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Articles 1 - 19 of 19
Full-Text Articles in Ophthalmology
Development Of A Novel Covalently Bonded Conjugate Of Caprylic Acid Tripeptide (Isoleucine–Leucine–Aspartic Acid) For Wound-Compatible And Injectable Hydrogel To Accelerate Healing, Sachin B. Baravkar, Yan Lu, Abdul Razak Masoud, Qi Zhao, Jibao He, Song Hong
Development Of A Novel Covalently Bonded Conjugate Of Caprylic Acid Tripeptide (Isoleucine–Leucine–Aspartic Acid) For Wound-Compatible And Injectable Hydrogel To Accelerate Healing, Sachin B. Baravkar, Yan Lu, Abdul Razak Masoud, Qi Zhao, Jibao He, Song Hong
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
Third-degree burn injuries pose a significant health threat. Safer, easier-to-use, and more effective techniques are urgently needed for their treatment. We hypothesized that covalently bonded conjugates of fatty acids and tripeptides can form wound-compatible hydrogels that can accelerate healing. We first designed conjugated structures as fatty acid–aminoacid1–amonoacid2–aspartate amphiphiles (Cn acid–AA1–AA2–D), which were potentially capable of self-assembling into hydrogels according to the structure and properties of each moiety. We then generated 14 novel conjugates based on this design by using two Fmoc/tBu solid-phase peptide synthesis techniques; we verified their structures and purities through liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry and nuclear …
Endogenous Mirna-Based Innate-Immunity Against Sars-Cov-2 Invasion Of The Brain, Walter J. Lukiw, Aileen I. Pogue
Endogenous Mirna-Based Innate-Immunity Against Sars-Cov-2 Invasion Of The Brain, Walter J. Lukiw, Aileen I. Pogue
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
The severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of COVID-19, possesses an unusually large positive-sense, single-stranded viral RNA (ssvRNA) genome of about ~29,903 nucleotides (nt). In many respects, this ssvRNA resembles a very large, polycistronic messenger RNA (mRNA) possessing a 5′-methyl cap (m7GpppN), a 3′- and 5′-untranslated region (3′-UTR, 5′-UTR), and a poly-adenylated (poly-A+) tail. As such, the SARS-CoV-2 ssvRNA is susceptible to targeting by small non-coding RNA (sncRNA) and/or microRNA (miRNA), as well as neutralization and/or inhibition of its infectivity via the human body’s natural complement of about ~2650 miRNA species. Depending on host cell and tissue …
Ophthalmology Consult Order: “Rule Out Open Globe Injury, Ellen Ingram, Matthew Williams, Kevin Kirchner
Ophthalmology Consult Order: “Rule Out Open Globe Injury, Ellen Ingram, Matthew Williams, Kevin Kirchner
Medical Research Day
Out of traumatic eye injuries, open globe injuries are associated with the highest patient morbidity. Computed tomography (CT) imaging of the orbits is routinely used by the emergency department physician during workup of traumatic eye injuries. Positive CT findings reliably indicate penetration of the globe with a specificity up to 98% [1]. However, studies have consistently shown that CT imaging fails to diagnose approximately 30% of open globe injuries [1,2]. Therefore, a negative CT scan does not definitively rule out an open globe. There are no defined exam parameters that have been established as reliable indicators for open globe injuries …
Sars-Cov-2 Invasion And Pathological Links To Prion Disease, Walter J. Lukiw, Vivian R. Jaber, Aileen I. Pogue, Yuhai Zhao
Sars-Cov-2 Invasion And Pathological Links To Prion Disease, Walter J. Lukiw, Vivian R. Jaber, Aileen I. Pogue, Yuhai Zhao
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of the COVID-19 disease, is a highly infectious and transmissible viral pathogen that continues to impact human health globally. Nearly ~600 million people have been infected with SARS-CoV-2, and about half exhibit some degree of continuing health complication, generically referred to as long COVID. Lingering and often serious neurological problems for patients in the post-COVID-19 recovery period include brain fog, behavioral changes, confusion, delirium, deficits in intellect, cognition and memory issues, loss of balance and coordination, problems with vision, visual processing and hallucinations, encephalopathy, encephalitis, neurovascular or cerebrovascular insufficiency, and/or …
Management Of The Facial Nerve Following Temporal Bone Ballistic Injury, Anne K. Maxwell, John C. Lemoine, Jacob B. Kahane, Celeste C. Gary
Management Of The Facial Nerve Following Temporal Bone Ballistic Injury, Anne K. Maxwell, John C. Lemoine, Jacob B. Kahane, Celeste C. Gary
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
Objective: To understand the patterns of temporal bone fracture and facial nerve injury from ballistic trauma. Study Design: Retrospective case series. Methods: Retrospective review of 42 patients evaluated following temporal bone ballistic injury at a single institution, university-based level-one trauma center between 2012 and 2021. Demographics, facial nerve status, CT images, interventions, complications, and outcomes were reviewed. Results: Mean age 30.3 years (range 5–58 years); 79% male. Racial demographics reflected the surrounding community. Seven mortalities occurred. Nineteen patients (54%) demonstrated facial nerve injury. Of those, 13/19 displayed immediate paralysis, 1 delayed, 5 unknown (due to altered mental status). On consultation, …
Nf-Kb (P50/P65)-Mediated Pro-Inflammatory Microrna (Mirna) Signaling In Alzheimer's Disease (Ad), Walter J. Lukiw
Nf-Kb (P50/P65)-Mediated Pro-Inflammatory Microrna (Mirna) Signaling In Alzheimer's Disease (Ad), Walter J. Lukiw
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Fission Impossible: Stabilized Mirna-Based Analogs In Neurodegenerative Disease, Walter J. Lukiw
Fission Impossible: Stabilized Mirna-Based Analogs In Neurodegenerative Disease, Walter J. Lukiw
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Acute Macular Neuroretinopathy Associated With Covid-19 Infection, James A. David, George D. Fivgas
Acute Macular Neuroretinopathy Associated With Covid-19 Infection, James A. David, George D. Fivgas
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
Purpose: To report a case of bilateral acute macular neuroretinopathy (AMN) associated with a COVID-19 infection. Observations: A 22-year-old female was referred for evaluation of bilateral scotomas concurrent with a mildly symptomatic COVID-19 infection. Exam showed normal visual acuity, bilateral reddish-brown petaloid retinal lesions which were hyporeflective on near infrared (NIR) optical coherence tomography (OCT), and had associated hypoperfusion of the deep vascular plexus on OCT-angiography (OCT-A) consistent with bilateral AMN. At follow-up, scotomas and retinal findings on near infrared imaging and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography had only slightly improved. Conclusions: COVID-19 has been documented to be the etiology of …
Survey Says: Shingrix Saves, Claire Holmes, Taylor Phelps, Maria Bernal
Survey Says: Shingrix Saves, Claire Holmes, Taylor Phelps, Maria Bernal
Medical Research Day
Shingles (herpes zoster) results from reactivation of latent varicella zoster virus in spinal and cranial neurosensory ganglia. Nearly 1 in 3 people will develop shingles in their lifetime, with possible complications including hearing loss, vision loss, bacterial superinfection, and post- herpetic neuralgia. In 2006, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the use of the live attenuated Zostavax® vaccine for prevention of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia. Due to limitations in its use in immunocompromised individuals, a new non-live recombinant zoster vaccine (Shingrix®) became approved for use in 2017. In comparison to the Zostavax® vaccine, the Shingrix® vaccine has been …
Multiprong Control Of Glioblastoma Multiforme Invasiveness: Blockade Of Pro-Inflammatory Signaling, Anti-Angiogenesis, And Homeostasis Restoration, Nicolas G. Bazan, Madigan M. Reid, Valerie A.Cruz Flores, Juan E. Gallo, William Lewis, Ludmila Belayev
Multiprong Control Of Glioblastoma Multiforme Invasiveness: Blockade Of Pro-Inflammatory Signaling, Anti-Angiogenesis, And Homeostasis Restoration, Nicolas G. Bazan, Madigan M. Reid, Valerie A.Cruz Flores, Juan E. Gallo, William Lewis, Ludmila Belayev
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most invasive type of glial tumor with poor overall survival, despite advances in surgical resection, chemotherapy, and radiation. One of the main challenges in treating GBM is related to the tumor’s location, complex and heterogeneous biology, and high invasiveness. To meet the demand for oxygen and nutrients, growing tumors induce new blood vessels growth. Antibodies directed against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which promotes angiogenesis, have been developed to limit tumor growth. Bevacizumab (Avastin), an anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody, is the first approved angiogenesis inhibitor with therapeutic promise. However, it has limited efficacy, likely due to …
Microrna‐146a‐5p, Neurotropic Viral Infection And Prion Disease (Prd), Aileen I. Pogue, Walter J. Lukiw
Microrna‐146a‐5p, Neurotropic Viral Infection And Prion Disease (Prd), Aileen I. Pogue, Walter J. Lukiw
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
The human brain and central nervous system (CNS) harbor a select sub‐group of potentially pathogenic microRNAs (miRNAs), including a well‐characterized NF‐kB‐sensitive Homo sapiens microRNA hsa‐miRNA‐146a‐5p (miRNA‐146a). miRNA‐146a is significantly over-expressed in progressive and often lethal viral‐ and prion‐mediated and related neurological syndromes associated with progressive inflammatory neurodegeneration. These include ~18 different viral‐induced encephalopathies for which data are available, at least ~10 known prion diseases (PrD) of animals and humans, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other sporadic and progressive age‐related neurological disorders. Despite the apparent lack of nucleic acids in prions, both DNA‐ and RNA‐containing viruses along with prions significantly induce miRNA‐146a …
Covid-19 Vaccines And Thrombosis—Roadblock Or Dead-End Street?, Kenneth Lundstrom, Debmalya Barh, Bruce D. Uhal, Kazuo Takayama, Alaa A.A. Aljabali, Tarek Mohamed Abd El-Aziz, Amos Lal, Elrashdy M. Redwan, Parise Adadi, Gaurav Chauhan, Samendra P. Sherchan, Gajendra Kumar Azad, Nima Rezaei, Ángel Serrano-Aroca, Nicolas G. Bazan, Sk Sarif Hassan, Pritam Kumar Panda, Pabitra Pal Choudhury, Damiano Pizzol, Ramesh Kandimalla
Covid-19 Vaccines And Thrombosis—Roadblock Or Dead-End Street?, Kenneth Lundstrom, Debmalya Barh, Bruce D. Uhal, Kazuo Takayama, Alaa A.A. Aljabali, Tarek Mohamed Abd El-Aziz, Amos Lal, Elrashdy M. Redwan, Parise Adadi, Gaurav Chauhan, Samendra P. Sherchan, Gajendra Kumar Azad, Nima Rezaei, Ángel Serrano-Aroca, Nicolas G. Bazan, Sk Sarif Hassan, Pritam Kumar Panda, Pabitra Pal Choudhury, Damiano Pizzol, Ramesh Kandimalla
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
Two adenovirus-based vaccines, ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and Ad26.COV2.S, and two mRNA-based vaccines, BNT162b2 and mRNA.1273, have been approved by the European Medicines Agency (EMA), and are invaluable in preventing and reducing the incidence of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Recent reports have pointed to thrombosis with associated thrombocytopenia as an adverse effect occurring at a low frequency in some individuals after vaccination. The causes of such events may be related to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein interactions with different C-type lectin receptors, heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) and the CD147 receptor, or to different soluble splice variants of the spike protein, adenovirus vector interactions with the …
Microrna Heterogeneity, Innate-Immune Defense And The Efficacy Of Sars-Cov-2 Infection—A Commentary, Walter J. Lukiw
Microrna Heterogeneity, Innate-Immune Defense And The Efficacy Of Sars-Cov-2 Infection—A Commentary, Walter J. Lukiw
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), a member of the genus Betacoronavirus in the family Coronaviridae, possesses an unusually large single-stranded viral RNA (ssvRNA) genome of about ~29,811 nucleotides (nt) that causes severe and acute respiratory distress and a highly lethal viral pneumonia known as COVID-19. COVID-19 also presents with multiple ancillary systemic diseases and often involves cardiovascular, inflammatory, and/or neurological complications. Pathological viral genomes consisting of ssvRNA, like cellular messenger RNA (mRNA), are susceptible to attack, destruction, neutralization, and/or modulation by naturally occurring small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) within the host cell, some of which are known as microRNAs (miRNAs). …
Elv-N32 And Rvd6 Isomer Decrease Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines, Senescence Programming, Ace2 And Sars-Cov-2-Spike Protein Rbd Binding In Injured Cornea, Thang L. Pham, Jiucheng He, Azucena H. Kakazu, Jorgelina Calandria, Khanh V. Do, Robert Nshimiyimana, Ting F. Lam, Nicos A. Petasis, Haydee E.P. Bazan, Nicolas G. Bazan
Elv-N32 And Rvd6 Isomer Decrease Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines, Senescence Programming, Ace2 And Sars-Cov-2-Spike Protein Rbd Binding In Injured Cornea, Thang L. Pham, Jiucheng He, Azucena H. Kakazu, Jorgelina Calandria, Khanh V. Do, Robert Nshimiyimana, Ting F. Lam, Nicos A. Petasis, Haydee E.P. Bazan, Nicolas G. Bazan
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has resulted in a pandemic affecting the most vulnerable in society, triggering a public health crisis and economic collapse around the world. Effective treatments to mitigate this viral infection are needed. Since the eye is a route of virus entrance, we use an in vivo rat model of corneal inflammation as well as human corneal epithelial cells (HCEC) in culture challenged with IFNγ as models of the eye surface to study this issue. We explore ways to block the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 Spike …
Development Of Parameters Towards Voice Bifurcations, Takeshi Ikuma, Andrew J. Mcwhorter, Lacey Adkins, Melda Kunduk
Development Of Parameters Towards Voice Bifurcations, Takeshi Ikuma, Andrew J. Mcwhorter, Lacey Adkins, Melda Kunduk
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
Pathological vocal folds are known to exhibit multiple oscillation patterns, depending on tissue imbalance, subglottal pressure level, and other factors. This includes mid-phonation changes due to bifurcations in the underlying voice source system. Knowledge of when changes in oscillation patterns occur is helpful in the assessments of voice disorders, and the knowledge could be transformed into useful objective measures. Mid-phonation bifurcations can occur in rapid succession; hence, a fast classification of oscillation pattern is critical to minimize the averaging of data across bifurcations. This paper proposes frequency-ratio based short-term measures, named harmonic disturbance factor (HDF) and biphonic index (BI), towards …
Elovanoids Downregulate Sars-Cov-2 Cell-Entry, Canonical Mediators And Enhance Protective Signaling In Human Alveolar Cells, Jorgelina M. Calandria, Surjyadipta Bhattacharjee, Nicholas J. Maness, Marie Audrey I. Kautzmann, Aram Asatryan, William C. Gordon, Khanh V. Do, Bokkyoo Jun, Pranab K. Mukherjee, Nicos A. Petasis, Nicolas G. Bazan
Elovanoids Downregulate Sars-Cov-2 Cell-Entry, Canonical Mediators And Enhance Protective Signaling In Human Alveolar Cells, Jorgelina M. Calandria, Surjyadipta Bhattacharjee, Nicholas J. Maness, Marie Audrey I. Kautzmann, Aram Asatryan, William C. Gordon, Khanh V. Do, Bokkyoo Jun, Pranab K. Mukherjee, Nicos A. Petasis, Nicolas G. Bazan
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
The pro-homeostatic lipid mediators elovanoids (ELVs) attenuate cell binding and entrance of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) as well as of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in human primary alveoli cells in culture. We uncovered that very-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid precursors (VLC-PUFA, n-3) activate ELV biosynthesis in lung cells. Both ELVs and their precursors reduce the binding to RBD. ELVs downregulate angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and enhance the expression of a set of protective proteins hindering cell surface virus binding and upregulating defensive proteins against lung damage. In addition, ELVs and their precursors decreased the signal of spike (S) protein found in …
Optic Nerve Pit Maculopathy Worsened During Pregnancy: A Case Report, Laura A. Torrado-Cobian, George D. Fivgas
Optic Nerve Pit Maculopathy Worsened During Pregnancy: A Case Report, Laura A. Torrado-Cobian, George D. Fivgas
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
Background: To report a case of Optic Disc Pit (ODP) maculopathy exacerbated during pregnancy. Case presentation: A 30-year-old female developed unilateral blurry vision at 10-weeks gestation. Ophthalmic examination revealed left eye reduced visual acuity (VA) with the presence of subretinal fluid temporal to the disc extending to the fovea. On Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) subretinal, and intraretinal fluid was confirmed. Laser photocoagulation was tried in an attempt to prevent surgical intervention without success; subsequently, pars plana vitrectomy, internal limiting membrane peel and gas tamponade was performed. Three-weeks later, a full thickness macular hole developed, and repeat surgery was …
Bioavailability And Spatial Distribution Of Fatty Acids In The Rat Retina After Dietary Omega-3 Supplementation, Elisa Vidal, Bokkyoo Jun, William C. Gordon, Marie Annick Maire, Lucy Martine, Stéphane Grégoire, Spiro Khoury, Stephanie Cabaret, Olivier Berdeaux, Niyazi Acar, Lionel Bretillon, Nicolas G. Bazan
Bioavailability And Spatial Distribution Of Fatty Acids In The Rat Retina After Dietary Omega-3 Supplementation, Elisa Vidal, Bokkyoo Jun, William C. Gordon, Marie Annick Maire, Lucy Martine, Stéphane Grégoire, Spiro Khoury, Stephanie Cabaret, Olivier Berdeaux, Niyazi Acar, Lionel Bretillon, Nicolas G. Bazan
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
Spatial changes of FAs in the retina in response to different dietary n-3 formulations have never been explored, although a diet rich in EPA and DHA is recommended to protect the retina against the effects of aging. In this study, Wistar rats were fed for 8 weeks with balanced diet including either EPA-containing phospholipids (PLs), EPA-containing TGs, DHA-containing PLs, or DHA-containing TGs. Qualitative changes in FA composition of plasma, erythrocytes, and retina were evaluated by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector. Following the different dietary intakes, changes to the quantity and spatial organization of PC and PE species in retina were determined …
Acute Systemic Inflammatory Response Alters Transcription Profile Of Genes Related To Immune Response And Ca 2+ Homeostasis In Hippocampus; Relevance To Neurodegenerative Disorders, Grzegorz A. Czapski, Yuhai Zhao, Walter J. Lukiw, Joanna B. Strosznajder
Acute Systemic Inflammatory Response Alters Transcription Profile Of Genes Related To Immune Response And Ca 2+ Homeostasis In Hippocampus; Relevance To Neurodegenerative Disorders, Grzegorz A. Czapski, Yuhai Zhao, Walter J. Lukiw, Joanna B. Strosznajder
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
Acute systemic inflammatory response (SIR) triggers an alteration in the transcription of brain genes related to neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and cells death. These changes are also characteristic for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) neuropathology. Our aim was to evaluate gene expression patterns in the mouse hippocampus (MH) by using microarray technology 12 and 96 h after SIR evoked by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The results were compared with microarray analysis of human postmortem hippocampal AD tissues. It was found that 12 h after LPS administration the expression of 231 genes in MH was significantly altered (FC > 2.0); however, after 96 h only the S100a8 …