern face recognition systems rely on a feature representation given by a hand-crafted image descriptor, such as Local Binary Patterns (LBP), and achieve improved performance by combining several such representations. In this paper, we propose deep learning as a natural source for obtaining additional, complementary representations. To learn features in high-resolution images, we make use of convolutional deep belief networks. Moreover, to take advantage of global structure in an object class, we develop local convolutional restricted Boltzmann machines, a novel convolutional learning model that exploits the global structure by not assuming stationarity of features across the image, while maintaining …

Half-Wits: Software Techniques For Low-Voltage Probabilistic Storage On Microcontrollers With Nor Flash Memory., Mastooreh Salajegheh, Yue Wang, Anxiao Jiang, Erik G. Learned-Miller, Kevin Fu

Erik G Learned-Miller

No abstract provided.

Improvements In Joint Domain-Range Modeling For Background Subtraction, Manjunath Narayana, Allen Hanson, Erik G. Learned-Miller

Erik G Learned-Miller

In many algorithms for background modeling, a distribution over feature values is modeled at each pixel. These models, however, do not account for the dependencies that may exist among nearby pixels. The joint domain-range kernel density estimate (KDE) model by Sheikh and Shah [ 7 ], which is not a pixel-wise model, represents the background and foreground processes by combining the three color dimensions and two spatial dimensions into a five-dimensional joint space. The Sheikh and Shah model, as we will show, has a peculiar dependence on the size of the image. In contrast, we build three-dimensional color distributions at …

Identifying Bilingual Semantic Neural Representations Across Languages, Augusto Buchweitz, Svetlana V. Shinkareva, Robert A. Mason, Tom M. Mitchell, Marcel Adam Just

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.

Optimizing Memory-Bounded Controllers For Decentralized Pomdps, Christopher Amato, Daniel S. Bernstein, Shlomo Zilberstein

Shlomo Zilberstein

We present a memory-bounded optimization approach for solving infinite-horizon decentralized POMDPs. Policies for each agent are represented by stochastic finite state controllers. We formulate the problem of optimizing these policies as a nonlinear program, leveraging powerful existing nonlinear optimization techniques for solving the problem. While existing solvers only guarantee locally optimal solutions, we show that our formulation produces higher quality controllers than the state-of-the-art approach. We also incorporate a shared source of randomness in the form of a correlation device to further increase solution quality with only a limited increase in space and time. Our experimental results show that nonlinear …

Efficient Method Of Visual Feature Extraction For Facial Image Detection And Retrieval, Sameem Abdul Kareem

Sameem Abdul Kareem

Due to the significant increase in the already huge collection of digital images that we have today, it has become imperative to find efficient methods for the archival and retrieval of these images. In this research, a content based human facial image detection and retrieval model is proposed for retrieving facial images of humans based on their visual content from an image database. The research proposes a technique of face segmentation based on which a new method of features extraction from the human face is devised. The capability and effectiveness of the color space models (RGB, HSV, and HSI) on …

Hydrogen Production From Biogas By Oxy-Reforming: Reaction System Analysis, Aleksandra Terlecka, Wojciech M. Budzianowski

Wojciech Budzianowski

Oxy-reforming is emerging as an interesting alternative to conventional methods of hydrogen generation. The current article characterises this process through analysis of individual reactions: SMR (steam methane reforming), WGS (water gas shift) and CPO (catalytic partial oxidation). Analyses relate to optimisation of thermal conditions thus enabling cost-effectivenes of the process.

Cyber Security And Mobile Threats: The Need For Antivirus Applications For Smart Phones, Jorja Wright, Maurice E. Dawson Jr., Marwan Omar

Maurice Dawson

Smartphones are becoming a vehicle to provide an efficient and convenient way toaccess, find and share information; however, the availability of this information hascaused an increase in cyber attacks. Currently, cyber threats range from Trojans andviruses to botnets and toolkits. Presently, 96% of smartphones do not have pre-installedsecurity software. This lack in security is an opportunity for malicious cyber attackers to hackinto the various devices that are popular (i.e. Android, iPhone and Blackberry). Traditionalsecurity software found in personal computers (PCs), such as firewalls, antivirus, andencryption, is not currently available in smartphones. Moreover, smartphones are even morevulnerable than personal computers because …

Support System For Novice Researchers (Ssnr): Usability Evaluation Of The First Use, Maizatul Akmar Ismail

Maizatul Akmar Ismail

Scholars make use of research output in the form of conference proceedings, journal and theses as references as guideline in generating new knowledge for the use of future generations. Support in the early stage of study is crucial for novice researchers as it will give them some insights of where to seek for extra information on relevant literature, institutions, people and research trend without having to go through tedious process of identifying this information all by themselves. The result of the implementation of SSNR shows significant information that can be utilized by novice researchers in accelerating research process. Thus, this …

Digital Reference Service: Concept, Development And Models., Nadim Akhtar Khan, Mohsin Ashraf

NADIM AKHTAR KHAN

Reference Services has always been adapted as means for providing assistance in locating and accessing information resources. With the advancements in web technologies and emergence of Digital libraries the concept of Digital Reference Services revolutionized the library service scenario with consistent developments throughout the world and emergence of some famous Digital Reference Models. The present paper attempts to trace the development of the concept and emergence of different Digital Reference Models along with their features.

Institutional Repositories: Mechanism For Visibility, S M. Shafi, Nadim Akhtar Khan

NADIM AKHTAR KHAN

Institutional repositories are a set of services that a university offers to the members of its community for the management and dissemination of digital materials created by the institution and its community members

Parsing Combinatory Categorial Grammar Via Planning In Answer Set Programming, Yuliya Lierler, Peter Schueller

Yuliya Lierler

An Optimal Real-Time Voltage And Frequency Scaling For Uniform Multiprocessors, Gabriel A. Moreno, Dionisio De Niz

Gabriel A. Moreno

Power consumption is an increasing concern in real-time systems that operate on battery power or require heat dissipation to keep the system at its operating temperature. Today, most processors allow software to change their frequency and voltage of operation to reduce their power consumption. Frequency scaling in real-time systems must be done in a way that ensures that the tasks' deadlines are met. In this paper we present the Growing Minimum Frequency (GMF) algorithm for voltage and frequency scaling in uniform multiprocessors for real-time systems. This algorithm runs in polynomial time and computes the optimal voltage and frequency assignment, achieving …

Data, Data Use, And Inquiry: A New Point Of View On Data Curation, Jillian C. Wallis, Laura A. Wynholds, Christine L. Borgman, Ashley E. Sands, Sharon Traweek

Christine L. Borgman

Data are proliferating far faster than they can be captured, managed, or stored. What types of data are most likely to be used and reused, by whom, and for what purposes? Answers to these questions will inform information policy and the design of digital libraries.

We report findings from semi-structured interviews and field observations to investigate characteristics of data use and reuse and how those characteristics vary within and between scientific communities. The two communities studied are the researchers at the Center for Embedded Network Sensing (CENS) and users of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) data. We found that …

Prescriptive System For Performance Information Management System, Dr. Dipo Theophilus Akomolafe Mbcs, Mncs, Mcpn,, B A. Onyekwelu Mrs, Oniyide Bello

Dr. Dipo Theophilus Akomolafe MBCS, MNCS, MCPN,

Information can be briefly defined as processed data. Information is crucial to the success of any organization because it must be exchanged in one form or the other before activities can be carried out. However, too much information can be overwhelming and lead to poor decision-making. Further, as organizations face an ever-growing wave of digital data, they need to analyze that data and make timely decisions to achieve effective management .Formerly, information was viewed simply as a means of expression, they now serve as the foundation for an organization’s effectiveness and efficiency. Additionally, increased pressures to manage information appropriately, communicate …

A Grid Enabled E-Theses And Dissertations Repository System, Maizatul Akmar Ismail

Maizatul Akmar Ismail

Some of the universities in Malaysia are still implementing hybrid Electronic Theses and Dissertations (ETD) approach in managing Theses and Dissertations (TD). One of the limitations of the hybrid ETD approach is its online cataloguing method, which is only available at the physical location of the TD instead of enabling the information to be retrieved online. Maintaining the performance and the data accessing rate of an ETD system has become challenging, due in part to the high number of scholars who utilise and access the system. In order to allow remote access and maintain the services such as scalability, accessibility, …