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Articles 1 - 30 of 36
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Modeling Sio Maser Emission From Late-Type Stars, Philip B. Lockett, Moshe Elitzur
Modeling Sio Maser Emission From Late-Type Stars, Philip B. Lockett, Moshe Elitzur
Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications
We have performed a thorough study of both radiative and collisional pumping of the SiO masers around late-type stars, carefully considering the combined and separate actions of each type of pump in order to gauge its effectiveness. We find that collisional pumping is severely underestimated when the model calculations use a small number (less than about 18) of rotational levels in each vibrational state. We have developed a procedure that corrects this problem and gives results that are nearly independent of the number of levels utilized in the calculations. We recognize, but do not solve, an important problem that afflicts …
Two New Spotted Variables-Hd 191262 And Hd 191011, Douglas S. Hall, Gregory W. Henry
Two New Spotted Variables-Hd 191262 And Hd 191011, Douglas S. Hall, Gregory W. Henry
Information Systems and Engineering Management Research Publications
New 1988-1990 photometry in V and B with a 16 inch automatic telescope shows that both HD 191262, a previously known chromospherically active binary, and its comparison star HD 191011 are variable, with starspots judged to be the mechanism in both. In HD 191262 and 191011, respectively, spot rotation periods of 5d.4 < P < 5d.7 and 1 7d.4 < P < 23d.0 were found and differential rotation coefficients of k=0.054 and 0.28 were estimated. HD 191011, shown to be a KS giant about 475 parsecs away, had eight different spots present during the 2.5 years of observation.
Galactic Structure From Faint Stromgren Photometry: The Catalog Of Observations, Ted A. Von Hippel
Galactic Structure From Faint Stromgren Photometry: The Catalog Of Observations, Ted A. Von Hippel
Publications
We have initiated the faint photometric survey in the Stromgren system covering about 1 square degree and including 1238 objects in order to develop samples which best probe the thick disk population. The catalog of observations are presented here. They were acquired without kinematic or metallicity biases and are complete to V=17.3-18.5, depending on the field, for 810 early to relatively late type stars. Photometric metallicities were derived for 508 stars and indicate a metal-poor stellar population, consistent with a mixture of thick disk and halo stars. While the Stromgren u-band was not part of the survey, follow-up u-band observations …
Linear Theory Of Non-Neutral Plasma Equilibrium In A Tilted Magnetic Field, Ross L. Spencer, Grant W. Hart
Linear Theory Of Non-Neutral Plasma Equilibrium In A Tilted Magnetic Field, Ross L. Spencer, Grant W. Hart
Faculty Publications
A linear perturbation expansion has been found that allows the rapid and accurate calculation of the response of a non-neutral plasma to a tilted magnetic field. The results of the calculation have been found to agree with previous three-dimensional equilibrium calculations, and also to agree with Keinigs' [Phys. Fluids 24, 860 (1981)] calculation of zero-frequency resonances caused by magnetic field errors. This expansion also allows the perturbed velocity to be calculated. It is speculated that this perturbed flow may be related to the enhanced radial transport in a non-neutral plasma with a tilted magnetic field.
Use Of Raman Spectroscopy In Characterizing Soft X-Ray Multilayers: Tools In Understanding Structure And Interfaces, Ming Cai, Qi Wang, David D. Allred, Larry V. Knight, Dorian M. Hatch, A. Reyes-Mena, Guizhong Zhang
Use Of Raman Spectroscopy In Characterizing Soft X-Ray Multilayers: Tools In Understanding Structure And Interfaces, Ming Cai, Qi Wang, David D. Allred, Larry V. Knight, Dorian M. Hatch, A. Reyes-Mena, Guizhong Zhang
Faculty Publications
Our group is studying the structure and interfaces of soft x-ray multilayers by various techniques including x-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. Raman spectroscopy is particularly useful since it is sensitive to the identity of individual bonds and thus can potentially characterize the abruptness of interfaces in multilayers. Blocking interfacial mixing is very important in achieving and maintaining high reflectivity. We report our studies of the as-deposited and postannealed structure of Mo/Si and W/C multilayers. The Mo/Si system is probably the most widely studied multilayer currently because of its potential applications for soft x-ray projection lithography for the range of 13 …
An Interacting Galaxy Pair In The Bootes Void, D. Weistrop, P. Hintzen, R. C. Kennicut, C. Liu, James Lowenthal, K. P. Cheng, R. Oliversen, B. Woodgate
An Interacting Galaxy Pair In The Bootes Void, D. Weistrop, P. Hintzen, R. C. Kennicut, C. Liu, James Lowenthal, K. P. Cheng, R. Oliversen, B. Woodgate
Astronomy: Faculty Publications
We report the first identified pair of interacting galaxies in the Bootes void. The galaxies, CG 692 (IRAS 1519 + 5050) and CG 693, have redshifts 0.0572 and 0.0575, respectively, and a mutual separation of ∼34 kpc. CG 692 is experiencing widespread star formation, at a rate estimated to be 18.4 M ⊙ yr-1. CG 693 is a Seyfert 1, the third AGN found in the Bootes void, with a small amount of extranuclear star formation. The pair is another example of interacting galaxies displaying starburst and Seyfert activity apparently triggered by the interaction.
Planar H2O Masers In Star-Forming Regions, Moshe Elitzur, David J. Hollenbach, Christopher F. Mckee
Planar H2O Masers In Star-Forming Regions, Moshe Elitzur, David J. Hollenbach, Christopher F. Mckee
Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications
The planar geometry of shocked material is the key property in enabling the high brightness temperatures of H20 masars in star-forming regions. We solve for the brightness temperature, the beaming angle, and the maser spot size for thin, saturated planar masers under the assumption that the velocity change across the maser due to ordered motions is small compared with the thermal or microturbulent line width. For a given set of physical parameters, the brightness temperature is essentially fully determined by the length of the velocity-coherent region in the shocked plane along the line of sight. The geometry in the transverse …
Sic Particles From Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars: Mg Burning And The S-Process, Lawrence E. Brown, Donald D. Clayton
Sic Particles From Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars: Mg Burning And The S-Process, Lawrence E. Brown, Donald D. Clayton
Publications
The question of whether isotopically anomalous SiC particles found in meteorites originate in AGB stars is addressed. It is shown that if the peak helium shell flash temperatures of massive (6-9 solar masses) stars are about 10 percent larger than they are normally assumed to be, alpha particle reactions with the magnesium will become significant. Then the (Mg-29)(alpha, n)Si-29 reaction produces a large excess of Si-29. With a light element nuclear reaction network, the evolution of the silicon isotopic composition during AGB evolution is calculated. It is found that the experimentally determined correlation between excess Si-29 and excess Si-30 in …
Water Masers In W49n - The Youngest Stellar Jet?, Mordecai-Mark Mac Low, Moshe Elitzur
Water Masers In W49n - The Youngest Stellar Jet?, Mordecai-Mark Mac Low, Moshe Elitzur
Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications
Observations by Gwinn, Moran, and Reid of the proper motions of water masers in W49N show that they have an elongated distribution expanding from a common center. Features with high space velocity only occur far from the center, while low-velocity features occur at all distances. It is proposed that water masers in star-forming regions occur in expanding shells swept up by high-velocity winds from young, massive stars during the early phases of the expansion. In W49N, confinement of the bubble by a density distribution with an axial cavity can explain both the velocity field and the shape of the maser …
Line Profile Asymmetries In Chromospherically Active Stars, Robert C. Dempsey, Bernard W. Bopp, Klaus G. Strassmeier, Arno F. Granados, Gregory W. Henry, Douglas S. Hall
Line Profile Asymmetries In Chromospherically Active Stars, Robert C. Dempsey, Bernard W. Bopp, Klaus G. Strassmeier, Arno F. Granados, Gregory W. Henry, Douglas S. Hall
Information Systems and Engineering Management Research Publications
A powerful, new probe of chromospheric activity, cross-correlation, has been developed and applied to a variety of stars. In this particular application, an entire CCD spectrum of an active star is correlated with the spectrum of a narrow-line, inactive star of similar spectral type and luminosity class. Using a number of strong lines in this manner enables the detection of absorption profile asymmetries at moderate resolution (lambda/Delta lambda about 40,000) and S/N 150:1. This technique has been applied to 14 systems mostly RS CVn's, with 10 not greater than nu sin i not greater than 50 km/s and P not …
Speckle And Spectroscopic Orbits Of The Early A-Type Triple System In Virginis, William I. Hartkopf, Harold A. Mcalister, Xinxing Yang, Francis C. Fekel
Speckle And Spectroscopic Orbits Of The Early A-Type Triple System In Virginis, William I. Hartkopf, Harold A. Mcalister, Xinxing Yang, Francis C. Fekel
Information Systems and Engineering Management Research Publications
Eta Virginis is a bright (V = 3.89) triple system of composite spectral type A2 IV that has been observed for over a dozen years with both spectroscopy and speckle interferometry. Analysis of the speckle observations results in a long period of 13.1 yr. This period is also detected in residuals from the spectroscopic observations of the 71.7919 day short-period orbit. Elements of the long-period orbit were determined separately using the observations of both techniques. The more accurate elements from the speckle solution have been assumed in a simultaneous spectroscopic determination of the short- and long-period orbital elements. The magnitude …
Hr 266=Ads 784: An Early Type Spectroscopic, Speckle Astrometric Multiple System, Warren A. Cole, Francis C. Fekel, William I. Hartkopf, Harold A. Mcalister, Jocelyn Tomkin
Hr 266=Ads 784: An Early Type Spectroscopic, Speckle Astrometric Multiple System, Warren A. Cole, Francis C. Fekel, William I. Hartkopf, Harold A. Mcalister, Jocelyn Tomkin
Information Systems and Engineering Management Research Publications
The detection and nature of a 'speckle astrometric' system are reported with attention given to alternative interpretations of the system components. The HR 226 = ADS 784 system is described as a short-period binary (with a period of 4.241148 +/- 0.000008 d) orbiting an unseen companion (with a period of 1769 +/- 10 d), and the triple's visual orbit is 83.10 +/- 0.20 yr. The elements of the various orbits taken from spectroscopic data are employed to develop the model scenarios. The masses and spectral types of the components are developed and used to calculate the inclinations of the short-, …
Fabry-Perot Images Of Ngc 1275 And Its Puzzling High-Velocity System, Adeline Caulet, Bruce E. Woodgate, Larry W. Brown, Theodore R. Gull, Paul Hintzen, James D. Lowenthal, Ronald J. Oliversen, Michael M. Ziegler
Fabry-Perot Images Of Ngc 1275 And Its Puzzling High-Velocity System, Adeline Caulet, Bruce E. Woodgate, Larry W. Brown, Theodore R. Gull, Paul Hintzen, James D. Lowenthal, Ronald J. Oliversen, Michael M. Ziegler
Astronomy: Faculty Publications
We report the first images obtained with the Goddard Fabry-Perot imager, a very sensitive and tunable imaging system designed to achieve the high levels of performance required in the optical studies of faint emission-line extragalactic objects. A velocity sequence of calibrated narrow-band CCD images (FWHM ∼7 Å) has been obtained to cover the 3000 km s-1 velocity space between the redshifted Hα emission lines of NGC 1275 (the central dominant galaxy of the Perseus Cluster), its extended associated system of low-velocity (LV) filaments and the high-velocity (HV) system of knots, projected on the same line of sight in the sky. …
Pressure Dependence Of The Thermal Conductivity Of Pyrophyllite To 40 Kbar, Wei Chen, Daniel L. Decker
Pressure Dependence Of The Thermal Conductivity Of Pyrophyllite To 40 Kbar, Wei Chen, Daniel L. Decker
Faculty Publications
A mathematical model for calculating the temperature distribution as a function of power delivered to a line source and the thermal conductivity of the surrounding medium in the pressure cell of a cubic-anvil press was derived. The model will handle anisotropic thermal conductivities. A simple sample assembly consisting of a line source and two or three thermocouple junctions is described. A comparison of measured to calculated temperatures yields the thermal conductivity. Thermal conductivity measurements were made on natural pyrophyllite and baked pyrophyllite to 40 kbar. For the natural pyrophyllite the thermal conductivity parallel to the bedding plane at room temperature …
The Gamma-Ray Burst Of 3 May 1991 Observed By Comptel On Board Gro, C Winkler, K Bennett, H Bloemen, W Collmar, A Connors, R Diehl, J W. Den Herder, W Hermsen, R M. Kippen, L Kuiper, G G. Lichti, J Lockwood, Mark L. Mcconnell, D Morris, James M. Ryan, V. Schonfelder, J G. Stacy, H Steinle, A W. Strong, B Swanenburg, B G. Taylor, M Varendorff, C De Vries
The Gamma-Ray Burst Of 3 May 1991 Observed By Comptel On Board Gro, C Winkler, K Bennett, H Bloemen, W Collmar, A Connors, R Diehl, J W. Den Herder, W Hermsen, R M. Kippen, L Kuiper, G G. Lichti, J Lockwood, Mark L. Mcconnell, D Morris, James M. Ryan, V. Schonfelder, J G. Stacy, H Steinle, A W. Strong, B Swanenburg, B G. Taylor, M Varendorff, C De Vries
Physics & Astronomy
The Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory was launched on April 5, 1991, carrying the imaging Compton telescope COMPTEL. Since its activation on April 25, 1991, COMPTEL has observed several gamma-ray bursts in its 1-sr field of view. The strongest of these bursts was observed on May 3, 1991. Event data over 0.8 MeV to 30 MeV as well as time resolved spectra over 0.1 MeV to 10 MeV have been recorded. For the first time, a direct single-telescope MeV image of a cosmic gamma-ray burst has been produced. The burst is located at (l,b) = (171.8 deg, 6.4 deg) with a statistical …
The 14.8-H Orbital Period Of Gx339-4, P. J. Callanan, P. A. Charles, W. B. Honey, J. R. Thorstensen
The 14.8-H Orbital Period Of Gx339-4, P. J. Callanan, P. A. Charles, W. B. Honey, J. R. Thorstensen
Dartmouth Scholarship
We present the results of photometric observations of the black hole candidate GX339-4, obtained while the system was in an 'off' state. We show that a 14.8-h modulation was present, and provide evidence for a similar periodicity in the 'high' state from a reanalysis of previously published photometry and spectroscopy. The presence of the same period in both states implies that it is likely to be the orbital period of the system. The spectroscopy analysis provides evidence for an apparent change in the systemic velocity of the system. The amplitude of the observed radial velocity variations, however, permits only crude …
A Study Of A Reimaging System For Correcting Large-Scale Phase Errors In Reflector Antennas, Eugene F. Lauria
A Study Of A Reimaging System For Correcting Large-Scale Phase Errors In Reflector Antennas, Eugene F. Lauria
Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014
This thesis investigates a new approach for dealing with the adverse effects of large-scale deformations in the main reflector of large Cassegrain antennas. In this method, the incident aperture distribution is imaged onto a tertiary focal plane. This is accomplished by using an optical imaging system consisting of a lens mounted behind the Cassegrain focus of the antenna. The lens forms a real image of the product of the incident aperture distribution and the pupil function of the antenna. The pupil function describes the profile of the main reflector of the antenna. If the incident aperture distribution is a plane …
An Algebraic Approach To The Quantization Of Cosntrained Systems: Finite Dimensional Examples, Ranjeet S. Tate
An Algebraic Approach To The Quantization Of Cosntrained Systems: Finite Dimensional Examples, Ranjeet S. Tate
Physics - All Scholarship
We discuss the statistical mechanics of magnetic flux lines in a finite-thickness slab of type-II superconductor. The long wavelength properties of a flux-line liquid in a slab geometry are described by a hydrodynamic free energy that incorporates the boundary conditions on the flux lines at the sample's surface as a surface contribution to the free energy. Bulk and surface weak disorder are modeled via Gaussian impurity potentials. This free energy is used to evaluate the two-dimensional structure factor of the flux-line tips at the sample surface. We find that surface interaction always dominates in determining the decay of translational correlations …
Bar-Spheroid Interaction In Galaxies, Lars Hernquist, Martin D. Weinberg
Bar-Spheroid Interaction In Galaxies, Lars Hernquist, Martin D. Weinberg
Astronomy Department Faculty Publication Series
The secular evolution of barred galaxies is explored using N-body simulation and linear analysis. In particular, we examine the interaction between bars and spheroidal components of galaxies. According to our calculations, this interaction drives secular transfer of angular momentum from bars to spheroids, primarily through resonant coupling. A moderately strong bar, having mass within corotation ~0.3 times the enclosed spheroid mass, is predicted to shed all its angular momentum typically in less than ~10^9^ yr, which is quite short compared to the ages of galactic disks. Even shorter depletion time scales are found for relatively more massive bars. Given that …
Spatial Correlation Between Ch, Cn And The Diffuse Interstellar Band Carriers, J Krelowski, T P. Snow, C G. Seab, J Papaj
Spatial Correlation Between Ch, Cn And The Diffuse Interstellar Band Carriers, J Krelowski, T P. Snow, C G. Seab, J Papaj
Physics Faculty Publications
Observations are presented of the diffuse interstellar bands at 5780 and 5797 A and of the ultraviolet lines of CH and CN in the light of six bright stars which lie behind isolated interstellar clouds. It is found that CN and CH are only present when the 5797 band is deeper than the 5780 one. Comparisons with satellite measurements of the UV extinction show that the shape of the extinction curve is linked to the same band ratio in these stars. The results support a previous suggestion that the various components of the absorption spectrum of an isolated cloud (the …
Multi-Ball Collisions, Terry L. Smith, Jay S. Huebner
Multi-Ball Collisions, Terry L. Smith, Jay S. Huebner
Terry L. Smith
Explanation to use the "double-ball" demonstration as a model for the supernova core bounce.
Stable Isotope Analysis Using Tunable Diode Laser Spectroscopy, Todd Sauke, J. Becker, M. Loewenstein
Stable Isotope Analysis Using Tunable Diode Laser Spectroscopy, Todd Sauke, J. Becker, M. Loewenstein
Todd B. Sauke
Measurements of ratios of stable isotopes are used in such diverse fields as petroleum prospecting, medical diagnostics, and planetary exploration. The narrow emission linewidth available from tunable diode lasers permits high-resolution infrared absorption measurements of closely spaced isotopic rovibrational lines. Our dual beam spectrometer uses the sweep integration technique in a spectral region where adjacent spectral lines are of approximately equal absorbance at the expected isotopic abundances. The experimental results reported here indicate that isotopic ratios of carbon in carbon dioxide can be measured to an accuracy of better than 0.4%. This laser spectroscopic spectrometric technique offers an alternative to …
Slip Length In A Dilute Gas, Alejandro Garcia, D. Morris, L. Hannon
Slip Length In A Dilute Gas, Alejandro Garcia, D. Morris, L. Hannon
Alejandro Garcia
We study the phenomenon of slip length using molecular dynamics and direct simulation Monte Carlo simulations of a dilute gas. Our work extends the range of Knudsen numbers that have been previously studied. In a recent paper, Bhattacharya and Lie [Phys. Rev. 43, 761 (1991)] suggest a logarithmic dependence of slip length on Knudsen number. By a simple redefinition of the mean free path, we obtain good agreement between simulation results and Maxwell theory for slip length. The anomalies seen by Bhattacharya and Lie appear to be due to their definition of the mean free path.
Slip Length In A Dilute Gas, Alejandro Garcia, D. Morris, L. Hannon
Slip Length In A Dilute Gas, Alejandro Garcia, D. Morris, L. Hannon
Faculty Publications
We study the phenomenon of slip length using molecular dynamics and direct simulation Monte Carlo simulations of a dilute gas. Our work extends the range of Knudsen numbers that have been previously studied. In a recent paper, Bhattacharya and Lie [Phys. Rev. 43, 761 (1991)] suggest a logarithmic dependence of slip length on Knudsen number. By a simple redefinition of the mean free path, we obtain good agreement between simulation results and Maxwell theory for slip length. The anomalies seen by Bhattacharya and Lie appear to be due to their definition of the mean free path.
Stable Isotope Analysis Using Tunable Diode Laser Spectroscopy, Todd B. Sauke, J. F. Becker, M. Loewenstein
Stable Isotope Analysis Using Tunable Diode Laser Spectroscopy, Todd B. Sauke, J. F. Becker, M. Loewenstein
Faculty Publications
Measurements of ratios of stable isotopes are used in such diverse fields as petroleum prospecting, medical diagnostics, and planetary exploration. The narrow emission linewidth available from tunable diode lasers permits high-resolution infrared absorption measurements of closely spaced isotopic rovibrational lines. Our dual beam spectrometer uses the sweep integration technique in a spectral region where adjacent spectral lines are of approximately equal absorbance at the expected isotopic abundances. The experimental results reported here indicate that isotopic ratios of carbon in carbon dioxide can be measured to an accuracy of better than 0.4%. This laser spectroscopic spectrometric technique offers an alternative to …
In The Astronomy Tradition At Augustana, Harry E. Nelson
In The Astronomy Tradition At Augustana, Harry E. Nelson
Augustana Historical Society Publications
Abstract: “In the Astronomy Tradition at Augustana was written as a response to a suggestion made by Dr. Conrad Bergendoff, president emeritus at Augustana College, Rock Island, Illinois. I had prepared a paper for the Contemporary Club of Davenport, Iowa which dealt with the program of the John Deere Planetarium on the campus and its contribution to the Quad-Cities community. Dr. Bergendoff felt that a more inclusive report was needed, and he convinced me that I should write the complete history of the astronomy department. His many creative suggestions have made the story most interesting and I am indebted …
Gamma-Ray Emission From Cygnus-X-1 - Emission Mechanisms And Implications For The Standard Model, A Owens, Mark L. Mcconnell
Gamma-Ray Emission From Cygnus-X-1 - Emission Mechanisms And Implications For The Standard Model, A Owens, Mark L. Mcconnell
Physics & Astronomy
No abstract provided.
Fe Ii Fluorescence And Anomalous C Iv Doublet Intensities In Symbiotic Novae, A. G. Michalitsianos, Menas Kafatos, S. R. Meier
Fe Ii Fluorescence And Anomalous C Iv Doublet Intensities In Symbiotic Novae, A. G. Michalitsianos, Menas Kafatos, S. R. Meier
Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research
Symbiotic stars frequently exhibit anomalous C IV λλ1548.2, 1550.8 doublet flux ratios, in which the intensity ratio of the blue and red doublet members is below the optically thick limit of unity. Three symbiotic stars (RR Tel, RX Pup, and AG Peg) have been investigated in detail with high-resolution spectra obtained from the International Ultraviolet Explorer (IUE) archives. We have examined the deficit of C IV λ1548.2 emission relative to λ1550.8 in context with the fluorescent pumping of the Fe II multiplet (45.01) λ1548.204 by the C IV λ1548.2 line. In RR Tel the C IV λ1548.2 flux is correlated …
Science On The Great Plains: The History Of Physics And Astronomy At The University Of Nebraska-Lincoln, M. Eugene Rudd
Science On The Great Plains: The History Of Physics And Astronomy At The University Of Nebraska-Lincoln, M. Eugene Rudd
M. Eugene Rudd Publications
The year 1988 marked the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Department of Physics at the University of Nebraska. While the year passed without fanfare in the department, DuaneJaecks, one of the members of the faculty, suggested to the author that it would be a good time to write a history of what is now the Department of Physics and Astronomy. He not only provided the initial impetus for the project, but has also given it his continual help and encouragement. While the initial plan was to write only a brief, informal departmental history, the project, like Topsy, grew. …
Methods For Calculating Solar Position And Day Length Including Computer Programs And Subroutines, M L. Roderick
Methods For Calculating Solar Position And Day Length Including Computer Programs And Subroutines, M L. Roderick
Resource management technical reports
The theory of calculating solar position is described. Using this theory, a number of computing routines are prepared in the C programming language. These routines are suitable for users who program in C, and have an ANSI compatible C compiler. These routines are fully documented, with both the underlying theory, and code particulars, and may be used as a stand alone reference. The source code has also been published in appendix B of the report.