Mental Disorders Commons^™

Nutrition Risk And Validation Of An Hiv Disease-Specific Nutrition Screening Tool In Ghana, Lauri Wright, Maxwell Bisala Konlan, Laurene Boateng, James B. Epps

Mental Health Law & Policy Faculty Publications

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to assess the nutritional status and the most commonly reported nutrition-related factors contributing to nutritional risk in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Ghana and the specificity and sensitivity of the Rapid Nutrition Screening for HIV disease tool (RNS-H) in this population.

Design: A cross-sectional design was utilised. Patients were screened for nutritional status during a one-week period by clinic nurses using the RNS-H. Results were compared with a comprehensive nutritional assessment by a dietitian.

Setting: The research was conducted in a public health clinic at the University of Ghana Hospital, Legon.

Subjects: …

Negative Voice-Content As A Full Mediator Of A Relation Between Childhood Adversity And Distress Ensuing From Hearing Voices, Cherise Rosen, Simon Mccarthy-Jones, Nev Jones, Kayla A. Chase, Rajiv P. Sharma

Mental Health Law & Policy Faculty Publications

A key predictor of whether or not an individual who hears voices (auditory verbal hallucinations; AVH) meets criteria for a psychiatric diagnosis is the level of negative content of the voices (e.g., threats, criticism, abuse). Yet the factors that contribute to negative voice-content are still not well understood. This study aimed to test the hypotheses that levels of childhood adversity would predict levels of negative voice-content, and that negative voice-content would partially mediate a relation between childhood adversity and voice-related distress. These hypotheses were tested in a clinical sample of 61 patients with formally diagnosed psychotic disorders (48 schizophrenia …

Developing An Opioid Use Disorder Treatment Cascade: A Review Of Quality Measures, Arthur Robin Williams, Edward V. Nunes, Adam Bisaga, Harold A. Pincus, Kimberly A. Johnson, Aimee N. Campbell, Remien Remien, Stephen Crystal, Peter D. Friedmann, Frances R. Levin, Mark Olfson

Mental Health Law & Policy Faculty Publications

Background: Despite increasing opioid overdose mortality, problems persist in the availability and quality of treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD). Three FDA-approved medications (methadone, buprenorphine, and naltrexone) have high quality evidence supporting their use, but most individuals with OUD do not receive them and many experience relapse following care episodes. Developing and organizing quality measures under a unified framework such as a Cascade of Care could improve system level practice and treatment outcomes. In this context, a review was performed of existing quality measures relevant to the treatment of OUD and the literature assessing the utility of these measures in …

Where's Dad? The Importance Of Integrating Fatherhood And Parenting Programming Into Substance Use Treatment For Men, Carla Smith Stover, Melissa Carlson, Sarika Patel, Raquel Manalich

Mental Health Law & Policy Faculty Publications

Large numbers of men enter substance use disorder treatment each year, yet very little attention is paid to the fatherhood and parenting status of these men. Substance use treatment programmes for men rarely incorporate a parenting component into their treatment planning, despite the increased success of women's treatment programmes that focus on gender and motherhood. This paper provides: (1) a review of the literature on the fathering of substance‐using men, what has been learned from substance use disorder treatment for mothers, and the implications for children and families; (2) pilot quantitative and qualitative outcomes resulting from the implementation of a …

Exclusion Criteria And Generalizability In Bipolar Disorder Treatment Trials, Jessie J. Wong, Nev Jones, Christine Timko, Keith Humphreys

Mental Health Law & Policy Faculty Publications

Objective: The current paper reviews the English-language research on exclusion criteria in bipolar disorder treatment trials and discusses how study samples compare to the general bipolar patient population.

Methods: & Results: Across 8 identified studies of exclusion criteria and their impact, between 55% and 96% of people with bipolar disorder would be excluded from treatment research. The number of exclusion criteria varies across bipolar disorder treatment research, with one study estimate of a median of 7 criteria used across studies. The criteria that excluded the greatest number of potential participants were comorbid substance use disorder, suicidal risk, and comorbid medical …

The Duration Of Untreated Psychosis: A Phenomenological Study, Sarah R. Kamens, Larry Davidson, Emily Hyun, Nev Jones, Jill G. Morawski, Matthew M. Kurtz, Jessica Pollard, Gerrit Ian Van Schalkwyk, Vinrod Srihari

Mental Health Law & Policy Faculty Publications

Mounting evidence has indicated that early intervention leads to improved clinical and functional outcomes for young persons experiencing recent onset psychosis. As part of a large early detection campaign, the present study aimed to investigate subjective experiences during the duration of untreated psychosis (DUP), or time between psychosis onset and treatment contact. Participants were 10 young adults participating in early intervention services for psychosis. After DUP was estimated during standardized baseline assessment, participants engaged in qualitative interviews focused on their life experiences prior to treatment and leading up to the present. Mixed methods data analyses compared standardized DUP estimates with …

Wecan! A 12-Month Evaluation Of A Drug Court Treatment Program Serving Females Addicted To Prescription Drugs, Kathleen A. Moore, M. Scott Young

Mental Health Law & Policy Faculty Publications

Prescription drug abuse represents a national public health concern. This study reports on 12-month outcomes of a drug court treatment program for 102 female offenders addicted to prescription drugs. The program utilized two evidence-based treatment models (i.e., Motivational Enhancement Therapy/Cognitive Behavioral Therapy-12 and Seeking Safety). In addition, participants were required to attend monthly judicial reviews, weekly AA/NA groups, and two random drug screens per week. Participants were interviewed at baseline and 12-month follow-up. Analyses examined self-reported substance use, traumatic experiences, criminal justice involvement, readiness to change, and therapeutic alliance. Participants reported significant decreases in substance use, increased readiness to change, …

The Moderating Relationship Of Comorbid Psychopathology And Treatment Outcome For Young Adult Offenders In Drug Court, Patrick Mcgonigal, Kathleen A. Moore, Matthew Scott Young

Mental Health Law & Policy Faculty Publications

Title: The moderating relationship of comorbid psychopathology and treatment outcome for young adult offenders in drug court.

Background: The drug court system is an alternative to incarceration that provides offenders with non-violent, substance motivated crimes with an opportunity to dismiss their charges and undergo a rigorous substance abuse treatment program. It is unknown whether drug court is effective for young adult clients and the role of co-occurring psychopathology within this context.

Methods: This study evaluated the overall effectiveness of a drug court system applied to young adult offenders ages 18-26, and additionally explored the moderating relationship of psychiatric symptoms on …

Prevalence And Predictors Of Substance-Related Emergency Psychiatry Admissions, M. Scott Young, Kathleen A. Moore

Mental Health Law & Policy Faculty Publications

Background: Individuals commonly present for emergency psychiatry services for reasons related to their use of alcohol or illicit drugs. This study assessed the prevalence of these phenomena and explored characteristics distinguishing emergency psychiatry admissions with versus without presenting problems related to substance use. Methods: Data included standardized emergency psychiatry intake interviews from 2,161 consecutive admissions to three hospital-based emergency psychiatry departments in Florida’s Tampa Bay area. Admissions were classified as substanceinvolved if substance use was ascertained to be related to the presenting problem(s). Cases with only substance-related presenting problems were classified as substance-only admissions. Descriptive statistics compared substance-involved admissions to …

The Relationship Between Faculty Characteristics And The Use Of Norm- And Criteria-Based Grading, John Robst, Jennifer Vangilder, Caroline Elliott

Mental Health Law & Policy Faculty Publications

Norm-based grading has been associated with a reduction in student incentives to learn. Thus, it is important to understand faculty incentives for using norm-based grading. This paper used two waves of the National Study of Postsecondary Faculty to examine faculty characteristics related to the use of norm-based grading. Results suggest that norm-based grading is more likely when faculty and departments are more research oriented. Faculty who are at lower rank, male, younger, in science and social science departments are more likely to use norm-based grading, while faculty who feel that teaching should be the primary promotion criterion use criteria-based grading.

Work Productivity Loss From Depression: Evidence From An Employer Survey, Kathryn Rost, Hongdao Meng, Stanley Xu

Mental Health Law & Policy Faculty Publications

Background: National working groups identify the need for return on investment research conducted from the purchaser perspective; however, the field has not developed standardized methods for measuring the basic components of return on investment, including costing out the value of work productivity loss due to illness. Recent literature is divided on whether the most commonly used method underestimates or overestimates this loss. The goal of this manuscript is to characterize between and within variation in the cost of work productivity loss from illness estimated by the most commonly used method and its two refinements.

Methods: One senior health benefit specialist …

Intervention Impact On Depression Product Appraisal And Purchasing Behavior By Employers: A Randomized Trial, Kathryn M. Rost, Donna Marshall, Stanley Xu

Mental Health Law & Policy Faculty Publications

Background: Employers can purchase high quality depression products that provide the type, intensity and duration of depression care management shown to improve work outcomes sufficiently for many employers to achieve a return on investment. The purpose of this randomized controlled trial was to test an intervention to encourage employers to purchase a high quality depression product for their workforce.

Methods: Twenty nine organizations recruited senior health benefit professional members representing public or private employers who had not yet purchased a depression product for all 100+ workers in their company. The research team used randomization blocked by company size to …

Safe Haven Implementation Brief, Roger Casey, Paul Smits, M. Scott Young

Mental Health Law & Policy Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Ketamine Psychedelic Psychotherapy: Focus On Its Pharmacology, Phenomenology, And Clinical Applications, Eli Kolp, Harris L. Friedman, Evgeny Krupitsky, Karl Jansen, Mark Sylvester, M. Scott Young, Anna Kolp

Mental Health Law & Policy Faculty Publications

Meant to be an authoritative guide for psychiatrists and others interested in understanding and applying ketamine psychedelic psychotherapy (KPP), this paper focuses on its pharmacology, phenomenology, and clinical applications. Ketamine is a dissociative anesthetic widely used by physicians and veterinarians in the United States. In addition to its anesthetic and dissociative properties, ketamine also has a multitude of other psychological and pharmacological properties, which include analgesic, sedative, neuroprotective, anxiolytic, antidepressant, stimulant, euphoriant, and hallucinogenic effects. The literature on the clinical application of KPP is comprehensively reviewed, practical advice for using KPP is given, and the pharmacology and phenomenology of ketamine-induced …

Does Negative Affect Mediate The Relationship Between Daily Ptsd Symptoms And Daily Alcohol Involvement In Female Rape Victims? Evidence From 14 Days Of Interactive Voice Response Assessment, Amy Cohn, Brett T. Hagman, Kathleen A. Moore, Jessica Mitchell, Sarah Ehlke

Mental Health Law & Policy Faculty Publications

The negative reinforcement model of addiction posits that individuals may use alcohol to reduce negative affective (NA) distress. The current study investigated the mediating effect of daily NA on the relationship between daily PTSD symptoms and same-day and next-day alcohol involvement (consumption and desire to drink) in a sample of 54 non-treatment-seeking female rape victims who completed 14 days of interactive voice response assessment. The moderating effect of lifetime alcohol use disorder diagnosis (AUD) on daily relationships was also examined. Multilevel models suggested that NA mediated the relationship between PTSD and same-day, but not next-day alcohol involvement. NA was greater …

The Role Of Positive Alcohol Expectancies In Underage Binge Drinking Among College Students, Nicole M Mcbride, Blake Barrett, Kathleen A. Moore, Lawrence Schonfeld

Mental Health Law & Policy Faculty Publications

Objective: This study explored associations between positive alcohol expectancies, and demographics, as well as academic status and binge drinking among underage college students. Participants: A sample of 1,553 underage college students at 3 public universities and 1 college in the Southeast who completed the Core Alcohol and Drug Survey in the Spring 2013 semester. Methods: A series of bivariate analyses and logistic regression models were used to examine associations between demographic and academic status variables as well as positive alcohol expectancies with self-reported binge drinking. Positive alcohol expectancies were examined in multivariable models via 2 factors derived from principal component …

A Clustering Method To Identify Who Benefits Most From The Treatment Group In Clinical Trials, Beom S. Lee, Pranab K. Sen, Nan Park, Roger A. Boothroyd, Roger H. Peters, David A. Chiriboga

Mental Health Law & Policy Faculty Publications

In randomized controlled trials (RCTs), the most compelling need is to determine whether the treatment condition was more effective than control. However, it is generally recognized that not all participants in the treatment group of most clinical trials benefit equally. While subgroup analyses are often used to compare treatment effectiveness across pre-determined subgroups categorized by patient characteristics, methods to empirically identify naturally occurring clusters of persons who benefit most from the treatment group have rarely been implemented. This article provides a modeling framework to accomplish this important task. Utilizing information about individuals from the treatment group who had poor outcomes, …

Profile Of Alcohol And Drug Indicators For Hillsborough County, Florida, Kathleen A. Moore, M. Scott Young, Ellen Snelling

Mental Health Law & Policy Faculty Publications

Alcohol has the highest prevalence of use of any substance in Hillsborough County and throughout the nation. In 2011, Hillsborough County ranked first among all counties in alcohol-related fatalities. Although Hillsborough County DUI arrests decreased in 2011, Hillsborough still had more DUI arrests than any other Florida county. To address these concerns, the Hillsborough County Anti Drug Alliance (HCADA) and the Tampa Alcohol Coalition (TAC) have continued to support: DUI law enforcement operations, The Hillsborough County Sheriff’s Alcohol Vendor Enforcement program (SAVE), DUI Counterattack, DUI media coverage, alcohol awareness programs, improved alcohol policies and community coalitions’ collaborative efforts to reduce …

Baker Act Receiving Facility Staff Perceptions Of Community Services, Steve Roggenbaum, Annette Christy, Mary R. Murrin

Mental Health Law & Policy Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Housing And Housing Services Program Measure – Veterans Version (Hhspm-V), Colleen Clark, M. Scott Young, Sarah R. Moody, Gregory Teague, Rhonda Ort, James Winarski, Kathleen Moore, Minnie Norton, Blake Barrett

Mental Health Law & Policy Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Ethnicity And Cultural Issues, John E. Zeber, Jodi M. Gonzalez, Richard Van Dorn, Alejandro Interian

Mental Health Law & Policy Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Depression Care Management: Can Employers Purchase Improved Outcomes?, Kathryn Rost, Donna Marshall, Benjamin Shearer, Allen J. Dietrich

Mental Health Law & Policy Faculty Publications

Fourteen vendors are currently selling depression care management products to US employers after randomized trials demonstrate improved work outcomes. The research team interviewed 10 (71.4%) of these vendors to compare their products to four key components of interventions demonstrated to improve work outcomes. Five of 10 depression products incorporate all four key components, three of which are sold by health maintenance organizations (HMOs); however, HMOs did not deliver these components at the recommended intensity and/or duration. Only one product delivered by a disease management company delivered all four components of care at the recommended intensity and duration. This “voltage drop,” …

Serious Mental Illness In Florida Nursing Homes: A Study Of Resident, Facility And Cost Characteristics, Marion Becker, Shabnam Mehra

Mental Health Law & Policy Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Utilization Of The Most Costly And Intense Mental Health Services Among Children In Out-Of-Home Care, Svetlana Yampolskaya, Paul E. Greenbaum, Colleen Clark, Richard Briscoe

Mental Health Law & Policy Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Emergency Commitment Of Very Young Children, Annette Christy, Brittany Handelsman

Mental Health Law & Policy Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

System Of Care Implementation, Robert M. Friedman, Paul E. Greenbaum, Wei Wang, Krista Kutash, Roger A. Boothroyd

Mental Health Law & Policy Faculty Publications

For almost 25 years now, a major policy emphasis in children’s mental health at the federal level and within most states has been the development of community-based systems of care. There have been many meetings and conferences about this, training and technical assistance material has been provided, and written material has been prepared, and a federal grant program, the Children’s Mental Health Initiative (CMHI) has now provided funding to over 100 grantees for the development of such systems of care.

Evaluation Of An Intervention For Adolescent Girls With Trauma Related Disorders, Meredith Elzy, Sarah Cobb, Norin Dollard, Teresea Van Alstine, Colleen Clark

Mental Health Law & Policy Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Profile Of Alcohol And Drug Indicators For Hillsborough County, Florida, Kathleen A. Moore, M. Scott Young, Ellen Snelling, Sue Carrigan

Mental Health Law & Policy Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

When Agencies And Families Come Together: Dealing With Conflict In Building Partnerships, Robyn Boustead, Sheryl Schrepf, Huey Chen, Mary Evans, Andrea K. Blanch, Roger A. Boothroyd

Mental Health Law & Policy Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Ketamine-Enhanced Psychotherapy: Preliminary Clinical Observations On Its Effects In Treating Death Anxiety, Eli Kolp, M. Scott Young, Harris L. Friedman, Evgeny Krupitsky, Karl Jansen, Laurie-Ann O'Connor

Mental Health Law & Policy Faculty Publications

Ketamine, a dissociative anesthetic commonly used by US physicians, has recently been shown to be a powerful anti-depressant and is also capable of eliciting transpersonal experiences that can be transformative. Although currently approved in the US only for use as an anesthetic, physicians there can legally prescribe it off-label to treat various psychological/ psychiatric problems and it has been used for these non-anesthetic purposes in Argentina, Iran, Mexico, Russia, and the UK, as well as in the US. The literature on using ketamine psychotherapeutically is reviewed and two case studies using ketamine-enhanced psychotherapy (KEP) for treating death anxiety in terminally-ill …