Sports Sciences Commons^™

The Association Between Ankle Dorisflexion And Force-Related Sport Performance Variables, Sean Conboy, Teige Barrett, Kevin Choe

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The back squat (BS) is commonly implemented in strength training programs to improve athletic performance. In order to perform the BS successfully, individuals must have adequate ankle dorsiflexion as it allows the knee to travel forward and lower the center of mass. However, it is currently unknown whether ankle dorsiflexion during the squat is associated with important sport performance variables, such as BS 1-rep max (1RM), peak ground reaction force (GRF) or rate of force development (RFD). PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between peak ankle dorsiflexion angle (DFA) and BS 1RM, peak GRF, …

Biomechanical Response Of The Leg To Single Leg Drop Landings Before And After Prolonged Plantar Flexor Stretch., Himadri Patel, Michael W. Olson

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The plantar flexor muscles have become important in activities such as gait analysis in healthy and patient populations. The duration of stretch is reported to influence their ability to generate force and if mechanical laxity is present after stretching, it is unclear how this laxity will influence the movement patterns of the lower extremities. PURPOSE: The study aimed to investigate influence of prolonged stretch to plantar flexor muscles on landing biomechanics during a single-leg drop landings. METHODS: Sixteen active participants (24.6 ± 3.1 yrs, 75.4 ± 15.6 kg mass, 1.75 ± 0.9m height) were recruited and randomly assigned …

Sled Pull Training Protocol Does Not Improve Peak Force And Increases Asymmetry In Collegiate Soccer Players, Kyra K. Parske, John A. Brasher, Robert V. Musci, Jenevieve L. Roper

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Speed and acceleration are trainable components that are critical determinants of success in team sports, particularly soccer. Lower extremity strength is one of many factors that determine the maximal force output and velocity of individuals, which is critical to success in sport. PURPOSE: To determine the effects of a 12-week sled pull training intervention on isometric leg strength and asymmetry. METHODS: Participants from Division 1 collegiate men (20 ± 1.5yrs, 168.28 ± 51.17cm, 73.44 ± 23.46kg) and women’s soccer (19.58 ± 1.02yrs, 167.07 ± 3.81cm, 62.46 ± 8.41kg) team performed pre-training isometric thigh pulls on force plates measuring peak force …

The Impact Of Squat Velocity On Force, Power, And Muscle Activity, Kyle D. Puccini, James Baldonado, Bonnie Yee, Christie R. O'Hara

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The squat is a thoroughly examined movement pattern and commonly used in sport performance training protocols, rehabilitation programs, and recreational exercise. Previous research measuring absolute strength has shown hamstring muscle activity in a six-repetition max barbell back squats. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of varying squat velocities (25, 50, 75 deg/s) on force, power, and the activation of the quadricep and hamstring muscles. Using a single-blind randomized research design, we hypothesized that hamstring muscle activity will increase at faster squat velocities. Our secondary hypothesis is that peak power will occur at 50 deg/s and …

Influence Of Sleep Disturbances On Landing And Jumping Forces In Elite College Age Individuals, Spencer Rasmussen, Caitlyn Stainbrook, Emily Sullenger, Shane Draper, Andrew Creer, Tyler Standifird

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

BACKGROUND: Sleep has been demonstrated to influence sport-specific performance in college athletes with sleep deprivation decreasing sport-specific performance and possibly leading to greater risk of injury (Reyner & Horne, 2013). Jumping and landing are important movements in many sports, therefore, sleep disturbances could potentially increase the risk of injury in sports with jumping and landing movements.

PURPOSE: The intent of this study was to determine if sleep disturbances influence forces produced during jumping and landing in elite college age individuals.

METHODS: Twenty-five UVU athletes (males=8, females=17) completed the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Questionnaire (PSQI) before …

Sex Differences In Power Output At Maximal Load During The Barbell Squat, Lyndsey T. Mccallister

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

When maximal muscular power outputs are examined relatively, sex differences appear to be non-existent. In terms of absolute power, however, significant differences persist between sexes. In both cases, the majority of metrics are obtained at optimal loads for power outputs. However, little is known in regards to differences in power outputs at maximal strength capacity of men and women. PURPOSE: The current investigation aimed to identify sex differences of concentric (C) and eccentric (E) power measures at maximal load during the barbell back squat (SQ). METHODS: A total of 8 participants (4 men and 4 women) completed one …

Changes In Psychological, Morphological, And Performance Characteristics In Preparation For A National Weightlifting Competition, Donald Marsh

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The primary aim of this study was to examine the time course of change in muscle morphology and vertical jump performance in weightlifters preparing for a national competition. The secondary aim of this study is to examine how perceived recovery and stress state corresponds with alterations in training load leading up to competition. Eleven Olympic Training Site weightlifters completed a 4-week peaking phase for a national competition. Body mass, stress and recovery psychometric measures, and unloaded/loaded (20kg) squat jump height (SJH) were measured weekly and at the competition site. Vastus lateralis cross-sectional area (CSA), muscle thickness (MT) and pennation angle …

Phase Specific Changes In Rate Of Force Development And Muscle Morphology Throughout A Block Periodized Training Cycle In Weightlifters, Dylan Guidetti Suarez

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to investigate the kinetic and morphological adaptations that occur during distinct phases of a block periodized training cycle in weightlifters. Monitoring data from nine experienced collegiate weightlifters was examined retrospectively. Isometric mid-thigh pull and ultrasonography results from pre and post three specific training phases within a macrocycle leading up to a competition were compared. Changes in isometric rate of force development and vastus lateralis cross-sectional area reflected the expected adaptations of each training phase.

Relationship Between Strength And Power Production Capacities In Trained Sprint Track Cyclists, James Vercoe, Mike R. Mcguigan

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between strength and power capabilities in trained sprint track cyclists. Ten participants including six women and four men (age: 22.1±6.8 years, body height: 176.1±6.7 cm, body weight: 72.1±7.9 kg) performed isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP) and isokinetic sprint tests. Variables measured included peak force (PF), peak rate of force development (PRFD) for the IMTP and maximal torque and maximal power (Pmax) for the isokinetic sprint test. There was a strong relationship between PF on the IMTP and maximal peak torque values across five isokinetic sprints (r=.890-.925). Strong relationships were also shown …

Comparison Of The Relationship Between Lying And Standing Ultrasonography Measures Of Muscle Morphology With Isometric And Dynamic Force Production Capabilities, John P. Wagle, Kevin M. Carroll, Aaron J. Cunanan, Christopher B. Taber, Alexander Wetmore, Garett E. Bingham, Brad H. Deweese, Kimitake Sato, Charles A. Stuart, Michael H. Stone

Exercise Science Faculty Publications

The purpose of the current study was (1) to examine the differences between standing and lying measures of vastus lateralis (VL), muscle thickness (MT), pennation angle (PA), and cross-sectional area (CSA) using ultrasonography; and (2) to explore the relationships between lying and standing measures with isometric and dynamic assessments of force production—specifically peak force, rate of force development (RFD), impulse, and one-repetition maximum back squat. Fourteen resistance-trained subjects (age = 26.8 ± 4.0 years, height = 181.4 ± 6.0 cm, body mass = 89.8 ± 10.7 kg, back squat to body mass ratio = 1.84 ± 0.34) agreed to participate. …

The Relationship Of Gymnastics Experience And Hand Placement Technique On Peak Ground Reaction Forces Through The Elbow, Saskia Richter

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

This Research was supported by a grant from the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association.

In Volume 3, Issue 1 of the JSMAHS you will find Professional research abstracts, as well as Under Graduate student research abstracts, case reports, and critically appraised topics.

Thank you for viewing this 3^rd Annual OATA Special Edition.

Comparison Of The Relationship Between Lying And Standing Ultrasonography Measures Of Muscle Morphology With Isometric And Dynamic Force Production Capabilities, John P. Wagle, Kevin M. Carroll, Aaron J. Cunanan, Christopher B. Taber, Alexander Wetmore, Garett E. Bingham, Brad H. Deweese, Kimitake Sato, Charles A. Stuart, Michael H. Stone

ETSU Faculty Works

The purpose of the current study was (1) to examine the differences between standing and lying measures of vastus lateralis (VL), muscle thickness (MT), pennation angle (PA), and cross-sectional area (CSA) using ultrasonography; and (2) to explore the relationships between lying and standing measures with isometric and dynamic assessments of force production—specifically peak force, rate of force development (RFD), impulse, and one-repetition maximum back squat. Fourteen resistance-trained subjects (age = 26.8 ± 4.0 years, height = 181.4 ± 6.0 cm, body mass = 89.8 ± 10.7 kg, back squat to body mass ratio = 1.84 ± 0.34) agreed to participate. …

Dry Land Strength And Power Training To Enhance Swimming In-Water Turn Performance, Julian Jones

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Undertaking dry-land strength and power training to increase leg extensor power output is believed to increase a swimmer’s ability to start and turn during a swim race. Swimmers generally undertake dry-land strength and power training as part of their overall training regime to increase lower body force output and impulse, in order to improve both swim start and turning performance. Elite swimmers demonstrate faster swimming turn times that are potentially a result of having better strength-power characteristics than sub-elite swimmers. The aim of this research was to quantify differences in dry-land and swimming turn leg extensor force-time characteristics between elite …

Ball Pressure Correlations With Peak Impact Force And The Potential For Cumulative Mtbi When Heading A Soccer Ball, Nicolas Leiva, Daniel Y. Shyu, Josh Auger, Eric Nauman

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

Soccer is a unique sport in which athletes use their heads as tools for gameplay, which may ultimately cause cumulative traumatic brain injuries. Due to rising popularity of soccer in the United States alongside the increased occurrence of CTE and mTBI in other contact sports, there is a growing concern over how to keep the repetitive forces caused by heading, as low as possible. Different variables that can affect the peak force felt when heading a soccer ball can be simulated and compared with in-game data, however, this has never been properly tested before. In the present study two size …

Comparison Of Shear Forces In High-Top And Low-Top Basketball Shoes During Lateral Cutting Movements, Scott Turner

College of Health Sciences Presentations

Literature exists examining the effect of athletic shoe design on ankle sprains, specifically ankle inversion angles (Barrett & Bilisko, 2012). However, no studies were found that examined either shoe design’s effect on the forces that occur at the ankle joint from lateral cutting maneuvers. The purpose of this current study is to measure the shear forces on the ankle during lateral cutting movements that are consistent with ankle inversions among high-top and low-top basketball shoes. It was hypothesized that there would be a greater amount of force on the ankle in low-top basketball shoes. Data was collected on two participants, …

The Role Of Rate Of Force Development On Vertical Jump Performance, Christopher Mclellan, Dale Lovell, Gregory Gass

Chris McLellan

The purpose of this study was to examine a) the relationship between rate of force development (RFD) and vertical jump (VJ) performance during a counter movement jump (CMJ), and b) the reliability of RFD recorded during the CMJ and squat jump (SJ) forms of the VJ. Twenty-three physically active men aged 23 ± 3.9 years participated in the study. Subjects completed 3 unloaded CMJ and 3 unloaded SJ in random order on a force plate. The RFD was measured during CMJ and SJ movements with vertical jump displacement (VJD) measured simultaneously during the CMJ only. Subjects incorporated arm swing to …

A Comparison Of Pairs Figure Skaters In Repeated Jumps, William A. Sands, Wendy L. Kimmel, Jeni R. Mcneal, Steven Ross Murray, Michael H. Stone

ETSU Faculty Works

Trends in pairs figure skating have shown that increasingly difficult jumps have become an essential aspect of high-level performance, especially in the latter part of a competitive program. We compared a repeated jump power index in a 60 s repeated jump test to determine the relationship of repeated jump test to competitive rank and to measure 2D hip, knee, and ankle angles and angular velocities at 0, 20, 40, and 60 s. Eighteen National Team Pairs Figure Skaters performed a 60 s repeated jump test on a large switch-mat with timing of flight and ground durations and digital video recording. …