Other Medical Sciences Commons^™

Development, Validation, And Diagnostic Performance Of A Novel Radiomic Model For Predicting Prostate Cancer Recurrence, Linda M. Huynh

Theses & Dissertations

Multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (MP-MRI)-derived radiomics have been shown to capture sub-visual patterns for the quantitative characterization of prostate cancer (PC) phenotypes. The present dissertation seeks to develop, evaluate, and compare the performance of an MRI-derived radiomic model for the prediction of PC recurrence following definitive treatment with radical prostatectomy (RP).

MP-MRI was obtained from 339 patients who had a minimum of 2 years follow-up following RP at three institutions. The prostate was manually delineated as the region of interest and 924 radiomic features were extracted. All features were evaluated for stability via intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and image normalization …

Decoding Implant-Related Sickness: Unraveling The Complexities Of Breast Implant Illness, Madison M. Stewart

Senior Theses

This thesis investigates the phenomenon of breast implant illness (BII), examining its potential correlation with individual factors such as obesity and poor lifestyle habits. BII, characterized by nonspecific symptoms, is often self-diagnosed by patients influenced by social media and internet sources, leading to requests for implant removal. Conducting a comprehensive meta-analysis, the study scrutinizes existing literature to evaluate the association between BII, obesity, and lifestyle choices. Employing inclusion criteria, peer-reviewed publications are analyzed through systematic review methodology to offer insights into the interplay between BII and adiposity, exploring inflammatory mechanisms and patient behaviors like exercise and smoking. The research aims …

Epithelial And Mesenchymal Olfactory Stem Cells Gathered With Minimally-Invasive Micro-Brush, Tyler Petersen

Medical Student Research Symposium

Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes devastating lifestyle and financial consequences for the patient. Treatment strategies emphasize neuroprotection, but not regeneration. In this regard, stem cells are an innovative field of study that has the potential to regenerate neural tissue, thereby increasing a person’s ability to regain function. The purpose of this project is two-fold: to attain olfactory stem cells located in the nasal canal in a minimally-invasive way and to gather neural cells from the epithelium and mesenchymal cells in the lamina propria. Cells were gathered with sterile nasal micro-brushes, stored, and grown in flasks. After cells reached confluency, they …

Evaluation Of Novel Therapeutic Agents For The Treatment Of Chronic Dry Eyes, Lilian Huynh, Evonie Villarete, Surajit Dey

Annual Research Symposium

Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial ocular condition, where disrupted tear film stability and ocular surface inflammation affected between 5% to 34% of the worldwide population in 2015 and posed a challenge to conventional ophthalmic treatments. Recent advances have led to potential novel therapeutics aiming to alleviate symptoms and improve patient outcomes.

2018 2nd Place: Identifying The Effectiveness Of Plant Extracts For Treating Biofilms Of Escherichia Coli And Myxococcus Xanthus, Micah Burton

Harrisburg University Research Symposium: Highlighting Research, Innovation, & Creativity

Antibiotic resistance is a topic that is of growing concern in the field of medicine. Antibiotics act as growth blockers or act as toxins, killing the organism they affect. These biological weapons generate selective pressure leading to the current antibiotic crisis. This selective pressure causes resistant organisms to begin to emerge and over generations antibiotic resistance can develop and be spread among a bacterial population.

One of the key factors contributing to antibiotic resistance in bacteria is the ability for some bacteria to form and shield themselves within biofilms. Biofilms are masses of bacteria protected by a polysaccharide/ extracellular DNA …

Volar V-Y Advancement Flaps In Reconstructing Fingertip Injuries, Sawsan Abiad

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

Fingertip injuries with exposed bones and joints require immediate or early closure for the preservation of function and avoidance of complications. The ideal procedure should maintain the length of the finger and cover the defect with non-tender, well-padded skin with normal sensation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of the different types of volar V-Y advancement flaps in reconstructing and resurfacing injuries of the fingertips at different levels and angles. Thirty patients (N=30) sustaining fingertip injuries of variable etiology and lost components, type III & IV according to Allen’s classification were divided into two groups (n=15) …

Attitudes Toward Persons With Disabilities And Disability Awareness Of University Students Providing Healthcare, Canan Ertemoğlu Öksüz, Özlem Kanber Uzun, Şahi Nur Kalkışım, Nihat Burak Zihni

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: This study aims to determine the attitudes and disability awareness of university students who provide health services to persons with disabilities.

Methods: This study included 291 volunteer students studying at the Vocational School of Health Services, Karadeniz Technical University (KTU), and conducting clinical practice at KTU Farabi Hospital. A sociodemographic form was used to determine the individual characteristics of the students included in this study, and the Attitudes toward Disabled Persons Scale (ATDP) was applied to determine their attitudes toward persons with disabilities.

Results: The students’ average ATDP score was 61.75 ± 12.34. Statistically significant differences …

Perceptions Of Nigerian Medical Students Regarding Their Preparedness For Precision Medicine: A Cross-Sectional Survey In Lagos, Nigeria, Chibuzor Ogamba, Alero Roberts, Sharon Ajudua, Mosopefoluwa Akinwale, Fuhad Jeje, Festus Ibe, Moses Afolayan, Yetunde Kuyinu

Einstein Health Papers

BACKGROUND: Advances in precision medicine in Nigeria suggest improving genomics education and competency among healthcare practitioners to facilitate clinical translation. Due to the scarcity of research in this area, this study aimed to assess Nigerian medical students' perceptions about their preparedness to integrate precision medicine into their future clinical practice.

METHODS: This was an institution-based cross-sectional study of medicine and surgery students in their clinical years attending the two fully accredited colleges of medicine in Lagos, Nigeria, between April and October 2022 using an adapted tool administered via Google Forms. The survey assessed their awareness, perceptions about knowledge, ability, and …

Utilization Of Wellness Practices For Burnout And Stress During Covid-19 Among An Interdisciplinary Cohort Of Emergency Healthcare Workers, Michael J. Zdradzinski, Sheri-Ann O. Kaltiso, Roslyn Seitz, Timothy P. Moran, Jennifer Clements, Sheryl L. Heron, Michelle D. Lall

Journal of Wellness

Introduction: The Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) introduced additional stress to the baseline occupational stressors of emergency care workers. The objectives of this study were to evaluate perceived stress and burnout and the utilization and perceived benefit of wellness practices among emergency healthcare workers (EHCWs), including: emergency physicians, advanced practice providers (APPs), nurses, and departmental administrative staff during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: A cross-sectional 28-item electronic survey of EHCWs at three hospitals in a major United States city was used to measure participants’ utilization and perceived benefit of wellness practices, burnout (2-item measure), overall stress (perceived stress scale), and stress …

Quantitative Benefits Of Reducing The Inferior Border Of Right-Sided Free Breathing Intact Breast Treatment Plans Regarding Liver Dose, Shelby Handshue

Culminating Experience Projects

Introduction

Breast cancer is a prevalent disease in the United States, affecting approximately one in eight women during their lifetime (Leaver & Washington, 2010). Advancements in medical treatments have evolved from mastectomy to a multidisciplinary approach. Radiation therapy plays a crucial role in preventing local recurrence after breast conserving surgery. Traditionally, whole breast irradiation has been administered over 25-28 fractions to a total dose of 45-50 Gray (Gy), followed by a boost of 5-8 fractions to the tumor bed. In recent times, hypofractionation, which involves a shorter treatment schedule of 15-16 fractions to a total dose of 42.5 Gy, followed …

The Impact Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On The Physical And Mental Health Of School-Aged Children, Syed Azlan Abbas, Sufia Athar, Nadeem Zafar Jilani

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

The SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic caused a deleterious impact on global health. School-aged children were significantly impacted by the pandemic. These impacts may be attributed to the fact that this age group is at a vulnerable developmental stage and is susceptible to profound effects. We conducted a thorough literature review using PubMed, Medline, and Science Direct electronic database searches between 2020-2022. We retrieved 757 studies, 25 of which were included in our review. We considered the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the physical and mental health of school-aged children (5-18 years), and the results were analyzed and included in our …

Deaf Adults’ View Of Having Speech Language Therapy In Early Schooling, Ashley Greene, Diane Clark, G. Marissa Ramos, Caroline K. Koo, Megan B. Wimberly, Danielle Goyette

JADARA

Speech therapy and interactions with Speech Language Pathologists (SLPs) during early adolescence is a common experience of many Deaf individuals. The decision to attend speech therapy is typically made by their hearing parents in conjunction with medical and educational professionals who hold the view that deaf children need to fit into the hearing world (Harmon, 2013). With the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) showing that the majority of currently licensed SLPs work in school settings (ASHA, 2018) coupled with the fact that the majority of deaf children receive some speech therapy in their early schooling years, the team wanted to know …

Functional Impact Of Ethyl-Β-D-Glucuronide On Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Stimulated Lung Macrophages, Charles Inaku

Biotechnology Theses

Chronic alcohol abuse has been shown to alter immune defense mechanisms in humans and mice which makes the host susceptible to infections, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. However, limited information is available on the mechanisms involved in alcohol-mediated host immune system dysfunction.

In this study, we determined the effects of ethyl-β-d-glucuronide (EtG), an alcohol-derived metabolite, on immune response of mice lung macrophages. We measured cytokine and chemokine production by gamma-irradiated mtb (γ-mtb) stimulated mice lung macrophages in the presence or absence of EtG. We also determined the effect of EtG on the metabolic state of γ-mtb stimulated mice lung macrophages. …

The Benefits Of Art Therapy On Stress And Anxiety Of Oncology Patients During Treatment, Helen Shiepe

Expressive Therapies Capstone Theses

Within the last ten years research on art therapy and its positive impact on oncology patients’ stress and anxiety during treatment has been minimal. Oncology patients whether they are children or adults when diagnosed experience similar reactions due to their diagnosis, treatment, and in some cases end of life care. The current question is whether or not art therapy does have a positive impact on decreasing the stress and anxiety with oncology patients while undergoing treatment. Deane, Fitch & Carmen (2000), discussed art therapy as a healing art that is “intended to integrate physical, emotional, and spiritual care by facilitating …

Center Based Cardiac Rehabilitation Outcomes Associated With Covid-19 Pandemic: A Retrospective Comparative Cohort Study, Haley Williams, Kayla Woodworth

Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects: College of Nursing

Background: Traditional cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a multidisciplinary, multifaceted program for cardiac patients. Throughout the Covid-19 pandemic, health care, including center-based CR (CBCR) programs, were closed to in-person sessions. Even with the return to CBCR participation, patient outcomes may have been affected by this disruption in care. The goal of this study was to determine if CR participation outcomes differed before and after CBCR program closure due to Covid-19.

Methods: A retrospective comparative cohort design was used to examine CR participant outcome data before and after the Covid-19 pandemic. Convenience sampling of CR participants at a large, urban …

A Machine Learning Approach For Predicting Clinical Trial Patient Enrollment In Drug Development Portfolio Demand Planning, Ahmed Shoieb

Masters Theses

One of the biggest challenges the clinical research industry currently faces is the accurate forecasting of patient enrollment (namely if and when a clinical trial will achieve full enrollment), as the stochastic behavior of enrollment can significantly contribute to delays in the development of new drugs, increases in duration and costs of clinical trials, and the over- or under- estimation of clinical supply. This study proposes a Machine Learning model using a Fully Convolutional Network (FCN) that is trained on a dataset of 100,000 patient enrollment data points including patient age, patient gender, patient disease, investigational product, study phase, blinded …

Interaction Between Fluoxetine And Risperidone And Its Association With Clinical Outcomes In Schizophrenic Patients, Fitri Rachmaini, Dian Ayu Juwita, Rahmad Abdillah, Rezy Dwi Afrianti, Fatma Sri Wahyuni

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

The concurrent use of fluoxetine and risperidone to treat schizophrenia may result in drug interactions. This study aims to analyse the clinical outcomes of fluoxetine-risperidone therapy and the possibility of their interaction in schizophrenic patients. The clinical outcomes are patient status at the time of hospital discharge, the length of hospitalisation and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale- Excitement Component (PANSS-EC). This study was conducted prospectively in psychiatric ward of HB Saanin Mental Hospital from May to October 2021 and study subjects were selected using consecutive sampling technique with inclusion criteria. Forty-three patients were eligible for this study. Research data …

A New Christmas Eve: Match Day Eve, Gehan A. Pendlebury

be Still

The transition of medical student to resident physician represents the student becoming the teacher -- a teacher that will continue to evolve over time. Residents teach medical students, yet residents are taught by their attending physicians. In many ways, Match Day is a milestone marking the beginning of that incremental learning process. The word "doctor" derives from the Latin word “docere” meaning "to teach" as doctors should be teaching their patients good health in their practice of medicine. Likewise, it is an inherent responsibility of all physicians to pass on their knowledge and skills for the betterment of the next …

Effectiveness Of Vacuotherapy And Dry Needling As Adjunct Treatment For Musculoskeletal Cases: A Cohort In A Pt Clinic., Adnan N. Balisi, Vince Paul Lobaton, Dane Debulgado, Jhonas Jegira, Mae Adrinne Tumonong, Christian James Brillas, Ritchie Belle Gelito, Mychelle Rae Marasigan

Philippine Journal of Physical Therapy

Introduction: Usage of vacuum therapy and dry needling in physical therapy management of musculoskeletal cases have gained increasing usage but the literature regarding their effects is limited. This study determines the effect size of the interventions, which are vacuotherapy and dry needling as adjunct treatments to exercises, performed in a local PT clinic to musculoskeletal cases in three different treatment sessions with a week gap in between.

Methods: The study is a retrospective cohort where sampling was purposive in gathering historical patient charts. The numerical pain rating scales and relevant range of motion (ROM) in the musculoskeletal cases …

Exploration Of Data Science Toolbox And Predictive Models To Detect And Prevent Medicare Fraud, Waste, And Abuse, Benjamin P. Goodwin, Adam Canton, Babatunde Olanipekun

SMU Data Science Review

The Federal Department of Health and Human Services spends approximately $830 Billion annually on Medicare of which an estimated $30 to $110 billion is some form of fraud, waste, or abuse (FWA). Despite the Federal Government’s ongoing auditing efforts, fraud, waste, and abuse is rampant and requires modern machine learning approaches to generalize and detect such patterns. New and novel machine learning algorithms offer hope to help detect fraud, waste, and abuse. The existence of publicly accessible datasets complied by The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) contain vast quantities of structured data. This data, coupled with industry standardized …

Hiv Screening Among Immigrants Establishing Care In Maine, 2017-2021, Elizabeth Mazzeo, Elizabeth Danielson, Benjamin Felix, Kimberly Toomire, Elizabeth Eisenhardt, Evelyn Roach, Katlyn Breton, Karen Thompson, Stephen Digiovanni, Kathleen M. Fairfield

Journal of Maine Medical Center

No abstract provided.

Exploring Novel Intradialytic Techniques To Identify & Ameliorate Of Hemodialysis-Induced Myocardial Ischemic Injury, Jarrin D. Penny

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Patients with chronic kidney disease requiring hemodialysis to sustain life have extremely high rates of cardiovascular morbidity/mortality. This is both a consequence of the disease process and treatment. Hemodialysis induces systemic circulatory stress is largely due to the extracorporeal circuit and volume removal. The stress induced by intermitted hemodialysis is repetitive with cumulative cardiovascular effect and is the principal driver of heart failure and sudden death in this vulnerable population. The insults imposed by hemodialysis result in left ventricular regional wall motion abnormalities and lead to myocardial stunning with permanent damage to the vasculature and myocardium. Currently, the adversity caused …

Risk Factor Analysis Of Hospital Readmissions At St. Petersburg General Hospital, Vincent Wu, Sean Quinonez, My Myers, Kyle Borodunovich, Aisha Shamsi, Patrick Stocker, Bryan Fink, Steven Ferreira

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Background

Decreased readmission rates are largely seen as an indicator of effective care and improved resource management. The case management team at St. Petersburg General Hospital in St. Petersburg, Florida identified chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation, pneumonia, and sepsis as 3 of the leading diagnoses on index admission that later led to 30-day readmissions. By examining patients with these 3 diagnoses on index admission, we decided to investigate potential readmission risk factors including patient age, sex, race, body mass index (BMI), length of stay during the index admission, insurance type during index admission, discharge placement after index admission, coronary …

A Descriptive And Visual Analysis Of The North Coast Fall Prevention Survey Data, Mishell Lopez

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Older adults over 65 will double from 52.4 million in 2018 to 94.7 million in 2060. Among this aging group, falls affect one out of four older adults and are a critical economic concern for our American society, with yearly costs of $50 billion. In older adults, falling can result in negative consequences such as fear of falling, injuries, mobility restrictions, and loss of independence. California has one of the highest costs per fall ($4 billion annually) and a high percentage of adults who have fallen (30.6%) compared to the nation. Moreover, two of California’s northwest rural counties, Del Norte, …

Support Their Sleep: Enhancing Nurses' Knowledge And Implementation Of Non-Pharmacological Sleep Protocols To Improve Patient Rest, Recovery, And Reduce Cognitive Impairment., David C. Barry

Master's Theses and Capstones

Background: Sleep and rest play an influential role in promoting recovery and healing in humans. Hospitalized patients are at risk for altered sleep from hospitalization, illness, and stimulation from a hospital environment. Non-pharmacologic interventions preformed by nurses can help to improve sleep and sleep environment for patients.

Local problem: There was no protocol or available information regarding patient sleep promotion for nurses to references when caring for patients.

Methods: Nurses in the microsystem (n=8) were administered a pre/post questionnaire containing Likert scales and a short quiz containing knowledge-based questions. Questionnaires were distributed to nurses prior to and after …

How Sleep Disturbances Affect Those With Borderline Personality Disorder And The Implications For Treatment, Molly L. Schmanke

Regis University Student Publications (comprehensive collection)

This thesis argues that there is limited research on Borderline Personality Disorder’s comorbidity with sleep disorders, and by pointing out the gaps in knowledge this will encourage researchers and doctors to consider this topic as important in the health care field. Sleep disorders can be anything from reduced total sleep time, fragmented sleep, and changes in sleep architecture, and all of these can cause and be caused by disruption of the circadian clock. There are various ways in which circadian clock disruption can cause diseases, cancer, and mental disorders through genes, sleep, and the environment. Borderline Personality Disorder comorbid with …

One In Every Twenty-Six, Rey'na Riggans

Capstone Showcase

There is a disorder that is rather common within the world and yet is not well known. It is a something that affects one in every twenty-six individuals. It is called epilepsy. Epilepsy is a neurological disorder in which a person to experience bursts of random electrical activity within their brains, these bursts being called "seizures." This article discusses this disorder and goes into detail about the forms of it, procedures that are done to try and help those living with epilepsy, and artwork that is inspired by this disorder.

Estimulación Cognitiva Y De La Actividad Fisica En La Persona Mayor - Una Experiencia Desde La Práctica, Maria Victoria Rojas Martinez, Adriana Hernandez Bustos, Blanca Gregoria Melo Melo

Ciencias de la Salud

El trabajar con la persona mayor que presenta limitación física o mental, lleva a la aparición de grandes retos para el estudiante y futuro profesional de enfermería, más aún cuando el campo de acción es el hogar, porque el cuidado será compartido entre la persona, el cuidador o grupo familiar, dentro de su propio espacio, por lo tanto, se convierte en una intervención individual con el uso de recursos propios y generalmente con la participación directa del cuidador o acompañante. Para el cuidado en el hogar el autocuidado es base fundamental para el cumplimiento de metas en la salud de …

Methods Development In Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Andrew B. Steimke

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a disease that is classified into two subtypes: ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD). Symptoms can range from mild discomfort to requiring surgical intervention and affects approximately 1-in-200 adults in America alone, with global incidence rates increasing. While many treatments exist for IBD, perhaps the main reason for the lack of a cure is that there are many different pathogeneses that all lead to a very similar expression of symptoms. Over 240 IBD loci have been identified to date, yet the causative allele that drives the association has only been identified in ~60 of …

Development Of A Low-Dose Radiation Therapy Device For Acute Respritory Distress Syndrome, Thomas Heath Davis

Masters Theses

This research focuses on the development of a low dose radiotherapy (LD-RT) device for treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a respiratory illness that affects millions of people a year. The use of orthovoltage (200 – 500 keV) X-ray energy provides many advantages over traditional radiotherapy delivery with linear accelerators, such as low cost and greater accessibility. In addition, X-ray tubes have been shown throughout history to provide good treatment outcomes for pneumonia, and research has shown LD-RT to be just as effective with ARDS. This proposal summarizes my efforts in determining the dosimetric properties of a LD-RT system …